CN110981596B - Soybean foliar fertilizer for increasing flower and protecting pod and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Soybean foliar fertilizer for increasing flower and protecting pod and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention provides a soybean foliar fertilizer for increasing flower and protecting pod, which comprises foliar fertilizers in the flowering stage and the pod bearing stage of soybean. The flowering phase foliar fertilizer comprises: 10 parts of humic acid by 100 parts by mass; 10 parts of pyroligneous liquor; 18-22 parts of urea; 8-12 parts of monopotassium phosphate; 1-3 parts of boric acid; 4-6 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.8-1.2 parts of ammonium molybdate; 0.01-0.04 parts of paclobutrazol; 0.004-0.006 part of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and 1-2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5-1 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the balance of water. Humic acid is used as a carrier, the disease resistance of wood vinegar is enhanced, the nitrogen fixation mechanism of the soybean is promoted to form by ammonium molybdate and boric acid in a specific proportion at the initial flowering stage, nitrogen is enhanced by nitrogen dressing, the photosynthesis is enhanced by magnesium sulfate, and the flower buds are prevented from falling off by promoting the nutrient supply capacity of the root system of the flowering stage by paclobutrazol and anti-falling elements; in the initial stage of soybean pod setting, monopotassium phosphate is used for promoting the grouting capacity of soybean seeds, and the anti-falling agent is used for preventing pod falling, so that the plump rate of seeds is improved, and a foundation is laid for high yield of soybean.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a soybean foliar fertilizer for increasing flower and protecting pod, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The soybean is a self-growing nitrogen-fixing crop, the nitrogen fixation of the root nodule can meet the requirement of the soybean on nitrogen, the flowering and pod bearing periods of the soybean are key periods of soybean nutrition, and the nitrogen-fixing activity of the root system is reduced and the flower and pod fall are caused by partial consumption of soil nutrients, drought of soil in the pod bearing period, poor development of the root system and the like every year due to the reasons of soil, climate, continuous cropping cultivation and the like, so that the yield of the soybean is reduced by 20-30 percent.
The foliar fertilizer applied in the current production lacks a foliar fertilizer for increasing flowers and keeping pods of soybeans, mostly applies monopotassium phosphate and urea for spraying in the flower-pod period, can only meet the supplement of major elements in the flower-pod period of the soybeans, has single action and cannot meet the requirements of increasing flowers and keeping pods of the soybeans, so that the development of the foliar fertilizer for the soybeans, which is beneficial to increasing flowers and keeping pods of the soybeans, is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soybean foliar fertilizer for increasing flowers and protecting pods.
The soybean foliar fertilizer for increasing flower and keeping pod provided by the invention comprises a soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer and a soybean pod setting phase foliar fertilizer.
The foliar fertilizers with different compositions are sprayed once in the flowering phase and the pod bearing phase respectively, and the volume ratio of the foliar fertilizers to the foliar fertilizers is 1:1, so that the nutritional requirements of the soybean in the flower pod bearing phase are met.
The foliar fertilizer for the flowering phase of the soybean is prepared from the following raw materials: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 10 parts of pyroligneous liquor; 18-22 parts of urea; 8-12 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 1-3 parts by mass of boric acid; 4-6 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.8-1.2 parts of ammonium molybdate; 0.01-0.04 parts by mass of paclobutrazol; 0.004-0.006 part of parachlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-falling element) and 1-2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5-1 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the balance of water.
In the foliar fertilizer for the flowering phase of the soybean, the mass ratio of urea to monopotassium phosphate can be 2: 1;
further, the mass ratio of boric acid, ammonium molybdate and magnesium sulfate can be as follows: 2: 1: 5.
specifically, the soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 10 parts of pyroligneous liquor; 20 parts of urea; 10 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 2 parts by mass of boric acid; 5 parts of magnesium sulfate; 1 part by mass of ammonium molybdate; 0.03 part by mass of paclobutrazol; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-dropping element) and 1 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5-1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the balance of water.
