CN105367177B - A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer and its method of administration - Google Patents
A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer and its method of administration Download PDFInfo
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- CN105367177B CN105367177B CN201510926439.1A CN201510926439A CN105367177B CN 105367177 B CN105367177 B CN 105367177B CN 201510926439 A CN201510926439 A CN 201510926439A CN 105367177 B CN105367177 B CN 105367177B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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Abstract
It includes compost tea 21%~41%, solid Water soluble fertilizer 59%~78%, microelement foliage fertilizer 0.3%~0.5% that the present invention relates to a kind of drop sprinkling irrigations with solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer and its method of administration, raw material weight percentage composition；The needs of fertilizer of the invention meets the solanaceous vegetables time of infertility to nutrient, and agricultural wastes resource is recycled, compost tea is made, having improves soil texture, the effect of fertilizing soil；In addition, compost tea can be used as the supplier of the soil organism for drop equipment of sprinkler irrigation, cost is lower than bio-bacterial manure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer and its method of administration, belong to agriculture
Industry technical field.
Background technique
Since the 1980s, the vegetable cultivation industry in China is quickly grown, and is had become and is only second to the of cereal crops
Two grande culture objects.Greenhouse vegetable growing area in China's was also had reached with annual 5% speed increase by 2012 in recent years
24700000 hectares, become the maximum country of greenhouse production area, the world.Wherein, solanaceous vegetables are most heavy in the production of China vegetables
One of fruit vegetables wanted.It, which refers to, has with the solanaceous vegetable that fruit is edible part mainly including tomato, capsicum, eggplant etc.
The characteristics of yield is high, and fertilizer requirement is big, indeterminate growth, can repeatedly harvest within its entire breeding time, thus can take away in soil
A large amount of nutrients.
Large-scale intensive vegetables high yield is maintained, be bound to liquid manure dosage to be increased in agricultural production.However, chemical fertilizer
Excessive application, especially a large amount of investments of nitrogenous fertilizer, not only cause utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer relatively low, also bring the risk of environmental pollution.Water
Dividing supply is to determine that root system absorbs the deciding factor of nutrient and the key factor of Soil Nutrient Leaching.Present peasant household irrigates
Broad irrigation is generally taken, the modes such as washes away, the lower grade mode of this kind of water-fertilizer integral not only increases the loss of nutrient elution
And the risk of soil hardening and acidification, also result in the significant wastage of water resource.
Drop sprinkling irrigation is water-fertilizer integral, i.e. the fine mode of Farmland Water and nutrient comprehensive regulation and integrated management, can
With the demand according to crop different growth stage to nutrient, the supply of nutrient is adjusted flexibly, contains to control nutrient in soil
Amount, reduces the elution and loss of element.Meanwhile cooperating drop spray irrigation system using water soluble fertilizer, water requirement is only to apply commonly
The 30% of chemical fertilizer water consumption, and hardly need artificial.In the case where China currently advocates the overall background for greatly developing water-saving agriculture, benefit
Nutrient and the water management that vegetables production is carried out with drop equipment of sprinkler irrigation, had both met the requirement of water-saving irrigation, had also dramatically saved
Labor cost.
The development of China's water soluble fertilizer starts to walk evening, and product currently on the market is with a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Based on, lack the organic substance for being used for soil improvement, and at high price, limits it and be widely applied.Farmyard manure is as supplement
The main source of the soil organism, cheap and convenient for obtaining, but farmyard manure generally may not apply to water-fertilizer integral and set
It applies, therefore peasant household will impose decomposed farmyard manure individually also to make up the deficiency of organic substance in soil, substantially increase labor
Fatigue resistance and labour cost.
104446968 A of Chinese patent literature CN (application number 201410695186.7) provides a kind of drop sprinkling irrigation water
Dissolubility high concentration organic-inorganic complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof, contained element are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, and synthesis is former
Material is urea, water soluble phosphorous fertilizer, water soluble potassic fertilizer, water soluble organic substance, water-soluble chelated microelement, plant growth regulating
Agent.The fertilizer is organic-inorganic synthesis, and dissolubility is good, and plant recovery of nutrient is high, can cooperate drip irrigation equipment, realizes liquid manure one
Change.But there is also deficiency, the fertilizer is without apparent specific aim, for example, the fertilizer is without determining fertilising object, it is raw for vegetables
The nutrient supply of different developmental phases is also without clear dosage in production, so in actual production, still unavoidable peasant excessively applies
The problem of fertilizer；And used water soluble organic substance fertilizer is at high price, reduces the benefit of agricultural production.
