CN110698279A - Compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110698279A CN110698279A CN201911219255.6A CN201911219255A CN110698279A CN 110698279 A CN110698279 A CN 110698279A CN 201911219255 A CN201911219255 A CN 201911219255A CN 110698279 A CN110698279 A CN 110698279A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The invention provides a compound fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of agricultural science and technology, wherein the compound fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, secondary elements, trace elements, humic acid and psicose, and the inventor discovers that when the secondary elements in the compound fertilizer account for 1-5% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer and the trace elements account for 0.1-1% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer, the prepared compound fertilizer can effectively promote the growth of solanaceous vegetables, simultaneously improves the quality of the solanaceous vegetables, and effectively relieves the problems that the conventional compound fertilizer is single in nutrient content, is only suitable for the planting of grain crops more conventionally and lacks a corresponding fertilizer in the field of the planting of the solanaceous vegetables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural science and technology, in particular to a compound fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The solanaceous vegetables mainly comprise crops such as hot pepper, tomato, eggplant and the like. At present, blind and excessive fertilization in production not only influences the yield and quality of solanaceous vegetables, but also causes waste of fertilizer resources, environmental pollution and unbalance of soil nutrients. Therefore, the method has very important significance for reducing the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer and improving the quality of solanaceous vegetables on the premise of ensuring the yield. However, the existing compound fertilizer has single nutrient content and the proportion is only suitable for a few crops, and even a special fertilizer, most of the compound fertilizer is only developed aiming at main food crops. Meanwhile, nutrient waste is caused by unreasonable application of a plurality of compound fertilizers, so that the soil environment and surrounding water resources are polluted, and the safety quality of agricultural products and the health of human bodies are seriously damaged.
Therefore, the compound fertilizer is used for solving the problems that the conventional compound fertilizer is single in nutrient content, is only suitable for planting main grain crops and is lack of a corresponding fertilizer in the field of solanaceous vegetable planting. Researches and developments of a compound fertilizer with specific medium element and trace element nutrient content proportion suitable for solanaceous vegetable planting become necessary and urgent.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compound fertilizer which comprises nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements, potassium elements, secondary elements, trace elements, humic acid and allulose, and the inventor discovers that when the secondary elements in the compound fertilizer account for 1% -5% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer and the trace elements account for 0.1% -1% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer, the prepared compound fertilizer can effectively promote the growth of solanaceous vegetables, improves the quality of the solanaceous vegetables, and effectively relieves the problem that the existing compound fertilizer is single in nutrient content, is only suitable for the planting of grain crops in a relatively conventional mode and lacks of a corresponding fertilizer in the field of solanaceous vegetable planting.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the compound fertilizer, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the raw materials, granulating and drying to obtain the compound fertilizer. The preparation method has the advantage of simple preparation process.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the compound fertilizer, and the compound fertilizer can be widely applied to the preparation of fertilizer products for solanaceous vegetables.
The compound fertilizer provided by the invention comprises nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements, potassium elements, secondary elements, trace elements, humic acid and allulose, wherein the secondary elements account for 1-5% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer;
the content percentage of the trace elements in the nutrient in the compound fertilizer is 0.1-1%.
Further, based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, the percentage of the secondary elements in the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer is 2-4%;
the content percentage of the trace elements in the nutrient in the compound fertilizer is 0.5-0.9%;
preferably, based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, the percentage of the secondary elements in the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer is 2.5%;
the content percentage of the trace elements in the nutrient in the compound fertilizer is 0.7 percent;
preferably, based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, the content of the sum of the nitrogen element, the phosphorus element and the potassium element accounts for 30-50%, preferably 36-44% and further preferably 42.5% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer;
preferably, based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, the humic acid accounts for 1-5%, preferably 1.5-3%, and more preferably 2% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the allulose accounts for 0.05-0.15% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, preferably 0.08-0.12%, and more preferably 0.1% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer.
Further, nitrogen element, phosphorus element, potassium element, secondary element and trace element are independently present in the compound fertilizer as salts of each element;
preferably, the secondary elements include calcium and magnesium;
preferably, the trace elements include molybdenum and selenium.
