CN104584755A - Water and fertilizer integration fertigation method for tomatoes - Google Patents
Water and fertilizer integration fertigation method for tomatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN104584755A CN104584755A CN201510030437.4A CN201510030437A CN104584755A CN 104584755 A CN104584755 A CN 104584755A CN 201510030437 A CN201510030437 A CN 201510030437A CN 104584755 A CN104584755 A CN 104584755A
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Abstract
The invention concretely relates to a water and fertilizer integration fertigation method for tomatoes, aiming at solving the problems that existing organic fertilizer application has nutrient waste and causes environmental pollution, and the crop yield and quality are influenced due to the unreasonable formula of an organic fertilizer. The method comprises the steps of a. before planting, applying phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium; and b. applying organic-inorganic mixed fertilizers during drop irrigation every 5-7 days at the seedling stage, medium period and later period, wherein the organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer per liter applied at the seedling stage is formed by the following components by concentration: 105-115g of urea, 35-45g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 240-260g of biochemical fulvic acid potassium and 480-520g of chicken manure liquid, the organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer per liter applied at the medium period contains 125-135g of urea and 85-95g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer per liter applied at the later period contains 85-95g of urea and 70-80g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the content of biochemical fulvic acid potassium and chicken manure liquid at the medium period and the later period is equal to that of biochemical fulvic acid potassium and chicken manure liquid at the seedling stage. After the method is used, the available nutrient of the organic fertilizer can be accurately conveyed into the root zones of plants at any time, and the fertilizer efficiency exerting way of the organic fertilizer is changed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Crops in Applying Fertilizer technology, be specially a kind of tomato liquid manure integrated drop irrigation fertilizing method.
Background technology
Chemical fertilizer is used by excessive the drawback such as the decline of crop product quality, taste bad, soil texture deterioration, groundwater resources pollution caused in crop production, is extensively familiar with already by people.Thus, production is no lack of the error idea of one " organic fertilizer application is The more the better ".Especially, in Vegetable produce, chicken manure, as one of modal organic fertilizer resource, is all become thoroughly decomposed and applied once by excessive, concentrated, non-fully as base fertilizer usually.Owing to becoming thoroughly decomposed without batch production, standardization, not only stench is unpleasant, and, be slowly released after a large amount of nutrient applies in advance, be easy to cause drip washing, seepage, decomposition, waste, pollution, even affect the yield and quality of crop.
At present, in tomato the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, fertilizer apply the mode still continuing to use tradition " bottom application ", particularly when not become thoroughly decomposed completely, the problem such as nutrient waste, environmental pollution that may bring.
Summary of the invention
There is nutrient waste, contaminated environment and the unreasonable problem affecting crop yield and quality of organic fertilizer formula in the present invention applies employing bottom application mode in order to solve existing fertilizer, provides a kind of tomato liquid manure integrated drop irrigation fertilizing method.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: tomato liquid manure integrated drop irrigation fertilizing method, before adopting following steps: a, field planting, apply phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, the mass percent that phosphorus accounts for total phosphorus content is 55-60%, and the mass percent that nitrogen and potassium account for its total amount is respectively 12-13%; B, seedling stage, mid-term, the later stage every 5-7 days with drip irrigation by every turn every mu apply 40 liters of compound organic and inorganic fertilizers, and seedling stage, mid-term, later stage all apply 5-6 time; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that c, seedling stage apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 105-115g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 35-45 g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 240-260 g/L, chicken manure liquid 480-520 g/L; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that d, mid-term apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 125-135g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 85-95g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 240-260g/L, chicken manure liquid 480-520g/L; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that e, later stage apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 85-95g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 70-80g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 240-260g/L, chicken manure liquid 480-520g/L.
The choosing of this technique and constituent content is through that a large amount of test repeatedly draws, adopt the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, enable solubility organic active ingredients and organic matter obtain continuing to be fed to tomato crop root zone with drip irrigation, promote the release of soil nutrient, increase the soil organic matter; And meet the nutrient demand feature of tomato different times, improve fertilizer efficiency and tomato yield and quality.
Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer adopts following steps to make: mix by the mass ratio of 1:1 with water after a, chicken manure aerobic stack retting become thoroughly decomposed stir afterwards, precipitate, filter after obtain chicken manure liquid; B, add biochemical fulvic acid potassium subsequently and stir obtained organic nutrient basal liquid; C, take a certain amount of clear water and add urea stirring and dissolving, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate subsequently and stir obtained inorganic nutrients basal liquid; D, by obtained compound organic and inorganic fertilizer after organic nutrient basal liquid and the mixing of inorganic nutrients basal liquid.
