CN110698286A - Acidic soil conditioner and application thereof - Google Patents
Acidic soil conditioner and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110698286A CN110698286A CN201911012310.4A CN201911012310A CN110698286A CN 110698286 A CN110698286 A CN 110698286A CN 201911012310 A CN201911012310 A CN 201911012310A CN 110698286 A CN110698286 A CN 110698286A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of acid soil improvement, and particularly relates to an acid soil conditioner and application thereof. The acid soil conditioner provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40-56% of wormcast, 40-56% of humic acid raw material, 2-5% of lime and 0.1-0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum; the acid soil conditioner can be used for improving acid red soil and is applied to rice planting by matching with a wide-narrow row ridge culture cultivation method. After the acid soil conditioner disclosed by the invention is applied, the pH value of red soil can be increased, the content of organic matters in the red soil is increased, the biological function of the soil is improved, the activity of the soil enzyme is effectively improved, and the effect of increasing the yield of rice is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of acid soil improvement, and particularly relates to an acid soil conditioner and application thereof.
Background
The red soil is mainly distributed in areas such as south China, east China, China and the like, and is one of important soil types in south China. Due to the high-temperature and humid climate conditions, the red soil desilicification aluminizing process is obvious, the organic matter turnover is fast, the accumulation is less, and the red soil desilicification aluminizing method has the remarkable characteristics of acidity, stickiness, plate and infertility. Wherein, acidification is an objectively general phenomenon in red soil degradation and a typical expression form of red soil degradation, and the fertility improvement and the yield improvement of the red soil rice field are seriously restricted. In order to improve the yield of rice, the application amount of fertilizer in red soil rice field is always higher, and the excessive application of the fertilizer further causes the acidification of red soil.
In the prior art, a common method for treating red soil acidification is to apply a soil conditioner, but the existing conditioners are poor in effect due to the fact that raw materials are traditional. For example, chinese patent document CN104926565A discloses a method for preparing and applying an acidic soil conditioner, which comprises drying waste calcium mud and magnesium mud produced in the fertilizer industry respectively to reduce the water content to 13% to 15%, and mixing with commercial urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate to form the soil conditioner. The technology can achieve the effect of rapidly improving the pH value of the soil by utilizing industrial wastes, but cannot fundamentally improve the fertility of the soil, particularly the content of organic matters, and the application of the industrial wastes can cause the content of heavy metals in the soil to be increased, so that certain environmental risks exist.
In recent years, research on red soil acid improvement is receiving more and more attention, and some novel acid soil conditioners appear. However, these improving agents have high cost and complicated preparation process, and have certain effect on soil acid improvement, but have limited effect on crop yield increase, further limiting the application of the improving agents in actual production.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defects of high cost, complex preparation process, non-ideal effect, environmental risk and the like of the acid soil conditioner in the prior art, and provides an acid soil conditioner and application thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an acid soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40-56% of wormcast, 40-56% of humic acid raw material, 2-5% of lime and 0.1-0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the acid soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 48% of wormcast, 48% of humic acid raw material, 3.5% of lime and 0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum.
Further, the humic acid raw material is weathered coal or turf.
Further, the humic acid content in the weathered coal or turf is more than 45%.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the acid soil conditioner in improving red soil.
Further, the total dosage of the acid soil conditioner is 1500-1600 kg/mu.
Preferably, the total dosage of the acid soil conditioner is 1552 kg/mu.
The preparation method of the acid soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing the humic acid raw material and the wormcast, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
secondly, adding lime and a decomposition microbial inoculum into the mixture while stirring, uniformly stirring, and grinding.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the acid soil conditioner provided by the invention comprises wormcast, humic acid, lime and a decomposition microbial inoculum, and can improve the pH value of the red soil, increase the content of organic matters in the red soil, improve the biological function of the soil and effectively improve the activity of the soil enzyme; meanwhile, the lime has low content, so that soil hardening and unbalance of elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like in the soil are avoided.
2. The acid soil conditioner provided by the invention is completely applied in a broadcasting way and in a fertilizer ditch, and interlaced wide rows and narrow rows are formed among rice seedling rows, so that the application amount of the fertilizer can be reduced by 20%, and the rice yield can be improved by more than 6%.