Furthermore, the nitrogen element, the phosphorus element and the potassium element exist in the compound fertilizer as a nitrogen salt, a phosphorus salt and a potassium salt respectively;
preferably, the nitrogen salt comprises at least one of urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium polyphosphate and ammonium sulfate, preferably ammonium nitrate, ammonium polyphosphate and ammonium molybdate;
preferably, the phosphate salt comprises at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, powdered rock phosphate and calcium superphosphate, preferably ammonium polyphosphate;
preferably, the potassium salt comprises at least one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, preferably potassium sulfate;
preferably, the calcium element and the magnesium element exist in the compound fertilizer as calcium salt and magnesium salt respectively;
preferably, the calcium salt comprises at least one of calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium carbonate and a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, preferably calcium sulfate;
preferably, the magnesium salt comprises at least one of magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate and magnesium ammonium phosphate, preferably anhydrous magnesium sulfate;
preferably, the molybdenum element and the selenium element exist in the compound fertilizer as molybdenum salt and selenium salt respectively;
preferably, the molybdenum salt comprises at least one of ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate and molybdenum slag, preferably comprises ammonium molybdate;
preferably, the selenium salt comprises at least one of sodium selenate, sodium selenite and selenium mineral powder, and preferably comprises sodium selenate.
Further, the trace elements also comprise boron, iron, manganese and zinc;
preferably, the boron element is present in the compound fertilizer as boric acid;
preferably, the iron element, the manganese element and the zinc element are respectively present in the compound fertilizer as EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated manganese and EDTA chelated zinc.
Preferably, the allulose is present in the compound fertilizer as a monosaccharide.
Further, the compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-400 parts of ammonium nitrate, 100-150 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 350-500 parts of potassium sulfate, 50-70 parts of calcium sulfate, 40-100 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 6-13 parts of boric acid, 1-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-4 parts of sodium selenate, 5-20 parts of humic acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of allulose, 2-8 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 5-20 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 2-8 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
preferably, the compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 364 parts of ammonium nitrate, 125 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 400 parts of potassium sulfate, 65 parts of calcium sulfate, 50 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 11.43 parts of boric acid, 1.85 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2.39 parts of sodium selenate, 10 parts of humic acid, 1 part of allulose, 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated zinc.
Furthermore, the compound fertilizer also comprises 80-160 parts of urea;
preferably, the urea comprises molten urine.
The invention provides a preparation method of the compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing the raw materials uniformly, granulating, and drying to obtain the compound fertilizer.
Further, the preparation method also comprises the step of adding urea for melting before granulation after the raw materials are uniformly mixed;
preferably, the melting temperature is 40-50 ℃, and preferably 45 ℃;
preferably, the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, and preferably 70 ℃.
The invention provides an application of the compound fertilizer in preparation of fertilizer products for solanaceous vegetables.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the compound fertilizer provided by the invention comprises nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements, potassium elements, secondary elements, trace elements and humic acid, and the compound fertilizer contains rich nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements, potassium elements, secondary elements and trace elements and can effectively increase nutrient elements in soil; the humic acid has strong enriching capacity on nutrient elements in soil, can protect and store the nutrient elements, has antibacterial property, and can improve metabolism function and immunity of plants. The allulose can enhance the activity of root systems, promote the synthesis of chlorophyll and improve the stress resistance of crops. Particularly, the inventor discovers that when the secondary elements in the compound fertilizer account for 1% -5% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer and the trace elements account for 0.1% -1% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer, the prepared compound fertilizer can effectively promote the growth of solanaceous vegetables and improve the quality of the solanaceous vegetables, compared with the existing common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the yield of the solanaceous vegetables can be improved by about 5% -10%, compared with the existing humic acid fertilizer, the yield can be improved by about 10% -15%, and the problems that the existing compound fertilizer is single in nutrient content, only is applicable to the planting of grain crops in a conventional mode, and is lack of corresponding fertilizers in the field of planting of the solanaceous vegetables are effectively solved.
The preparation method of the compound fertilizer provided by the invention comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the raw materials, granulating and drying to obtain the compound fertilizer. The preparation method has the advantage of simple preparation process.
