CN105693386A - Organic base fertilizer capable of improving yield of medicago sativa in saline and alkaline land - Google Patents
Organic base fertilizer capable of improving yield of medicago sativa in saline and alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN105693386A CN105693386A CN201610052438.3A CN201610052438A CN105693386A CN 105693386 A CN105693386 A CN 105693386A CN 201610052438 A CN201610052438 A CN 201610052438A CN 105693386 A CN105693386 A CN 105693386A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
Abstract
The invention relates to an organic base fertilizer capable of improving the yield of medicago sativa in a saline and alkaline land. The organic base fertilizer is prepared from a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphorus fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, zinc sulfate, borax, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, biogas residues and humic acid. When the medicago sativa is planted in the saline and alkaline land, 90kg to 100kg of the base fertilizer is applied to each Mu, and the yield and quality of the medicago sativa can be effectively improved. According to the organic base fertilizer provided by the invention, the biogas residues and the humic acid are matched with microelements, and livestock and poultry wastes are effectively utilized, so that the content of organic matters of soil is improved, a soil structure is improved, the salt content of the soil is reduced and the yield is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of salt-soda soil and improve organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output, belong to Alfalfa Growing fertilizer field。
Background technology
China is in agricultural and accelerates the critical period of transition, and " grain-warp-raise " plantation general layout is the dominant direction of agricultural restructuring, and herbage steps up in the status of plant husbandry and animal husbandry。Alfalfa have the laudatory title of " King of Pasture ", and its crude protein content is high, and nutritive value is good, and in feeding cow and beef cattle growth, effect is notable, and there is introduction countries in the world and cultivates。Such as, in the U.S. that agricultural is flourishing, alfalfa is one of maximum 4 kinds of crops of cultivated area, and its cultivated area is up to 10,000,000 hm2。China's Alfalfa Growing is mainly distributed on the areas such as northeast, loess plateau, the Inner Mongol, Xinjiang and Huang-Huai-Hai。Since calendar year 2001, the average rate of increase of Retention area and alfalfa output respectively 3.5% and 4.9% at the end of China's alfalfa, alfalfa produces and management level are firm improves。
Fertilizer is the material base that alfalfa produces, and is also to ensure that quality and improves the premise of yield。The rational application of fertilizer is the key of alfalfa high yield, stable yields and high-quality。
Chinese patent literature CN102515950A (patent No.: 201110410514.0) discloses a kind of middle-and-low-yielding fields alfalfa special fertilizer and preparation thereof and application process, prepared by prior art disc granulation by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and organic matter material, wherein, N:P pressed by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer2O5: K2The nutrients ratio combination of O=5～7:15～20:3～4；Described nitrogenous fertilizer is selected from carbamide, MAP or Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；Described phosphate fertilizer is selected from calcium superphosphate, MAP or Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；Described potash fertilizer is selected from potassium sulfate or potassium chloride；Described organic matter material is weathered coal, peat soil or brown coal；The consumption of organic matter material is 30～55wt% of alfalfa special fertilizer gross mass；Pelletizing additives during described disc granulation is selected from bentonite, attapulgite or Kaolin, and described pelletizing additives consumption is 3～5wt% of alfalfa special fertilizer gross mass；Prepare by the following method: by each raw material pulverizing to particle diameter 0.1～0.3mm, mix by proportioning, stir, add pelletizing additives and deliver to pelletize in granulating disc, be dried to water content≤10wt% through 60～70 DEG C after pelletize, obtain alfalfa special fertilizer；Can use with topdressing as base manure, production technology is simple, with low cost, environmental friendliness, utilization rate high, effect of increasing production is obvious, the demand of the soil fertility salt-soda soil such as low or non-salt-soda soil Alfalfa Growing high yield and fine quality production in being suitable for, but this patent has the following disadvantages, fail fully to excavate the animal wastes such as varieties in saline-alkali areas biogas residue as Source Organic Matter, but have selected weathered coal, do not meet the law of development of efficient ecological circulation animal husbandry；Low nitrogen in formula, low potassium, high phosphorus ratio less reasonable, chronic administration can cause trace element necessary to the growth of animals or poultry such as alfalfa zinc deficiency, ferrum, and the salinity and alkalinity resistance causing alfalfa is poor, it is impossible to reach the requirement of high-yield and high-efficiency。