3. The acid soil conditioner provided by the invention is cheap and easy to obtain, simple in preparation method and low in cost, and is suitable for being used in actual agricultural production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a comparison of test results of red soil pH in examples of the present invention and comparative examples.
Fig. 2 is a comparison of test results of red soil organic matter in examples of the present invention and comparative examples.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the results of the test of red soil phosphatase activity in examples of the present invention and comparative examples.
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the results of the rice yield test in the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The raw materials used in the examples and the comparative examples are all purchased from the market in a conventional way, wherein the humic acid raw material is from a processing plant of vibro-Ying mineral products in the Shou county of Hebei province, the earthworm feces is from a cooperative society of animal and poultry feces treatment specialties of chrysanthemum in the Yujiang county of Jiangxi province, the decomposition microbial inoculum is a straw decomposition agent of the limited company of the biological science and technology of Henan Yunan province, the chemical fertilizer is a compound fertilizer of the limited company of Shakefeng chemical industry of the Xikuai city of Shandong province and a compound fertilizer of the limited company of the chemical fertilizer of the middle east of Jiangs: in Yujiang county, Jiangxi province, the test time is as follows: soil application was carried out in 20 days 4-7-20 days 2019: the red soil has the basic physicochemical properties as follows: the pH is 4.50, and the organic matter is 16.5 g/kg.
Example 1
The application amount of the local conventional fertilizer is 12kg N/mu (the fertilizer is applied to one-time base application); the acid soil conditioner is 1500 kg/mu (containing 40% of wormcast, 56% of weathered coal, 3.9% of lime and 0.1% of decay microbial inoculum); returning all the rice straws to the field.
Smashing the rice straws and returning the smashed rice straws to the field, and completely spreading the acid soil conditioner; turning the soil, ridging and making furrows, wherein the height of each ridge is 15 cm, the depth of each furrow is 8 cm, the width of each furrow is 20 cm, the width of each ridge surface is 40 cm, and chemical fertilizer is applied to the furrows; rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surfaces on the two sides of the ridge, and 40 cm is formed between the seedling rows: 20 cm interwoven wide and narrow rows; after transplanting, the irrigation water just submerges the roots of the seedlings.
Example 2
The application amount of the local conventional fertilizer is 12kg N/mu (the fertilizer is applied to one-time base application); 1552 kg/mu of acid soil conditioner (containing 48% of wormcast, 48% of weathered coal, 3.5% of lime and 0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum); returning all the rice straws to the field.
Smashing the rice straws and returning the smashed rice straws to the field, and completely spreading the acid soil conditioner; turning the soil, ridging and making furrows, wherein the height of each ridge is 15 cm, the depth of each furrow is 10 cm, the width of each furrow is 20 cm, the width of each ridge surface is 40 cm, and chemical fertilizer is applied to the furrows; rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surfaces on the two sides of the ridge, and 40 cm is formed between the seedling rows: 20 cm interwoven wide and narrow rows; after transplanting, the irrigation water just submerges the roots of the seedlings.
Example 3
The application amount of the local conventional fertilizer is 12kg N/mu (the fertilizer is applied to one-time base application); 1552 kg/mu of acid soil conditioner (containing 48% of wormcast, 48% of weathered coal, 3.5% of lime and 0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum); returning all the rice straws to the field.
Smashing the rice straws and returning the smashed rice straws to the field, and completely spreading the acid soil conditioner; turning the soil, ridging and making furrows, wherein the height of each ridge is 20 cm, the depth of each furrow is 10 cm, the width of each furrow is 20 cm, the width of each ridge surface is 40 cm, and chemical fertilizer is applied to the furrows; rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surfaces on the two sides of the ridge, and 40 cm is formed between the seedling rows: 20 cm interwoven wide and narrow rows; after transplanting, the irrigation water just submerges the roots of the seedlings.
Example 4
The application amount of the local conventional fertilizer is 12kg N/mu (the fertilizer is applied to one-time base application); 1552 kg/mu of acid soil conditioner (containing 48% of wormcast, 48% of weathered coal, 3.5% of lime and 0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum); returning all the rice straws to the field.