The compound fertilizer provided by the invention can be widely applied to the preparation of fertilizer products for solanaceous vegetables.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to one aspect of the invention, the compound fertilizer comprises nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements, potassium elements, secondary elements, trace elements, humic acid and allulose, wherein the secondary elements account for 1-5% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer;
the content percentage of the trace elements in the nutrient in the compound fertilizer is 0.1-1%.
The compound fertilizer provided by the invention comprises nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements, potassium elements, secondary elements, trace elements and humic acid, and the compound fertilizer contains rich nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements, potassium elements, secondary elements and trace elements and can effectively increase nutrient elements in soil; the humic acid has strong enriching capacity on nutrient elements in soil, can protect and store the nutrient elements, has antibacterial property, and can improve metabolism function and immunity of plants. The allulose can enhance the activity of root systems, promote the synthesis of chlorophyll and improve the stress resistance of crops. Particularly, the inventor discovers that when the secondary elements in the compound fertilizer account for 1-5% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer and the trace elements account for 0.1-1% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer, the prepared compound fertilizer can effectively promote the growth of solanaceous vegetables and improve the quality of the solanaceous vegetables, compared with the existing common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the yield of the solanaceous vegetables can be improved by about 5-10%, compared with the existing humic fertilizer, the yield can be improved by about 10-15%, and the problems that the existing compound fertilizer is single in nutrient content, is only applicable to the planting of grain crops in a conventional mode and lacks corresponding fertilizers in the field of planting of the solanaceous vegetables are effectively solved.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the secondary elements account for 1-5% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer;
the trace elements account for 0.1 to 1 percent of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer;
as a preferable embodiment, the secondary elements account for 2-4% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer, and the trace elements account for 0.5-0.9% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer.
The secondary elements are nutrient elements which are inferior to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium but higher than trace elements in the growth process of crops. The secondary element has very important and irreplaceable physiological functions in the plant body. Wherein, the calcium can promote the cell elongation, thereby accelerating the root growth; calcium can also bind to calmodulin, participate in second messenger transmission, and activate many key enzymes in plants; a large amount of calcium accumulates in the vacuole and contributes significantly to the balance of the anions and cations within the vacuole. Magnesium is a component of chlorophyll and has important significance for plant photosynthesis. Therefore, the addition of calcium and magnesium promotes the growth and development of solanaceous fruit crops, and the yield of the solanaceous fruit crops is improved to a certain extent.
In the above preferred embodiment, the percentage of the secondary elements in the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer is 2.5% based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer;
the content percentage of the trace elements in the nutrient in the compound fertilizer is 0.7 percent; the compound fertilizer prepared by the nutrient contents of the medium elements and the trace elements has a good planting effect.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements accounts for 30-50%, preferably 36-44% and more preferably 42.5% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer;
as a preferable embodiment, the total content of the nitrogen element, the phosphorus element and the potassium element accounts for 36-44% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer.
Nitrogen is the major element of protein formation, which is the basic material in cellular plasma composition. The nitrogen fertilizer application can promote the formation of protein and chlorophyll, so that the leaf color is dark green, the leaf area is increased, the carbon assimilation is promoted, the yield is increased, and the quality is improved. Phospholipids are indispensable elements for forming nuclear proteins, lecithin, and the like. The phosphorus element can accelerate cell division, promote the root system and overground part to accelerate growth, promote flower bud differentiation, mature in advance and improve the quality of crops. The nutrition effect of the potassium can improve the intensity of photosynthesis, promote the formation of starch and sugar in crops, enhance the stress resistance and disease resistance of the crops and improve the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by the crops. The utilization of the three obviously improves the yield of solanaceous fruit crops.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the humic acid accounts for 1% to 5%, preferably 1.5% to 3%, and more preferably 2% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer.
As a preferable embodiment, the humic acid accounts for 1.5-3% of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer.
The humic acid fertilizer can improve the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer; has synergistic effect on phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and also has the functions of water and fertilizer retention, thereby improving the crop yield.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the allulose accounts for 0.05% to 0.15%, preferably 0.08% to 0.12%, and more preferably 0.1% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer.
As a preferable embodiment, the humic acid accounts for 0.08-0.12 percent of the nutrient content in the compound fertilizer.