It is organic composite fertilizer dedicated that Chinese patent literature CN104609958A (patent No.: 201510031128.9) discloses a kind of Herba Medicaginis, this fertilizer is mainly with nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer with make for raw material containing zinc, boron, molybdenum, the trace-element fertilizer of manganese and edible fungi residues, chicken manure, microbial bacterial agent, after using this fertilizer, soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability improves, promoting Herba Medicaginis volume increase, this organic composite fertilizer does not have any effect for soil improvement and raising crop saline-alkaline tolerance。
And for example, China document patent CN102301848A (patent No. 201110181239.X) discloses the synthesis improvement method of a kind of alkaline land soil, different amounts of alkaline land soil improvement of special medium is applied according to saline and alkaline situation, improvement medium, each component consumption percentage by weight is: humic acid 15～30%, maleic acid 25～45%, oxalic acid 2～10%, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate 15～20%, humic acid 5～15%；This saline-alkali soil improvement method program is loaded down with trivial details, and the anti-salt of alfalfa and volume increase, not for salt-soda soil alfalfa specialized designs, are not had any effect by modifying agent formula。
Alfalfa Growing district of Shandong Province is concentrated mainly on Delta Region of The Yellow River, and this area's Unutilized Energy is many, and soil is generally partially saline and alkaline。Planting As-Is analysis according to present stage, alfalfa essentialspecies is implanted in gently, moderate saline-alkali soil, does not substantially apply fertilizer or seldom applies fertilizer；Even if fertilising, less entirely by rule of thumb, fertilizer type is generally the common chemical fertilizer sold on the market to Shi Duoshi, and not only utilization rate of fertilizer is low, and environment causes certain pollution。And for Alfalfa Growing special fertilizer almost without, the productive potentialities as high quality forage alfalfa are far from excavating。It practice, high-quality alfalfa normal growth is grown, not only need a great number of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, in addition it is also necessary to the various trace elements such as boron, manganese, zinc；Particularly in varieties in saline-alkali areas, during planting, apply a certain amount of fertilizer, for reducing soil salt content, improve Soil structure, there is important effect。Therefore, develop a kind of suitable in salt-soda soil and the difficult problem that organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output becomes current can be improved。
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is according to Delta Region of The Yellow River alkaline land soil feature and alfalfa regulation of fertilizer requirement, biogas residue, humic acids, azophoska are combined with micro-fertilizer, a kind of salt-soda soil is provided to improve organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output, overcoming base fertilizer formula shortcoming in the existing fertilizer practice in salt-soda soil, cause that reclamation result is not good, soil salt content is higher, the defect yielded poorly, it is achieved resource circulation utilization, offer high yield and high quality alfalfa product。
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in a kind of salt-soda soil, and parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows:
Nitrogenous fertilizer: 8～12 parts,
Phosphate fertilizer: 11～15 parts,
Potash fertilizer: 4～6 parts,
Zinc sulfate: 1～4 part,
Borax: 0.2～0.5 part,
Ammonium molybdate: 0.15～0.2 part,
Manganese sulfate: 1～3 part,
Ferrous sulfate: 0.5～1.5 part,
Biogas residue: 40～60 parts,
Humic acids: 5～15 parts。
Currently preferred, described nitrogenous fertilizer is carbamide, MAP or Diammonium phosphate (DAP) one of which or two or more mixing, and the dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is in pure N；Preferably, described nitrogenous fertilizer is carbamide。
Currently preferred, described phosphate fertilizer is MAP, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or calcium superphosphate, one of which or two or more mixing, and the dosage of phosphate fertilizer is with P2O5Meter；Preferably, described phosphate fertilizer is Diammonium phosphate (DAP)。
Currently preferred, described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate or potassium chloride, and the dosage of potash fertilizer is with K2O counts。
Currently preferred, described biogas residue is feces of livestock and poultry after methane-generating pit ferments, and removes liquid portion through solid-liquid separation, and the solid portion obtained is through air-dry or dry and obtain, and water content is at below 30wt%。
