CN114368994A - Inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114368994A CN114368994A CN202111568107.2A CN202111568107A CN114368994A CN 114368994 A CN114368994 A CN 114368994A CN 202111568107 A CN202111568107 A CN 202111568107A CN 114368994 A CN114368994 A CN 114368994A
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 63
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 44
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 30
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 18
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000053095 fungal pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000000005 bacterial plant pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002508 compound effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000000004 fungal plant pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001863 plant nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/27—Dispersions, e.g. suspensions or emulsions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of silicon fertilizer preparation, in particular to an inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving salinized soil and a preparation method thereof, wherein the inorganic silicon fertilizer comprises a liquid silicon fertilizer, a colloidal silicon fertilizer and a pH regulator, and the mass ratio of the liquid silicon fertilizer to the colloidal silicon fertilizer is (2-3): (1-2); the pH regulator is used for regulating the pH of the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer to 2-3; the liquid silicon fertilizer consists of water and a silicon source according to the mass ratio (6-8) to 1; the colloidal silicon fertilizer consists of a colloidal solution and a silicon source according to a mass ratio of (3-4) to 1; the silicon source comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of silicon dioxide, 15-25 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of soil loosening agent and 12-18 parts of clay mineral. The preparation method has the advantage of improving the utilization rate of the silicon fertilizer by the plants.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of silicon fertilizer preparation, in particular to an inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Soil is the foundation of agricultural production and is the key for crops to live. In recent years, due to the fact that chemical fertilizers are applied to the land in successive years, the quality of agricultural land in China tends to develop towards the direction of barrenness and desertification, and the phenomenon that the tiltability of the land is poor and the harder the land is, the more hardened the land is, the easier hardening is to occur. The silicon fertilizer is a fourth major element fertilizer after nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by the international soil boundary. The scientific and reasonable selection of the silicon fertilizer has important promotion effects on the improvement of the pH value of soil, the promotion of organic substances, the strengthening of soil fertility and the saving of cost; the inorganic silicon fertilizer has good effects on adjusting the pH value of soil, passivating heavy metals in the soil, separating probiotics in the soil and the like, so that the inorganic silicon fertilizer is used for improving saline-alkali cultivated land, improving the growth environment quality of crops, improving the soil structure, loosening the soil quality and promoting the development of plant roots, and is an important link for realizing high-quality sustainable development of agricultural production.
In view of the above technical solutions, the inventors consider that: the existing inorganic silicon fertilizer is usually made of solid particles, and is not easily absorbed by plants after being added into soil, so that the promotion effect of the inorganic silicon fertilizer on the growth of the plants is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the utilization rate of inorganic silicon fertilizer by plants, the application provides the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the salinized soil and the preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides an inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the salinized soil comprises a liquid silicon fertilizer, a colloidal silicon fertilizer and a pH regulator, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid silicon fertilizer to the colloidal silicon fertilizer is (2-3): (1-2); the pH regulator is used for regulating the pH of the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer to 2-3; the liquid silicon fertilizer consists of water and a silicon source according to the mass ratio (6-8) to 1; the colloidal silicon fertilizer consists of a colloidal solution and a silicon source according to a mass ratio of (3-4) to 1; the silicon source comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of silicon dioxide, 15-25 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of soil loosening agent and 12-18 parts of clay mineral.