The foliar fertilizer for the pod setting stage of the soybeans is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 10-20 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 4-8 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.003 to 0.006 part of parachlorophenoxy acetic acid (anti-falling element) and 0.8 to 1.2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5-1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the balance of water;
specifically, the foliar fertilizer for the pod bearing period of the soybeans is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 15 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 6 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-dropping element) and 1 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5-1 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the balance of water.
The soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer is prepared by the following steps:
1) adding wood vinegar liquid and urea into humic acid solution, stirring, adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate, stirring, and adding boric acid and magnesium sulfate to obtain A liquid solution;
2) dissolving ammonium molybdate with hot water, cooling to obtain ammonium molybdate water solution, adding ethanol solution of paclobutrazol and Fall-proof agent, adding compound sodium nitrophenolate to obtain solution B,
3) and mixing the solution A with the solution B, and adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to obtain the foliar fertilizer for the soybean flowering phase.
The foliar fertilizer for the pod bearing period of the soybeans is prepared by the method comprising the following steps:
a) adding monopotassium phosphate into the humic acid solution, stirring, and adding magnesium sulfate to obtain a liquid solution a;
b) dissolving the anti-falcarin with alcohol, and adding compound sodium nitrophenolate to obtain a solution b;
c) and (3) mixing the liquid solution a and the solution b, adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and stirring to obtain the foliar fertilizer in the pod setting stage of the soybeans.
The application of the soybean foliar fertilizer in the flower and pod increasing and protecting of the soybean in the flower and pod period also belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
The soybean is soybean for continuous cropping and crop rotation.
The invention also provides an application method of the soybean foliar fertilizer.
The application method of the soybean foliar fertilizer provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
spraying the foliar fertilizer for the soybean flowering phase to soybean leaf surfaces in the initial soybean flowering phase; and (3) spraying the foliar fertilizer in the soybean pod forming period to soybean leaf surfaces at the initial soybean pod forming stage.
Specifically, 500ml of the water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid is diluted by 200-fold and 250-fold liquid by adding water and is used for 1 hectare (15 mu). If a manual knapsack sprayer or a mechanical sprayer (small four wheels) is adopted, the dilution is generally 200 times and 250 times, and if an ultra-low volume sprayer or an airplane sprayer is adopted, the dilution is added with water for 25 to 50 times. Spraying for 2 times, namely spraying once in the initial flowering period and the initial pod setting period of the soybeans; the spraying frequency, time and dosage can be properly adjusted according to drought, phytotoxicity and crop growth conditions.
The soybean foliar fertilizer is suitable for continuous cropping and crop rotation foliar fertilization of soybean.
The soybean foliar fertilizer can not be mixed with alkaline pesticide. The product does not need to add any spreading agent or synergist.
The foliage spraying should be carried out on sunny days and windless days, between 8-10 am and 16-18 pm, and the spraying should be supplemented in time when it meets rain after 6 hours.
The product is slightly precipitated, which is normal phenomenon, and should be shaken well when used.
The product should be preserved in a place with ventilation, shade, light and dryness, and should not be damaged or inverted.
The invention adopts a 'nutrition therapy', adopts a 'root cultivation by leaves' and a 'growth promotion by roots' method, takes humic acid as a carrier according to the plant nutrition principle and the successive cropping reduction law, takes wood vinegar liquid to enhance the disease resistance, promotes the formation of a soybean nitrogen fixation mechanism by ammonium molybdate and boric acid with a specific proportion in the initial flowering period, sprays nitrogen on leaf surfaces in the flowering period to enhance the nitrogen fixation capability, and applies magnesium sulfate to enhance the photosynthesis of soybeans. Meanwhile, growth regulators paclobutrazol and anti-falling elements are added to promote the nutrient supply capacity of the root system in the flowering phase and prevent flower buds from falling off, thereby realizing the vegetative growth; in the initial stage of soybean pod setting, monopotassium phosphate is used as a core to promote soybean seed filling capacity, and meanwhile, the monopotassium phosphate is matched with the anti-falling substance to prevent pod falling and improve the seed filling rate, so that a foundation is laid for high soybean yield.