The feces of livestock and poultry of the present invention is undertaken by prior art through methane-generating pit fermentation。
Currently preferred, described humic acids is below water content 10wt%, the black powder of particle diameter 0.15～0.18mm, and the TOC of humic acids is more than 50%。
A currently preferred technical scheme, organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in a kind of salt-soda soil, and parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows: 8～10 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 11～13 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 4～5 parts of potash fertilizer, 1～2 part of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.2～0.4 part, ammonium molybdate 0.15～0.18 part, manganese sulfate 1～2 part, 0.5～1 part of ferrous sulfate, biogas residue 40～50 parts, humic acids 5～10 parts；This organic base fertilizer is applicable to the slight alkaline land of salinity 0.2%～0.4%。
A currently preferred technical scheme, organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in a kind of salt-soda soil, and parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows: 10～12 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 13～15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 5～6 parts of potash fertilizer, 3～4 parts of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.4～0.5 part, ammonium molybdate 0.18～0.2 part, manganese sulfate 2～3 parts, 1～1.5 part of ferrous sulfate, biogas residue 50～60 parts, humic acids 10～15 parts；This organic base fertilizer is applicable to the moderate saline-alkali soil of salinity 0.4%～0.6%。
The preparation method that organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in above-mentioned salt-soda soil, comprises the following steps that
(1) by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, humic acids, biogas residue, pulverize, cross 60～100 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture A；
(2) zinc sulfate, Borax, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate are pulverized, and cross 60～100 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture B；
(3) by mixture A and mixture B mixing and stirring, add binding agent, carry out disc granulation by prior art, then carry out drying, air-cooled process, cross 2～4mm after cooling and sieve, organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output must be improved。
Currently preferred, described binding agent is bentonite, and bentonitic addition is the 5%～6% of mixture A and mixture B total amount。
In above-mentioned steps, device therefor is field of fertilizer manufacturing conventional equipment。
The present invention improves the application of organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output, and concrete grammar is as follows:
When alfalfa planting, being applied using the consumption of 90～100 kilograms every mu as base fertilizer by organic base fertilizer of the present invention, soil moisture content reaches to carry out after sowing requires sowing alfalfa；
(the first tenday period of a month in the last ten-days period in March to April) every mu of Nitrogen Top Dressing 10～15 kilograms when alfalfa Second Year is turned green, the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is in purity nitrogen。Field management and cradle, dry in the sun, the step such as bundling are undertaken by prior art。
Currently preferred, when organic base fertilizer applies as base fertilizer, organic base fertilizer is dispersed in earth's surface uniformly, ploughs under underground in conjunction with whole, make fertilizer, soil mix homogeneously。
Plough under underground to be undertaken by the peasant habit of this area wholely。
Present invention is characterized in that
1, the organic base fertilizer of the alfalfa of the present invention is mixed by commonly using fertilizer ratio, and raw material is prone to commercially buy, less costly；Manually, machinery all can facilitate mixture, immediately use, there is simple, convenient, feature flexibly；
2, organic base fertilizer of the present invention can effectively improve Alfalfa Output and fertilizer utilization efficiency dual a little, its application can make the hay yield of alfalfa every mu year increase by more than 20%。
3, organic base fertilizer of the present invention have employed the fertilizer of biogas residue, humic acids, it is effectively utilized animal waste, improve soil organic matter content, decrease the amount of application of chemical fertilizer, alleviate pollution pressure, improve Soil structure, reduce soil salt content, save Alfalfa Growing cost；
4, the present invention adds the trace element such as zinc, molybdenum, manganese, boron, ferrum, the normal growth of alfalfa is grown and the raising of quality has remarkable effect。
Detailed description of the invention