The different stages of growth of solanaceous vegetables are to the quantity required and type difference of nutrient, and different nutrients are in soil
There is also differences for behavioral trait in earth, and the fertilizer for meeting vegetables nutrient demand is only formulated according to absorption characteristic of the vegetables to nutrient
Material formula, the key technology for being only the rational application of fertilizer to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, guarantee vegetables high yield, and set meal fertilizer technology is most
Simple and practical one of method.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer
And its method of administration, the nutrition package fertilizer are suitable for drop equipment of sprinkler irrigation, recycle agricultural wastes resource, be able to satisfy solanaceous vegetables
Demand of the facilities vegetable difference growth and development period to nutrient.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer is by compost tea, solid Water soluble fertilizer and micro
Element foliar fertilizer composition, raw material weight percentage composition are as follows:
Compost tea 21%~41%, solid Water soluble fertilizer 59%~78%, microelement foliage fertilizer 0.3%~0.5%；
The compost tea raw material and raw material weight degree is as follows: feces of livestock and poultry 30%~40%, stalk 40%
~45%, weeds 15%~30%；
The solid Water soluble fertilizer raw material and raw material weight degree is as follows: 15%~32% balanced type is water-soluble
Fertilizer, 36%~59% high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer, calcium nitrate 9%~32%, magnesium sulfate 5%~14%；
In the microelement foliage fertilizer: iron content 0.9%~1%, Zn-ef ficiency content 0.55%~0.6%, manganese
Constituent content 0.9%~1%, boron content 0.9%~1.25%, copper coin cellulose content 0.2~0.4%；Wherein, iron, zinc,
Manganese, copper are EDTA Chelating state.
Preferred according to the present invention, the compost tea is obtained as follows: each raw material of compost tea is mixed in proportion,
Compost tea bag with holes is made after sufficiently decomposed, compost tea bag is placed in the ventilation of 5 times of volumes and is removed in the water of chlorine, compost is added
The microbial nutrition substance of gross mass 1%~5% keeps extraction of ventilating in solution, 1m3The aeration quantity of water be 0.2-0.8L/h, 2
Filtrate obtained by filtering supernatant, as compost tea after it.
It is further preferred that the microbial nutrition substance is mass ratio 1:(1~0.5): (1~0.5): (1~0.5)
Molasses, fish hydrolysate, seawood meal and humic acid mixture.
It is further preferred that in the compost tea: total nitrogen content 0.14%~0.2%, content of tatal phosphorus 0.05%~
0.09%, full potassium content 0.35%~0.6%, the content of organic matter 0.15%~0.31%, content of humic acid 0.03%~
0.06%, moisture content 99.3%~98.9% contains living bacteria count 12~2,000,000,000 in every gram of compost tea.
Preferred according to the present invention, feces of livestock and poultry water content is 50~60wt%；Stalk is leguminous plant, wheat, corn
Field crop stalk.Feces of livestock and poultry can be the excrement of the poultry such as domestic animals or chicken, duck such as pig, ox, sheep.
It is preferred according to the present invention, the solid Water soluble fertilizer raw material and raw material weight degree are as follows: 23%~27%
Balanced type Water soluble fertilizer, 44%~50% high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer, calcium nitrate 19%~21%, magnesium sulfate 7.3%~8.7%；
Wherein, nitrogen in balanced type Water soluble fertilizer, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide content be respectively 20wt%, 20wt%, 20wt%；High potassium
Nitrogen in type Water soluble fertilizer, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide mass content be respectively 16wt%, 8wt%, 34wt%.
It is further preferred that in the solid Water soluble fertilizer: nitrogen content 15%~17%, phosphorus pentoxide content 6%~
11%, potassium oxide content 15%~26%, calcium oxide content 2%~8%, content of magnesia 1%~3%, micronutrient levels
0.2%~3%；Wherein, microelement is iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron element, is EDTA Chelating state.
Currently preferred, described drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, raw material weight percentage
Content is as follows:
Compost tea 30%~39%, solid Water soluble fertilizer 60%~70% and microelement foliage fertilizer 0.3%~0.5%.
A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, it is water-soluble by compost tea 23%~40%, solid
Fertilizer 59%~77% and Medium-microelements foliar fertilizer 0.3%~0.5% form；In nutrition package fertilizer nitrogen content be 15%~
19%；Phosphorus pentoxide content is 6%~12%；Potassium oxide content is 16%~28%, and further preferred, nitrogen content is
17.3%, phosphorus pentoxide content 9.6%, potassium oxide content 22.1%；The compost tea raw material and raw material weight hundred
Divide as follows than content: feces of livestock and poultry 30%~40%, stalk 40%~45%, weeds 15%~30%；Compost tea is by as follows
Method be made: each raw material of compost tea is mixed in proportion, sufficiently it is decomposed after compost tea bag with holes is made, compost tea bag is placed in
5 times of volume ventilations remove in the water of chlorine, the microbial nutrition substance of compost gross mass 2% are added, microbial nutrition substance is
Mass ratio be the molasses of 1:1:1:1, fish hydrolysate, seawood meal and humic acid mixture；Keep leaching of ventilating in solution
It mentions, 1m3The aeration quantity of water is 0.2-0.8L/h, filtrate obtained by filtering supernatant, as compost tea after 2 days；
The solid Water soluble fertilizer raw material and raw material weight degree is as follows: 17%~32% balanced type is water-soluble
Fertilizer, 36%~53% high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer, calcium nitrate 9.7%~32%, magnesium sulfate 5.7%~14%；
In the microelement foliage fertilizer: iron content 0.9%~1%, Zn content 0.55%~0.6%, manganese content 0.9%
~1%, boron content 0.9%~1.25%, copper content 0.2~0.4%；Wherein, iron, zinc, manganese, copper are EDTA chelating
State；The drop sprinkling irrigation is fixed in continuously the bear fruit solanaceous vegetables do not concentrated such as tomato with solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer
Breeding time uses after plant.
