CN1173482A - Controllable slowly-released granular urea fertilizer and its prepn. method - Google Patents
Controllable slowly-released granular urea fertilizer and its prepn. method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A controllable slowly-released granular urea fertilizer featues that it contains slowly-releasing composition (0.5-1.2 wt%), which contains N fertilizer synergist (30-75 wt%), N stabilizer (10-55), organic acid (2-3), coating agent (0.5-3), surfactant (0.1-0.5) and amendment (3-9), and is prepared through heating the composition for reaction, mixing, filtering to obtain saturated slowly-releasing liquid, atomizing it, spraying it into granulating tower of urea, and drying.
Description
The invention belongs to slow release fertilizer and fertilizer manufacturing technology field thereof.
As everyone knows, urea is the solid nitrogenous fertilizer of present application quantity maximum.After being manured into soil, under microbial process, except that small part was absorbed by crop, most of leaching loss vapored away.This not only causes the huge wasting of resources, and has increased the weight of atmosphere, contaminated water source.People attempt to reduce the urea dissolution rate by suppressing biological activity of soil, use screen layer or coating to overcome above-mentioned defective.A kind of method that makes slow released urea: be a kind of Resorcinol long-acting urea fertilizer manufacturing process CN85109580 that contains).This invention is to add the Resorcinol of 0.05-0.30% (weight) as urease inhibitor in urea, this technology increases by one Resorcinol and urine mixed processes, Resorcinol has a little decomposition at the urea evaporization process, even the evaporation condensate variable color brings certain difficulty to aftertreatment.The long-acting carbamide CN 90105116.0 that contains trace element equally) above-mentioned disadvantage is arranged too.Another kind contains Dyhard RU 100 controlled availability fertilizer manufacturing process CN 94110132.0) Dyhard RU 100 adds to as nitrification inhibitor and goes to exist too evaporization process to produce resolution problem in the urea, equipment and process condensate are recycled to get into trouble, even handle and also must increase cost, and component is single, and addition is bigger.Domestic also have a kind of method that makes slow released urea: be the granulated fertilizer coating technology, coated material production technique and prescription CN 95102231.8), although this invention has many advantages, on component, certain limitation is arranged on the Technology, exist addition few, bring washy shortcoming into.The external slow release fertilizer of producing generally is divided into two big classes: the first kind is the slow release fertilizer that substance reactions such as urea and aldehydes generate, second class is a coated fertilizer, adopts sulphur, polymkeric substance (polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, resin etc.) and oils, pitch, paraffin etc.Produce the employed coated material of this fertilizer abroad, generally account for the 10-20% of slow release fertilizer product gross weight, the price height, improve 31.6% as U.S.'s sulfur-coated urea per ton cost, so can only be used for high price crops such as lawn, flowers, except that the part paddy field was on probation, the land for growing field crops production application seldom.Also have a kind of fertilizer " Ru 2006101161 of controllable sustained-release fertilizer efficiency " CN 92109194 that makes) be to contain 2-20% oil, 2-25% water-in-oil-type (w/o) tensio-active agent, the Ru 2006101161 of 6-65% water, in the pasty state, this product will be given and use, transportation is made troubles.
The objective of the invention is to produce a kind of urea composition nitrogen and slowly discharge, fertilizer efficiency period is controlled, makes every effort to be applicable to field crop, cash crop.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of new controllable sustained-release urea composition preparation method, Large Scale Urea Plant production specifications preferably, and have the practicality of synchronous production.
Above described first purpose be to suppress urase, nitrifier, nitrococcus mobility in the soil by the urease inhibitor in the slow releasing composition of the present invention, nitrification inhibitor, utilize the natural amphoteric macromolecular compound to stablize nitrogen, thereby reduce the urea loss, improve nitrogen utilization efficiency, prolong fertilizer efficiency period, and reach urea efficiency phase controllability by regulating each component quantitative proportion, long-lasting, pleiotropy realizes.Second purpose recited above oozed two technology by slowly-releasing saturated solution preparation of the present invention and the spray of hot method and realized.
