CN114368995B - Combined fertilizer composition for rice and application thereof - Google Patents
Combined fertilizer composition for rice and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114368995B CN114368995B CN202111457490.4A CN202111457490A CN114368995B CN 114368995 B CN114368995 B CN 114368995B CN 202111457490 A CN202111457490 A CN 202111457490A CN 114368995 B CN114368995 B CN 114368995B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Abstract
The application discloses a combined fertilizer composition for rice and application thereof, wherein the combined fertilizer composition comprises the following components: the granular fertilizer comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises: medium elements and trace elements; the component B comprises: at least one of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tryptophan and proline, salicylic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid and fulvic acid, and the liquid fertilizer comprises: at least one of 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine, a slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fulvate as an ore source. Therefore, the combined fertilizer composition can continuously regulate and control the growth of the combined fertilizer composition in a favorable direction in the green turning and tillering stage of rice, so that the green turning and tillering speed of the rice is high, the tillering number is increased, the effective tillering rate is improved, and the combined fertilizer composition has obvious yield-increasing potential.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a combined fertilizer composition for rice and application thereof.
Background
In the rice production, the mechanical transplanting is widely applied due to high operation efficiency, labor saving and effort saving. But at the same time, slow turning green and poor tillering of the rice are problems frequently encountered by growers and are also important factors influencing the yield of the rice. In the aspect of turning green and tillering fertilizers, urea or a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is mainly used in the current production, the nutrition elements are single, the utilization rate is low, and the turning green and tillering effects are unstable. Plant growth regulators such as paclobutrazol and cytokinin are added into some products, but the use of the substances has high requirements on technology and time, so that ineffective tillering of rice is increased easily, the air-shrinking rate is increased, and the yield is reduced. Therefore, how to safely, effectively and stably promote the turning green and tillering of rice is still a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, one purpose of the application is to provide a combined fertilizer composition for paddy rice and application thereof, and the combined fertilizer composition can continuously regulate and control the growth of the combined fertilizer composition in a favorable direction in the turning green and tillering stage of paddy rice, so that the turning green and tillering speed of paddy rice is high, the tillering number is increased, the effective tillering rate is improved, and the combined fertilizer composition has obvious yield-increasing potential.
In one aspect of the application, the application provides a combination fertilizer composition for rice. According to an embodiment of the present application, the combined fertilizer composition comprises: the granular fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer are mixed together,
the granular fertilizer comprises a component A and a component B, wherein,
the component A comprises: medium elements and trace elements;
the component B comprises: at least one of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tryptophan and proline, salicylic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid and fulvic acid,
the liquid fertilizer comprises: at least one of 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine, a slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fulvate as an ore source.
The combined fertilizer composition for rice comprises a granular fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer, wherein the component A and the component B are added into the granular fertilizer, and the component A can provide comprehensive medium and trace element supplement for the growth and development of the rice in the turning green and tillering stage. The medium trace elements are the components of enzymes or coenzymes for promoting photosynthesis, respiration, substance conversion and the like in plants, and play an indispensable and irreplaceable role in the growth and development of crops. The component B can play a role in regulating and controlling growth, wherein at least one of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tryptophan and proline is taken as a free amino acid, is a plant activator which can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, can promote photosynthesis, improve stress resistance of crops, and is a precursor substance of various endogenous hormones and enzymes in the plants. Salicylic acid is a signal molecule in plants, has a regulating effect on the metabolism of substances in plants, and can particularly enhance the cold resistance, salt resistance and other environmental adversity stress of crops. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is an amino acid consisting of non-protein, plays a double role of metabolic substances and signal substances in plants, participates in a plurality of important physiological processes of the plants, promotes photosynthesis, influences energy metabolism, and promotes absorption of trace elements in the plants. Fulvic acid can be classified into mineral source Fulvic acid and biochemical Fulvic acid, which have the functions of stimulating the root system development of crops, improving the absorption of trace elements in crops and improving the absorption and utilization rate of macroelements. Therefore, the granular fertilizer can obviously promote the growth of rice root systems, improve root system activity, enhance stress resistance of rice, improve chlorophyll content of rice leaves, improve photosynthesis, further promote the tillering speed of rice and increase the tillering number of rice. Meanwhile, the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, and free amino acid comprising at least one of 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine and mineral source potassium fulvate and 5-aminolevulinic acid have the effect of regulating crop growth, can improve root system activity, promote photosynthesis, increase effective tillering number of rice, reduce small tillering and ineffective tillering, and have obvious yield increasing effect. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, improve root system activity, promote photosynthesis, increase effective tillering number of rice, reduce small tillering and ineffective tillering, and has obvious yield-increasing effect. Therefore, through the mutual coordination and synergistic effect of the granular fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer, the growth of the rice in the favorable direction can be continuously regulated and controlled in the turning green and tillering stage of the rice, so that the turning green and tillering speed of the rice is high, the tillering number is increased, the effective tillering rate is improved, and the rice has obvious yield-increasing potential.