By adopting the technical scheme, the silicon dioxide, the humic acid, the soil loosening agent and the clay mineral are mixed to form a silicon source, and the saline-alkali soil contains a large amount of metal ions which are easy to destroy the ion balance in the plant cells and inhibit the physiological metabolism process in the plant cells; the addition of the silicon element is beneficial to improving the photosynthesis and chlorophyll content of the plant, and simultaneously, after the plant absorbs the silicon element, silicified cells can be formed in vivo, so that the cell wall in vivo is thickened, and the damage of metal ions to cells in the plant is reduced; the inorganic silicon fertilizer is prepared by compounding the liquid silicon fertilizer and the colloidal silicon fertilizer, and the liquid silicon fertilizer is easy to contact with plants and be absorbed by the plants after being applied to the soil, so that the utilization rate of the silicon fertilizer by the plants is improved; meanwhile, the colloidal silicon fertilizer can release the silicon source in the saline-alkali soil for a long time through the wrapping effect of the colloidal solution on the silicon source, so that the fertilizer efficiency of the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer is prolonged, and the inorganic silicon fertilizer can have a long-term growth promoting effect on plants; therefore, the compound effect of the liquid silicon fertilizer and the colloidal silicon fertilizer improves the utilization rate of the silicon fertilizer by the plants and simultaneously leads the inorganic silicon fertilizer to have long-term growth promoting effect on the plants.
The prepared silicon fertilizer is mainly used for improving saline-alkali soil, the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is higher, and the pH regulator can regulate the pH value of the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer to be 2-3, so that the inorganic silicon fertilizer can neutralize the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil, and plants can grow in the saline-alkali soil more easily; after the inorganic silicon fertilizer prepared by the method is added into soil, the physical structure, the chemical property and the biological property of the soil are improved, and the three aspects are organically coupled, so that the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer has a better improvement effect on the saline-alkali soil; the inorganic silicon fertilizer contains various necessary micronutrients for plant growth, can be used in a subtractive manner with common fertilizers when being used for improving saline-alkali soil, achieves the effects of increasing the yield of crops and improving the quality of the crops, also reduces the use of chemical fertilizers in soil improvement and reduces the agricultural cost.
Preferably, the colloidal solution is prepared from at least one of carboxymethyl chitosan and polyacrylamide and water according to the mass ratio of (2-4): (9-10).
By adopting the technical scheme, as at least one of carboxymethyl chitosan and polyacrylamide is mixed with water to prepare the colloidal solution, the colloidal solution is mixed with the silicon source to wrap the silicon source, so that the fertilizer efficiency of the colloidal silicon fertilizer can be slowly released, and the fertilizer efficiency duration of the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer is further prolonged; meanwhile, the colloidal solution can also be combined with metal ions in the soil to form flocculent gel, so that soil particles are cemented, and the number of water-stable aggregates in the soil is increased, thereby improving the water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions of the soil, achieving the effects of water and fertilizer retention and soil loosening, and being beneficial to the extension of plant roots; meanwhile, the carbon sink capacity of a crop ecosystem can be improved; by adjusting the mass ratio of the carboxymethyl chitosan or polyacrylamide to water, when the water content is excessive, the prepared gel has poor viscosity, the silicon source is not sufficiently wrapped, and the slow release effect of the colloidal silicon fertilizer is reduced; when the water content is less, the prepared colloidal solution has overlarge viscosity, so that the colloidal silicon fertilizer is easy to agglomerate and is difficult to disperse, and the distribution uniformity of the inorganic silicon fertilizer in the soil is influenced, therefore, the prepared colloidal solution has a good wrapping effect on a silicon source by adjusting the mass ratio of the carboxymethyl chitosan or polyacrylamide to the water, and the growth effect of plants can be further promoted.
Preferably, the colloidal solution is prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylamide and water according to a mass ratio of (1-2): (1-2): (9-10).
By adopting the technical scheme, the carboxymethyl chitosan has a certain inhibiting effect on pathogenic fungi of plants, and can also block the germination and growth of spores of plant pathogenic fungi, play a role in sterilizing the plants and promote the growth of the plants; the polyacrylamide can interact with water to form a sticky floccule effect, so that the skinning of soil is inhibited, the infiltration capacity of the soil is increased, the effect of the inorganic silicon fertilizer on infiltrating into the soil is improved, and the effect of the inorganic silicon fertilizer on plants is further improved; therefore, the carboxymethyl chitosan, the polyacrylamide and the water are compounded to prepare the colloidal solution, so that the long-term release of the fertilizer effect of the inorganic silicon fertilizer is controlled, meanwhile, the plants are not easily damaged by germs in the growth process, the absorption effect of the plants on the inorganic silicon fertilizer is improved, and the growth of the plants is promoted.