Compost tea of the invention is extracting solution of the organic materials of decomposition reactor system after the aerobic extraction of water, and not only containing can
With the quick-acting mineral nutrients utilized by plant, also soluble organic nutrient substance rich in provides battalion for edaphon
It supports.Importantly, compost tea is also microbial populations in soil resources bank, biological flora is abundant, enormous amount.The generation of microorganism
It thanks to the organic substances such as organic acid, the enzyme of activity generation, is capable of the potential nutrients of activating soil, improves the effective of difficultly soluble nutrient
Property, balanced nutrient is provided for plant.
The supplement of large amount of organic matter also helps the formation of soil aggregate structure in compost tea of the invention, promotes soil
Gas permeability and water-holding capacity, are effectively improved soil texture, to promote the root system development of plant, not only enhance the disease resistance of plant,
Also function to the effect for improving crop yield and improving quality.A large amount of beneficial microbes contained by it pass through anti-with phytopathogen
Raw effect, space and nutrient competition, hyperparasitism and Induction of Systemic Resistance of Plant and comprehensive function, inhibit plant soil borne disease
The biocontrol effect of bacteriostatic and disease prevention is played in harmful generation.
Compost tea of the invention can also can be sprayed with foliage-spray in conjunction with trickle irrigation, not only easy to use to produce effects fastly, also right
Agricultural wastes resource is effectively recycled, and production cost is reduced.
A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, it is water-soluble by compost tea 22%~40%, solid
Fertilizer 60%~78% and Medium-microelements foliar fertilizer 0.4%~0.5% form, in nutrition package fertilizer nitrogen content be 14%~
19%；Phosphorus pentoxide content is 6%~12%；Potassium oxide content is 16%~29%, it is further preferred that nitrogen content is
16.4%, phosphorus pentoxide content 9%, potassium oxide content 22.5%；
The compost tea raw material and raw material weight degree is as follows: feces of livestock and poultry 30%~40%, stalk 40%
~45%, weeds 15%~30%；Compost tea is obtained as follows: each raw material of compost tea mixed in proportion, it is sufficiently rotten
Compost tea bag with holes is made after ripe, compost tea bag is placed in the water for removing chlorine, the micro- life for accounting for compost gross mass 5% is added
Object nutriment, microbial nutrition substance be mass ratio be 1:0.5:0.5:0.5 molasses, fish hydrolysate, seawood meal
With the mixture of humic acid；It keeps ventilating in solution, 1m3The aeration quantity of water is that 0.2-0.8L/h filters supernatant after extraction 2 days
Compost tea is made in liquid；
The solid Water soluble fertilizer raw material and raw material weight degree is as follows: 15%~27% balanced type is water-soluble
Fertilizer, 42%~59% high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer, calcium nitrate 9%~30%, magnesium sulfate 4.9%~13%；
In the microelement foliage fertilizer: iron content 0.9%~1%, Zn-ef ficiency content 0.55%~0.6%, manganese
Constituent content 0.9%~1%, boron content 0.9%~1.25%, copper coin cellulose content 0.2~0.4%；Wherein, iron, zinc,
Manganese, copper are EDTA Chelating state.The drop sprinkling irrigation is connected with solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer in eggplant, capsicum etc.
Breeding time uses after the solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable field planting of continuous concentration of bearing fruit.
The above-mentioned drop sprinkling irrigation method of administration of solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, steps are as follows:
Seedling stage application:
1. compost tea is diluted 100 times, in being colonized first 3~7 days trickle irrigations 1 time, trickle irrigation amount is 10~30L/ mus；7 after field planting
~15 days trickle irrigations 1~2 time, trickle irrigation amount are 5~15L/ mus, and each irrigation quantity is 2~5m3/ mu；
2. after calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate are dissolved respectively with the water of 5 times of quality, in being colonized first 3~7 days trickle irrigations 1 time, applying
Amount is respectively 2~10kg/ mus and 1~4kg/ mus；7~15 days trickle irrigation 1~2 time after field planting, each amount of application is respectively 1~5kg/
Mu and 1~2kg/ mu, each irrigation quantity be 2~5m3/ mu；3. after balanced type Water soluble fertilizer is dissolved with the water of 5 times of quality, Yu Ding
7~15 days trickle irrigation 1~2 time after plant, irrigation quantity are 2~5m3/ mu；The each amount of application of balanced type Water soluble fertilizer is 3~6kg/ mus；
The application of result latter stage in florescence-:
1. being used for trickle irrigation and blade face in florescence to result latter stage after the compost tea dilution for being 10~20L/ mus by amount of application
It spraying, wherein 6~18L/ mus 100 times of dilution are used for trickle irrigation, and 2~4L/ mu 200 times of dilutions are for foliage-spray, and every 7~15 days
Once, each irrigation quantity of trickle irrigation is 5~8m3/ mu.