The allulose improves plant resistance, promotes root growth and chlorophyll synthesis, and accordingly improves crop yield.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, secondary elements and trace elements are each independently present in the compound fertilizer as salts of each element;
in the above preferred embodiment, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are used as the base elements. Nitrogen is a component of protein, nucleic acid and chlorophyll in plant body, and chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are nitrogen-containing compounds. The green plants perform photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy, and inorganic matter (carbon dioxide and water) into organic matter (glucose) and oxygen by the action of chlorophyll. Glucose is a raw material for synthesizing various organic matters in plant bodies, and chlorophyll is a factory for manufacturing 'grains' from plant leaves. Nitrogen is also a component of the vitamin and energy systems in plants. Phosphorus plays an important role in plant nutrition. Many important organic compounds in plants contain phosphorus, which is a nucleic acid, protein and enzyme in plants. And the like, and the constituent elements of various important compounds. Phosphorus is involved in photosynthesis, respiration, energy storage and transmission, cell division, cell enlargement and other processes in plants; the phosphorus can promote the formation and growth of early roots, improve the capability of the plants to adapt to external environmental conditions and contribute to the cold resistance of the plants in winter; phosphorus can improve the quality of many fruits, vegetables and food crops. Phosphorus helps to enhance disease resistance, drought resistance and cold resistance of some plants; phosphorus has a ripening effect and is important for harvest and crop quality. The potassium has high distribution amount in organs and tissues with active plant metabolism, and has the functions of ensuring smooth progress of various metabolic processes, promoting plant growth, enhancing disease and pest resistance and lodging resistance, and the like. Potassium can promote photosynthesis, and potassium deficiency can weaken photosynthesis. Potassium can obviously improve the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by plants and can be quickly converted into protein. Potassium also promotes economic water use by the plants. Since potassium ions are accumulated in crop cells to a large extent, the osmotic pressure of the cells increases and water moves from a soil solution having a low concentration to root cells having a high concentration. When the potassium supply is sufficient, the crops can effectively utilize water and keep the water in the bodies, and the transpiration of the water is reduced. Another characteristic of potassium is its contribution to crop stress resistance. One of the important physiological effects of potassium is to enhance the regulation of environmental conditions by cells. Potassium can enhance the tolerance of plants to various adverse conditions, such as drought, low temperature, salinity, pest damage, lodging, etc.
In the above preferred embodiment, the secondary elements include calcium and magnesium; among them, the influence of calcium element on plant growth is very important, and the lack of calcium inhibits the growth of the most vigorous apical bud or root, especially the growth of root hair. In addition, calcium is a component and an activator of some enzymes in the plant body, and has certain influence on the metabolism of nitrogen and carbohydrate; calcium element has the functions of eliminating some organic acids in the plant body and reducing the toxicity of the organic acids to the plant body; the calcium element is also beneficial to promoting the absorption of plants to potassium ions, and the plants can generate calcium deficiency symptoms immediately after being deficient in calcium and can cause various physiological diseases caused by calcium deficiency. Such as tomato and sweet pepper stem rot. Magnesium element is a medium nutrient element required for normal growth and development of plants, is a main mineral element forming chlorophyll, directly influences photosynthesis of plants and synthesis of sugar and protein, and brings irreparable harm to plant growth due to the lack of magnesium element.