The technique of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer chooses the yield and quality further increasing crop.
The present invention fundamentally reverses the Traditional Thinking of organic fertilizer application, utilize drip irrigation technique, the mode of fertilizer and chemical fertilizer reasonable coordination, omnidistance drip irrigation is taked to impose, impel the available nutrient of fertilizer can be transported to crop root zone at any time, accurately, change the fertilizer efficiency methods of fertilizer, to improve fertilizer fertilizer efficiency, increase crop yield, improve crop quality, alleviate environmental pollution etc. and have very important meaning.
The following is and adopt the test data that fertilization mode of the present invention (T1) and traditional furrow irrigation under membrane apply fertilizer (T2), conventional water-fertilizer integral applies fertilizer (T3):
Table 1 is that data are compared in the test of plant height (cm):
Table 2 is that data are compared in the test in footpath thick (cm):
Data are compared in the test that table 3 is Tomato Root System biology dry weight (g):
Data are compared in the test that table 4 is output:
Data are compared in the test that table 5 is Tomato Quality:
Find out from compliance test result test, with the development of growing process, plant is more and more healthy and strong, and plant height and stem slightly significantly improve; Contrast to contrast with land for growing field crops with conventional drip irrigation and compare, root system biology dry weight improves 26.4% and 33.0% respectively; Output improves 8.9% and 19.5% respectively; Vc content improves 12.2% and 13.4% respectively; Tomato soluble solid content improves 0.74 and 0.77 percentage point respectively; Nitrate content reduces by 11.5% and 40.1% respectively.Meanwhile, due to using of drip irrigation organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special " set meal ", depend on the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, therefore compared with Production of Large Fields, had the water-saving that the Integration of Water into Fertilizer has concurrently, economize fertilizer, saving of labor, alleviated the advantages such as disease generation.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
Tomato liquid manure integrated drop irrigation fertilizing method, before adopting following steps: a, field planting, apply phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, the mass percent that phosphorus accounts for total phosphorus content is 55%, and the mass percent that nitrogen and potassium account for its total amount is respectively 12%; B, seedling stage, mid-term, the later stage every 5 days with drip irrigation by every turn every mu apply 40 liters of compound organic and inorganic fertilizers, and seedling stage, mid-term, later stage all apply 5 times; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that c, seedling stage apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 105g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 35g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 240g/L, chicken manure liquid 480g/L; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that d, mid-term apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 125g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 85g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 240g/L, chicken manure liquid 480g/L; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that e, later stage apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 85g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 70g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 240g/L, chicken manure liquid 480g/L.
Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer adopts following steps to make: mix by the mass ratio of 1:1 with water after a, chicken manure aerobic stack retting become thoroughly decomposed stir afterwards, precipitate, filter after obtain chicken manure liquid; B, add biochemical fulvic acid potassium subsequently and stir obtained organic nutrient basal liquid; C, take a certain amount of clear water and add urea stirring and dissolving, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate subsequently and stir obtained inorganic nutrients basal liquid; D, by obtained compound organic and inorganic fertilizer after organic nutrient basal liquid and the mixing of inorganic nutrients basal liquid.
embodiment 2
Tomato liquid manure integrated drop irrigation fertilizing method, before adopting following steps: a, field planting, apply phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, the mass percent that phosphorus accounts for total phosphorus content is 60%, and the mass percent that nitrogen and potassium account for its total amount is respectively 13%; B, seedling stage, mid-term, the later stage every 7 days with drip irrigation by every turn every mu apply 40 liters of compound organic and inorganic fertilizers, and seedling stage, mid-term, later stage all apply 6 times; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that c, seedling stage apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 115g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45 g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 260 g/L, chicken manure liquid 520 g/L; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that d, mid-term apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 135g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 95 g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 260 g/L, chicken manure liquid 520 g/L; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that e, later stage apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 95g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 80 g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 260 g/L, chicken manure liquid 520 g/L.
Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer adopts following steps to make: mix by the mass ratio of 1:1 with water after a, chicken manure aerobic stack retting become thoroughly decomposed stir afterwards, precipitate, filter after obtain chicken manure liquid; B, add biochemical fulvic acid potassium subsequently and stir obtained organic nutrient basal liquid; C, take a certain amount of clear water and add urea stirring and dissolving, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate subsequently and stir obtained inorganic nutrients basal liquid; D, by obtained compound organic and inorganic fertilizer after organic nutrient basal liquid and the mixing of inorganic nutrients basal liquid.
embodiment 3
Tomato liquid manure integrated drop irrigation fertilizing method, before adopting following steps: a, field planting, apply phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, the mass percent that phosphorus accounts for total phosphorus content is 57%, and the mass percent that nitrogen and potassium account for its total amount is respectively 13%; B, seedling stage, mid-term, the later stage every 6 days with drip irrigation by every turn every mu apply 40 liters of compound organic and inorganic fertilizers, and seedling stage, mid-term, later stage all apply 6 times; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that c, seedling stage apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 107g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 42g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 257g/L, chicken manure liquid 513g/L; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that d, mid-term apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 129g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 86g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 249g/L, chicken manure liquid 515g/L; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that e, later stage apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 91g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 76g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 243g/L, chicken manure liquid 491g/L.
Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer adopts following steps to make: mix by the mass ratio of 1:1 with water after a, chicken manure aerobic stack retting become thoroughly decomposed stir afterwards, precipitate, filter after obtain chicken manure liquid; B, add biochemical fulvic acid potassium subsequently and stir obtained organic nutrient basal liquid; C, take a certain amount of clear water and add urea stirring and dissolving, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate subsequently and stir obtained inorganic nutrients basal liquid; D, by obtained compound organic and inorganic fertilizer after organic nutrient basal liquid and the mixing of inorganic nutrients basal liquid.
Claims (2)
1. a tomato liquid manure integrated drop irrigation fertilizing method, is characterized in that: before adopting following steps: a, field planting, apply phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, the mass percent that phosphorus accounts for total phosphorus content is 55-60%, and the mass percent that nitrogen and potassium account for its total amount is respectively 12-13%; B, seedling stage, mid-term, the later stage every 5-7 days with drip irrigation by every turn every mu apply 40 liters of compound organic and inorganic fertilizers, and seedling stage, mid-term, later stage all apply 5-6 time; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that c, seedling stage apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 105-115g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 35-45g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 240-260g/L, chicken manure liquid 480-520g/L; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that d, mid-term apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 125-135g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 85-95g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 240-260g/L, chicken manure liquid 480-520g/L; The compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that e, later stage apply is made up of the component of following concentration: urea 85-95g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 70-80 g/L, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 240-260g/L, chicken manure liquid 480-520g/L.
2. tomato liquid manure integrated drop irrigation fertilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: compound organic and inorganic fertilizer adopts following steps to make: mix by the mass ratio of 1:1 with water after a, chicken manure aerobic stack retting become thoroughly decomposed stir afterwards, precipitate, filter after obtain chicken manure liquid; B, add biochemical fulvic acid potassium subsequently and stir obtained organic nutrient basal liquid; C, take a certain amount of clear water and add urea stirring and dissolving, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate subsequently and stir obtained inorganic nutrients basal liquid; D, by obtained compound organic and inorganic fertilizer after organic nutrient basal liquid and the mixing of inorganic nutrients basal liquid.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105367177A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-02 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | Solanaceous greenhouse vegetable special-purpose nutritional compound fertilizer used for drop and spray irrigation, and application method thereof |
| CN105367345A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-02 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | Solanaceous greenhouse vegetable special-purpose nutritional compound fertilizer used for improving soil hardening, and application method thereof |
| CN105367178A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-02 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | Nutrient package fertilizer with disease preventing function special for solanaceous vegetables and application method thereof |
| CN105384569A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-09 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | Nematode control nutritional matched fertilizer specially used for eggplant and fruit greenhouse vegetables, and application method thereof |
| CN106561207A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-04-19 | 上海交通大学 | Fertilizer and water management irrigation method for tomato growth |
-
2015
- 2015-01-22 CN CN201510030437.4A patent/CN104584755A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105367177A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-02 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | Solanaceous greenhouse vegetable special-purpose nutritional compound fertilizer used for drop and spray irrigation, and application method thereof |
| CN105367345A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-02 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | Solanaceous greenhouse vegetable special-purpose nutritional compound fertilizer used for improving soil hardening, and application method thereof |
| CN105367178A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-02 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | Nutrient package fertilizer with disease preventing function special for solanaceous vegetables and application method thereof |
| CN105384569A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-09 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | Nematode control nutritional matched fertilizer specially used for eggplant and fruit greenhouse vegetables, and application method thereof |
| CN105367345B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2019-06-04 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | A kind of the solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer and its method of administration of improvement soil hardening |
| CN105367178B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2019-06-25 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | A kind of solanaceous vegetables special nutrient sets fertilizer with controlling disease and method of administration |
| CN105367177B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2019-06-25 | 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司 | A kind of drop sprinkling irrigation solanaceous vegetables facilities vegetable special nutrient set fertilizer and its method of administration |
| CN106561207A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-04-19 | 上海交通大学 | Fertilizer and water management irrigation method for tomato growth |
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