In addition, the combined fertilizer composition for paddy rice according to the above embodiment of the present application may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the application, the mass ratio of the component a to the component B is (50-100): (5-10). Therefore, the granular fertilizer can obviously promote the growth of rice root systems, improve root system activity, enhance stress resistance of rice, improve chlorophyll content of rice leaves, improve photosynthesis, further promote the tillering speed of rice and increase the tillering number of rice.
In some embodiments of the application, the mass ratio of the medium element to the trace element is (3-5): (10-15). Therefore, the rice can be provided with more targeted medium and trace nutrient element supplement, and the maximum efficacy is exerted.
In some embodiments of the application, the medium elements include at least one of calcium, magnesium, and silicon, and the trace elements include at least one of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, and molybdenum. Thus, the needed medium elements and microelements can be provided for rice.
In some embodiments of the present application, the component B comprises 1-5 parts by weight of the salicylic acid, 1-10 parts by weight of the gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0-2 parts by weight of the glutamic acid, 0-2 parts by weight of the aspartic acid, 0-1 part by weight of the tryptophan, 0-1 part by weight of the proline and 1-5 parts by weight of the fulvic acid, wherein the parts by weight of the glutamic acid, the aspartic acid, the tryptophan and the proline are not zero at the same time. Therefore, the granular fertilizer can obviously promote the growth of rice root systems, improve root system activity, enhance stress resistance of rice, improve chlorophyll content of rice leaves, improve photosynthesis, further promote the tillering speed of rice and increase the tillering number of rice.
In some embodiments of the present application, the liquid fertilizer comprises 50-80 parts by weight of the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer, 1-5 parts by weight of the mineral source potassium fulvate, 0-3 parts by weight of the 5-aminolevulinic acid, 0-3 parts by weight of the glycine, 0-3 parts by weight of the alanine and 0-2 parts by weight of the histidine, wherein the parts by weight of the 5-aminolevulinic acid, the glycine, the alanine and the histidine are not zero at the same time. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, improve root system activity, promote photosynthesis, increase effective tillering number of rice, reduce small tillering and ineffective tillering, and has obvious yield-increasing effect.
In some embodiments of the application, the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer comprises methylol urea and triazinone. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer has low salt index and good compatibility, can be directly absorbed by crops when being used for foliage spraying, can be gradually decomposed and released in the crops, and participates in physiological metabolism of the crops and is assimilated and utilized.
In a second aspect of the application, the application provides a method for promoting the turning green and tillering of rice by using the composition. According to an embodiment of the application, the method comprises:
(1) The method comprises the steps of (1) mixing a granular fertilizer comprising a component A and a component B with urea and/or a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and applying the mixed fertilizer during the first topdressing of the rice in the turning green and tillering stage;
(2) And applying a liquid fertilizer during the second topdressing of the rice in the turning green and tillering stage.