In the above preferred embodiment, the trace elements include molybdenum and selenium. The trace elements are activators of various enzymes in the plant body and can promote various metabolic processes in the plant body. Molybdenum element can promote the formation of chlorophyll; selenium element can improve the selenium content in crops and improve the quality of agricultural products. The allulose can promote root growth, promote chlorophyll synthesis and improve plant resistance, and has the advantages of small molecular weight, easy absorption by plants and difficult degradation.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen element, the phosphorus element and the potassium element are respectively present in the compound fertilizer as a nitrogen salt, a phosphorus salt and a potassium salt;
in the above preferred embodiment, the nitrogen salt comprises at least one of urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium polyphosphate and ammonium sulfate, preferably ammonium nitrate, ammonium polyphosphate and ammonium molybdate, wherein the nitrogen content of the ammonium nitrate is 35%; the nitrogen content of the ammonium polyphosphate is 18 percent; the nitrogen content of ammonium molybdate is 7%;
in the above preferred embodiment, the phosphorus salt comprises at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, powdered rock phosphate and calcium superphosphate, preferably ammonium polyphosphate, wherein the ammonium polyphosphate has a phosphorus pentoxide content of 60%;
in the above preferred embodiment, the potassium salt comprises at least one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, preferably potassium sulfate, wherein the potassium oxide content of the potassium sulfate is 50%;
in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the calcium element and the magnesium element are respectively present in the compound fertilizer as calcium salt and magnesium salt;
in the above preferred embodiment, the calcium salt comprises at least one of calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium carbonate and calcium magnesium phosphate, preferably calcium sulfate, wherein the calcium content of the calcium sulfate is 23%;
in the above preferred embodiment, the magnesium salt includes at least one of magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate and magnesium ammonium phosphate, preferably anhydrous magnesium sulfate, wherein the magnesium content of the anhydrous magnesium sulfate is 20%;
in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the molybdenum element and the selenium element exist in the compound fertilizer as molybdenum salt and selenium salt respectively;
in the above preferred embodiment, the molybdenum salt comprises at least one of ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate and molybdenum slag, preferably ammonium molybdate, wherein the molybdenum content of the ammonium molybdate is 54%;
in the above preferred embodiment, the selenium salt comprises at least one of sodium selenate, sodium selenite and selenium ore powder, preferably sodium selenate, wherein the selenium content of sodium selenate is 41.8%.
Preferably, the allulose is present in the compound fertilizer as a monosaccharide;
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trace elements further include boron, iron, manganese and zinc;
preferably, the boron element exists in the compound fertilizer as boric acid, wherein the boron content in the boric acid is 17.5%;
preferably, the iron element, the manganese element and the zinc element are respectively present in the compound fertilizer as EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated manganese and EDTA chelated zinc. Preferably, the content of iron in the EDTA chelated iron is 15%, the content of manganese in the EDTA chelated manganese is 10%, and the content of zinc in the EDTA chelated zinc is 15%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-400 parts of ammonium nitrate, 100-150 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 350-500 parts of potassium sulfate, 50-70 parts of calcium sulfate, 40-100 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 6-13 parts of boric acid, 1-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-4 parts of sodium selenate, 5-20 parts of humic acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of allulose, 2-8 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 5-20 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 2-8 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
as a preferred embodiment, the compound fertilizer can provide complete nutrients for crops, and is uniformly distributed, so that the compound fertilizer is beneficial to absorption and utilization of root systems. Secondly, the fertilizer can fully play the promoting role among various nutrients in the fertilizer, improve the utilization rate of the nutrients, and save the transportation cost and the labor for fertilization.
Preferably, the compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 364 parts of ammonium nitrate, 125 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 400 parts of potassium sulfate, 65 parts of calcium sulfate, 50 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 11.43 parts of boric acid, 1.85 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2.39 parts of sodium selenate, 10 parts of humic acid, 1 part of allulose, 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated zinc.
According to the invention, the planting effect of the compound fertilizer is further optimized by further adjusting and optimizing the mass parts of the raw materials of each component.
In the preferable embodiment, the compound fertilizer further comprises 80-160 parts of urea;
as a preferable mode, the urea has high nitrogen content, obvious effect after application and no side effect, and can be used as a base fertilizer, an additional fertilizer and an extra-root additional fertilizer.
Preferably, the urea comprises molten urine.
According to one aspect of the invention, the preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
and mixing the raw materials uniformly, granulating, and drying to obtain the compound fertilizer.
The preparation method of the compound fertilizer provided by the invention comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the raw materials, granulating and drying to obtain the compound fertilizer. The preparation method has the advantage of simple preparation process.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the preparation method further comprises the step of adding urea for melting after the raw materials are uniformly mixed and before granulation;
as a preferred embodiment, the urea is added for melting, the method is based on the compound fertilizer production by the granulation method, is between the granulation method and the slurry method, has the advantages of both the granulation method and the slurry method, can obviously improve the yield, and has round and smooth product particles, high strength, low moisture and difficult caking. .
In the preferred embodiment, the melting temperature is 40 to 50 ℃, preferably 45 ℃;
in a preferred embodiment, the melting temperature is effective to reduce the temperature difference between the contact part of the heating device and the urea, thereby reducing the generation of biuret.