Preferably, the silica is porous silica.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme for when colloidal solution wrapped up the silicon source, porous structure had increased the area of contact of silica with colloidal solution, made colloidal solution more firm to the parcel effect of silica, thereby further improved the slow-release effect of colloidal silicon fertilizer, thereby made the fertile effect of colloidal silicon fertilizer more permanent.
Preferably, the humic acid is prepared from at least one of turf and weathered coal and activated carbon according to a mass ratio of (3-5): (2-3).
By adopting the technical scheme, because the grass peat and the weathered coal contain a large amount of humic acid, the humic acid can generate organic acid or intermediate products in the decomposition process, and the fixation of calcium phosphate in soil is effectively inhibited; meanwhile, the physiological active substances generated in the decomposition process of the humic acid can be accumulated around the root system, so that the growth of the plant root system is promoted, and the activity of the plant root system is improved; the active carbon has a loose and porous structure and good air permeability, so that the air permeability of soil can be improved; meanwhile, the activated carbon has a strong chelating effect on metal ions in the soil, the porous structure also increases the surface area of the activated carbon in contact with the soil, and the destructive effect of the metal ions on the ion balance in plant cells can be further reduced; therefore, at least one of the grass peat and the weathered coal is compounded with the active carbon, so that the content of humic acid in soil is increased, and the growth of plants is promoted.
Preferably, the humic acid is prepared from grass peat, weathered coal and activated carbon according to a mass ratio of (2-3): (1-2): (2-3).
By adopting the technical scheme, the grass carbon is light in weight and good in air permeability and water retention; simultaneously the weathered coal compares the grass peat, and its own exchange capacity and the complex ability to the ion are higher, consequently through mixing grass peat, weathered coal and active carbon for when the humic acid of preparation has good ventilative water retention property, also make the humic acid of preparation have good exchange and complex effect to the metal ion in the saline and alkaline land, reduce the harm of metal ion to plant cell, thereby further improve the promotion effect of the inorganic silicon fertilizer of preparation to the growth of plant.
Preferably, the pH regulator is prepared from citric acid and acetic acid according to a mass ratio of (2-3): (1-2).
By adopting the technical scheme, the acetic acid has the effects of promoting plant rooting and plant nutrition delivery while adjusting the pH value of the inorganic silicon fertilizer, and can offset the adverse effect of saline-alkali soil on plants; the citric acid can improve the structure of the soil and increase the proportion of micro-aggregates in the soil while neutralizing the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil, so that the air permeability and the water storage property of the soil are improved; therefore, the pH regulator is prepared by compounding citric acid and acetic acid, so that the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil is improved, and the growth of plants on the saline-alkali soil is promoted.
Preferably, the silicon source further comprises a microbial agent, and the microbial agent is prepared from bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium according to the viable count (3-4): (2-3); the number of viable bacteria added in each gram of the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer is not less than 1 hundred million.
By adopting the technical scheme, the microbial agent consisting of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus megatherium is added, and the bacillus subtilis can secrete abundant substances such as oligosaccharide, polysaccharide, polyamino acid, enzymes and the like in soil, so that the stress resistance and the saline-alkali resistance of a plant root system to the soil environment are enhanced; the bacillus megaterium can secrete and synthesize various organic acids, enzymes and physiological active substances, dissolve calcium, phosphorus, potassium, aluminum, silicon salts and the like which are not easily absorbed by plants in the soil, and promote the utilization of ineffective phosphorus and potassium in the soil; by adding the microbial agent, necessary nutrients are provided for the growth of plants, and meanwhile, the dissolution and utilization of inorganic salts which are not easily absorbed by the plants in the soil can be accelerated, so that the growth process of the plants is further improved.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing the silicon dioxide, the humic acid, the soil loosening agent and the clay mineral to prepare a silicon source;
s2, mixing the silicon source prepared in the step S1 with the colloidal solution to prepare a colloidal silicon fertilizer; then, taking the silicon source prepared in the step S1, and mixing the silicon source with water to prepare a liquid silicon fertilizer;
s3, mixing the colloidal silicon fertilizer prepared in the step S2 with the liquid silicon fertilizer to prepare a compound material;
s4, dropwise adding a pH regulator into the compound material prepared in the step S3, and regulating the pH value of the compound material to 2-3 to obtain the compound material.
