CN102229511B - Rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer and production method thereof - Google Patents
Rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer and a production method thereof. A long-acting part of the rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer comprises raw materials of, by weight, 15-20% of urea, 5-10% of ammonium sulfate, 5-10% of ammonium chloride, 5-15% of monoammonium phosphate, 8-15% of calcium magnesium phosphate, 10-20% of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, 10-15% of waste residues left from iron selection of pyrite smelting slag, 25-50% of humic acid, 5-25% of phosphogypsum and 5-12% of dolomite powder; A rapid part comprises raw materials of, by weight, humic acid urea prepared from 20-30% of urea and 40-50% of instant humic acid, 5-15% of monoammonium phosphate, 10-20% of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, 0.5-1% of borax, 1-3% of zinc sulfate, 2-5% of magnesium sulfate, 0.2-1% of copper sulfate and 0.01-0.05% of ammonium molybdate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rapid long-acting fertilizer and production method thereof that a kind of agriculture production is used, belong to the production of compound fertilizer technical field.
Background technology
The fertilizer efficiency period of the existing Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of China is due to the restriction that is subjected to nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and fertilizer efficiency period is all very short, is generally 50-60 days, can not satisfy crop whole breeding time to the demand of nutrient, has limited the enthusiasm that the peasant selects Chemical Mixed Fertilizer.Also have the following disadvantages: plant recovery of nutrient is low, the fertilizer nutrient proportioning is unreasonable etc.According to surveying and determination, the common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of China is utilization ratio less than 29% then, has not only reduced the whole application effect of fertilizer, and has improved peasant's input cost more than 10 percentage points than external product is low, has increased peasant burden; In the present Chemical Mixed Fertilizer market of China, maximum with the proportion that the fertilizer of 15:15:15 type is shared, this nutrient proportioning can only be suitable for base manure to be used, and in agriculture production, increasing the requirement simplified fertilization program, and this conventional fertilizers can not adapt to the needs of production.Unreasonable configuration and the disorderly competition of scope of the enterprise in addition hindered the fast development of China composite fertilizer industry.
Based on the problem of above existence, the compound fertilizer enterprises of China wants the heel of stopping, and tries to achieve development, must use of the new technology to improve the quality of products, and then improve the competitive power in market.Must accelerate to improve the process of chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and improvement chemical fertilizer environmental pollution, to adapt to the requirement of 21 century high-efficiency agriculture development.The key subject of the agricultural of development high yield, high-quality, environment harmony as present China, must walk a development release and release control fertilizer and stable fertilizer, the controlled chemical fertilizer material innovation road that advances fertilizer to discharge.Advance composite fertilizer's controlledization innovation system, by innovative technology, control the time of releasing of nutrient, and then reach the method for supplying with required fertilizer nutrient according to the plant growth needs.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer and production method thereof, to overcome the deficiencies such as the fertilizer efficiency period that prior art exists is short, plant recovery of nutrient is low, the fertilizer nutrient proportioning is unreasonable.
Rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer of the present invention is by the following technical solutions: long-acting part comprises the raw material of following weight ratio: urea 15-20%, ammonium sulfate 5-10%, ammonium chloride 5-10%, monoammonium phosphate 5-15, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8-15%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10-20%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 10-15%, humic acid 25-50% after iron, phosphogypsum 5-25%, ground dolomite 5-12%; Quick-acting parts comprise the raw material of following weight ratio: contain the UHA that urea 20-30% and instantly-soluble humic acid 40-50% make, monoammonium phosphate 5-10%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10-20%, borax 0.5-1%, zinc sulfate 1-3%, sal epsom 2-5%, copper sulfate 0.2-1%, ammonium molybdate 0.01-0.05%.
Specifically, described long-acting part comprises the raw material of following weight ratio: urea 15%, ammonium sulfate 5%, ammonium chloride 5%, monoammonium phosphate 5%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 10% after iron, humic acid 25%, phosphogypsum 5%, ground dolomite 5%; Quick-acting parts comprise the raw material of following weight ratio: contain the UHA that urea 20% and instantly-soluble humic acid 40% are made, monoammonium phosphate 5%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, borax 0.5%, zinc sulfate 1%, sal epsom 2%, copper sulfate 0.2%, ammonium molybdate 0.01%.