The invention provides a kind of controllable slowly-released granular urea fertilizer, it is characterized in that this fertilizer contains the slow releasing composition of 0.5～1.2% (weight), described slow releasing composition is made up of 30～75% (weight) nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent, 10～55% (weight) nitrogen stabilizer, 2.0～3.0% (weight) organic acid, 0.5～3.0% (weight) fruit glaze agent, 0.1-0.5% (weight) tensio-active agent and 3.0～9.0% (weight) amendment:
(1) nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent is urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor: urease inhibitor can be selected from boric acid or Sodium Tetraborate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate, sal epsom, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate, rare earth nitrate, quinhydrones, and nitrification inhibitor can be selected from thiocarbamide, two cyanogen ammonium, Sulphathiazole, 2-amino-4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine, amidinothiourea;
(2) nitrogen stabilizer is selected from yellow humic acid, hydrolysis amino acid, Lalgine and water-soluble salt thereof;
(3) organic acid is selected from xitix, citric acid, salicylic acid;
(4) fruit glaze agent is selected from water-soluble polypropylene acid, polyvinyl alcohol, Mierocrystalline cellulose macromolecular compound;
(5) tensio-active agent can be selected from fatty alkyl quaternary amine, halogenation pyridine;
(6) amendment is selected from urea, methyl alcohol.
A kind of preparation method as above-mentioned slowly-released granular urea fertilizer is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the selected component of inorganic salts of urease inhibitor will with the organic acid complex reaction, reinforced in order according to different selected prescriptions of crop and processing requirements with soil type, when material all after the dissolving, add organic acid, urea, control solution PH=3-5; Temperature is controlled at 45-65 ℃, and reaction soln should be near saturated;
(2) hydrolysis amino acid selected for use of nitrogen stabilizer is that skin, hair, bone, angle, hoof, the muscle tendon of animal concentrates or 100～120 ℃ of hydrolysis of gelatin are made through acid system or 100～120 ℃ of hydrolysis of alkaline process;
(3) with the above-mentioned hydrolysis amino acid that makes or xanthohumic acid, Lalgine water soluble ammonium, sylvite, add nitrification inhibitor, amendment, then this solution is joined and carry out material in the nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent saturated solution and be mixed, stir, reaction times is 30～60 minutes, add fruit glaze agent, tensio-active agent after reaction is finished, the sustained-release liquid preparation is finished in slagging-off, filtration;
(4) prepare the method for controllable slowly-released granular urea fertilizer: above-mentioned sustained-release liquid is sent into the heating header tank be warming up to 85～100 ℃, adopt pneumatic injector then, with pressurized air is medium, with the sustained-release liquid atomizing, spray into position, urea prilling tower middle and lower part, droplet contacts with the urea granules that falls, under mechanical stirring, slow releasing composition can infiltrate urea granules inside, and by waste heat, and urea is in the solid slow-release carbamide that forms.Determine that through Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica's X ray electronic spectroscopy analysis all have elements such as S, Zn, Fe, Mn, N on slow-release carbamide particulate surface mutually with body, S has two kinds of different chemical state (S
δ+And S
τ+), its relative intensity ratio does not have considerable change in particle surface and body.
Also can adopt same Technology for urea in bulk.
Slow-release carbamide of the present invention is used for food crop, cash crop, vegetable crop, makes base manure result of use the best.
The present invention reaches following effect:
1. nitrogen utilization efficiency improves 6-10 percentage point than common urea, and identical crop yield can save fertile 20%.
2. fertilizer efficiency period extends to 60-120 days, and simplification cultivation change repeatedly fertilising is a bottom application, saves 2 of the recruitments of topdressing.
3. increase multiple functional mass, balanced nutrients, the water conservation drought resisting promotes crop anti-adversity and healthy and strong growth, for high-quality and efficient agricultural is laid a good foundation.
4. adopt the hot method spray of sustained-release liquid cementation process technology, not only have the practicality synchronous, and flow process is simple and easy with urea production, Technology advanced person, operation is regulated easily, less investment, cost is low, and quality product is superior, has certain advance, novelty.
5. in process of production, do not produce new pollution, and can reduce the quantity discharged of urea choosing grain workshop section's dust and ammonia volatilization, reduce the pollution of exhaust atmospheric environment.