The invention relates to a foliar fertilizer which is developed by multi-formulation and multi-point screening for years according to the nutritional growth and reproductive growth nutrient and physiological nutrient requirements of soybeans. The foliar spraying of the flowering phase can enhance the disease resistance of plants, improve the canopy structure, increase the leaf area index, enhance the main enzyme activity of carbon and nitrogen metabolism of the plants and improve the nitrogen fixation activity of the root system. And (3) spraying in a pod bearing period to promote dry matter accumulation and enhance the filling strength of soybean seeds. The seed setting rate is improved. The formula makes up the deficiency of certain nutrient elements of the soybeans, and the product is non-toxic, pollution-free and residue-free, is a green technology for the current soybean production, is used in continuous cropping soybean experiments for many years, and increases the yield by 13-19%. The demonstration popularization area reaches 400 ten thousand mu during the development period, and the average yield is increased by 5.1-8.9%. The input-output ratio is 1: 17.3-23.4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; reagents, materials and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1, application effect test:
the application effect is obvious in the main soybean production area in northeast, particularly in the continuous soybean cropping area. Selecting representative soil, carrying out production demonstration, applying on the flowering leaves of continuous cropping land, investigating demonstration results (setting a test demonstration base point according to the type of ecological soil, setting a meadow white pulp soil area on a second river farm and a Jiamusi test station, setting a white pulp soil area on a Qinglong mountain farm, setting a brown soil area on a Shenyang test station, setting a hilly white pulp soil area on an eighty-five second farm, setting a saline-alkali soil area on a Taiwan farm and a Daqing, setting a black calcium soil area on a sea land farm, setting a black soil area on a Kyoho test point and a Shashan farm, and carrying out further field effect and production-investment ratio verification on the formula.
Leaf fertilizer formula for flowering phase and pod bearing phase
The soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 10 parts of pyroligneous liquor; 20 parts of urea; 10 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 2 parts by mass of boric acid; 5 parts of magnesium sulfate; 1 part by mass of ammonium molybdate; 0.03 part by mass of paclobutrazol; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-dropping element) and 1 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.8 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the balance of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) adding wood vinegar liquid and urea into humic acid solution, stirring, adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate, stirring uniformly, and adding boric acid and magnesium sulfate to obtain A liquid solution;
2) dissolving ammonium molybdate with hot water, cooling to obtain ammonium molybdate water solution, adding ethanol solution of paclobutrazol and Fall-proof agent, adding compound sodium nitrophenolate to obtain solution B,
3) mixing the solution A and the solution B, and adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to obtain a soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer;
the foliar fertilizer for the pod bearing period of the soybeans is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 15 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 6 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-dropping element) and 1 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the balance of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
a) adding monopotassium phosphate into the humic acid solution, stirring, and adding magnesium sulfate to obtain a liquid solution a;
b) dissolving the anti-falcarin with alcohol, and adding compound sodium nitrophenolate to obtain a solution b;
c) and (3) mixing the liquid solution a and the solution b, adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and stirring to obtain the foliar fertilizer in the pod setting stage of the soybeans.
Spraying 500 ml/hectare of the soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer on the leaf surfaces of the soybean in the initial flowering phase; then 500 ml/hectare of the foliar fertilizer in the soybean pod-bearing period is sprayed at the initial pod-bearing stage of the soybeans, and the same amount of clear water is sprayed in comparison;
the result shows that after the soybean is sprayed for one week in the initial flowering period, the treated Root activity and the chlorophyll content of the leaves are obviously higher than those of a control, the soybean Root activity (TTC method) is from R1 to R2, the soybean Root activity is from 120-; firstly, the root system activity is enhanced, which is beneficial to absorbing and utilizing available nutrients in soil. Spraying in the pod bearing stage, increasing photosynthetic capacity, producing more photosynthetic assimilation products for yield formation, from the initial pod stage to the full pod stage (R3-R4): the net photosynthetic productivity chlorophyll SPAD value is from 40-44, the clear water control SPAD value is from 38-42, the net photosynthetic rate: soybean continuous cropping treatment 37-41; net photosynthetic rate 18-23-net photosynthetic rate (umol.m-2. s-1), clear water 18-21net photosynthetic rate (umol.m-2. s-1), soybean continuous cropping treatment 18-20net photosynthetic rate (umol.m-2. s-) during pod formation: the yield is respectively increased by 6.3 percent and 8.9 percent compared with the control clear water and continuous cropping soybeans. The average yield increase value is 703 Yuan/hectare, and the input-output ratio is 1: 23.4.