According to the method for realizing the turning green and tillering promotion of the rice by utilizing the composition, the granular fertilizer comprising the component A and the component B is mixed with urea and/or a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and then applied during the first topdressing of the turning green and tillering stage of the rice, wherein the component A can provide comprehensive medium and trace element supplementation for the growth and development of the turning green and tillering stage of the rice. The medium trace elements are the components of enzymes or coenzymes for promoting photosynthesis, respiration, substance conversion and the like in plants, and play an indispensable and irreplaceable role in the growth and development of crops. The component B can play a role in regulating and controlling growth, wherein at least one of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tryptophan and proline is taken as a free amino acid, is a plant activator which can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, can promote photosynthesis, improve stress resistance of crops, and is a precursor substance of various endogenous hormones and enzymes in the plants. Salicylic acid is a signal molecule in plants, has a regulating effect on the metabolism of substances in plants, and can particularly enhance the cold resistance, salt resistance and other environmental adversity stress of crops. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is an amino acid consisting of non-protein, plays a double role of metabolic substances and signal substances in plants, participates in a plurality of important physiological processes of the plants, promotes photosynthesis, influences energy metabolism, and promotes absorption of trace elements in the plants. Fulvic acid can be classified into mineral source Fulvic acid and biochemical Fulvic acid, which have the functions of stimulating the root system development of crops, improving the absorption of trace elements in crops and improving the absorption and utilization rate of macroelements. Therefore, the component A and the component B can obviously promote the growth of rice root systems, improve root system activity, enhance stress resistance of rice, improve chlorophyll content of rice leaves, improve photosynthesis, further promote tillering speed of rice, increase tillering number of rice, and improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate without increasing fertilization times. Then, by applying the liquid fertilizer during the second topdressing of the rice in the turning green and tillering stage, the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, and free amino acid comprising at least one of 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine and mineral source potassium fulvate and 5-aminolevulinic acid have the effect of regulating crop growth, can improve root system activity, promote photosynthesis, increase effective tillering number of rice, reduce small tillers and ineffective tillers, and have obvious yield increasing effect. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, improve root system activity, promote photosynthesis, increase effective tillering number of rice, reduce small tillering and ineffective tillering, and has obvious yield-increasing effect. Therefore, the grain fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer are matched and cooperated with each other during the first topdressing and the second topdressing, so that the growth of the grain fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer in a favorable direction can be continuously regulated and controlled in the rice green-turning tillering stage, the rice green-turning tillering speed is high, the tillering number is increased, the effective tillering rate is improved, and the yield-increasing potential is obvious.
In addition, the method for realizing the reversion and tillering of the rice by using the composition according to the embodiment of the application can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
in some embodiments of the present application, in the step (1), the application mode is soil dressing, and the mass ratio of the granular fertilizer to the urea and/or the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is (1-3): (5-15). Therefore, the growth of the rice root system can be obviously promoted, the root activity is improved, the stress resistance of the rice is enhanced, the chlorophyll content of the rice leaves is improved, the photosynthesis is improved, the tillering speed of the rice is further promoted, and the tillering number of the rice is increased.
In some embodiments of the application, in step (1), the particulate fertilizer is applied in an amount of 1-3 kg/mu. Therefore, the growth of the rice root system can be obviously promoted, the root activity is improved, the stress resistance of the rice is enhanced, the chlorophyll content of the rice leaves is improved, the photosynthesis is improved, the tillering speed of the rice is further promoted, and the tillering number of the rice is increased.
In some embodiments of the present application, in the step (2), the application mode is foliage spraying, and the application amount of the liquid fertilizer is 0.2-1L/mu. Therefore, the foliar spraying can enable nutrient substances to directly enter the body from the leaves and participate in the metabolism of crops and the synthesis process of organic matters, so that the operation efficiency can be improved. In addition, the application amount in the range can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, improve root system activity, promote photosynthesis, increase effective tillering number of rice, reduce small tillering and ineffective tillering, and have obvious yield increasing effect.
In some embodiments of the present application, in step (2), further comprising: the liquid fertilizer is mixed with the insecticidal and bactericidal agent for application. Therefore, the purposes of providing crop nutrients and preventing and controlling crop diseases and insect pests can be simultaneously realized, and the synergistic effect and the operation efficiency can be improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for realizing the reversion and tillering of rice by using the composition according to one embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the application.
