A kind of potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising and preparation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to liquid fertilizer technical field more particularly to a kind of potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising and preparation sides
Method.
Background technology
Punching fertilising is a kind of multiple elements design water soluble fertilizer, it can promptly be dissolved in the water, it is easier to it is absorbed by crops,
And absorption rate is relatively high.More it is essential that it can be applied to be sprayed the industrialized agricultures such as filling, liquid manure one is realized
Change, reach water-saving, save fertilizer, saving of labor and the efficiency of volume increase.In addition, punching fertilising has many advantages, such as that fertilising is safe, uniform, convenient, both
Ditching-fertilizing damage crops root system can be avoided, and can avoid spreading fertilizer over the fields the delicate cauline leaf of chemical fertilizer damage, soil can also be avoided to concentrate fertilising
Afterwards, root phenomenon is burnt because caused by local soil solution concentration is excessively high.Suitable for the arable farming mould of other unsuitable fertilizing types
Formula, as film covering, small plastic greenhouse, furrow face crop planting culture crop.Protectorate cultivation melon fruits and vegetables are widely used in,
It can also be applied to the crop of outdoor cropping.It not only containing N P and K a great number of elements, also makees containing stimulations such as humic acid, amino acid
The active material of object growth is a kind of novel environment friendly nuisanceless fertilizer simultaneously added with trace element in calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron etc.,
With the development of industrialized agriculture, full water soluble fertilizer becomes inexorable trend.The existing orchard in China, corn, potato, sugarcane etc.
Cultivated area is up to more than 1,000,000,000 mus, but water-fertilizer integral application percentage is only 1% or so, with developed countries' phase such as the U.S., Israel
Than China's the Integration of Water into Fertilizer relatively lags behind.
In recent years, with the adjustment of the structure of agricultural production and the fast development of the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, liquid fertilizer is increasingly
It is taken seriously, Liquid Fertilizer type is increasing in the market.Meanwhile the research report in relation to liquid fertilizer is increasing, such as patent
One kind disclosed in 103910578 A of CN is taken root auxotype microbial manure and its preparation method and application, and the fertilizer is by " animal blood
50~65 parts of hydrolyzate, 55~75 parts of chitosan hydrolyzate liquid, 5~15 parts of composite trace element, 8~20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urine
Plain 10~25 parts, 800~872 parts of mixed bacteria liquid " is made, and has cucurbita pepo, capsicum, cucumber, Chinese cabbage rape, western red using crop
The outdoor vegetables such as persimmon, eggplant;1611464 A of CN are disclosed using vinasse as the organic fertilizer and production method for making raw material, disclosure
Liquid fertilizer is that distillery waste water is obtained through " anaerobic fermentation, hydrolysis, allotment, filtering " step;103724126 A of CN are disclosed
A kind of Multielement high-efficiency active organic liquid fertilizer and preparation method, the fertilizer is by " 600~700 parts of clear liquid of vinasse enzymolysis, chitosan 6~9
Part, 50~100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 40~50 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 50~100 parts of potash fertilizer, micro plain 15~30 parts of mixture, Natural surfactant
1~2 part of agent " warp " enzymolysis, fermentation, centrifugation, washing, centrifugation, mixing " step is prepared, and is cucumber using crop;CN
102515905 A disclose a kind of warm water flush fertilizer for flushing vegetables and preparation method thereof, disclose and are added with by chicken manure
After machine material and inorganic nutrients, mixed solution made from microbial bacterial agent fermentation is added in, is tomato, cucumber using crop;CN
102173899 A disclose a kind of fertilizer containing amino-acid liquid and preparation method thereof, and the fertilizer is by " organic fertilizer (chicken manure and duck excrement) 5~8
Part, 3~5 parts of ferment bacterium, 90~95 parts of waste vegetable leaves " be prepared, the Liquid Fertilizer can improve comprehensively soil reach soil property it is soft,
Ventilative, water conservation, fertilizer conservation, drought resisting, it is waterlogging, improves mild soil fertility, overcome crops continuous cropping disease, effective disease and pest control, stabilization
Increase yield, and can greatly improve the quality and mouthfeel of agricultural product, but N P and K total content, less than 1%, Special Fertilizers for Various Crops is applied
When, necessarily cause crop npk nutrient insufficient.Liquid fertilizer disclosed in above-mentioned report is suitable for open country crop (such as Huang
Melon, tomato etc.), realize Nutrient Absorption by improving crop root and rhizome nutrition.However, the undergrounds such as potato, sweet potato