2. after microelement foliage fertilizer is diluted 600~1200 times, carrying out foliage-spray in florescence to result latter stage, often
7~15 days primary, each 50ml.
3. it is after 3~6kg/ mus of balanced type Water soluble fertilizer is dissolved with water in phase trickle irrigation of bearing fruit of blooming by amount of application, every 10~
12 days primary, and terminates first 10~14 days in result latter stage, and trickle irrigation last time, each irrigation quantity is 5~8m3/ mu；
4. be after 3~6kg/ mus of high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer is dissolved with water by amount of application, result initial stage to result latter stage into
Row trickle irrigation, every 7~10 days primary, and each irrigation quantity is 5~8m3/ mu.
5. by amount of application be 1~2kg/ mus of calcium nitrate and amount of application is that 0.5~1kg/ mus of magnesium sulfate are dilute with the water of 5 times of quality
After releasing, in best fruiting period trickle irrigation, 7~10 days primary, and each trickle irrigation amount is 5~8m3/ mu.
Currently preferred, the compost after compost tea use can continue to ferment or water is added uniformly to pour to spill in field planting ditch.
The compost tea answers Fresh, using finishing as far as possible in 6 hours.
Each component raw material described above is commercial goods, wherein balanced type fine work Water soluble fertilizer (20%-20%-20%) and
High potassium type fine work Water soluble fertilizer (16%-8%-34%) is microelement (iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron) content 0.3%~0.5%
Water soluble fertilizer, market is on sale, and microelement foliage fertilizer Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co., Ltd. is on sale.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the present invention is reasonably by a great number of elements, moderate-element Water soluble fertilizer, containing multiple beneficial microorganism and organic matter
Compost tea and microelement foliage fertilizer carry out scientific matching, and contained nutrient general equilibrium is suitable for drop equipment of sprinkler irrigation,
It is able to achieve accurately nutrient supply to match with crop nutrition content absorbing rule, meets the nutrition need in solanaceous vegetables crop entire growth period
It asks, averagely increases production 26%, increase income 3000 yuan/mu, cost reduces by 54%.
It is by natural 2. compost tea contained by the present invention can provide a large amount of organic matter and multiple beneficial flora for soil
Product spontaneous fermentation forms, and under conditions of not influencing soil microenvironment, also has improvement soil, and rehabilitating soil is ecological,
The effect of promoting plant growth, reducing the probability of crop infection pest and disease damage, improve crop quality.
3. the present invention makes compost tea using agricultural wastes, resource circulation utilization is realized, save the cost is able to cooperate drop spray
Equipment is filled to use, really realize water-fertilizer integral with improve the soil, growth-promoting, upgrading combine, can substantially reduce labor intensity, improvement is native
Earth environment improves planting benefit.
Specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail, but not limited to this.It is used in embodiment
Compost tea bag be by prior art preparation, but in actual production, compost tea bag can be commercially available, and directly be used
In the preparation of compost tea.
The application of fertilizer is a mu amount of application in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, dosage includes compost tea 34kg, nitric acid per acre
Calcium 11kg, magnesium sulfate 6.5kg, balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (19-19-19) 36kg, high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (15-6-30) 60kg and micro
Element foliar fertilizer 0.75L.Nitrogen content is 12.6% in the set meal fertilizer of above-mentioned raw materials composition；Phosphorus pentoxide content is 8.1%；Oxygen
Changing potassium content is 18.7%.
34kg compost tea raw material: feces of livestock and poultry 11kg, stalk 14kg, weeds 9kg.
Seedling stage:
1. in field planting preceding 3 days, by freshly prepared compost tea 10L dilute 100 times of progress trickle irrigations, compost can continue ferment or
Add water uniformly to pour to spill in field planting ditch；2kg calcium nitrate and 1kg magnesium sulfate are dissolved with the water of 5 times of quality, dripped after 100 times of dilution
It fills；Irrigation quantity is 2~5m3/ mu.
2. after field planting 7 days, with 100 times of 5L compost tea dilution, calcium nitrate and each 1kg and 3kg balanced type water of magnesium sulfate
Molten fertilizer (19-19-19) trickle irrigation 2 times, primary every 10 days, total irrigation quantity is 2~5m every time3/ mu.
Result latter stage in florescence-:
1. after 6L and 4L compost tea is diluted 100 times and 200 times respectively, carrying out trickle irrigation and leaf in florescence to result latter stage
Face sprays, and 7~15 days primary, and each irrigation quantity of trickle irrigation is 5~8m3/ mu.