In the preferred embodiment, the drying temperature is 70 to 80 ℃, preferably 70 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, the drying temperature is favorable for the volatilization of moisture.
According to one aspect of the invention, the compound fertilizer is applied to preparation of fertilizer products for solanaceous vegetables.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
The compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of ammonium nitrate, 100 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 350 parts of potassium sulfate, 50 parts of calcium sulfate, 40 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 6 parts of boric acid, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 1 part of sodium selenate, 5 parts of humic acid, 0.5 part of allulose, 2 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 5 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 2 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
the preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) metering various raw materials according to a formula, and putting into a stirring tank for mixing;
(2) conveying the uniformly mixed raw materials to a crusher for crushing by using a conveyor belt, conveying the crushed raw materials into a rotary drum granulator, spraying a small amount of steam into a granulation rolling material through a steam nozzle, spraying molten urine into a granulation drum, heating the material to 40 ℃, and forming balls through continuous rotation of the granulation drum;
(3) sending the pelletized materials into a drying roller to be dried by hot air, wherein the temperature of the materials at an outlet of the drying roller is 80 ℃;
(4) and cooling, screening and packaging the dried material to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
The compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400 parts of ammonium nitrate, 150 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 500 parts of potassium sulfate, 70 parts of calcium sulfate, 100 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 13 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 4 parts of sodium selenate, 20 parts of humic acid, 1.5 parts of allulose, 8 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 20 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 8 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
the preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) metering various raw materials according to a formula, and putting into a stirring tank for mixing;
(2) conveying the uniformly mixed raw materials to a crusher for crushing by using a conveyor belt, conveying the crushed raw materials into a rotary drum granulator, spraying a small amount of steam into a granulation rolling material through a steam nozzle, spraying molten urine into a granulation drum, heating the material to 50 ℃, and forming balls through continuous rotation of the granulation drum;
(3) sending the pelletized materials into a drying roller to be dried by hot air, wherein the temperature of the materials at an outlet of the drying roller is 70 ℃;
(4) and cooling, screening and packaging the dried material to obtain a finished product.
Example 3
The compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 330 parts of ammonium nitrate, 120 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 380 parts of potassium sulfate, 55 parts of calcium sulfate, 45 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 8 parts of boric acid, 1.5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of sodium selenate, 8 parts of humic acid, 0.8 part of allulose, 5 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 8 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 5 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
the preparation method of the compound fertilizer is the same as that of the embodiment 2.
Example 4
The compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 370 parts of ammonium nitrate, 130 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 450 parts of potassium sulfate, 67 parts of calcium sulfate, 70 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 12 parts of boric acid, 3 parts of ammonium molybdate, 3 parts of sodium selenate, 16 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of allulose, 7 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 16 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 7 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
the preparation method of the compound fertilizer is the same as that of the embodiment 2.
Example 5
The compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 364 parts of ammonium nitrate, 125 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 400 parts of potassium sulfate, 65 parts of calcium sulfate, 50 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 11.43 parts of boric acid, 1.85 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2.39 parts of sodium selenate, 10 parts of humic acid, 1 part of allulose, 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
the preparation method of the compound fertilizer is the same as that of the embodiment 2.
Comparative example 1
The compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 273 parts of ammonium nitrate, 95 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 305 parts of potassium sulfate, 65 parts of calcium sulfate, 50 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 10 parts of humic acid and 1 part of allulose;
the preparation method of the compound fertilizer of the comparative example is the same as that of example 2.
Comparative example 2
The compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 273 parts of ammonium nitrate, 95 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 305 parts of potassium sulfate, 65 parts of calcium sulfate, 50 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 11.43 parts of boric acid, 1.85 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2.39 parts of sodium selenate, 10 parts of humic acid, 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
the preparation method of the compound fertilizer of the comparative example is the same as that of example 2.
Comparative example 3
The compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 364 parts of ammonium nitrate, 125 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 400 parts of potassium sulfate, 11.43 parts of boric acid, 1.85 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2.39 parts of sodium selenate, 10 parts of humic acid, 1 part of allulose, 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
the preparation method of the compound fertilizer of the comparative example is the same as that of example 2.