Example 2 test of Effect of reducing monopotassium phosphate by increasing the amount of Urea aiming at cost saving
The soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 10 parts of pyroligneous liquor; 22 parts of urea; 8 parts of monopotassium phosphate; 2 parts by mass of boric acid; 5 parts of magnesium sulfate; 1 part by mass of ammonium molybdate; 0.02 parts by mass of paclobutrazol; 0.004 mass portion of parachlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-falling element) and 1.2 mass portions of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.8 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the balance of water.
The foliar fertilizer for the pod bearing period of the soybeans is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 18 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 4 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-dropping element) and 1.1 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the balance of water.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Spraying 500 ml/hectare of the soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer on the leaf surfaces of the soybean in the initial flowering phase; then 500 ml/hectare of the foliar fertilizer in the soybean pod-bearing period is sprayed in the pod-bearing period of the soybeans, and the same amount of clear water is sprayed in comparison;
the results show that the yield of the soybean continuous cropping and continuous cropping land is increased by 8.3% and 10.5% respectively compared with the control of spraying clear water when 500 ml/hectare is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the soybean in the initial flowering period and the pod forming period. .
After the soybean is sprayed for one week in the flowering phase, the treated Root system activity and the leaf chlorophyll content are higher than those of a control, the soybean Root system activity (TTC method) is obviously higher than that of the soybean with the Root system activity of 118-; firstly, the root system activity is enhanced, which is beneficial to absorbing and utilizing available nutrients in soil, and the nitrogen fertilizer is increased in flowering period, which is beneficial to starting nitrogen fixation mechanism, but not too much.
Secondly, the photosynthetic capacity is increased, more photosynthetic assimilation products can be generated for the yield formation, and the yield can also be increased from the initial pod stage to the full pod stage (R3-R4): the net photosynthetic productivity chlorophyll SPAD value is from 38-42, the clear water control SPAD value is 35-40, the net photosynthetic rate: soybean continuous cropping treatment 37-41; net photosynthetic rate 19-23-net photosynthetic rate (umol.m-2. s-1), clear water 18-21net photosynthetic rate (umol.m-2. s-1), soybean continuous cropping treatment 17-19net photosynthetic rate (umol.m-2. s-) during pod formation: the yield is respectively increased by 8.8 percent and 12.3 percent compared with the control clear water and continuous cropping soybeans. Therefore, the seed filling rate of the foliar fertilizer in the pod bearing period of the soybean can be increased by increasing the using amount of the monopotassium phosphate, the medium element magnesium sulfate is added, the photosynthesis is facilitated, and the dry matter accumulation is increased.
The increase of the content of the gene is 5.1 percent compared with the control and 6.7 percent compared with the continuous cropping. The average yield increase value is 555 yuan/hectare, and the input-output ratio is 1: 18.5.
Example 3 increase of the amount of monopotassium phosphate to enhance disease resistance
The soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer, 10 parts by mass of humic acid and 10 parts by mass of pyroligneous liquor; 18 parts of urea; 12 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 2 parts by mass of boric acid; 5 parts of magnesium sulfate; 1 part by mass of ammonium molybdate; 0.04 parts by mass of paclobutrazol; 0.006 part by mass of parachlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-falling element) and 1.5 parts by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the balance of water.