2. by microelement foliage fertilizer dilute 600~1200 times, florescence to result latter stage carry out foliage-spray, 7~
15 days primary, each 50ml.
3. after being diluted with 3kg balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (19-19-19) with water, bloom bear fruit the phase carry out trickle irrigation, 12 days one
Secondary, each irrigation quantity is 5~8m3/ mu.
4. after being diluted with 3~4kg high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (15-6-30) with water, being dripped at result initial stage to result latter stage
It fills, 7~10 days primary, and each irrigation quantity is 5~8m3/ mu.
5. after diluting with 7kg calcium nitrate and 3.5kg magnesium sulfate with water, carrying out trickle irrigation in the best fruiting period, 7~10 days primary, often
Secondary irrigation quantity is 5~8m3/ mu.
Embodiment 2
A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, dosage includes compost tea 53kg, nitric acid per acre
Calcium 22.5kg, magnesium sulfate 9.5kg, balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (20-20-20) 29kg, high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (16-8-34) 48kg and micro-
Secondary element foliar fertilizer 0.6L.Nitrogen content is 7.8% in the set meal fertilizer of above-mentioned raw materials composition；Phosphorus pentoxide content is 5.2%；Oxygen
Changing potassium content is 12.2%.
53kg compost tea raw material: feces of livestock and poultry 16kg, stalk 25kg, weeds 12kg.
The application of embodiment fertilizer is same as Example 1, the difference is that:
Seedling stage:
1. first 3 days of field planting, the amount of application of compost tea is 20L；Calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate dosage are respectively 6kg and 2kg.
2. after field planting 7 days, each amount of application of compost tea is 10L, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (20-
20-20) each amount of application is respectively 3kg, 2kg and 5kg, trickle irrigation 2 times, primary every 13 days.
Result latter stage in florescence-:
1. trickle irrigation and foliage-spray compost tea dosage are respectively 12L and 3L every time.
2. trickle irrigation dosage is 5kg to balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (20-20-20) every time.
3. high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (16-8-34) trickle irrigation dosage is 4~5kg every time.
4. the best fruiting period, calcium nitrate and each trickle irrigation dosage of magnesium sulfate are 10.5kg and 3.5kg.
Embodiment 3
A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, dosage includes compost tea 72kg, nitric acid per acre
Calcium 34kg, magnesium sulfate 15kg, balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (20-20-20) 18kg, high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (20-10-30) 38kg and micro
Element foliar fertilizer 0.6L.Nitrogen content is 6.3% in the set meal fertilizer of above-mentioned raw materials composition；Phosphorus pentoxide content is 4.2%；Oxidation
Potassium content is 8.4%.
72kg compost tea raw material: feces of livestock and poultry 22kg, stalk 32kg, weeds 18kg.
The application of embodiment fertilizer is same as Example 1, the difference is that:
Seedling stage:
1. first 3 days of field planting, the amount of application of compost tea is 30L；Calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate dosage are respectively 10kg and 4kg.
2. after field planting 7 days, each amount of application of compost tea is 15L, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (20-20-
20) each amount of application is respectively 5kg, 2kg and 6kg, trickle irrigation 2 times, primary every 15 days.
Result latter stage in florescence-:
1. trickle irrigation and foliage-spray compost tea dosage are respectively by 12L and 3L every time.
2. trickle irrigation dosage is 6kg to balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (20-20-20) every time.
3. high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (20-10-30) trickle irrigation dosage is 6kg every time.
4. the best fruiting period, calcium nitrate and each trickle irrigation dosage of magnesium sulfate are 14kg and 7kg.
Embodiment 4
A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, dosage includes compost tea 31kg, nitric acid per acre
Calcium 10kg, magnesium sulfate 5.5kg, balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (19-19-19) 30kg, high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (16-6-36) 66kg and micro
Element foliar fertilizer 0.75L.Nitrogen content is 12% in the set meal fertilizer of above-mentioned raw materials composition；Phosphorus pentoxide content is 4.2%；Oxidation
Potassium content is 12.5%.
31kg compost tea raw material: feces of livestock and poultry 12kg, stalk 14kg, weeds 5kg.
The application (mu amount of application) of embodiment fertilizer:
Seedling stage: fertilizing method with embodiment 1, the difference is that, field planting 15 days after trickle irrigation compost tea, calcium nitrate, sulfuric acid
Magnesium and balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (19-19-19), application times are 1 time.
Result latter stage in florescence-: method of administration with embodiment 1, the difference is that, high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer be N, P2O5、
K2The high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer that O mass content is 16%, 6%, 36%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, dosage includes compost tea 48kg, nitric acid per acre
Calcium 19.5kg, magnesium sulfate 7.5kg, balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (20-20-20) 24kg, high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (11-11-35) 52kg and
Microelement foliage fertilizer 0.6L.Nitrogen content is 6.5% in the set meal fertilizer of above-mentioned raw materials composition；Phosphorus pentoxide content is 6.5%；
Potassium oxide content is 14.7%.