Crop, application are restricted, and misapplication causes rotten potato phenomenon, and fertilizer disclosed in above-mentioned report may not apply to potato
Underground crops are waited, therefore, a kind of liquid fertilizer suitable for underground crop of necessary offer.Through retrieval, patent CN
103159534 A disclose a kind of Special flush fertilizer for potato, disclose by " 225 kilograms of potassium sulfate, 100 kilograms of monoammonium phosphate, sulphur
Sour 450 kilograms of ammonium, 150 kilograms of urea, 10 kilograms of magnesium sulfate, 80 kilograms of organic matter, 4 kilograms of root-growing agent, 4 kilograms of swelling agent " is made
Into particle rush fertilising, which uses after must being watered dissolving, and long-term place can cause particle hardened, dissolve the problems such as incomplete.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to:Overcome that existing potato special-purpose irrigation fertilizer is easily hardened after storing for a long time, gets damp, dissolves
The problems such as incomplete, provides a kind of liquid fertilizer suitable for underground crops such as potato, sweet potato.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising, it is characterised in that:The fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight:Freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement
100 parts of stoste zymotic fluid, 8~10 parts of urea, 1.5~2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5~8 parts of humic acid potassium, ammonium molybdate 0.01~
0.03 part, 2~5 parts of boric acid, 3~7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3~6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2~5 parts of zinc sulfate, 8~10 parts of Compound-acid, water conservation
1~3 part of agent, 5~10 parts of diammonium, 20~35 parts of potato extracting solution, 15~20 parts of chitosan, 5~10 parts of alginic acid, soybean carry
Take 3~5 parts of liquid, 0.2~0.5 part of swelling agent, 10~12 parts of vegetation buck, 40~60 parts of dish leaf zymotic fluid.
Preferably, a kind of potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising, it is characterised in that:The fertilizer is by following parts by weight
Raw material is made:100 parts of freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement stoste zymotic fluid, 9 parts of urea, 1.8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of humic acid potassium, ammonium molybdate 0.02
Part, 4 parts of boric acid, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of Compound-acid, 2.4 parts of water-retaining agent, 8 parts of diammonium, Ma Ling
30 parts of potato extracting solution, 16 parts of chitosan, 7.5 parts of alginic acid, 5 parts of soybean extract, 0.2 part of swelling agent, 10 parts of vegetation buck, dish
50 parts of leaf zymotic fluid.
Further, the freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement stoste zymotic fluid is through the following steps that be prepared:
1) freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement is poured into separate tank, controls 35~50 DEG C of temperature, tap water is added under fast stirring, by chicken manure
Liquid is diluted to, then adds in the lower sterilizing of fungicide sealing stirring 12~24 hours;
2) concentrated hydrochloric acid 20ml/m is added in after sterilizing in chicken manure stoste3, stir continuously and healthily 3~5 hours, then add in certainly
Water dilutes, and detection pH stops when being 6~8;
3) chicken manure stoste is detached, removes solid insoluble and impurity, obtain spare chicken manure stoste.
The preparation method of the potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising, includes the following steps:
1) chicken manure stoste is put into fermentation vat, adds in fermenting agent, be heated to 35~40 DEG C and kept for 6~7 days, detection hair
PH is 7.2~8 in ferment pond;
2) appropriate fermenting agent is added in into fermentation tank, add sterile water dilute fermenting agent to 10 times, then add sucrose 3~
5%th, it mixes slowly after urea 2~3% 10~20 minutes, then chicken manure stoste is evacuated in fermentation tank, adjust fermentation jar temperature
It it is 30~35 DEG C, continuing fermentation 6~8 days, detection pH stops fermentation when being 6~7;
3) the complete chicken manure stoste that will ferment is put into batch mixing pond, is turned round in fermentation tank after adding in Compound-acid stirring, then
Deodorization is fermented 1~2 day;
4) deodorization after fermentation, add urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid potassium, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, ferrous sulfate,
Magnesium sulfate, Compound-acid, water-retaining agent, diammonium, potato extracting solution, chitosan, alginic acid, soybean extract, expands zinc sulfate
Agent, vegetation buck, dish leaf zymotic fluid are heated to 30~35 DEG C and continue fermentation 1~3 day, and detection pH value is 6~7;
5) treat step 4) after fermentation, add in carbendazim 0.01~0.02% stir mixing 20~24 hours, obtain half into
Product liquid fertilizer;
6) by semi-finished product liquid fertilizer after ultrasonic disperse is handled 10~15 minutes, it is miscellaneous to be separated by filtration removing solid
Matter, liquid component is filling under sterile to obtain the punching fertilising of potato dedicated liquid.