In a first aspect of the present application, the present application provides a joint fertilizer composition for rice. According to an embodiment of the present application, the combined fertilizer composition comprises: the granular fertilizer comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises: medium elements and trace elements; the component B comprises: at least one of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tryptophan and proline, salicylic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid and fulvic acid, and the liquid fertilizer comprises: at least one of 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine, a slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fulvate as an ore source.
The inventor discovers that the combined fertilizer comprises the granular fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer, and the component A and the component B are added into the granular fertilizer, wherein the component A can provide comprehensive medium and trace element supplement for the growth and development of the rice in the turning green and tillering stage. The medium trace elements are the components of enzymes or coenzymes for promoting photosynthesis, respiration, substance conversion and the like in plants, and play an indispensable and irreplaceable role in the growth and development of crops. The component B can play a role in regulating and controlling growth, wherein at least one of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tryptophan and proline is taken as a free amino acid, is a plant activator which can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, can promote photosynthesis, improve stress resistance of crops, and is a precursor substance of various endogenous hormones and enzymes in the plants. Salicylic acid is a signal molecule in plants, has a regulating effect on the metabolism of substances in plants, and can particularly enhance the cold resistance, salt resistance and other environmental adversity stress of crops. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is an amino acid consisting of non-protein, plays a double role of metabolic substances and signal substances in plants, participates in a plurality of important physiological processes of the plants, promotes photosynthesis, influences energy metabolism, and promotes absorption of trace elements in the plants. Fulvic acid can be classified into mineral source Fulvic acid and biochemical Fulvic acid, which have the functions of stimulating the root system development of crops, improving the absorption of trace elements in crops and improving the absorption and utilization rate of macroelements. Therefore, the granular fertilizer can obviously promote the growth of rice root systems, improve root system activity, enhance stress resistance of rice, improve chlorophyll content of rice leaves, improve photosynthesis, further promote the tillering speed of rice and increase the tillering number of rice. Meanwhile, the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, and free amino acid comprising at least one of 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine and mineral source potassium fulvate and 5-aminolevulinic acid have the effect of regulating crop growth, can improve root system activity, promote photosynthesis, increase effective tillering number of rice, reduce small tillering and ineffective tillering, and have obvious yield increasing effect. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, improve root system activity, promote photosynthesis, increase effective tillering number of rice, reduce small tillering and ineffective tillering, and has obvious yield-increasing effect. Therefore, through the mutual coordination and synergistic effect of the granular fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer, the growth of the rice in the favorable direction can be continuously regulated and controlled in the turning green and tillering stage of the rice, so that the turning green and tillering speed of the rice is high, the tillering number is increased, the effective tillering rate is improved, and the rice has obvious yield-increasing potential.
Further, the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is (50-100): (5-10). Specifically, it may be 50:5, 50:10, 60:5, 60:10, 70:5, 70:10, 80:5, 80:10, 90:5, 90:10, 100:5, or 100:10, etc. The inventor finds that if the mass ratio of the component A to the component B in the granular fertilizer is too small, medium and trace elements are not sufficiently supplemented, and the growth and development promotion effect on rice is weakened; if the mass ratio of the component A to the component B in the granular fertilizer is too large, the regulation and control effect of the biological stimulation hormone is not obvious, and the synergistic effect with the component A is weakened. Therefore, the contents of trace elements and biostimulant substances in the granular fertilizer are matched, so that nutrients can be provided for the growth and development of rice, the biostimulant can be ensured to fully play roles, the trace elements and the biostimulant are synergistic, the nutrient absorption of the rice can be promoted, and the rice can grow in a favorable direction for increasing tillers.
It should be noted that the specific types of the above-mentioned intermediate elements and trace elements are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, for example, the intermediate elements include at least one of calcium, magnesium and silicon, and the trace elements include at least one of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron and molybdenum. In particular, the medium element magnesium is a chlorophyll central component and is an activator of various enzymes; the trace element zinc and the like can promote the improvement of root system activity.