The inventive method has simple, easy to operate, the advantages such as cost is low, easy popularization of technology, has higher use value.
Controllable sustained-release urea of the present invention has positive effect to paddy rice, winter wheat, summer corn, cotton, vegetables, Soybean and Other Crops than common urea.Its amount of increase in production waits under the situation of nitrogen amount, paddy rice 10.7-15.6%, winter wheat 6.4-13.7%, summer corn 9.5-27%, cotton 13.2-19.5%, soybean 6-11%, vegetables 15-75%.Fertilizer efficiency period was than the long 40-90 of common urea days, and becoming repeatedly topdresses is a bottom application.And obviously improve and improve the crop product quality.
The present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with embodiment:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the inventive method process flow sheet.
Accompanying drawing 1:1,2 raw materials, 3,4 reactors, 5 filtration units, 6 storage tanks, 7 force (forcing) pumps, 8 heating header tanks, 9,10 cut down, 11 atomizers, 12 melting urine pumps, 13 carbamide granulation devices, 14 slow-release carbamides.
Embodiment 1: winter wheat is used slow-release carbamide
Produce 1 ton of preparation method who is used for winter wheat slow-release carbamide sustained-release liquid: the reactor 4 that stirs to band adds 388.5 kilograms of de-salted waters, starts agitator, and heats temperature raising with low-pressure steam, add raw material 2 successively: 150 kilograms in ferrous sulfate, 100 kilograms in zinc sulfate, 30 kilograms of manganous sulfates, 40 kilograms of boric acid, 0.5 kilogram of rare earth nitrate, after the inorganic salt that add dissolve fully, add 25 kilograms of citric acids, 40 kilograms in urea, temperature of reaction is controlled at 45 ℃, PH=3.0.Left standstill deslagging 30 minutes.Add 50 kilograms in gelatin in another reactor 3,100 kilograms in water is used steam heating, dissolving fully, temperature is about 110 ℃, the reaction times is 30 minutes, and reactor 3 liquid material are sent in the reactor 4, continue to start agitator, preparation back solution is fully reacted, 30 minutes time added 40 kilograms of thiocarbamides again, 5 kilograms of methyl alcohol, 20 kilograms of xanthohumic acid ammoniums, 1 kilogram of quaternary amine, (609) 10 kilograms of polyacrylic acid water soluble paints, remove mechanical impurity through strainer 5, send sustained-release liquid storage tank 6.Sustained-release liquid is produced according to slow-release carbamide and is produced needs for being interrupted production.
The sustained-release liquid of making is sent into the header tank 8 of heating unit with pump 7, make solution keep 95 ℃, contact with the urea granules that falls by melting urea liquid pump 12 carbamide granulation devices 13 with shower nozzle 11 atomizings, under mechanical stirring, in urea granules inside (consumption is 0.8%) oozed in spray, makes slow-release carbamide after doing admittedly.China Agricultural University carried out the winter wheat test demonstration in test point, Wuqiao, Hebei in 96 years, 60,000 mu of areas, through sample testing: using slow-release carbamide mu spike number is 57.3 ten thousand, grain number per spike is 24.5, the mu spike number of using common urea is 54.1 ten thousand, 24.4 of grain number per spikes, by thousand seed weight 40 gram prediction output, use 505.4 kilograms of slow-release carbamide wheat per mu yields, use 475.2 kilograms of the per mu yields of common urea, 30.2 kilograms of every mu of volume increase wheats, stimulation ratio reaches 6.4%, slow-release carbamide drops into 2 yuan than every mu of common urea, and every mu purely increase income 49.34 yuan (wheat is by 1.7 yuan/kilogram).At winter wheat high-yield and high-efficiency model field, for guaranteeing the science and the cogency of demonstration, carry out the output actual measurement, the result: 22.5 kilograms of bottom application of slow-release carbamide, water foot two water spring, no longer topdress, 563 kilograms/mu of real products have shown that fully slow-release carbamide to very strong vitality is arranged on the Wheat Production, has certain effect of increasing production under the high-yield condition of particularly economizing on water, by the production practice in 92 years to 96 years, proved that The above results is consistent.