Described long-acting part comprises the raw material of following weight ratio: urea 20%, ammonium sulfate 10%, ammonium chloride 10%, monoammonium phosphate 15%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 15%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 15% after iron, humic acid 50%, phosphogypsum 25%, ground dolomite 12%; Quick-acting parts comprise the raw material of following weight ratio: contain the UHA that urea 30% and instantly-soluble humic acid 50% are made, monoammonium phosphate 10%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, borax 1%, zinc sulfate 3%, sal epsom 5%, copper sulfate 1%, ammonium molybdate 0.05%.
Described pyrite cinder selects after iron Fe in waste residue
2O
3Content 〉=30%.
The production method of rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer of the present invention is by the following technical solutions: the raw material of described long-acting part is through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, the release-controlled coated work in-process that make; The raw material of quick-acting parts makes work in-process through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening; Measure the hybrid packed finished product that makes according to various crop growth characteristics in the ratio of long-acting part 60-90% and quick-acting part 40-10%.
Described instantly-soluble humic acid is to add sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide to add the water boiling humic acid to make sodium humate or potassium humate, its solubleness 〉=98% again
The present invention is to the effect of plant and advanced plant nutrition theory according to humic acid, and in conjunction with production level and the present situation of China's Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, develop a kind of quick-acting, long-acting, environmental protection, fertilizer cheaply, it not only contains the large elemental nitrogen of plant-growth necessary three, phosphorus, potassium, but also contain the multiple middle trace elements such as Calcium Magnesium Sulphur, iron, boron, silicon, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, copper, be rich in again and can promote crop that above-mentioned mineral nutrient element is absorbed, increases substantially the humic acid of utilization rate of fertilizer, and comprise the organic matter that China's big area soil is lacked.
Humic acid contains the various active functional gene, can strengthen to make object hydrogen peroxide enzyme, and the activity of polyphenoloxidase stimulates physiological metabolism, enhancing development.Can impel seed to germinate ahead of time as humic acid, seedling rate is high, and is particularly remarkable at low temperatures; Can stimulate division and the growth of the extreme meristematic cell of root system, make the seedling root of hair fast, this takes root many, and the root amount increases, and root elongation increases Crop moisture, nutrient ability.Therefore, nutrient supply is sufficient, and stem of plant is healthy and strong, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion soon, and photosynthesis strengthens, and accelerates nutrient and shifts to sporophore, promotes that crop shifts to an earlier date painted maturation.Humic acid contains carboxyl, and there are stronger ion-exchange and adsorptive power in the functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl group, can make the carbon ammonium reduce the loss of ammonium nitrogen, improves N fertilizer utilization rate.Through the nitro humus acid of oxidative degradation, can suppress to urinate the enzyme activity, reduce the urea volatilization.The nitro humus acid of degraded increases the distance that phosphorus moves in soil, suppress soil to water-soluble phosphorus fixation, makes rapid available phosphorus be converted into slow effect phosphorus, promotes root system to the absorption of phosphorus.Humic acid functional group can absorb the storage potassium ion, and potash fertilizer is slowly decomposed, and increases the burst size of potassium, improves the content of available potassium.Huge legendary turtle can occur and close reaction in humic acid and insoluble trace element, generates the humic acid trace element huge legendary turtle compound that solvability well can be absorbed by crops, thereby is conducive to root system and Foliage Absorption trace element.Humic acid can promote the formation of soil aggregate, regulate P in soil H value, regulate the soil water, fertilizer, gas, thermal conditions, improve the soil exchange capacity, reach acid base equilibrium, improve the soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability, promote the activity of soil microorganisms, bacterium, the actinomycetes of aerobic property, the quantity of cellulose-decomposing bacterium are increased, accelerate the decomposition and inversion of organic substance, promote nutritive element to discharge, be convenient to Crop nutrition.Humic acid can reduce the plant leaf seven apertures in the human head and open intensity, reduces the blade face transpiration, thereby has kept the water yield, and the interior water regime of plant body is improved, and guarantees crop normal growth growth under drought condition, strengthens drought resistance.Humic acid mostly is amphotytoid, and surfactivity is large, and fungi is had restraining effect, can strengthen crop hole cold, is easily adsorbed by cytolemma, changes seeing through property of cytolemma, promotes the absorption of inorganic nutrients, prevents canker, root rot, reduces disease and pest.
Humic acid can form complex compound or huge legendary turtle compound with trace element, increase trace element from root to leaf section or the quantity of other position running, regulate ratio and the equilibrium condition of major element and trace element, strengthen enzyme to the synthetic running of sugar, starch, protein, fat and various VITAMIN.Can promote the activity of enzyme, make polysaccharide be converted into Soluble Monosaccharide, the dynamic accumulation of starch, protein, fatty substance is increased, the Primary product that accelerates various metabolism turns round to fruit and seed from cauline leaf or root, makes fruit plentiful, abundant.