The foliar fertilizer for the pod bearing period of the soybeans is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 20 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 6 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-dropping element) and 1.0 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the balance of water.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Spraying 500 ml/hectare of the soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer on the leaf surfaces of the soybean in the initial flowering phase; then 500 ml/hectare of the foliar fertilizer in the soybean pod-bearing period is sprayed in the pod-bearing period of the soybeans, and the same amount of clear water is sprayed in comparison;
the results show that the yield is increased by 6.4 percent compared with the control of spraying clear water. The soybean continuous cropping fertilizer has the best application effect, enhances the disease resistance and stress resistance of soybeans, and increases the yield by 7.7%.
After the soybean fertilizer is sprayed for one week, the treated Root activity and the chlorophyll content of leaves are higher than those of a control, the soybean Root activity (TTC method) is remarkably higher than those of soybeans from the initial flowering stage to the full flowering stage (R1-R2) from 121-150Root activity (ug-g-1 FW-h-1) to 120-130Root activity (ug-g-1 FW-h-1) compared with clear water, and 121-131 Root activity (ug-g-1 FW-h-1) treated by continuous soybean cropping, the number of soybean nodules is increased from 68 to 270 from R1 to R2, the number of clear water groups is increased from 67 to 208, and the number of continuous soybean cropping is increased from 65 to 207; the root system activity is enhanced, which is beneficial to absorbing and utilizing available nutrients in soil, and the photosynthetic capacity is increased, so that more photosynthetic assimilation products can be generated for yield formation from the initial pod stage to the full pod stage (R3-R4): the net photosynthetic productivity chlorophyll SPAD value is from 38-42, the clear water control SPAD value is 35-40, the net photosynthetic rate: soybean continuous cropping treatment 37-41; net photosynthetic rate 19-23-net photosynthetic rate (umol.m-2. s-1), clear water 18-21net photosynthetic rate (umol.m-2. s-1), soybean continuous cropping treatment 17-19net photosynthetic rate (umol.m-2. s-) during pod formation: therefore, the seed filling rate of the foliar fertilizer in the pod bearing period of the soybean can be increased by increasing the using amount of the monopotassium phosphate, the medium element magnesium sulfate is added, the photosynthesis is facilitated, and the accumulation of dry matters is increased. Increase the stress resistance.
The yield is respectively increased by 6.4 percent and 7.7 percent compared with the control clear water and continuous cropping soybeans. The average yield increase value is 647.5 yuan/hectare, and the input-output ratio is 1: 21.6.
Comparative example 1 test for increasing amount of trace elements in flowering-phase foliar fertilizer
The soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer, 10 parts by mass of humic acid and 10 parts by mass of pyroligneous liquor; 20 parts of urea; 10 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 3 parts of boric acid; 2 parts of magnesium sulfate; 3 parts of ammonium molybdate; 0.03 part by mass of paclobutrazol; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-dropping element) and 1 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.8 part by mass of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
The composition of the foliar fertilizer in the pod bearing period of the soybeans and the proportion of each component are the same as those in example 1.
Spraying 500 ml/hectare of the foliar fertilizer for the flowering phase of the soybeans on the leaf surfaces of the soybeans in the initial flowering phase; then 500 ml/hectare of the foliar fertilizer in the soybean pod-bearing period is sprayed in the pod-bearing period of the soybeans, and the same amount of clear water is sprayed in comparison;
the results show that the foliar spraying amount of the soybean in the initial flowering period and the pod bearing period is 500 ml/hectare, and the yield is increased by 8.3 percent compared with the control treatment of spraying clear water.
The average yield increasing value is 777 yuan/hectare, the input-output ratio is 1:17.3, the trace elements are increased, the ammonium molybdate price is higher, and the yield is slightly improved but the output-input ratio is reduced.
Comparative example 2: experiment for trace factor of foliar fertilizer in flowering phase with low boric acid dosage and increased ammonium molybdate dosage
The soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer, 10 parts by mass of humic acid and 10 parts by mass of pyroligneous liquor; 20 parts of urea; 10 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 1 part by mass of boric acid; 5 parts of magnesium sulfate; 2 parts of ammonium molybdate; 0.03 part by mass of paclobutrazol; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-dropping element) and 1 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.8 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; .