Example 2: paddy rice is used slow-release carbamide
Technical process is identical with example 1, just changes the consumption of each component, adds 459 kilograms of de-salted waters in 4 in the reactor that band stirs, start agitator, and heat temperature raising, add raw material 2 successively: 100 kilograms in ferrous sulfate with low-pressure steam, 100 kilograms in zinc sulfate, 30 kilograms of manganous sulfates, 40 kilograms of boric acid are after the inorganic salt that add dissolve fully, add dim sour 25 kilograms of lemon, 40 kilograms in urea, temperature of reaction are controlled at 55 ℃, PH=3.5.Left standstill deslagging 30 minutes.Add 30 kilograms in gelatin in another reactor 3,70 kilograms in water is used steam heating, dissolving fully, temperature is about 110 ℃, the reaction times is 40 minutes, and reactor 3 liquid material are sent in the reactor 4, continue to start agitator, preparation back solution is fully reacted, 40 minutes time added 30 kilograms of thiocarbamides again, 5 kilograms of methyl alcohol, 60 kilograms of xanthohumic acid ammoniums, 1 kilogram of quaternary amine, (609) 10 kilograms of polyacrylic acid water soluble paints, remove mechanical impurity through strainer 5, send sustained-release liquid storage tank 6.Sustained-release liquid is produced according to slow-release carbamide and is produced needs for being interrupted production.In urea granules inside (consumption 0.8%) oozed in the hot method spray of the sustained-release liquid of making, do and to make slow-release carbamide admittedly and be used for paddy rice, 4000 mu of Liaozhong County, 96 years Liaoning Province demonstration areas, on the species test data, see Table 1 base and execute 742.1 jin/mu of slow-release carbamide district output, spike number 270,000/mu imposes 683.5 jin/mu of slow-release carbamide district output, spike number 26.6 ten thousand/mu, illustrate thus slow-release carbamide once base execute that to impose province's fertilizer, saving of labor, volume increase obvious.Utilization rate of fertilizer is 45.8%, imposes slow-release carbamide 36.1%, and imposing common urea is 29.2%, this shows, the utilization rate of fertilizer that base is executed slow-release carbamide is the highest, and an anti-nitrogen application in the past is the low more trend of utilization ratio more early.Illustrated that slow-release carbamide releases slowly slow the putting of nutrient in full vegetative period, so fertilizer efficiency is lasting, and utilization ratio is also very high.The slow-release carbamide test-results shows, imposes the many more utilization ratios of slow-release carbamide and is greatly improved on the contrary, can bring up to 43.9% from 36.1%.
| Project | Mu is measured (kg) with N | N utilization ratio (%) | Per mu yield (kg) | Drop into: |
| 1. compel to execute slow-release carbamide | ????12.65 | ????36.1 | ????683.5 | ????1∶10 |
| 2. impose common urea | ????12.65 | ????30.2 | ????643.4 | ????1∶8 |
| 3. base is executed slow-release carbamide | ????12.65 | ????45.8 | ????742.1 | ????1∶12 |
| 4. impose common urea | ????14.95 | ????29.2 | ????672.2 | ????1∶6 |
| 5. impose slow-release carbamide | ????14.95 | ????43.9 | ????778.7 | ????1∶10 |
Be not difficult to find out that under equal fertilizer application condition promptly 1 yuan of slow-release carbamide input is overcharged about 4 yuan than common urea.Slow-release carbamide is than 106.5 kilograms/mu of common urea volume increase, and stimulation ratio 15.6% is on average increased production 70.2 kilograms/mu, stimulation ratio 10.6%.