48kg compost tea raw material: feces of livestock and poultry 16kg, stalk 20kg, weeds 12kg.
The application (mu amount of application) of embodiment fertilizer:
Seedling stage: fertilizing method with embodiment 1, the difference is that, field planting 15 days after trickle irrigation compost tea, calcium nitrate, sulfuric acid
Magnesium and balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (20-20-20), application times are 1 time；Wherein, balanced type Water soluble fertilizer is N, P2O5、K2O mass content
For 20%, 20%, 20% balanced type Water soluble fertilizer.
Result latter stage in florescence-: method of administration with embodiment 1, the difference is that, high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer be N, P2O5、
K2The high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer that O mass content is 11%, 11%, 35%.
Embodiment 6
A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, dosage includes compost tea 65kg, nitric acid per acre
Calcium 29kg, magnesium sulfate 13kg, balanced type Water soluble fertilizer (17-17-17) 15kg, high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (15-15-30) 41kg and micro
Element foliar fertilizer 0.6L.Nitrogen content is 5.6% in the set meal fertilizer of above-mentioned raw materials composition；Phosphorus pentoxide content is 5.6%；Oxidation
Potassium content is 9.4%.
65kg compost tea raw material: feces of livestock and poultry 20kg, stalk 28kg, weeds 17kg.
The application (mu amount of application) of embodiment fertilizer:
Seedling stage: fertilizing method with embodiment 1, the difference is that, field planting 15 days after trickle irrigation compost tea, calcium nitrate, sulfuric acid
Magnesium and balanced type Water soluble fertilizer, application times are 1 time；Wherein, balanced type Water soluble fertilizer is N, P2O5、K2O mass content be 17%,
17%, 17% balanced type Water soluble fertilizer.
Result latter stage in florescence-: method of administration with embodiment 1, the difference is that, high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer be N, P2O5、
K2The high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer that O mass content is 11%, 11%, 35%.
Test example:
The facilities vegetable application experiment of above embodiments 1~6 and comparative example:
Test site:
Town in the Shandong Province Shouguang municipalization of the Shandong Province market town Pingdu City Guo Jia
Test period:
In November, 2014 in April, 2015, greenhouse cultivation.
For trying vegetable variety:
Tomato (Zhongza 101) and eggplant (Su Qi 3)
The fertilizer of Examples 1 to 3 and embodiment 4~6 is applied in two testing sites respectively, test variety be respectively tomato (in
It is miscellaneous 101) and eggplant (Su Qi 3).
Comparative example:
Common compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide mass content are respectively 18%, 18%, 18%, and
Punching fertilising, nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide mass content are respectively 16%, 6%, 24% and 3000kg farmyard manure.Comparison
Example is divided into comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, carries out respectively 2 testing sites, for examination vegetable variety be respectively tomato (Zhongza 101) and
Eggplant (Su Qi 3).The comparative example fertilization ratio fertilizing method of each testing site is peasant habit method: will be all general before ploughing
Logical compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and farmyard manure are spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, are then turned over and are buried, and punching fertilising is applied in the punching of vegetables fruiting period, 7~
10 days primary.
Experimental example 1
After the test, each embodiment and comparative example cell production is counted, and calculates investment and income, the results are shown in Table 1 institute
Show:
Table 1
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 |
| Fertilizer (kg/ canopy) | - 96% | - 92% | - 90% | - 96% | - 92% | - 90% |
| Fertilizer cost (member/canopy) | - 25% | - 24% | - 23% | - 22% | - 21% | - 20% |
| Power consumption (member/canopy/time) | - 47% | - 44% | - 50% | - 46% | - 45% | - 47% |
| Labour (member/canopy/time) | - 90% | - 90% | - 90% | - 90% | - 90% | - 90% |
| Irrigation water (side/canopy/time) | - 80% | - 82% | - 83% | - 80% | - 80% | - 81% |
| Fruit yield (ton/canopy) | + 36% | + 11% | + 32% | + 32% | + 22% | + 38% |
| Fruit takes in (member/canopy) | + 42% | + 16% | + 42% | + 37% | + 29% | + 31% |
Experimental example 2
After Seeding planting 3 months, 15 plants of plant are randomly selected from each embodiment and comparative example cell, count its root knot respectively
Nematode Infection Rate；And the disease incidence of each cell plant gray mold is counted, statistical result is shown in Table 2.
Root-knot nematode is the obligate endoparasite of root system of plant, and facility solanaceous vegetables easily infect nematode, typically result in and subtract
Produce 20%~30%.
Gray mold is the important disease of Plastic Greenhouse Tomato Cultivation In Relation and eggplant, and germ mainly encroaches on fruit, in fruit surface, calyx
And occurring the mould layer of a large amount of taupe on carpopodium, fruit dehydration ossifys, and pathogenic bacteria belong to Botrytis cinerea Pseudomonas fungi, can generally cause
The underproduction 20%~40%, severe one is up to 50%.