With the following Examples the present invention being further described, example is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention。Nitrogenous fertilizer in embodiment raw material dosage, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are respectively with pure N, P2O5、K2O counts。
Embodiment 1:
Organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in a kind of salt-soda soil, and parts by weight of raw materials is as follows: 8 parts of carbamide (in pure N), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is (with P2O5Meter) 12 parts, potassium sulfate is (with K2O counts) 4 parts, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.3 part, ammonium molybdate 0.16 part, manganese sulfate 1.5 parts, 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, biogas residue 45 parts, humic acids 8 parts。
Preparation method:
(1) by carbamide, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, humic acids, biogas residue, pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture A；
(2) zinc sulfate, Borax, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate are pulverized, and cross 80 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture B；
(3) by mixture A and mixture B mixing and stirring, add binding agent, carry out disc granulation by prior art, then carry out drying, air-cooled process, cross 2mm after cooling and sieve, organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output must be improved。This organic base fertilizer is applicable to the slight alkaline land of salinity 0.2%～0.4% and uses。
Test example:
In JIUYUE, 2014 in JIUYUE ,-2015, carries out salt-soda soil Herba Medicaginis establishment experiment in Dongying City high-tech demonstration district of agriculture, and test plot soil surface 30cm degree of depth salinity, 0.30%, belongs to slight alkaline land。Alfalfa variety is middle lucerne 1。
When alfalfa planting, every mu of 90 kilograms of organic base fertilizer using embodiment 1, compare with traditional fertilization method simultaneously；Traditional fertilization method: base fertilizer, commercially available Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25 kgs/acre, containing pure N18%, P2O546%, total nutrient >=64%, all the other fertilizing methods process with embodiment 1 and keep consistent。
Organic base fertilizer being dispersed in earth's surface uniformly, ploughs under underground in conjunction with whole, make fertilizer, soil mix homogeneously, soil moisture content reaches to carry out after sowing requires sowing alfalfa。Nitrogen Top Dressing 10 kilograms when in early April, 2015 turns green, nitrogen fertilizer amount is in purity nitrogen。Annual accumulative results 4 times in 2015, use organic base fertilizer of the present invention compared with traditional fertilization, and annual alfalfa hay yield reaches 1.34 tons/mu, increases production 37.6%, and by alfalfa hay per ton 2500 yuan calculating, every mu increases income 915 yuan；Alfalfa first planting grass crude protein content, more than 19%, improves 2 percentage points。
Embodiment 2:
Organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in a kind of salt-soda soil, and parts by weight of raw materials is as follows: 8 parts of carbamide (in pure N), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is (with P2O5Meter) 11 parts, potassium chloride is (with K2O counts) 4 parts, 1 part of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.2 part, ammonium molybdate 0.15 part, manganese sulfate 1 part, 0.8 part of ferrous sulfate, biogas residue 40 parts, humic acids 5 parts。
Preparation method:
(1) by carbamide, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride, humic acids, biogas residue, pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture A；
(2) zinc sulfate, Borax, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate are pulverized, and cross 80 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture B；
(3) by mixture A and mixture B mixing and stirring, add binding agent, carry out disc granulation by prior art, then carry out drying, air-cooled process, cross 2mm after cooling and sieve, organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output must be improved。This organic base fertilizer is applicable to the slight alkaline land of salinity 0.2%～0.4% and uses。
Test example:
In JIUYUE, 2014 in JIUYUE ,-2015, carries out salt-soda soil Herba Medicaginis establishment experiment in Wudi County, Accessories during Binzhou Haifeng county neighbourhood committee, and test plot soil surface 30cm degree of depth salinity, 0.25%, belongs to slight alkaline land。Alfalfa variety is middle lucerne 1。
When alfalfa planting, every mu of 90 kilograms of organic base fertilizer using embodiment 2, compare with traditional fertilization method simultaneously；Traditional fertilization method: base fertilizer, commercially available Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25 kgs/acre, containing pure N18%, P2O546%, total nutrient >=64%, all the other fertilizing methods process with embodiment 2 and keep consistent。