Compared with prior art, originally to invent and have the following advantages:
1, fertilizer efficiency period is long, has certain controllability.Controlled availability fertilizer is supplied with the nutrient validity period can reach 110-120 days, can satisfy the most farm crop of China time of infertility to the demand of nutrient, the length of validity period can regulate and control in 50-120 days, and can adjust according to Different Crop, different soils, Different climate condition.
2, plant recovery of nutrient is high.Controlled availability fertilizer is taked to control and is discharged and the technical system of protecting validity to combine; its release is coordinated mutually with the plant growth demand; thereby improved utilization ratio; average plant recovery of nutrient can reach 42-45%; wherein to reach 40-45%, phosphorus utilization be that the utilization ratio of 20-30%, potassium reaches 30-40% to nitrogen utilization efficiency, improves 12-20 percentage point than common fertilizer utilization ratio.
3, amount of increase in production is large, and crop bar alive is ripe.Controlled availability fertilizer is applied on Different Crop, and effect of increasing production is obvious.The test-results demonstration, the Different Crop amount of increase in production is as follows: corn can reach 19.9%, and paddy rice can reach 21.0%, and spring wheat can reach 15.3%, and winter wheat can reach 10%.
4, the pollution of reduction to environment.Controlled availability fertilizer is by increasing operation rate, reduced the pollution to water body and atmosphere of nitrate radical, nitrite anions and Nitrous Oxide, avoid the thermosetting of traditional coated fertilizer shell, thermoplastic resin material pollution of circulation, provide technical support for reducing the pollution of area source that causes that applies fertilizer.
Fertilizer is to drop into maximum class capital goods in the agricultural sector in modern agricultural production, accounts for 1/2nd of the total input of agriculture production.Estimate according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO, the effect of fertilizer in the agricultural-food volume increase accounts for 40-60%.Therefore, fertilizer is described as grain " grain ".Solve the food shortage problem, the effect of fertilizer can not be ignored.Middle national expenditures only accounts for the arable land in the world 7% and supports the population that accounts for the world 22%, and the contribution of fertilizer is performed meritorious deeds never to be obliterated.China for a long time, the chemical fertilizers production kind is single, take the instant chemical fertilizer of lower concentration simple substance as main, the instant bicarbonate of ammonia of the lower concentration in nitrogenous fertilizer still accounts for 48% left and right, high concentration urea accounts for 43% left and right, effect composite fertilizer preferably only accounts for 10% left and right of chemical fertilizer ultimate production.And the nutrient releasing speed of these fertilizer can not manual control, and release rate is too fast, and crop has little time to absorb, and loss is serious.
Chemical Mixed Fertilizer has obtained developing rapidly in China in recent years, particularly nearly 5 years, output has been turned over some substantially on original basis, but ratio still only has the 28%-30% left and right of total fertile amount, differ nearly more than 30 percentage points with 60% left and right of developed country, in addition, the wretched insufficiency that technical elements exists is also one of bottleneck that restricts the development of Chinese composite fertilizer.
Rapid long-acting humic acid multi-element fertilizer is a kind of long-acting compound fertilizer that can satisfy the single fertilization needs thus, all problems that exists in the fertiliser production have been solved, make effect and the two items of price of this product reach the acceptable world lead level of agriculture production, the application of this fertilizer technology has not only improved the product structure of fertilizer enterprise, increase the proportion of high-tech product, and improved the market competitiveness and the benefit of enterprise.The key subject of the agricultural of development high yield, high-quality, environment harmony as present China, must walk a development rapid long-acting fertilizer and stable fertilizer, the controlled chemical fertilizer material innovation road that advances fertilizer to discharge.Advance composite fertilizer's controlledization innovation system, by this innovative technology, control the time of releasing of nutrient, and then reach the method for supplying with required fertilizer nutrient according to the plant growth needs.
Development by rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer, be applied to make in Industry Promotion positive useful exploration, obtained good economic and social benefit.Be the progress of agricultural, allow more peasant use novel two effect (quick-acting, long-acting) fertilizer, for the peasant has created considerable economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention:
The present invention consists of like this: it is to be mixed with the weight ratio of waste residue after humic acid and pyrite cinder choosing with 25-50%:10-15%, be equipped with again in N,P,K fertilizers and other trace element and process and be long-acting work in-process and quick-acting work in-process, more by a certain percentage two kinds of work in-process are measured the hybrid packed product that makes according to various plant growth characteristics.