Example 3: corn slow-release carbamide
Technical process is identical with example 1, just changes the consumption of each component, adds 428.5 kilograms of de-salted waters in 4 in the reactor that band stirs, start agitator, and heat temperature raising, add 150 kilograms in raw material 2 ferrous sulfate successively with low-pressure steam, 100 kilograms in zinc sulfate, 50 kilograms of manganous sulfates, 30 kilograms of boric acid, 0.5 kilogram of rare earth nitrate, after the inorganic salt that add dissolve fully, add 30 kilograms of citric acids, temperature of reaction is controlled at 50 ℃, PH=4.0.Left standstill deslagging 30 minutes.Add 30 kilograms in gelatin in another reactor 3,70 kilograms in water is used steam heating, dissolving fully, temperature is about 110 ℃, the reaction times is 40 minutes, and reactor 3 liquid material are sent in the reactor 4, continue to start agitator, preparation back solution is fully reacted, 40 minutes time added 40 kilograms of xanthohumic acid ammoniums again, 1 kilogram of quaternary amine, 20 kilograms of quinhydrones, 40 kilograms of Dyhard RU 100s, (609) 10 kilograms of polyacrylic acid water soluble paints, remove mechanical impurity through strainer 5, send sustained-release liquid storage tank 6.Sustained-release liquid is produced according to slow-release carbamide and is produced needs for being interrupted production.The spray of the hot method of the sustained-release liquid of making is oozed in urea granules inside (consumption 0.8%) and is made slow-release carbamide admittedly and be used for summer corn through doing, pass through simultaneous test, slow-release carbamide effect of increasing production in the summer corn fertilising is apparent in view: from the milpa upgrowth situation, be better than common urea plant situation.Corn growth fertilizer efficiency in early stage is stable, and the later stage fertilizer efficiency strengthens, and helps the fruit ear growth of corn later stage.The fringe position is low, internode shortens, and the thick shape of plant is anti-, has improved resistance against diseases, and especially to northern and southern leaf blight, the bacterial wilt effect is obvious, and from species test, fringe grain anharmonic ratio is executed high 32.5 grams of common urea, and actual output reaches output 671.3kg/ mu.Stimulation ratio is 19.5%.
Example 4: cotton is used slow-release carbamide
Technical process is identical with example 1, just changes the consumption of each component, adds 418.5 kilograms of de-salted waters in 4 in the reactor that band stirs, start agitator, and heat temperature raising, add raw material 2 successively: 100 kilograms in ferrous sulfate with low-pressure steam, 100 kilograms in zinc sulfate, 20 kilograms of manganous sulfates, 40 kilograms of boric acid, 0.5 kilogram of rare earth nitrate, after the inorganic salt that add dissolve fully, add 30 kilograms of citric acids, temperature of reaction is controlled at 65 ℃, PH=4.5.Left standstill deslagging 30 minutes.Add 30 kilograms in gelatin in another reactor 3,70 kilograms in water is used steam heating, dissolving fully, temperature is 120 ℃, the reaction times is 60 minutes, and reactor 3 liquid material are sent in the reactor 4, continue to start agitator, 60 minutes reaction times, add 20 kilograms of thiocarbamides again, 5 kilograms of methyl alcohol, 150 kilograms of xanthohumic acid ammoniums, 1 kilogram of quaternary amine, (609) 15 kilograms of polyacrylic acid water soluble paints are removed mechanical impurity through strainer 5, send sustained-release liquid storage tank 6.Sustained-release liquid is produced according to slow-release carbamide and is produced needs for being interrupted production.The sustained-release liquid of making, in urea granules inside (consumption 1.2%) oozed in the spray of hot method, makes slowly-releasing admittedly and is used for cotton through doing, 94,95 years slow-release carbamides are used for cotton, and the demonstration area reaches 50,000 mu, and effect is as follows: slow-release carbamide and common urea are 25 kilograms of mu fertilisings, the end, chase after half and half, and full-bloom stage topdresses.
Strain and stem internode distance: the cotton plant height of using slow-release carbamide is than the short 4-6 of common urea centimetre, and low 2 centimetres of the first fruit branch height, stem internode are apart from short 0.2-0.3 centimetre, and cotton plant strain shape is well compact, and ventilation and penetrating light is good.
Investigation harvesting time: it is less to use the dried yellow leaf of slow-release carbamide cotton, lacks 10-15% than common urea, spends many 10-25% before the frost, and the low 10-25% of verticillium hazard rating.
Root system, main root are than the long 2-3 of common urea centimetre, and lateral root is 3-5 a times of common urea.