Further, in the component A, the mass ratio of the medium elements to the trace elements is (3-5): (10-15). The inventor finds that, because the soil in a considerable area of China lacks microelements such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum and the like, rice is more sensitive to the reaction of certain microelements such as zinc, therefore, in the component A, the proportion of the microelements is higher than that of the medium elements, and the rice is also a siliceous plant and has certain requirements on calcium and magnesium. Therefore, the mass ratio of the medium elements to the trace elements can provide more targeted medium and trace element supplement for rice, and the maximum efficacy is exerted.
Further, the component B comprises 1-5 parts by weight of salicylic acid, 1-10 parts by weight of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0-2 parts by weight of glutamic acid, 0-2 parts by weight of aspartic acid, 0-1 part by weight of tryptophan, 0-1 part by weight of proline and 1-5 parts by weight of fulvic acid, wherein the parts by weight of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tryptophan and proline are not zero at the same time. Specifically, in the above component B, the content of salicylic acid may be 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, or the like; the content of the gamma-aminobutyric acid may be 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, or the like; the content of glutamic acid may be 0 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, or the like; the content of aspartic acid may be 0 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, or the like; the tryptophan content may be 0 parts by weight or 1 part by weight or the like; the content of proline may be 0 parts by weight or 1 part by weight or the like; the content of fulvic acid may be 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, or the like. Wherein, the weight parts of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tryptophan and proline are not zero at the same time. Therefore, by adopting the proportion of the component B, the substances can play a better role, the obtained granular fertilizer can obviously promote the growth of rice root systems, improve the root system activity, enhance the stress resistance of rice, improve the chlorophyll content of rice leaves, improve photosynthesis, further promote the tillering speed of rice and increase the tillering number of rice.
Further, the liquid fertilizer comprises 50-80 parts by weight of slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer, 1-5 parts by weight of mineral source potassium fulvate, 0-3 parts by weight of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 0-3 parts by weight of glycine, 0-3 parts by weight of alanine and 0-2 parts by weight of histidine, wherein the parts by weight of 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine are not zero at the same time. Specifically, in the above-mentioned liquid fertilizer, the content of the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer may be 50 parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, 75 parts by weight, 80 parts by weight or the like; the content of the potassium fulvate serving as the mineral source can be 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight or 5 parts by weight and the like; the content of 5-aminoacetopropionic acid may be 0 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, or the like; the content of glycine may be 0 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, or the like; the content of alanine may be 0 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, or the like; the histidine content may be 0 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, or the like. Wherein, the weight parts of 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine are not zero at the same time. Therefore, by adopting the liquid fertilizer proportion, the slow-release nitrogen and the biostimulant substances can be matched with each other to realize synergistic effect, so that the slow-release nitrogen can provide sustained-release nitrogen for rice, the plant growth can be regulated, the root activity and photosynthesis of the rice can be improved, the effective tiller number of the rice can be increased, the tiller number and ineffective tiller number of the rice can be reduced, and the yield increasing effect is obvious.
Further, the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer contains methylol urea and triazinone. The inventor finds that by adding the methylol urea and the triazinone into the liquid fertilizer, the liquid fertilizer has low salt index and good mixing compatibility, can be directly absorbed by crops when being used for foliage spraying, can be gradually decomposed and released in the crops, and participates in physiological metabolism of the crops and is assimilated and utilized.
The manner of forming the above-mentioned granular fertilizer into granules is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, for example, granulating the above-mentioned component a and component B by a rotary drum granulator, a disk granulator or an extrusion granulator. Specifically, the particle size of the granules produced by the rotary drum granulator or the disc granulator is uniform, smooth and round, and is more suitable for blending and mechanical application; the granules produced by the extrusion granulator have higher strength, are stable in storage and are not easy to pulverize.