Table 2
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, is by compost tea, solid Water soluble fertilizer and micro member
Plain foliar fertilizer composition, raw material weight percentage composition are as follows:
Compost tea 21%~41%, solid Water soluble fertilizer 59%~78%, microelement foliage fertilizer 0.3%~0.5%；
The compost tea raw material and raw material weight degree is as follows: feces of livestock and poultry 30%~40%, stalk 40%~45% are miscellaneous
Grass 15%~30%；The compost tea is obtained as follows: each raw material of compost tea is mixed in proportion, sufficiently it is decomposed after be made
Compost tea bag is placed in 5 times of volume ventilations and removed in the water of chlorine, compost gross mass 1%~5% is added by compost tea bag with holes
Microbial nutrition substance keeps extraction of ventilating in solution, 1m3The aeration quantity of water is 0.2-0.8 L/h, filtering supernatant after 2 days
Gained filtrate, as compost tea；The microbial nutrition substance is mass ratio 1:(1~0.5): (1~0.5): (1~0.5)
Molasses, fish hydrolysate, seawood meal and humic acid mixture, feces of livestock and poultry water content be 50~60 wt%；Stalk is
Field crop stalk, feces of livestock and poultry are the excrement of pig, ox, sheep, chicken or duck；In the compost tea: total nitrogen content 0.14%~
0.2%, content of tatal phosphorus 0.05%~0.09%, full potassium content 0.35%~0.6%, the content of organic matter 0.15%~0.31%, humic acid contains
Amount 0.03%~0.06%, moisture content 99.3%~98.9% contain living bacteria count 12~2,000,000,000 in every gram of compost tea；
The solid Water soluble fertilizer raw material and raw material weight degree is as follows: 15%~32% balanced type Water soluble fertilizer, 36%~
59% high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer, calcium nitrate 9%~32%, magnesium sulfate 5%~14%；Wherein, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content in balanced type Water soluble fertilizer
Respectively 20 wt%, 20 wt %, 20 wt %；Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass content are respectively 16 wt %, 8 wt in high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer
%,34 wt %；
In the microelement foliage fertilizer: iron content 0.9%~1%, Zn-ef ficiency content 0.55%~0.6%, manganese element content
0.9%~1%, boron content 0.9%~1.25%, copper coin cellulose content 0.2~0.4%；Wherein, iron, zinc, manganese, copper are
EDTA Chelating state.
2. drop sprinkling irrigation according to claim 1 solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, which is characterized in that described
In solid Water soluble fertilizer: nitrogen content 15%~17%, phosphorus pentoxide content 6%~11%, potassium oxide content 15%~26%, calcium oxide contains
Amount 2%~8%, content of magnesia 1%~3%, micronutrient levels 0.2%~3%；Wherein, microelement is iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron
Element is EDTA Chelating state.
3. drop sprinkling irrigation according to claim 1 solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer, which is characterized in that raw material
Weight percentage is as follows:
Compost tea 30%~39%, solid Water soluble fertilizer 60%~70% and microelement foliage fertilizer 0.3%~0.5%.
4. a kind of drop sprinkling irrigation described in claim 1 is fertile with solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set, by compost tea 23%~
40%, solid Water soluble fertilizer 59%~77% and microelement foliage fertilizer 0.3%~0.5% form；Nitrogen content is 15% in nutrition package fertilizer
~19%；Phosphorus pentoxide content is 6%~12%；Potassium oxide content is 16%~28%；The compost tea raw material and raw material weight
Degree is as follows: feces of livestock and poultry 30%~40%, stalk 40%~45%, weeds 15%~30%；Compost tea is as follows
Be made: each raw material of compost tea is mixed in proportion, sufficiently it is decomposed after compost tea bag with holes is made, by compost tea bag be placed in 5 times
Volume ventilation removes in the water of chlorine, and the microbial nutrition substance of compost gross mass 2% is added, and microbial nutrition substance is quality
Than the mixture for the molasses of 1:1:1:1, fish hydrolysate, seawood meal and humic acid；Extraction of ventilating in solution is kept,
1m3The aeration quantity of water is 0.2-0.8 L/h, filtrate obtained by filtering supernatant, as compost tea after 2 days；
The solid Water soluble fertilizer raw material and raw material weight degree is as follows: 17%~32% balanced type Water soluble fertilizer, 36%~
53% high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer, calcium nitrate 9.7%~32%, magnesium sulfate 5.7%~14%；
In the microelement foliage fertilizer: iron content 0.9%~1%, Zn content 0.55%~0.6%, manganese content 0.9%~1%, boron contains
Amount 0.9%~1.25%, copper content 0.2~0.4%；Wherein, iron, zinc, manganese, copper are EDTA Chelating state；Eggplant is used in drop sprinkling irrigation
Fruit facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer breeding time after the solanaceous vegetables that do not concentrate of continuously bearing fruit are colonized uses.