Compared with existing Special flush fertilizer for potato, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1st, the present invention is using freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement stoste zymotic fluid, potato extracting solution, soybean extract, vegetation buck, dish leaf hair
Liquid fertilizer is made in zymotic fluid, it is only necessary to and it is watered dilution and can be used, have the characteristics that not being afraid of tide compared with graininess or solid-state punching fertilising,
And storage will not lead to the problem of decreased solubility for a long time.
2nd, potato dedicated liquid of the present invention punching fertilising use chicken manure, the dish leaf zymotic fluid that gives up nutrition is complete for main organic matter
It enriches, and both organic matters are cheap waste, turn waste into wealth for being realized in the fertilizer, play guarantor in face
The effect in retaining ring border has good Social benefit and economic benefit.
3rd, it is carried in potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising of the present invention added with potato extracting solution, chitosan, alginic acid soybean
The plant essences such as liquid are taken, to potato ball root development, grows and expands with good effect, and will not be to Ma Ling after use
Potato generates harmful effect.
4th, potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising N P and K total content of the present invention is more than 8%, more existing Special flush fertilizer for potato
It is apparent to increase by 6 times or more;And be formulated in be added with Bavistin, hence it is evident that reduce potato disease insect pest, ensure yield and
Quality especially has apparent effect of increasing production to the plantation of tissue cultural seedlings of free.
5th, potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising of the present invention is using organic matter as main nutrient, the changes such as compounding urea, diammonium, ammonium molybdate
Fertilizer, soil hardening will not be caused for a long time by being used for multiple times, and being promoted in China in the Integration of Water into Fertilizer has obvious action.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is described further with reference to specific embodiment, it is intended to help same domain technology people
Member's the understanding of the present invention, does not limit interest field.
Embodiment 1
A kind of potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight:Freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement stoste zymotic fluid 100
Part, 9 parts of urea, 1.8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of humic acid potassium, 0.02 part of ammonium molybdate, 4 parts of boric acid, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid
4 parts of magnesium, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of Compound-acid, 2.4 parts of water-retaining agent, 8 parts of diammonium, 30 parts of potato extracting solution, 16 parts of chitosan, sea
7.5 parts of alginic acid, 5 parts of soybean extract, 0.2 part of swelling agent, 10 parts of vegetation buck, 50 parts of dish leaf zymotic fluid.
The freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement stoste zymotic fluid is through the following steps that be prepared:
1) freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement is poured into separate tank, controls 35~50 DEG C of temperature, tap water is added under fast stirring, by chicken manure
Liquid is diluted to, then adds in the lower sterilizing of fungicide sealing stirring 12~24 hours;
2) concentrated hydrochloric acid 20ml/m is added in after sterilizing in chicken manure stoste3, stir continuously and healthily 3~5 hours, then add in certainly
Water dilutes, and detection pH stops when being 6~8;
3) chicken manure stoste is detached, removes solid insoluble and impurity, obtain spare chicken manure stoste.