Through survey producing: the many 1.3-2 of slow-release carbamide cotton single-strain bell-forming, the many 0.3-0.5 grams of Dan Lingchong, ginning outturn is many 1%, and per mu yield gined cotton increases the 11-19 kilogram, and stimulation ratio is 21-27%.
Embodiment 5: vegetables are used slow-release carbamide
Technical process is identical with example 1, just changes the consumption of each component, adds 459 kilograms of de-salted waters in the reactor 4 that band stirs, start agitator, add raw material 2 successively: 200 kilograms in ferrous sulfate, 100 kilograms in zinc sulfate, 50 kilograms of manganous sulfates, 5 kilograms in copper sulfate, 30 kilograms in sal epsom, 20 kilograms of boric acid, after the inorganic salt that add dissolve fully, add 20 kilograms in xitix, 50 kilograms in urea, temperature of reaction is controlled at 45 ℃, PH=4.0.Left standstill deslagging 30 minutes.Add 15 kilograms in gelatin in another reactor 3,35 kilograms in water is used steam heating, dissolving fully, temperature is about 85 ℃, the reaction times is 30 minutes, and reactor 3 liquid material are sent in the reactor 4, continue to start agitator, preparation back solution is fully reacted, 30 minutes time, add 5 kilograms of methyl alcohol again, 1 kilogram of quaternary amine, 10 kilograms of Nitrocelluloses, remove mechanical impurity through strainer 5, send sustained-release liquid storage tank 6.Sustained-release liquid is produced according to slow-release carbamide and is produced needs for being interrupted production.
Slow-release carbamide can be used as desirable special-purpose fertile in vegetables and booth vegetable agricultural.Slow-release carbamide slowly discharges fertilizer efficiency owing to can apply by disposable base manure, and owing to increased multiple little fertilizer, the vegetable crop quality all is significantly improved.From the vegetable plant strain upgrowth situation, be better than common urea and early ripe, the fruit vegetables fruit is big, and mouthfeel is good.General vegetables volume increase 15-45%.
Embodiment 6: soybean is used slow-release carbamide
Technical process is identical with example 1, just changes the consumption of each component, adds 419 kilograms of de-salted waters in the reactor 4 that band stirs, start agitator, and heat temperature raising, add raw material 2 successively: 100 kilograms in ferrous sulfate with low-pressure steam, 100 kilograms in zinc sulfate, 40 kilograms of manganous sulfates, 10 kilograms of ammonium molybdates, 40 kilograms of boric acid, 0.5 kilogram of rare earth nitrate is after the inorganic salt that add dissolve fully, add 20 kilograms of citric acids, 40 kilograms in urea, temperature of reaction are controlled at 50 ℃, PH=4.5.Left standstill deslagging 30 minutes.In another reactor 3, add 20 kilograms of Lalgines, add 100 kg of water, use steam heating, dissolving fully, temperature is about 80 ℃, and the reaction times is 30 minutes, and reactor 3 liquid material are sent in the reactor 4, continue to start agitator, solution is fully reacted, 30 minutes time, add 5 kilograms of methyl alcohol again, 100 kilograms of xanthohumic acid ammoniums, 0.5 kilogram of halogenation pyridine.(609) 5 kilograms of polyacrylic acid water soluble paints are removed mechanical impurity through strainer (5), send sustained-release liquid storage tank (6).Sustained-release liquid is produced according to slow-release carbamide and is produced needs for being interrupted production.
Slow-release carbamide is in soybean crops, and effect is also fairly obvious.Field test results shows: the soybean plant strain stalwartness, and the rate that bears pods height, grain is full greatly, and stimulation ratio is 6-11%.
Embodiment 7: hot method spray cementation process
Carbamide production system is in production status, open pneupress system earlier, and keep compressed air pressure to be stabilized in 0.4MPa, check that the jet normal back of each nozzle is stand-by, the sustained-release liquid system must clean up with hot water, and with hot sustained-release liquid circulation for some time, promptly with pump 7 sustained-release liquid is squeezed into header tank 8, open to reflux and to cut down 9 and close and cut down 10, after the sustained-release liquid system cleaned up, shut-off valve 9 was opened and is cut down 10, regulate each nozzle, it is normal to make it atomizing, if the header tank temperature reduces, aperture is cut down in adjusting heating steam makes it temperature raising to about 85-100 ℃, make header tank keep liquid level, ooze in hot spray down.Whether the homogeneity, moisture content, analysed preparation of observing out the prilling tower slow-release carbamide then conformance with standard, by strict controlling slow release liquid quality index, adjusts charging capacity, angle between each nozzle, the elevation angle according to the urea production load.Conditions such as compressed air pressure are come the controlling slow release urea quality, get final product to such an extent that meet the slow-release carbamide of this patent requirement.