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
The composition of the foliar fertilizer in the pod bearing period of the soybeans and the proportion of each component are the same as those in example 1.
Spraying 500 ml/hectare of the foliar fertilizer for the flowering phase of the soybeans on the leaf surfaces of the soybeans in the initial flowering phase; then 500 ml/hectare of the foliar fertilizer in the soybean pod-bearing period is sprayed in the pod-bearing period of the soybeans, and the same amount of clear water is sprayed in comparison;
the results show that the foliar spraying amount of the soybean in the initial flowering period and the pod bearing period is 500 ml/hectare, and the yield is increased by 8.7 percent compared with the control treatment of spraying clear water.
The average yield increase value is 814 yuan/hectare, and the input-output ratio is 1: 21.4. The molybdenum-boron ratio required by the soybean in the flowering period basically meets the requirement of nodule nitrogen fixation mechanism formation, and the results are almost equal to 2 parts of boric acid and 1 part of ammonium molybdate and 2 parts of boric acid and ammonium molybdate, so the cost and the yield ratio are considered.
Comparative example 3: soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer trace element boric acid reduction test
The soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer, 10 parts by mass of humic acid and 10 parts by mass of pyroligneous liquor; 20 parts of urea; 10 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 1 part by mass of boric acid; 6 parts of magnesium sulfate; 1 part by mass of ammonium molybdate; 0.03 part by mass of paclobutrazol; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-dropping element) and 1 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.8 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the balance of water.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
The composition of the foliar fertilizer in the pod bearing period of the soybeans and the proportion of each component are the same as those in example 1.
Spraying 500 ml/hectare of the foliar fertilizer for the flowering phase of the soybeans on the leaf surfaces of the soybeans in the initial flowering phase; then 500 ml/hectare of the foliar fertilizer in the soybean pod-bearing period is sprayed in the pod-bearing period of the soybeans, and the same amount of clear water is sprayed in comparison;
the results show that the foliar spraying amount of the soybean in the initial flowering period and the pod bearing period is 500 ml/hectare, and the yield is increased by 6.3 percent compared with the control treatment of spraying clear water.
The average yield increase value is 592 yuan/hectare input-output ratio is 1: 19.7; the trace elements are used in a small amount, but the yield is also reduced.
The detailed data of the above examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are shown in the following table:
spraying 500 ml/hectare in the initial flowering stage and 500 ml/hectare in the initial podding stage, and the total amount is 1 liter
Comparative example 4: comparative test of compound sodium nitrophenolate and DA-6 of foliar fertilizer in pod setting stage
The composition and the content of each component of the foliar fertilizer for the soybean flowering phase are the same as those in example 1.
The foliar fertilizer for the pod setting stage of the soybeans is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 15 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 6 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (anti-dropping element) and 61 parts by mass of DA-61; 1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Spraying 500 ml/hectare soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer on the leaf surface of the soybean in the initial flowering phase; then 500 ml/hectare of the foliar fertilizer in the soybean pod-bearing period is sprayed in the pod-bearing period of the soybeans, and the same amount of clear water is sprayed in comparison;
the results show that the yield is increased by 10.2 percent respectively compared with the yield increased by spraying 500 ml/hectare on the leaf surfaces of the soybeans in the initial flowering period and the pod bearing period. Compared with DA-6, the compound sodium nitrophenolate is a growth regulator, the compound sodium nitrophenolate takes effect quickly, is alkaline, takes effect slowly for DA-6, is acidic, and is better in intuition in reaction.