Organic base fertilizer being dispersed in earth's surface uniformly, ploughs under underground in conjunction with whole, make fertilizer, soil mix homogeneously, soil moisture content reaches to carry out after sowing requires sowing alfalfa。Nitrogen Top Dressing 10 kilograms when in early April, 2015 turns green, nitrogen fertilizer amount is in purity nitrogen。Annual accumulative results 4 times in 2015, use organic base fertilizer of the present invention compared with traditional fertilization, and annual alfalfa hay yield reaches 1.46 tons/mu, increases production 39.1%, and by alfalfa hay per ton 2500 yuan calculating, every mu increases income 1025 yuan；Alfalfa first planting grass crude protein content, more than 20%, improves 1.5 percentage points。
Embodiment 3:
Organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in a kind of salt-soda soil, and parts by weight of raw materials is as follows: 10 parts of carbamide (in pure N), MAP is (with P2O5Meter) 13 parts, potassium sulfate is (with K2O counts) 5 parts, 3.5 parts of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.45 part, ammonium molybdate 0.19 part, manganese sulfate 2.5 parts, 1.2 parts of ferrous sulfate, biogas residue 55 parts, humic acids 12 parts。
Preparation method:
(1) by carbamide, MAP, potassium sulfate, humic acids, biogas residue, pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture A；
(2) zinc sulfate, Borax, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate are pulverized, and cross 80 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture B；
(3) by mixture A and mixture B mixing and stirring, add binding agent, carry out disc granulation by prior art, then carry out drying, air-cooled process, cross 2mm after cooling and sieve, organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output must be improved。This organic base fertilizer is applicable to the slight alkaline land of salinity 0.4%～0.6% and uses。
Test example:
In JIUYUE, 2014 in JIUYUE ,-2015, carries out salt-soda soil Herba Medicaginis establishment experiment in Dongying City high-tech demonstration district of agriculture, and test plot soil surface 30cm degree of depth salinity, 0.45%, belongs to moderate saline-alkali soil。Alfalfa variety is middle lucerne 1。
When alfalfa planting, every mu of 100 kilograms of organic base fertilizer using embodiment 3, compare with traditional fertilization method simultaneously；Traditional fertilization method: base fertilizer, commercially available Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25 kgs/acre, containing pure N18%, P2O546%, total nutrient >=64%, all the other fertilizing methods process with embodiment 3 and keep consistent。
Organic base fertilizer being dispersed in earth's surface uniformly, ploughs under underground in conjunction with whole, make fertilizer, soil mix homogeneously, soil moisture content reaches to carry out after sowing requires sowing alfalfa。Nitrogen Top Dressing 15 kilograms when in early April, 2015 turns green, nitrogen fertilizer amount is in purity nitrogen。Annual accumulative results 4 times in 2015, use organic base fertilizer of the present invention compared with traditional fertilization, and annual alfalfa hay yield reaches 1.04 tons/mu, increases production 38.7%, and by alfalfa hay per ton 2500 yuan calculating, every mu increases income 725 yuan；Alfalfa first planting grass crude protein content, more than 19%, improves 2.5 percentage points。
Embodiment 4:
Organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in a kind of salt-soda soil, and parts by weight of raw materials is as follows: 12 parts of carbamide (in pure N), calcium superphosphate is (with P2O5Meter) 15 parts, potassium sulfate is (with K2O counts) 6 parts, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.5 part, ammonium molybdate 0.2 part, manganese sulfate 3 parts, 1.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, biogas residue 60 parts, humic acids 15 parts。
Preparation method:
(1) by carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, humic acids, biogas residue, pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture A；
(2) zinc sulfate, Borax, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate are pulverized, and cross 80 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture B；
(3) by mixture A and mixture B mixing and stirring, add binding agent, carry out disc granulation by prior art, then carry out drying, air-cooled process, cross 2mm after cooling and sieve, organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output must be improved。This organic base fertilizer is applicable to the slight alkaline land of salinity 0.4%～0.6% and uses。
Test example:
In JIUYUE, 2014～2015 year JIUYUE, carries out salt-soda soil Herba Medicaginis establishment experiment in Wudi County, Accessories during Binzhou Haifeng county neighbourhood committee, and test plot soil surface 30cm degree of depth salinity, 0.55%, belongs to moderate saline-alkali soil。Alfalfa variety is middle lucerne 1。
When alfalfa planting, every mu of 100 kilograms of organic base fertilizer using embodiment 4, compare with traditional fertilization method simultaneously；Traditional fertilization method: base fertilizer, commercially available Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25 kgs/acre, containing pure N18%, P2O546%, total nutrient >=64%, all the other fertilizing methods process with embodiment 4 and keep consistent。