Comparative example 4
The compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 364.2 parts of ammonium nitrate, 125 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 400 parts of potassium sulfate, 65 parts of calcium sulfate, 50 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 10 parts of humic acid and 1 part of allulose;
the preparation method of the compound fertilizer of the comparative example is the same as that of example 2.
Comparative example 5
The compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 364 parts of ammonium nitrate, 125 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 400 parts of potassium sulfate, 65 parts of calcium sulfate, 50 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 11.43 parts of boric acid, 1.85 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2.39 parts of sodium selenate, 10 parts of humic acid, 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
the preparation method of the compound fertilizer of the comparative example is the same as that of example 2.
Effect example 1
The compound fertilizers prepared in the embodiments 1-5 and the compound fertilizers prepared in the comparative examples 1-5 are subjected to nutrient content detection, and the results are as follows:
| treatment of | Macroelement (%) | Middle element (%) | Microelement (%) | Aconoulose (%) |
| Example 1 | 35.81 | 1.95 | 0.31 | 0.05 |
| Example 2 | 50.73 | 3.61 | 1.05 | 0.15 |
| Example 3 | 39.92 | 2.17 | 0.53 | 0.08 |
| Example 4 | 45.61 | 2.94 | 0.87 | 0.12 |
| Example 5 | 42.50 | 2.50 | 0.70 | 0.10 |
| Comparative example 1 | 32.23 | 2.50 | 0 | 0.10 |
| Comparative example 2 | 32.23 | 2.50 | 0.70 | 0 |
| Comparative example 3 | 42.50 | 0 | 0.70 | 0.10 |
| Comparative example 4 | 42.50 | 2.50 | 0 | 0.10 |
| Comparative example 5 | 42.50 | 2.50 | 0.70 | 0 |
Comparative example 6
A humic acid compound fertilizer is sold in the market under the following labels:
the execution standard is as follows: GB15063-2009 contains chlorine (low chlorine).
Production license number: JingXK 13-001-.
Registration certificate number: jingnong fertilizer (2013) No. 3558.
Comparative example 7
A compound fertilizer is sold with the following market marks:
the execution standard is as follows: GB15063-2009 contains chlorine (high chlorine).
Production license number: luxk 13-001-.
Registration certificate number: lunong fertilizer (2007) standard No. 4273.
Effect example 2
The compound fertilizers prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 of the application, humic acid compound fertilizers sold in the comparative examples 1 to 5 and 6 and common nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the comparative example 7 are used for carrying out solanaceous vegetable planting experiments such as hot pepper, tomato, eggplant and the like, and the results are shown in the following tables 1 to 3:
table 1: experimental results of pepper planting
Note: the pepper variety of the pepper planting experiment is Xiang Ming 802, and the average price of the pepper is 5.0 yuan/kg;
in the pepper planting experiment process, the fertilizing methods of the embodiments 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-5 are as follows: 50kg of the fertilizer is applied to each mu, and the fertilizer is applied for 2 times, 20kg each time; the fertilization methods of comparative example 6 and comparative example 7 were: 70kg of urea and potassium sulfate are applied to the ground per mu for 2 times, 10kg of urea and potassium sulfate are applied to each time.
Table 2: tomato planting experimental results
Note: the tomato variety is golden shed No. 10, and the average price of the tomatoes is 3.0 yuan/kg;
in the tomato planting experiment process, the fertilizing methods of the embodiments 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-5 are as follows: applying 120kg of fertilizer per mu of base, and applying for 4 times, 20kg of fertilizer each time; the fertilization methods of comparative example 6 and comparative example 7 were: 160kg of urea and potassium sulfate are applied to the ground per mu for 4 times, 15kg of urea and potassium sulfate are applied to each mu each time.
Table 3: eggplant planting experimental result
Note: the eggplant variety is Ningqie No. 5, and the average price of the eggplant is 4.0 yuan/kg;
in the eggplant planting experiment process, the fertilizing method of the application examples 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-5 comprises the following steps: applying 70kg of fertilizer per mu of base, and applying for 3 times, 20kg each time; the fertilization methods of comparative example 6 and comparative example 7 were: 100kg of urea and potassium sulfate are applied to each mu of base soil for 3 times, 10kg of urea and potassium sulfate are applied to each mu of base soil.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A compound fertilizer is characterized by comprising nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, secondary elements, trace elements and humic acid;
based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, the percentage of the secondary elements in the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer is 1-5%;
the content percentage of the trace elements in the nutrient in the compound fertilizer is 0.1-1%.