In a second aspect of the application, the application provides a method for promoting the turning green and tillering of rice by using the composition. Referring to fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present application, the method includes:
s100: in the first topdressing of the rice in the turning green and tillering stage, the granular fertilizer comprising the component A and the component B is mixed with urea and/or a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and then applied
In the step, the granular fertilizer comprising the component A and the component B is mixed with urea and/or a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and then applied during the first topdressing in the green-turning tillering stage of the rice. Specifically, the application may be performed 3 to 7 days after the transplanting. Therefore, the method can provide timely nutrient supply and material metabolism regulation for rice seedlings. The high-nitrogen compound fertilizer refers to a compound fertilizer with the nitrogen mass content not less than 25%. The inventor discovers that the component A and the component B can obviously promote the growth of rice root systems, improve root activity, enhance stress resistance of rice, improve chlorophyll content of rice leaves, improve photosynthesis, further promote tillering speed of rice, increase tillering number of rice, and can improve absorption and utilization rate of nitrogen without increasing fertilization times additionally when being used after being mixed with urea and/or high-nitrogen compound fertilizer. It should be noted that, the specific compositions of the component a and the component B are the same as those described above, and are not repeated here.
Further, the application mode is soil dressing, and the mass ratio of the granular fertilizer to urea and/or the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is (1-3): (5-15). The application amount of the granular fertilizer is 1-3 kg/mu. Specifically, the application amount per mu can be 1kg, 2kg or 3 kg. The specific application amount can be increased or decreased according to the growth vigor of rice seedlings and the use condition of the current fertilizer. The usage requirement of most cases can be met in the usage range.
S200: applying liquid fertilizer during secondary topdressing in the green returning and tillering stage of rice
In the step, the liquid fertilizer is applied in the second topdressing of the rice in the green-turning tillering stage, and specifically, the liquid fertilizer is applied 5-10 days after the first topdressing. The inventor finds that the liquid fertilizer can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, and simultaneously improves root system activity, promotes photosynthesis, increases effective tillering number of the rice, reduces small tillers and ineffective tillers, and has obvious yield-increasing effect. It should be noted that the specific composition of the liquid fertilizer is the same as that described above, and will not be repeated here.
Further, the application mode is foliage spraying. Therefore, nutrient substances can directly enter the body from the leaves to participate in the metabolism of crops and the synthesis process of organic matters, so that the operation efficiency can be improved. In addition, the application amount of the liquid fertilizer is 0.2-1L/mu, and specifically, the application amount per mu can be 0.2L, 0.3L, 0.4L, 0.5L, 0.6L, 0.7L, 0.8L, 0.9L or 1.0L, etc. The liquid fertilizer can be properly diluted by adding water when the foliar fertilizer is applied, the specific application amount can be increased or decreased according to the growth vigor of rice seedlings and the use condition of the current fertilizer, and the water consumption of foliar spraying is increased when the application amount is higher, so that the foliar fertilizer is favorable for uniform spraying. The usage requirement of most cases can be met in the usage range.
Further, step S200 further includes: the liquid fertilizer is mixed with the insecticidal and bactericidal agent for application. Therefore, the purposes of providing crop nutrients and preventing and controlling crop diseases and insect pests can be simultaneously realized, and the synergistic effect and the operation efficiency can be improved. It should be noted that, the specific type and application amount of the pesticide can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, so long as the liquid fertilizer and the pesticide are harmless to crops after being mixed, and the fertilizer efficiency and the pesticide effect are not reduced.