Organic base fertilizer being dispersed in earth's surface uniformly, ploughs under underground in conjunction with whole, make fertilizer, soil mix homogeneously, soil moisture content reaches to carry out after sowing requires sowing alfalfa。Nitrogen Top Dressing 10 kilograms when in early April, 2015 turns green, nitrogen fertilizer amount is in purity nitrogen。Annual accumulative results 4 times in 2015, use organic base fertilizer of the present invention compared with traditional fertilization, and annual alfalfa hay yield reaches 0.95 ton/mu, increases production 46.2%, and by alfalfa hay per ton 2500 yuan calculating, every mu increases income 750 yuan；Alfalfa first planting grass crude protein content, more than 18%, improves 1.5 percentage points。
Comparative example 1:
A kind of salt-soda soil organic base fertilizer of alfalfa, parts by weight of raw materials is as follows: 8 parts of carbamide (in pure N), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is (with P2O5Meter) 12 parts, potassium sulfate is (with K2O counts) 4 parts, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.3 part, ammonium molybdate 0.16 part, manganese sulfate 1.5 parts, 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, biogas residue 53 parts。
Comparative example 2:
A kind of salt-soda soil organic base fertilizer of alfalfa, parts by weight of raw materials is as follows: 8 parts of carbamide (in pure N), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is (with P2O5Meter) 12 parts, potassium sulfate is (with K2O counts) 4 parts, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.3 part, ammonium molybdate 0.16 part, manganese sulfate 1.5 parts, 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, humic acids 53 parts。
Comparative example 3:
A kind of salt-soda soil organic base fertilizer of alfalfa, parts by weight of raw materials is as follows: 8 parts of carbamide (in pure N), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is (with P2O5Meter) 12 parts, potassium sulfate is (with K2O counts) 4 parts, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.3 part, ammonium molybdate 0.16 part, manganese sulfate 1.5 parts, 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate。
In JIUYUE, 2014～2015 year JIUYUE, carries out salt-soda soil Herba Medicaginis establishment experiment by organic base fertilizer of embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3 in Dongying City high-tech demonstration district of agriculture, and test plot soil surface 30cm degree of depth salinity, 0.30%, belongs to slight alkaline land。Alfalfa variety is middle lucerne 1。
The fertilizing method of embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3, fertilising opportunity and dose are with embodiment 1, and annual adding up is gathered in the crops 4 times, adds up annual production, takes the soil of plantation alfalfa simultaneously, measures soil salt content。
Result of the test is as shown in table 1:
The impact on Alfalfa Output and soil property of the table 1 organic base fertilizer
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the embodiment of the present invention, the yield of the alfalfa of comparative example 3 and reduction soil salt content are all significantly lower than the present invention's, organic base fertilizer of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, biogas residue and humic acids are separately added into it, although soil can effectively be improved, reduce soil salt content, but the yield of alfalfa is far away not as good as the embodiment of the present invention, organic base fertilizer of the present invention have employed biogas residue, humic acids and with trace element compatibility, it is effectively utilized animal waste, improve soil organic matter content, improve Soil structure, reduce soil salt content, improve yield。
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or wherein portion of techniques feature carries out equivalent replacement。All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention。
Claims (10)
1. an organic base fertilizer for Alfalfa Output is improved in salt-soda soil, and parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows:
Nitrogenous fertilizer: 8～12 parts,
Phosphate fertilizer: 11～15 parts,
Potash fertilizer: 4～6 parts,
Zinc sulfate: 1～4 part,
Borax: 0.2～0.5 part,
Ammonium molybdate: 0.15～0.2 part,
Manganese sulfate: 1～3 part,
Ferrous sulfate: 0.5～1.5 part,
Biogas residue: 40～60 parts,
Humic acids: 5～15 parts。
2. organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is carbamide, MAP or Diammonium phosphate (DAP) one of which or two or more mixing, and the dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is in pure N；Preferably, described nitrogenous fertilizer is carbamide。