By adopting the technical scheme, the silicon fertilizer, the humic acid, the soil loosening agent and the clay mineral are mixed to prepare a silicon source, and then the silicon source is used for preparing the colloidal silicon fertilizer and the liquid silicon fertilizer, so that the colloidal silicon fertilizer and the liquid silicon fertilizer are mixed to prepare the inorganic silicon fertilizer, the absorption and utilization efficiency of plants on the inorganic silicon fertilizer is improved, and the fertilizer efficiency duration of the inorganic silicon fertilizer is also improved; and finally, dropwise adding a pH regulator, and regulating the pH value of the prepared compound mixture, so that after the inorganic silicon fertilizer is added into the saline-alkali soil, the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil is neutralized, the damage of the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil to plant growth and germination is reduced, and the germination rate and the survival rate of plants are improved.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
because the inorganic silicon fertilizer is compounded by the liquid silicon fertilizer and the colloidal silicon fertilizer, the liquid silicon fertilizer is easily absorbed by plants after being applied to soil, and the utilization rate of the inorganic silicon fertilizer by the plants is improved; meanwhile, the fertilizer efficiency of the inorganic silicon fertilizer can be continuously and slowly released for a long time through the wrapping effect of the colloidal solution on the silicon source, so that long-acting fertilizer efficiency support is provided for plants; meanwhile, the pH value of the inorganic silicon fertilizer is adjusted to 2-3 by using the pH regulator, so that the silicon fertilizer can provide nutrients for the saline-alkali soil and neutralize the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil, and the germination rate and the survival rate of plants on the saline-alkali soil are improved.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The silicon dioxide used in the application is porous silicon dioxide, and the content of the silicon dioxide is 99.9 percent;
the colloid solution comprises carboxymethyl chitosan and polyacrylamide, and the CAS number of the carboxymethyl chitosan is 83512-85-0; the CAS number of the polyacrylamide is 9003-05-8; when the colloidal solution consists of carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylamide and water together, the colloidal solution is prepared by mixing the mass sum of carboxymethyl chitosan and polyacrylamide with water according to the mass ratio of (2-4): (9-10);
the humic acid consists of grass peat, active carbon and weathered coal, and the content of organic matters in the grass peat is 45%; the grain diameter of the used active carbon is 200 meshes; the organic matter content of the weathered coal is 70 percent;
when the humic acid consists of grass peat, weathered coal and active carbon, the humic acid is prepared by mixing the mass sum of the grass peat and the weathered coal with the active carbon according to the mass ratio (3-5): (2-3);
the pH regulator is prepared by mixing citric acid and acetic acid, wherein the CAS number of the citric acid is 77-92-9; the CAS number of the acetic acid used is 64-19-7;
the soil loosening agent is seaweed extract, and the content of organic matters in the seaweed extract is 20%;
the microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis and bacillus megatherium, the bacillus subtilis is a too resistant bacillus subtilis produced by Shanghai Jinniu information technology Limited company, and the number of viable bacteria is 1 hundred million/g; the used bacillus megaterium is bacillus megaterium powder produced by Weifang Rui biological technology Limited, and the number of viable bacteria is 1000 hundred million/g;
the clay mineral is prepared from montmorillonite and perlite according to the mass ratio of 2: 1; the particle size of the perlite used was 6mm, and the CAS number of the montmorillonite used was 1318-93-0.