Smashing the rice straws and returning the smashed rice straws to the field, and completely spreading the acid soil conditioner; turning the soil, ridging and making furrows, wherein the height of each ridge is 20 cm, the depth of each furrow is 15 cm, the width of each furrow is 20 cm, the width of each ridge surface is 40 cm, and chemical fertilizer is applied to the furrows; rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surfaces on the two sides of the ridge, and 40 cm is formed between the seedling rows: 20 cm interwoven wide and narrow rows; after transplanting, the irrigation water just submerges the roots of the seedlings.
Example 5
The application amount of the local conventional fertilizer is 12kg N/mu (the fertilizer is applied to one-time base application); 1600 kg/mu of acid soil conditioner (containing 56% of wormcast, 41.5% of weathered coal, 2% of lime and 0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum); returning all the rice straws to the field.
Smashing the rice straws and returning the smashed rice straws to the field, and completely spreading the acid soil conditioner; turning the soil, ridging and making furrows, wherein the height of each ridge is 20 cm, the depth of each furrow is 15 cm, the width of each furrow is 20 cm, the width of each ridge surface is 40 cm, and chemical fertilizer is applied to the furrows; rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surfaces on the two sides of the ridge, and 40 cm is formed between the seedling rows: 20 cm interwoven wide and narrow rows; after transplanting, the irrigation water just submerges the roots of the seedlings.
Example 6
The application amount of the local conventional fertilizer is 12kg N/mu (the fertilizer is applied to one-time base application); 1600 kg/mu of acid soil conditioner (containing 54.5% of wormcast, 40% of weathered coal, 5% of lime and 0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum); returning all the rice straws to the field.
Smashing the rice straws and returning the smashed rice straws to the field, and completely spreading the acid soil conditioner; turning the soil, ridging and making furrows, wherein the height of each ridge is 20 cm, the depth of each furrow is 10 cm, the width of each furrow is 20 cm, the width of each ridge surface is 40 cm, and chemical fertilizer is applied to the furrows; rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surfaces on the two sides of the ridge, and 40 cm is formed between the seedling rows: 20 cm interwoven wide and narrow rows; after transplanting, the irrigation water just submerges the roots of the seedlings.
Example 7
The application amount of the local conventional fertilizer is 12kg N/mu (the fertilizer is applied to one-time base application); 1552 kg/mu of acid soil conditioner (containing 48% of wormcast, 48% of peat, 3.5% of lime and 0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum); returning all the rice straws to the field.
Smashing the rice straws and returning the smashed rice straws to the field, and completely spreading the acid soil conditioner; turning the soil, ridging and making furrows, wherein the height of each ridge is 15 cm, the depth of each furrow is 10 cm, the width of each furrow is 20 cm, the width of each ridge surface is 40 cm, and chemical fertilizer is applied to the furrows; rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surfaces on the two sides of the ridge, and 40 cm is formed between the seedling rows: 20 cm interwoven wide and narrow rows; after transplanting, the irrigation water just submerges the roots of the seedlings.
Example 8
The application amount of the local conventional fertilizer is 12kg N/mu (the fertilizer is applied to one-time base application); 1552 kg/mu of acid soil conditioner (containing 48% of wormcast, 48% of peat, 3.5% of lime and 0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum); returning all the rice straws to the field.
Smashing the rice straws and returning the smashed rice straws to the field, and completely spreading the acid soil conditioner; turning the soil, ridging and making furrows, wherein the height of each ridge is 20 cm, the depth of each furrow is 10 cm, the width of each furrow is 20 cm, the width of each ridge surface is 40 cm, and chemical fertilizer is applied to the furrows; rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surfaces on the two sides of the ridge, and 40 cm is formed between the seedling rows: 20 cm interwoven wide and narrow rows; after transplanting, the irrigation water just submerges the roots of the seedlings.
Example 9
The application amount of the local conventional fertilizer is 12kg N/mu (the fertilizer is applied to one-time base application); the acid soil conditioner is 1500 kg/mu (containing 40% of wormcast, 56% of peat, 3.5% of lime and 0.5% of decay microbial inoculum); returning all the rice straws to the field.
Smashing the rice straws and returning the smashed rice straws to the field, and completely spreading the acid soil conditioner; turning the soil, ridging and making furrows, wherein the height of each ridge is 20 cm, the depth of each furrow is 15 cm, the width of each furrow is 20 cm, the width of each ridge surface is 40 cm, and chemical fertilizer is applied to the furrows; rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surfaces on the two sides of the ridge, and 40 cm is formed between the seedling rows: 20 cm interwoven wide and narrow rows; after transplanting, the irrigation water just submerges the roots of the seedlings.