3. organic base fertilizer of salt-soda soil according to claim 1 raising Alfalfa Output, it is characterised in that described phosphate fertilizer is MAP, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or calcium superphosphate, one of which or two or more mixing, the dosage of phosphate fertilizer is with P2O5Meter；Preferably, described phosphate fertilizer is Diammonium phosphate (DAP)。
4. organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate or potassium chloride, and the dosage of potash fertilizer is with K2O counts。
5. organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described biogas residue is feces of livestock and poultry after methane-generating pit ferments, and removes liquid portion through solid-liquid separation, the solid portion obtained obtains through air-dry or drying, and water content is at below 30wt%。
6. organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described humic acids is below water content 10wt%, the black powder of particle diameter 0.15～0.18mm, and the TOC of humic acids is more than 50%。
7. organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows: 8～10 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 11～13 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 4～5 parts of potash fertilizer, 1～2 part of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.2～0.4 part, ammonium molybdate 0.15～0.18 part, manganese sulfate 1～2 part, 0.5～1 part of ferrous sulfate, biogas residue 40～50 parts, humic acids 5～10 parts；This organic base fertilizer is applicable to the slight alkaline land of salinity 0.2%～0.4%。
8. organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, parts by weight of raw materials is composed as follows: 10～12 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 13～15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 5～6 parts of potash fertilizer, 3～4 parts of zinc sulfate, Borax 0.4～0.5 part, ammonium molybdate 0.18～0.2 part, manganese sulfate 2～3 parts, 1～1.5 part of ferrous sulfate, biogas residue 50～60 parts, humic acids 10～15 parts；This organic base fertilizer is applicable to the moderate saline-alkali soil of salinity 0.4%～0.6%。
9. the preparation method that organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in the salt-soda soil described in claim 1, comprises the following steps that
(1) by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, humic acids, biogas residue, pulverize, cross 60～100 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture A；
(2) zinc sulfate, Borax, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate are pulverized, and cross 60～100 mesh sieves, mixing and stirring, obtain mixture B；
(3) by mixture A and mixture B mixing and stirring, add binding agent, carry out disc granulation by prior art, then carry out drying, air-cooled process, cross 2～4mm after cooling and sieve, organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output must be improved；Described binding agent is bentonite, and bentonitic addition is the 5%～6% of mixture A and mixture B total amount。
10. the application of organic base fertilizer of Alfalfa Output is improved in the salt-soda soil described in claim 1, and concrete grammar is as follows:
When alfalfa planting, being applied using the consumption of 90～100 kilograms every mu as base fertilizer by organic base fertilizer of the present invention, soil moisture content reaches to carry out after sowing requires sowing alfalfa；Preferably, when organic base fertilizer applies as base fertilizer, organic base fertilizer is dispersed in earth's surface uniformly, ploughs under underground in conjunction with whole, make fertilizer, soil mix homogeneously；
(the first tenday period of a month in the last ten-days period in March to April) every mu of Nitrogen Top Dressing 10～15 kilograms when alfalfa Second Year is turned green, the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is in purity nitrogen。
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| CN106748470A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 贵州大学 | It is a kind of to improve light, mixed type fertilizer of moderate saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN107711397A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-23 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Plant alfalfa and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation in salt-soda soil |
| CN108395330A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-14 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | A kind of eryuelan special fertilizer and its production method |
| CN108651205A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-10-16 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | A kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method |
| CN108812089A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-16 | 山东胜伟旅游发展有限公司 | A method of utilizing saline and alkaline real estate ALFALFA PRODUCTION feed |
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| CN108812089A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-16 | 山东胜伟旅游发展有限公司 | A method of utilizing saline and alkaline real estate ALFALFA PRODUCTION feed |
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