Example 1
The preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
s1, putting 25kg of silicon dioxide, 15kg of humic acid, 5kg of soil loosening agent and 12kg of clay mineral into a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle together for mixing to prepare a silicon source; the humic acid is prepared from turf and active carbon according to a mass ratio of 3: 2, preparing a composition; the clay mineral is composed of montmorillonite and perlite according to the mass ratio of 2: 1; the soil loosening agent is seaweed extract;
s2, putting the silicon source and the colloidal solution prepared in the step S1 into a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle together, stirring for 30min, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring paddle is set to be 30r/min, and preparing the colloidal silicon fertilizer; the mass ratio of the used colloidal solution to the silicon source is 3.5:1, and the used colloidal solution is prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan and water according to the mass ratio of 2: 9 is prepared; then taking a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle, adding the silicon source prepared in the step S1 and water into the stirring barrel together according to the mass ratio of 1:7, stirring for 20min, and setting the stirring speed of the stirring paddle to be 30r/min to prepare the liquid silicon fertilizer;
s3, taking a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle, putting the colloidal silicon fertilizer and the liquid silicon fertilizer prepared in the step S2 into the stirring barrel together, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring paddle is set to be 10r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to prepare a compound material; the mass ratio of the colloid silicon fertilizer to the liquid silicon fertilizer is 2: 2;
s4, adding a pH regulator into the compound material prepared in the step S3, and regulating the pH value of the compound material to 2.5 to obtain the compound material; the pH regulator is prepared from citric acid and acetic acid according to a mass ratio of 2: 1.
Example 2
The preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
s1, putting 35kg of silicon dioxide, 25kg of humic acid, 10kg of soil loosening agent and 18kg of clay mineral into a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle together for mixing to prepare a silicon source; the humic acid is prepared from turf and active carbon according to a mass ratio of 3: 2, preparing a composition; the clay mineral is composed of montmorillonite and perlite according to the mass ratio of 2: 1; the soil loosening agent is seaweed extract;
s2, putting the silicon source and the colloidal solution prepared in the step S1 into a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle together, stirring for 30min, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring paddle is set to be 30r/min, and preparing the colloidal silicon fertilizer; the mass ratio of the used colloidal solution to the silicon source is 3.5:1, and the used colloidal solution is prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan and water according to the mass ratio of 2: 9 is prepared; then taking a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle, adding the silicon source prepared in the step S1 and water into the stirring barrel together according to the mass ratio of 1:7, stirring for 20min, and setting the stirring speed of the stirring paddle to be 30r/min to prepare the liquid silicon fertilizer;
s3, taking a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle, putting the colloidal silicon fertilizer and the liquid silicon fertilizer prepared in the step S2 into the stirring barrel together, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring paddle is set to be 10r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to prepare a compound material; the mass ratio of the colloid silicon fertilizer to the liquid silicon fertilizer is 2: 2;
s4, adding a pH regulator into the compound material prepared in the step S3, and regulating the pH value of the compound material to 2.5 to obtain the compound material; the pH regulator is prepared from citric acid and acetic acid according to a mass ratio of 2: 1.
Example 3
The preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
s1, putting 30kg of silicon dioxide, 20kg of humic acid, 7kg of soil loosening agent and 15kg of clay mineral into a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle together for mixing to prepare a silicon source; the humic acid is prepared from turf and active carbon according to a mass ratio of 3: 2, preparing a composition; the clay mineral is composed of montmorillonite and perlite according to the mass ratio of 2: 1; the soil loosening agent is seaweed extract;
s2, putting the silicon source and the colloidal solution prepared in the step S1 into a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle together, stirring for 30min, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring paddle is set to be 30r/min, and preparing the colloidal silicon fertilizer; the mass ratio of the used colloidal solution to the silicon source is 3.5:1, and the used colloidal solution is prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan and water according to the mass ratio of 2: 9 is prepared; then taking a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle, adding the silicon source prepared in the step S1 and water into the stirring barrel together according to the mass ratio of 1:7, stirring for 20min, and setting the stirring speed of the stirring paddle to be 30r/min to prepare the liquid silicon fertilizer;
s3, taking a stirring barrel with a stirring paddle, putting the colloidal silicon fertilizer and the liquid silicon fertilizer prepared in the step S2 into the stirring barrel together, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring paddle is set to be 10r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to prepare a compound material; the mass ratio of the colloid silicon fertilizer to the liquid silicon fertilizer is 2: 2;
s4, adding a pH regulator into the compound material prepared in the step S3, and regulating the pH value of the compound material to 2.5 to obtain the compound material; the pH regulator is prepared from citric acid and acetic acid according to a mass ratio of 2: 1.