2. The compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the percentage of the secondary elements in the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer is 2-4% based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer;
the content percentage of the trace elements in the nutrient in the compound fertilizer is 0.5-0.9%;
preferably, based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, the percentage of the secondary elements in the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer is 2.5%;
the content percentage of the trace elements in the nutrient in the compound fertilizer is 0.7 percent;
preferably, based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, the content of the total of the nitrogen element, the phosphorus element and the potassium element accounts for 30-50%, preferably 36-44% and more preferably 42.5% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer;
preferably, based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, the humic acid accounts for 1-5%, preferably 1.5-3%, and more preferably 2% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer;
preferably, the compound fertilizer further comprises psicose;
preferably, the allulose accounts for 0.05-0.15% of the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer, preferably 0.08-0.12%, and more preferably 0.1%, based on the nutrient content of the compound fertilizer.
3. Compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, secondary elements and trace elements are each present in the compound fertilizer independently as salts of each element;
preferably, the secondary elements include calcium and magnesium;
preferably, the trace elements include molybdenum and selenium.
4. Compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that said elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are present in said compound fertilizer as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium salts, respectively;
preferably, the nitrogen salt comprises at least one of urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium polyphosphate and ammonium sulfate, preferably ammonium nitrate and ammonium polyphosphate;
preferably, the phosphate salt comprises at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, powdered rock phosphate and calcium superphosphate, preferably ammonium polyphosphate;
preferably, the potassium salt comprises at least one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, preferably potassium sulfate;
preferably, the calcium element and the magnesium element exist in the compound fertilizer as calcium salt and magnesium salt respectively;
preferably, the calcium salt comprises at least one of calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium carbonate and a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, preferably calcium sulfate;
preferably, the magnesium salt comprises at least one of magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate and magnesium ammonium phosphate, preferably anhydrous magnesium sulfate;
preferably, the molybdenum element and the selenium element exist in the compound fertilizer as molybdenum salt and selenium salt respectively;
preferably, the molybdenum salt comprises at least one of ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate and molybdenum slag, preferably comprises ammonium molybdate;
preferably, the selenium salt comprises at least one of sodium selenate, sodium selenite and selenium mineral powder, and preferably comprises sodium selenate;
preferably, the allulose is present in the compound fertilizer as a monosaccharide.
5. The compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said trace elements further include boron, iron, manganese and zinc;
preferably, the boron element is present in the compound fertilizer as boric acid;
preferably, the iron element, the manganese element and the zinc element are respectively present in the compound fertilizer as EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated manganese and EDTA chelated zinc.
6. The compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-400 parts of ammonium nitrate, 100-150 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 350-500 parts of potassium sulfate, 50-70 parts of calcium sulfate, 40-100 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 6-13 parts of boric acid, 1-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-4 parts of sodium selenate, 5-20 parts of humic acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of allulose, 2-8 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 5-20 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 2-8 parts of EDTA chelated zinc;
preferably, the compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 364 parts of ammonium nitrate, 125 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 400 parts of potassium sulfate, 65 parts of calcium sulfate, 50 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 11.43 parts of boric acid, 1.85 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2.39 parts of sodium selenate, 10 parts of humic acid, 1 part of allulose, 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese and 6.67 parts of EDTA chelated zinc.
7. The compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, further comprising 80-160 parts of urea;
preferably, the urea comprises molten urine.
8. A preparation method of a compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
and mixing the raw materials uniformly, granulating, and drying to obtain the compound fertilizer.
9. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, further comprising the step of adding urea for melting after the raw materials are mixed uniformly and before granulation;
preferably, the melting temperature is 40-50 ℃, and preferably 45 ℃;
preferably, the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, and preferably 70 ℃.
10. Application of the compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-7 in preparation of fertilizer products for solanaceous vegetables.
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