Specifically, it can select waste residue 10% after iron, humic acid 25%, phosphogypsum 5%, ground dolomite 5% by a certain percentage through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, release-controlled coated making (long-acting) work in-process with urea 15%, ammonium sulfate 5%, ammonium chloride 5%, monoammonium phosphate 5%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, pyrite cinder.Make UHA with urea 20% and instantly-soluble humic acid 40% again, add monoammonium phosphate 5%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, borax 0.5%, zinc sulfate 1%, sal epsom 2%, copper sulfate 0.2%, ammonium molybdate 0.01% by a certain percentage through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, sieve, make (quick-acting) work in-process.Account in long-acting part the ratio that 60-80% and quick-acting part account for 40-20% according to various crop growth characteristics and measure the hybrid packed product that makes.
In particular, it can also select waste residue 15% after iron, humic acid 50%, phosphogypsum 25%, ground dolomite 12% by a certain percentage through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, release-controlled coated making (long-acting) work in-process with urea 20%, ammonium sulfate 10%, ammonium chloride 10%, monoammonium phosphate 15%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 15%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, pyrite cinder.Make UHA with urea 30% and instantly-soluble humic acid 50% again, add monoammonium phosphate 10%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, borax 1%, zinc sulfate 3%, sal epsom 5%, copper sulfate 1%, ammonium molybdate 0.05% by a certain percentage through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, sieve, make (quick-acting) work in-process.Account in long-acting part the ratio that 70-90% and quick-acting part account for 30-10% according to various crop growth characteristics and measure the hybrid packed product that makes.
Above-described qualified humic acid, content of humic acid 〉=40%, organic content 〉=80%, moisture≤30%.
Above-described pyrite cinder selects after iron Fe in waste residue
2O
3Content 〉=30%.
The production method of instantly-soluble humic acid of the present invention: be to add sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide to add the water boiling qualified humic acid to make sodium humate or potassium humate, its solubleness answers 〉=98%, is the instantly-soluble humic acid again.
Claims (6)
1. rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer, it is characterized in that: long-acting part is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: urea 15-20%, ammonium sulfate 5-10%, ammonium chloride 5-10%, monoammonium phosphate 5-15%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8-15%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10-20%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 10-15%, humic acid 25-50% after iron, phosphogypsum 5-25%, ground dolomite 5-12%; Quick-acting parts are comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: contain the UHA that urea 20-30% and instantly-soluble humic acid 40-50% make, monoammonium phosphate 5-10%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10-20%, borax 0.5-1%, zinc sulfate 1-3%, sal epsom 2-5%, copper sulfate 0.2-1%, ammonium molybdate 0.01-0.05%; Wherein long-acting part makes by release-controlled coated method.
2. rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: long-acting part is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: urea 15%, ammonium sulfate 5%, ammonium chloride 5%, monoammonium phosphate 5%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 10% after iron, humic acid 25%, phosphogypsum 5%, ground dolomite 5%; Quick-acting parts are comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: contain the UHA that urea 20% and instantly-soluble humic acid 40% are made, monoammonium phosphate 5%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, borax 0.5%, zinc sulfate 1%, sal epsom 2%, copper sulfate 0.2%, ammonium molybdate 0.01%.
3. rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: long-acting part is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: urea 20%, ammonium sulfate 10%, ammonium chloride 10%, monoammonium phosphate 15%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 15%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 15% after iron, humic acid 50%, phosphogypsum 25%, ground dolomite 12%; Quick-acting parts are comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: contain the UHA that urea 30% and instantly-soluble humic acid 50% are made, monoammonium phosphate 10%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, borax 1%, zinc sulfate 3%, sal epsom 5%, copper sulfate 1%, ammonium molybdate 0.05%.
4. according to claim 1-3 described rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizers of arbitrary claim is characterized in that: pyrite cinder selects after iron Fe in waste residue
2O
3Content 〉=30%.
5. the production method of the described rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer of claim as arbitrary in claim 1~3 is characterized in that: the raw material of long-acting part is through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, the release-controlled coated work in-process that make; The raw material of quick-acting parts makes work in-process through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening; Measure the hybrid packed finished product that makes according to various crop growth characteristics in the ratio of long-acting part 60-90% and quick-acting part 40-10%.
6. the production method of rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the instantly-soluble humic acid is to add sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide to add the water boiling humic acid to make sodium humate or potassium humate, its solubleness 〉=98% again.
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