The preparation method of the potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising, includes the following steps:
1) chicken manure stoste is put into fermentation vat, adds in fermenting agent, be heated to 35~40 DEG C and kept for 6~7 days, detection hair
PH is 7.2~8 in ferment pond;
2) appropriate fermenting agent is added in into fermentation tank, add sterile water dilute fermenting agent to 10 times, then add sucrose 3~
5%th, it mixes slowly after urea 2~3% 10~20 minutes, then chicken manure stoste is evacuated in fermentation tank, adjust fermentation jar temperature
It it is 30~35 DEG C, continuing fermentation 6~8 days, detection pH stops fermentation when being 6~7;
3) the complete chicken manure stoste that will ferment is put into batch mixing pond, is turned round in fermentation tank after adding in Compound-acid stirring, then
Deodorization is fermented 1~2 day;
4) deodorization after fermentation, add urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid potassium, ammonium molybdate, boric acid, ferrous sulfate,
Magnesium sulfate, Compound-acid, water-retaining agent, diammonium, potato extracting solution, chitosan, alginic acid, soybean extract, expands zinc sulfate
Agent, vegetation buck, dish leaf zymotic fluid are heated to 30~35 DEG C and continue fermentation 1~3 day, and detection pH value is 6~7;
5) treat step 4) after fermentation, add in carbendazim 0.01~0.02% stir mixing 20~24 hours, obtain half into
Product liquid fertilizer;
6) by semi-finished product liquid fertilizer after ultrasonic disperse is handled 10~15 minutes, it is miscellaneous to be separated by filtration removing solid
Matter, liquid component is filling under sterile to obtain the punching fertilising of potato dedicated liquid.
The preparation method of embodiment 2~5 completely with embodiment 1, the difference lies in:Each component proportion scale and dosage are such as
The following table 1.
Note:The influence of fertilization effect is rushed to prove potato extracting solution to fluid present invention, embodiment 4 and 5 keeps it
Remaining variable is identical, changes the dosage of potato extracting solution.
Table 1- raw material dosages and proportioning
By the potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising detection prepared by embodiment 1, each nutrient content distribution see the table below 2.
Note:"/" is represented without quantitative requirement in table 2.
Table 2- liquid fertilizers nutrient content is distributed
Serial number |
Detection project |
Standard requirement |
Testing result |
1 |
Total nitrogen (N) content, % |
/ |
3.2 |
2 |
Phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) content, % |
/ |
2.3 |
3 |
Potassium chloride (K2O) content, % |
/ |
2.7 |
4 |
Zinc (Zn) content, % |
/ |
0.03 |
5 |
Lead (Pb) content, % |
≤0.01 |
0.0002 |
6 |
Cadmium (Cd) content, % |
≤0.002 |
It does not detect |
7 |
Arsenic (As) content, % |
≤0.002 |
0.0001 |
8 |
Iron (Fe) content, % |
/ |
0.005 |
9 |
Manganese (Mn) content, % |
/ |
0.002 |
10 |
Boron (B) content, % |
/ |
0.05 |
11 |
Molybdenum (Mo) content, % |
/ |
0.008 |
12 |
Amino acid content, % |
/ |
0.8 |
13 |
Content of humic acid, % |
/ |
0.4 |
It can be seen from Table 2 that potato dedicated liquid of the invention rushes fertilizing nutrient (N P and K) total amount > 8%, compared with
Existing special-purpose irrigation fertilizer is higher by 8 times or more, and amino acid, content of humic acid are higher by 0.2%, it is often more important that, liquid of the invention
Also containing trace element molybdenum (Mo), boron (B), arsenic (As), these elements have potato growth apparent effect for body punching fertilising.
In order to verify the specific effect of potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising of the present invention, fertilizer prepared by Examples 1 to 5 is used
In potato, table 3 is influence of the Examples 1 to 3 potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising to potato growth;Table 4 for embodiment 1~
Influence of the 3 potato dedicated liquids punching fertilising to potato yield;Table 5 is 4,5 effect pair potato of embodiment.
Table 3- liquid fertilizers are to potato growth contrast table
Table 4- liquid fertilizers are to potato yield contrast table
Table 5- potatos extracting solution is to potato growth and yield comparison table
By upper table 3,4 it is found that the potato dedicated liquid punching fertilising of the present invention has significantly potato growth and yield
Facilitation, especially yield amplification is more preferable compared with conventional fertilizers up to more than 28.5%.And embodiment 1 is increased production compared with embodiment 2,3
Amplitude is big, it is optimal to illustrate that embodiment 1 matches, generated effect is best.
It is found by table 5 it is found that embodiment 2 and 4,3 and 5 is compared, when using potato extracting solution, effect of increasing production is non-
Chang Mingxian, and when its dosage is excessively high, volume increase can be caused to decline instead, applied fertilizer it follows that potato extracting solution rushes potato
Effect it is particularly significant, strictly control its dosage beneficial to potato facilitation.