Example 4
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 3 is that the mass ratio of the colloidal silicon fertilizer to the liquid silicon fertilizer used in the step S3 is 3: 1; the rest is the same as in example 3.
Example 5
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 3 is that the mass ratio of the colloidal silicon fertilizer and the liquid silicon fertilizer used in the step S3 is 2.5: 1.5; the rest is the same as in example 3.
Example 6
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 5 is that the colloidal solution used in the step S2 is prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan and water according to a mass ratio of 4: 10; the rest is the same as in example 5.
Example 7
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 5 is that the colloidal solution used in the step S2 is prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan and water according to a mass ratio of 3: 9 is prepared; the rest is the same as in example 5.
Example 8
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 5 is that the colloidal solution used in the step S2 is prepared from polyacrylamide and water according to a mass ratio of 3: 9 is prepared; the rest is the same as in example 5.
Example 9
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 5 is that the colloidal solution used in the step S2 is prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylamide and water according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 1.5: 9 is prepared; the rest is the same as in example 5.
Example 10
The method for preparing the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil of the embodiment is different from that of the embodiment 9 in that the silica used in the step S1 is porous silica; the rest is the same as in example 9.
Example 11
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment 10 is that the humic acid used in the step S1 is prepared from turf and activated carbon according to the mass ratio of 5: 3, preparing a composition; the rest is the same as in example 10.
Example 12
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment 10 is that humic acid used in the step S1 is prepared from turf and activated carbon according to the mass ratio of 4: 2.5; the rest is the same as in example 10.
Example 13
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment 10 is that humic acid used in the step S1 is prepared from weathered coal and activated carbon according to the mass ratio of 4: 2.5; the rest is the same as in example 10.
Example 14
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment 10 is that humic acid used in the step S1 is prepared from turf, weathered coal and activated carbon according to the mass ratio of 2.5: 1.5: 2.5; the rest is the same as in example 10.
Example 15
The method for preparing the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil of the embodiment is different from that of the embodiment 14 in that the pH regulator used in the step S3 is prepared from citric acid and acetic acid according to a mass ratio of 3: 2, preparing a composition; the rest is the same as in example 14.
Example 16
The method for preparing the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil of the embodiment is different from that of the embodiment 14 in that the pH regulator used in the step S3 is prepared from citric acid and acetic acid according to a mass ratio of 2.5: 1.5; the rest is the same as in example 14.
Example 17
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 16 is that after the silicon dioxide, the humic acid, the soil bulking agent and the clay mineral are added into the stirring tank in the step S1, a microbial agent is added into the stirring tank before mixing, and the microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium according to the viable count ratio of 3: 2, preparing a composition; the addition amount of viable count in each gram of the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer is 1.5 hundred million; the rest is the same as in example 16.
Example 18
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 16 is that after the silicon dioxide, the humic acid, the soil bulking agent and the clay mineral are added into the stirring tank in the step S1, a microbial agent is added into the stirring tank before mixing, and the microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium according to the viable count ratio of 4: 3, preparing a composition; the addition amount of viable count in each gram of the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer is 1.5 hundred million; the rest is the same as in example 16.