5. a kind of drop sprinkling irrigation described in claim 1 is fertile with solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set, by compost tea 22%~
40%, solid Water soluble fertilizer 60%~78% and microelement foliage fertilizer 0.4%~0.5% form, and nitrogen content is 14% in nutrition package fertilizer
~19%；Phosphorus pentoxide content is 6%~12%；Potassium oxide content is 16%~29%；
The compost tea raw material and raw material weight degree is as follows: feces of livestock and poultry 30%~40%, stalk 40%~45% are miscellaneous
Grass 15%~30%；Compost tea is obtained as follows: each raw material of compost tea is mixed in proportion, sufficiently it is decomposed after be made it is with holes
Compost tea bag, compost tea bag is placed in the water for removing chlorine, is added and accounts for the microbial nutrition substance of compost gross mass 5%, it is micro-
Biological nutrition substance is the mixing of molasses, fish hydrolysate, seawood meal and humic acid that mass ratio is 1:0.5:0.5:0.5
Object；It keeps ventilating in solution, 1m3The aeration quantity of water is 0.2-0.8 L/h, and after extraction 2 days, compost tea is made in filtering supernatant；
The solid Water soluble fertilizer raw material and raw material weight degree is as follows: 15%~27% balanced type Water soluble fertilizer, 42%~
59% high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer, calcium nitrate 9%~30%, magnesium sulfate 4.9%~13%；
In the microelement foliage fertilizer: iron content 0.9%~1%, Zn-ef ficiency content 0.55%~0.6%, manganese element content
0.9%~1%, boron content 0.9%~1.25%, copper coin cellulose content 0.2~0.4%；Wherein, iron, zinc, manganese, copper are
EDTA Chelating state, solanaceous vegetables facility vegetable of the drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer in concentration of continuously bearing fruit
Breeding time uses after dish field planting.
6. the drop sprinkling irrigation method of administration of solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer described in claim 1, steps are as follows:
Seedling stage application:
1. compost tea is diluted 100 times, in being colonized first 3~7 days trickle irrigations 1 time, trickle irrigation amount is 10~30 L/ mus；7~15 after field planting
Its trickle irrigation 1~2 time, trickle irrigation amount are 5~15 L/ mus, and each irrigation quantity is 2~5 m3/ mu；
2. after calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate are dissolved respectively with the water of 5 times of quality, in being colonized first 3~7 days trickle irrigations 1 time, amount of application divides
It Wei not be 2~10 kg/ mus and 1~4 kg/ mus；7~15 days trickle irrigation 1~2 time after field planting, each amount of application are respectively 1~5 kg/
Mu and 1~2 kg/ mu, each irrigation quantity be 2~5 m3/ mu；3. after balanced type Water soluble fertilizer is dissolved with the water of 5 times of quality, in
7~15 days trickle irrigation 1~2 time after field planting, irrigation quantity are 2~5 m3/ mu；The each amount of application of balanced type Water soluble fertilizer is 3~6 kg/
Mu；
The application of result latter stage in florescence-:
1. being sprayed in florescence to result latter stage for trickle irrigation and blade face after the compost tea dilution for being 10~20 L/ mus by amount of application
It applying, wherein 6~18 L/ mus 100 times of dilution are used for trickle irrigation, and 2~4 L/ mu 200 times of dilution is for foliage-spray, and every 7~15 days
Once, each irrigation quantity of trickle irrigation is 5~8 m3/ mu；
2. by microelement foliage fertilizer dilute 600~1200 times after, florescence to result latter stage carry out foliage-spray, every 7~
15 days primary, each 50ml；
3. it is after 3~6 kg/ mus of balanced type Water soluble fertilizer is dissolved with water in phase trickle irrigation of bearing fruit of blooming by amount of application, every 10~12 days
Once, and in result latter stage terminate first 10~14 days, trickle irrigation last time, each irrigation quantity is 5~8 m3/ mu；
4. being dripped after the high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer that amount of application is 3~6 kg/ mus is dissolved with water at result initial stage to result latter stage
It fills, every 7~10 days primary, and each irrigation quantity is 5~8 m3/ mu；
5. by amount of application be 1~2 kg/ mus of calcium nitrate and amount of application is water dilution of 0.5~1 kg/ mus of magnesium sulfate with 5 times of quality
Afterwards, in best fruiting period trickle irrigation, 7~10 days primary, and each trickle irrigation amount is 5~8 m3/ mu.
7. the method for administration of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer according to claim 6, special
Sign is that the compost after compost tea use can continue to ferment or water is added uniformly to pour to spill in field planting ditch.
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| RU2789878C1 (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-02-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Елецкий государственный университет им. И.А. Бунина" | Method for folow fertilization in soybean and rapse growing |
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| CN106588476A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 宁夏回族自治区农垦事业管理局农林牧技术推广服务中心 | Whole growth period full nutritional compound fertilizer dedicated for tomatoes |
| CN107344903A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-11-14 | 新疆慧尔农业集团股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to be sprayed the special set meal fertilizer and its application process for filling mulberry Geng grass |
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