Claims (2)
1. controllable slowly-released granular urea fertilizer, it is characterized in that this fertilizer contains the slow releasing composition of 0.5～1.2% (weight), described slow releasing composition is made up of 30～75% (weight) nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent, 10～55% (weight) nitrogen stabilizer, 2.0～3.0% (weight) organic acid, 0.5～3.0% (weight) fruit glaze agent, 0.1～0.5% (weight) tensio-active agent and 3.0～9.0% (weight) amendment:
(1) nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent is urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor: urease inhibitor can be selected from boric acid or Sodium Tetraborate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate, sal epsom, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate, rare earth nitrate, quinhydrones, and nitrification inhibitor can be selected from thiocarbamide, two cyanogen ammonium, Sulphathiazole, 2-amino-4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine, amidinothiourea;
(2) nitrogen stabilizer is selected from yellow humic acid, hydrolysis amino acid, Lalgine and water-soluble salt thereof;
(3) organic acid is selected from xitix, citric acid, salicylic acid;
(4) fruit glaze agent is selected from water-soluble polypropylene acid, polyvinyl alcohol, Mierocrystalline cellulose macromolecular compound;
(5) tensio-active agent can be selected from fatty alkyl quaternary amine, halogenation pyridine;
(6) amendment is selected from urea, methyl alcohol.
2. preparation method of slowly-released granular urea fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the selected component of inorganic salts of urease inhibitor will with the organic acid complex reaction, reinforced in order according to different selected prescriptions of crop and processing requirements with soil type, when material all after the dissolving, add organic acid, urea, control solution PH=3-5; Temperature is controlled at 45-65 ℃, and reaction soln should be near saturated;
(2) hydrolysis amino acid selected for use of nitrogen stabilizer is that skin, hair, bone, angle, hoof, the muscle tendon of animal concentrates or 100～120 ℃ of hydrolysis of gelatin are made through acid system or 100～120 ℃ of hydrolysis of alkaline process;
(3) with the above-mentioned hydrolysis amino acid that makes or xanthohumic acid, Lalgine water soluble ammonium, sylvite, add nitrification inhibitor, amendment, then this solution is joined and carry out material in the nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent saturated solution and be mixed, stir, reaction times is 30～60 minutes, add fruit glaze agent, tensio-active agent after reaction is finished, the sustained-release liquid preparation is finished in slagging-off, filtration;
(4) prepare the method for controllable slowly-released granular urea fertilizer: above-mentioned sustained-release liquid is sent into the heating header tank be warming up to 85～100 ℃, adopt pneumatic injector then, with pressurized air is medium, with the sustained-release liquid atomizing, spray into position, urea prilling tower middle and lower part, droplet contacts with the urea granules that falls, under mechanical stirring, slow releasing composition can infiltrate urea granules inside, and by waste heat, and urea is done the solid slow-release carbamide that forms.
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| CN100473630C (en) * | 2002-07-23 | 2009-04-01 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Carrier type slow-release fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
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| CN1056860A (en) * | 1990-05-19 | 1991-12-11 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Contain compound long-efficiency urea fertilizer of trace element and preparation method thereof |
| EP0701543A4 (en) * | 1993-05-07 | 1997-10-22 | Univ New England | Improved fertilizer coating process |
| CN1039901C (en) * | 1994-03-21 | 1998-09-23 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Long-acting synergist for nitrogen fertilizer |
| CN1112538A (en) * | 1995-03-16 | 1995-11-29 | 广州氮肥厂 | Granulated fertilizer coating technique, coating material producing process and formula |
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1997
- 1997-08-29 CN CN97116827A patent/CN1042629C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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