Example 19
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 16 is that after the silicon dioxide, the humic acid, the soil bulking agent and the clay mineral are added into the stirring barrel in the step S1, the microbial agent is also added into the stirring barrel before mixing; the microbial agent is prepared from bacillus subtilis and bacillus megatherium according to the viable count ratio of 3.5: 2.5; the addition amount of viable bacteria in each gram of prepared silicon fertilizer is 1.5 hundred million; the rest is the same as in example 16.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The method for preparing the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil is different from that in the embodiment 1 in that the inorganic silicon fertilizer only contains liquid silicon fertilizer; the rest is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil of the embodiment is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that the inorganic silicon fertilizer only contains a colloidal silicon fertilizer; the rest is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the silicon fertilizer is prepared from a liquid silicon fertilizer and a colloidal silicon fertilizer according to a mass ratio of 1: 4, preparing a composition; the rest is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
The difference between the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil of the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the silicon fertilizer is prepared from a liquid silicon fertilizer and a colloidal silicon fertilizer according to a mass ratio of 5:1, preparing a composition; the rest is the same as in example 1.
Detection method
Preparing an inorganic silicon fertilizer sample by the preparation method of the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil in the embodiments 1 to 19 and the comparative examples 1 to 4, selecting a test field in Zhangcun of Longde county of Guyuan City of Ningxia Hui nationality, dividing the test field into 23 test points with the same area, selecting potato seedlings of the same variety as a test variety, and sowing 500 potato seedlings in each test point; applying the inorganic silicon fertilizer samples prepared in examples 1-19 and comparative examples 1-4 into 23 test points, wherein the amount of the applied inorganic silicon fertilizer per mu of the test points is 8 kg; the management methods adopted by each group of test points are consistent, and the survival rate of the potato seedlings in each test point is recorded to obtain table 1:
TABLE 1 test results of potatoes planted with inorganic silicon fertilizers for improving salinized soil prepared in examples 1 to 19 and comparative examples 1 to 4
| Serial number | Survival rate of seedling (%) |
| Example 1 | 89.5 |
| Example 2 | 90.0 |
| Example 3 | 91.2 |
| Example 4 | 91.6 |
| Example 5 | 92.2 |
| Example 6 | 92.3 |
| Example 7 | 92.6 |
| Example 8 | 92.8 |
| Example 9 | 93.2 |
| Example 10 | 94.0 |
| Example 11 | 94.2 |
| Example 12 | 94.9 |
| Example 13 | 94.9 |
| Example 14 | 95.4 |
| Example 15 | 95.7 |
| Example 16 | 96.3 |
| Example 17 | 98.0 |
| Example 18 | 98.7 |
| Example 19 | 99 |
| Comparative example 1 | 80.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 77.0 |
| Comparative example 3 | 84.2 |
| Comparative example 4 | 83.2 |
By combining the examples 3-5 and the comparative examples 1-4 and combining the table 1, the photosynthesis and the chlorophyll content in the potato seedlings are improved by adding the inorganic silicon fertilizer into the saline-alkali soil, and meanwhile, silicified cells are formed in the potato seedlings, so that the cell walls of the surfaces of stems and leaves are thickened, and the metal ions in the saline-alkali soil are not easy to damage the potato seedling cells; when the liquid silicon fertilizer and the colloid silicon fertilizer are adopted according to the mass ratio of 2.5:1.5, the inorganic silicon fertilizer is prepared by compounding, and when the liquid silicon fertilizer is applied to soil, the liquid silicon fertilizer is more easily contacted with and absorbed by potato seedlings, so that the utilization rate of the inorganic silicon fertilizer by the potato seedlings is improved; meanwhile, the fertilizer efficiency of the inorganic silicon fertilizer can be continuously released in the saline-alkali soil for a long time through the slow release effect of the colloidal silicon fertilizer, so that the nutrient substances in the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer can be better absorbed by the potato seedlings, and the survival rate of the potato seedlings can be promoted for a long time;