The inventor finds that the particle fertilizer comprising the component A and the component B is mixed with urea and/or high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and then applied during the first topdressing in the rice turning and tillering stage, wherein the component A can provide comprehensive medium and trace element supplementation for the growth and development in the rice turning and tillering stage. The medium trace elements are the components of enzymes or coenzymes for promoting photosynthesis, respiration, substance conversion and the like in plants, and play an indispensable and irreplaceable role in the growth and development of crops. The component B can play a role in regulating and controlling growth, wherein at least one of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tryptophan and proline is taken as a free amino acid, is a plant activator which can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, can promote photosynthesis, improve stress resistance of crops, and is a precursor substance of various endogenous hormones and enzymes in the plants. Salicylic acid is a signal molecule in plants, has a regulating effect on the metabolism of substances in plants, and can particularly enhance the cold resistance, salt resistance and other environmental adversity stress of crops. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is an amino acid consisting of non-protein, plays a double role of metabolic substances and signal substances in plants, participates in a plurality of important physiological processes of the plants, promotes photosynthesis, influences energy metabolism, and promotes absorption of trace elements in the plants. Fulvic acid can be classified into mineral source Fulvic acid and biochemical Fulvic acid, which have the functions of stimulating the root system development of crops, improving the absorption of trace elements in crops and improving the absorption and utilization rate of macroelements. Therefore, the component A and the component B can obviously promote the growth of rice root systems, improve root system activity, enhance stress resistance of rice, improve chlorophyll content of rice leaves, improve photosynthesis, further promote tillering speed of rice, increase tillering number of rice, and improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate without increasing fertilization times. Then, by applying the liquid fertilizer during the second topdressing of the rice in the turning green and tillering stage, the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, and free amino acid comprising at least one of 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine and mineral source potassium fulvate and 5-aminolevulinic acid have the effect of regulating crop growth, can improve root system activity, promote photosynthesis, increase effective tillering number of rice, reduce small tillers and ineffective tillers, and have obvious yield increasing effect. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer can supplement slow-release nitrogen for rice, improve root system activity, promote photosynthesis, increase effective tillering number of rice, reduce small tillering and ineffective tillering, and has obvious yield-increasing effect. Therefore, the grain fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer are matched and cooperated with each other during the first topdressing and the second topdressing, so that the growth of the grain fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer in a favorable direction can be continuously regulated and controlled in the rice green-turning tillering stage, the rice green-turning tillering speed is high, the tillering number is increased, the effective tillering rate is improved, and the yield-increasing potential is obvious.
The following detailed description of embodiments of the application is provided for the purpose of illustration only and is not to be construed as limiting the application. In addition, all reagents employed in the examples below are commercially available or may be synthesized according to methods herein or known, and are readily available to those skilled in the art for reaction conditions not listed, if not explicitly stated.
Test example 1
In 2021, a Sanjiang farm is built in Heilongjiang, large area comparison is adopted in a test, the areas of a control group and a treatment group are 5 mu each, a base fertilizer is applied with 15-15-15 composite fertilizer 30 kg/mu, farmers in the control group apply urea 7.5 kg/mu 5 days after transplanting rice in the last ten days of 5 months, the treatment group mixes 1.5 kg/mu of granular fertilizer with 6 kg/mu of urea 5 days after transplanting and then applies the granular fertilizer, the granular fertilizer contains a component A and a component B, wherein the component A contains medium elements magnesium and silicon, the mass ratio of magnesium to silicon is 1:1, the mass ratio of the trace elements zinc, boron, iron and manganese is 10:2:5, and the mass ratio of the medium elements to the trace elements is 4:10. In the component B, the mass ratio of salicylic acid to gamma-aminobutyric acid to glutamic acid to tryptophan to proline to fulvic acid is 5:10:2:1:1:2, and the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 80:10. The treatment group sprays liquid fertilizer containing slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer (containing methylol urea and triazinone), mineral source potassium fulvate, 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine on leaf surfaces 7 days after the first topdressing, wherein the mass ratio of the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer to the mineral source potassium fulvate to the mineral source 5-aminolevulinic acid to the mineral source glycine to the mineral source alanine to the mineral source histidine is 80:5:2:2:2:1, the mu consumption is 0.5L, and the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer, the mineral source potassium fulvate and the mineral source potassium fulvate are diluted by 30 times by adding water. In addition to the above fertilizer application, the additional fertilizer and the medication conditions of the control group and the treatment group at other periods are completely consistent. In addition, in order to verify the synergistic effect of the granular fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer, two comparison treatments are additionally provided, and comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, wherein comparative example 1 only applies the granular fertilizer, and the application time, the application amount and the application method are the same as those of the treatment group; comparative example 2 the liquid fertilizer was applied only, and the application time, amount and usage were the same as those of the treatment group. The leaf SPAD value and average highest tillering number at the later stage of rice tillering are investigated by the test, the effective spike number is investigated after spike formation, and finally the yield is measured before harvest, and the measurement results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