Example 10
The application amount of the local conventional fertilizer is 12kg N/mu (the fertilizer is applied to one-time base application); 1600 kg/mu of acid soil conditioner (containing 56% of wormcast, 40% of peat, 3.5% of lime and 0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum); returning all the rice straws to the field.
Smashing the rice straws and returning the smashed rice straws to the field, and completely spreading the acid soil conditioner; turning the soil, ridging and making furrows, wherein the height of each ridge is 20 cm, the depth of each furrow is 10 cm, the width of each furrow is 20 cm, the width of each ridge surface is 40 cm, and chemical fertilizer is applied to the furrows; rice seedlings are planted on the ridge surfaces on the two sides of the ridge, and 40 cm is formed between the seedling rows: 20 cm interwoven wide and narrow rows; after transplanting, the irrigation water just submerges the roots of the seedlings.
Comparative example 1
A local conventional fertilizer, a compound fertilizer of chemical engineering gmbh applied in linyi city of Shandong province, N: p2O5：K2O15: 15: 15, the application amount is 15kg N/mu (the fertilizer application is base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer and spike fertilizer are 6:2:2, and the application amount is calculated according to the N amount); spreading fertilizer, conventionally ploughing and transplanting rice seedlings.
Comparative example 2
Green energy-gathering compound fertilizer of fertilizer component GmbH of middle east of Jiangsu province is adopted, N: p2O5：K2O18: 10: 12, the application amount is 15 kgN/mu (the same fertilizer operation as the comparative example 1), the fertilizer is broadcast, and conventional plowing and seedling transplanting are carried out.
And (3) test results:
the effect of the acid soil conditioner on red soil properties and rice yield was investigated in combination with the experimental results of examples 1-10 (20% reduction in fertilizer application rate) and comparative examples 1-2, wherein the red soil pH was measured using a mettler-toledo FE28 pH meter, the organic matter was measured using potassium dichromate oxidation, and the phosphatase activity was measured using disodium phenylphosphate colorimetry.
FIG. 1 is a comparison of test results of red soil pH in examples of the present invention and comparative examples. As shown in FIG. 1, the application of the soil conditioner can raise the pH value of red soil by 2.5-22.8% compared with the conventional fertilization treatments of comparative examples 1 and 2.
Fig. 2 is a comparison of test results of red soil organic matter in examples of the present invention and comparative examples. As shown in FIG. 2, compared with the conventional fertilization treatments of comparative examples 1 and 2, the soil conditioner is applied, the organic matter content of the soil is improved by 1.5-22.4%, and the soil fertility is improved.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the results of the soil phosphatase test in examples of the present invention and comparative examples. As shown in FIG. 3, the application of the soil conditioner in combination with the ridge culture of wide and narrow rows of rice increased the soil phosphatase activity by 10.2% to 48.6% as compared with the conventional fertilization treatments of comparative examples 1 and 2.
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the results of the rice yield test in the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples. As shown in FIG. 4, the application of the soil conditioner in combination with the ridge culture of wide and narrow rows of rice resulted in an increase in rice yield of 6.0% to 15.1% as compared to the conventional fertilization treatments of comparative examples 1 and 2.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The acid soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 40-56% of wormcast, 40-56% of humic acid raw material, 2-5% of lime and 0.1-0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum.
2. The acid soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the acid soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 48% of wormcast, 48% of humic acid raw material, 3.5% of lime and 0.5% of decomposition microbial inoculum.
3. An acidic soil conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the humic acid raw material is weathered coal or peat.
4. An acidic soil conditioner according to claim 3, wherein the humic acid content of the weathered coal or peat is greater than 45%.
5. Use of an acid soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for improving red soil.
6. The use of the acid soil conditioner in improving red soil as claimed in claim 5, wherein the total dosage of the acid soil conditioner is 1500-1600 kg/mu.
7. The use of an acid soil conditioner for improving red soil according to claim 6, wherein the total amount of the acid soil conditioner is 1552 kg/acre.
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| CN112125756A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-25 | 泉州师范学院 | Eucalyptus artificial forest soil acidity improvement and soil fertility recovery material |
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