as can be seen from the combination of examples 5 to 9 and table 1, when the colloidal solution used in the colloidal silicon fertilizer is prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylamide and water in a mass ratio of 1.5: 1.5: 9, because the carboxymethyl chitosan has a certain inhibiting effect on pathogenic fungi of plants, the carboxymethyl chitosan can also block the germination and growth of spores of plant pathogenic bacteria, has a sterilization effect on potato seedlings and promotes the growth of the potato seedlings; the polyacrylamide can interact with water to form a flocculation effect, so that the skinning of soil is inhibited, the infiltration capacity of the soil is increased, the inorganic silicon fertilizer is easier to infiltrate into the soil, and the effect of the inorganic silicon fertilizer on potato seedlings is improved, therefore, the carboxymethyl chitosan, the polyacrylamide and the water are compounded to prepare a colloidal solution, so that the long-term release of the fertilizer effect of the inorganic silicon fertilizer is controlled, meanwhile, the potato seedlings are not easily damaged by germs in the growth process, and the survival rate of the potato seedlings is improved;
in combination with examples 16 to 19 and table 1, it can be seen that when the silicon source prepared is added with a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium in a mass ratio of 3.5: 2.5 when the microbial agent is prepared, the bacillus subtilis can secrete abundant substances such as oligosaccharide, polysaccharide, polyamino acid, enzymes and the like in the soil, so that the stress resistance and the saline-alkali resistance of a plant root system to the soil environment are enhanced; the bacillus megaterium can secrete and synthesize various organic acids, enzymes and physiological active substances, and dissolve calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium, aluminum, silicon salts and the like which are not easily absorbed by plants in soil; therefore, the microbial agent is added, so that the necessary nutrients are provided for the growth of the potato seedlings, and the survival rate of the potato seedlings is improved.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. An inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, which is characterized in that: the inorganic silicon fertilizer comprises a liquid silicon fertilizer, a colloidal silicon fertilizer and a pH regulator, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid silicon fertilizer to the colloidal silicon fertilizer is (2-3): (1-2); the pH regulator is used for regulating the pH of the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer to 2-3; the liquid silicon fertilizer consists of water and a silicon source according to the mass ratio (6-8) to 1; the colloidal silicon fertilizer consists of a colloidal solution and a silicon source according to a mass ratio of (3-4) to 1; the silicon source comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of silicon dioxide, 15-25 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of soil loosening agent and 12-18 parts of clay mineral.
2. The inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving salinized soil of claim 1, wherein: the colloid solution is prepared from at least one of carboxymethyl chitosan and polyacrylamide and water according to the mass ratio of (2-4): (9-10).
3. The inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving salinized soil of claim 2, wherein: the colloidal solution is prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylamide and water according to a mass ratio of (1-2): (1-2): (9-10).
4. The inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving salinized soil of claim 1, wherein: the silica is porous silica.
5. The inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving salinized soil of claim 1, wherein: the humic acid is prepared from at least one of turf and weathered coal and active carbon according to the mass ratio of (3-5): (2-3).
6. The inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving salinized soil of claim 5, wherein: the humic acid is prepared from grass peat, weathered coal and active carbon according to the mass ratio of (2-3): (1-2): (2-3).
7. The inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving salinized soil of claim 1, wherein: the pH regulator is prepared from citric acid and acetic acid according to a mass ratio of (2-3): (1-2).
8. The inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving salinized soil of claim 1, wherein: the silicon source also comprises a microbial agent, and the microbial agent is prepared from bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium according to the viable count (3-4): (2-3); the number of viable bacteria added in each gram of the prepared inorganic silicon fertilizer is not less than 1 hundred million.
9. The method for preparing the inorganic silicon fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the silicon dioxide, the humic acid, the soil loosening agent and the clay mineral to prepare a silicon source;
s2, mixing the silicon source prepared in the step S1 with the colloidal solution to prepare a colloidal silicon fertilizer; then, taking the silicon source prepared in the step S1, and mixing the silicon source with water to prepare a liquid silicon fertilizer;
s3, mixing the colloidal silicon fertilizer prepared in the step S2 with the liquid silicon fertilizer to prepare a compound material;
s4, dropwise adding a pH regulator into the compound material prepared in the step S3, and regulating the pH value of the compound material to 2-3 to obtain the compound material.
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