Test example 2
In the Zhenjia village of the An-Chen river of Jiangsu, the rice is transplanted mechanically, the transplanting time is 6 months later, the rice variety is Nanjing 9108, the test adopts large area comparison, the areas of a control group and a treatment group are 2 mu each, the base fertilizer is applied with 25 kg/mu of a 25-10-16 high-nitrogen compound fertilizer, the farmers in the control group broadcast 30 kg/mu to 6 kg/mu of a 5 kg/mu of a 30-0-5 high-nitrogen compound fertilizer after 4 days after the rice is transplanted, the treatment group broadcast 1 kg/mu of a granular fertilizer and 5 kg/mu of a 30-0-5 high-nitrogen compound fertilizer at the same time, the granular fertilizer contains a component A and a component B, wherein the component A contains medium elements of calcium and magnesium in a mass ratio of 1:5, and trace elements of molybdenum, zinc, boron, iron, manganese and copper in a mass ratio of 1:20:10:5:10:5, and the medium elements in a mass ratio of 5:12. In the component B, the mass ratio of salicylic acid to gamma-aminobutyric acid to glutamic acid to aspartic acid to proline to fulvic acid is 2:10:1:1:1:5, and the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 60:5. 10 days after the first additional fertilizer, the liquid fertilizer containing slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer (containing methylol urea and triazinone), mineral source potassium fulvate, 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycine, alanine and histidine is sprayed on the leaf surface of the treatment group, wherein the mass ratio of the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer to the mineral source potassium fulvate to the 5-aminolevulinic acid to the glycine to the alanine is 75:5:3:3:3, the mu consumption is 0.75L, and the treatment group is diluted by adding water for 60 times. In addition to the above fertilizer application, the additional fertilizer and the medication conditions of the control group and the treatment group at other periods are completely consistent. In addition, in order to verify the synergistic effect of the granular fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer, two comparison treatments are additionally provided, and comparative example 3 and comparative example 4, wherein the comparative example 3 only applies the granular fertilizer, and the application time, the application amount and the application method are the same as those of the treatment group; comparative example 4 the liquid fertilizer was applied only, the application time, amount and usage were the same as the treatment group. Leaf SPAD values and average highest tillering numbers at the later stage of rice tillering were investigated, and effective spike numbers were investigated after spike formation, and finally yield was measured before harvest, with the measurement results being shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.
Claims (6)
1. The method for realizing the turning green and tillering of the rice is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) During the first topdressing of the rice in the turning green and tillering stage, the granular fertilizer consisting of the component A and the component B is mixed with urea and/or a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and then applied;
(2) Applying liquid fertilizer during the second topdressing of the rice in the turning green and tillering stage,
in the step (1), the first topdressing is 3-7 days after transplanting,
in the step (2), the second additional fertilizer is performed 5-10 days after the first additional fertilizer,
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the component A consists of medium elements and trace elements, wherein the mass ratio of the medium elements to the trace elements is (3-5): (10-15);
the medium elements include at least one of calcium and silicon and magnesium;
the microelements comprise zinc, boron, iron and manganese;
the component B consists of the following components: 1-5 parts of salicylic acid, 1-10 parts of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 1-2 parts of glutamic acid, 0-2 parts of aspartic acid, 0-1 part of tryptophan, 1 part of proline and 1-5 parts of fulvic acid, wherein the parts by weight of aspartic acid and tryptophan are different from each other to be zero;
the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is (50-100): (5-10);
the liquid fertilizer consists of the following components: 50-80 parts of slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer, 1-5 parts of mineral source potassium fulvate, 1-3 parts of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 1-3 parts of glycine, 1-3 parts of alanine and 1-2 parts of histidine,
the slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer contains methylol urea and triazinone.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the trace elements further comprise copper and molybdenum.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the application mode is soil dressing, and the mass ratio of the granular fertilizer to the urea and/or the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is (1-3): (5-15).
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein in step (1) the amount of particulate fertilizer applied is 1-3 kg/mu.
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the step (2), the application mode is foliar application, and the application amount of the liquid fertilizer is 0.2-1L/mu times.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step (2), further comprising: the liquid fertilizer is mixed with the insecticidal and bactericidal agent for application.
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