Claims (8)
1. A soybean foliar fertilizer, which comprises a soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer and a soybean pod bearing phase foliar fertilizer;
the foliar fertilizer for the flowering phase of the soybeans is prepared from the following raw materials: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 10 parts of pyroligneous liquor; 18-22 parts of urea; 8-12 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 1-3 parts by mass of boric acid; 4-6 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.8-1.2 parts of ammonium molybdate; 0.01-0.04 parts by mass of paclobutrazol; 0.004-0.006 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and 1-2 parts by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5-1 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the balance of water;
the foliar fertilizer for the pod setting stage of the soybeans is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 10-20 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 4-8 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.003 to 0.006 part of parachlorophenoxy acetic acid (anti-falling element) and 0.8 to 1.2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5-1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; in the soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer, the mass ratio of urea to monopotassium phosphate is 2: 1; in the foliar fertilizer for the flowering phase of soybean, the mass ratio of boric acid, ammonium molybdate and magnesium sulfate is as follows: 2: 1: 5.
2. the foliar fertilizer for soybean according to claim 1, characterized in that: the foliar fertilizer for the flowering phase of the soybeans is prepared from the following raw materials: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 10 parts of pyroligneous liquor; 20 parts of urea; 10 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 2 parts by mass of boric acid; 5 parts of magnesium sulfate; 1 part by mass of ammonium molybdate; 0.03 part by mass of paclobutrazol; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and 1 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5-1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the balance of water.
3. The foliar fertilizer for soybean according to claim 1, characterized in that: the foliar fertilizer for the pod setting stage of the soybeans is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts by mass of humic acid based on 100 parts by mass of the foliar fertilizer; 15 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate; 6 parts of magnesium sulfate; 0.005 part by mass of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and 1 part by mass of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5-1 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the balance of water.
4. A process for preparing a foliar fertilizer for soybean as claimed in claim 1 or 2 which comprises: the foliar fertilizer for the soybean flowering phase is prepared by the following steps:
1) adding wood vinegar liquid and urea into humic acid solution, stirring, adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate, stirring, and adding boric acid and magnesium sulfate to obtain A liquid solution;
2) dissolving ammonium molybdate with hot water, cooling to obtain ammonium molybdate water solution, adding ethanol solution of paclobutrazol and Fall-proof agent, adding compound sodium nitrophenolate to obtain solution B,
3) mixing the solution A and the solution B, and adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to obtain a soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer;
the foliar fertilizer for the pod bearing period of the soybeans is prepared by the method comprising the following steps:
a) adding monopotassium phosphate into the humic acid solution, stirring, and adding magnesium sulfate to obtain a liquid solution a;
b) dissolving the anti-falcarin with alcohol, and adding compound sodium nitrophenolate to obtain a solution b;
c) and (3) mixing the liquid solution a and the solution b, adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and stirring to obtain the foliar fertilizer in the pod setting stage of the soybeans.
5. The use of the foliar fertilizer for soybean of claim 1 or 2 in increasing and preserving the flower and the pod of the soybean in the pod stage of the soybean.
6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that: the soybean is soybean for continuous cropping and crop rotation.
7. A method of application of a foliar fertiliser for soybean as claimed in claim 1 or 2 comprising:
spraying the foliar fertilizer for the soybean flowering phase to soybean leaf surfaces in the initial soybean flowering phase; and (3) spraying the foliar fertilizer in the soybean pod forming period to soybean leaf surfaces at the initial soybean pod forming stage.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the spraying volume ratio of the soybean flowering phase foliar fertilizer to the soybean pod stage foliar fertilizer is 1: 1; more specifically, the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer in the soybean flowering phase and the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer in the soybean pod bearing phase are both 500 ml/hectare.
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| CN112174723A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-05 | 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | Special biological organic green fertilizer for soybeans and preparation method thereof |
| CN114605195A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-10 | 黑龙江晟禾农业生物科技有限公司 | Soybean high-yield agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN116686837A (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-09-05 | 黑龙江省农业科学院大豆研究所 | A preparation for preventing and treating leguminous plant, and its application method and application |
| CN116606174A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-08-18 | 黑龙江省农业科学院大豆研究所 | Soybean foliar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117567198A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-02-20 | 安徽六国化工股份有限公司 | Water-soluble fertilizer for soybean foliar spray and use method and application thereof |
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