Background technology
China is world Fertilizer consumption and produces the first big country, its turnout and amount of application increase year by year, particularly in some economically developed coastlands, expensive rural laborer's cost makes people abandon the tradition of manure use, and relies on the input of a large amount of chemical fertilizer.According to statistics, China's chemical fertilizer aggregate consumption is 4,600 ten thousand tons of left and right approximately, and wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer consumption is 2,300 ten thousand tons of left and right, and Chinese fertilizer production accounts for more than 1/5 of world Fertilizer ultimate production, occupy first place, the whole world.
In recent years,, though the usage ratio of China composite fertilizer has the slower development of increasing, greatly limited the development of composite fertilizer's industry.Entangle its reason, that Common compound fertilizer nutrient proportioning is unreasonable from phenomenon, fertilizer efficiency is not obvious, use inconvenient, and be in fact because the nitrogen nutrient in composite fertilizer very easily runs off, maximum 30 days of fertilizer efficiency period, the later stage is wanted Nitrogen Top Dressing, nitrogen utilization efficiency only has 30% left and right, is difficult to make the high-quality composite fertilizer that scientific formulation is reasonable, fertilizer efficiency is high, easy to use.Particularly some small-sized composite fertilizer manufacturers,, owing to lacking technology and fund, cause quality product to be difficult to guarantee.Restricting agricultural development and peasant's income, is only 30~40% as the utilization ratio of blood urea nitrogen.improving chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is the problem of global concern: 20 century 70s, external through large quantity research, tens of kinds of slowly-releasings have been released, release and release control fertilizer, these new and high technologies can better be controlled the fertilizer nutrient release rate and compare with the common fertilizer conventional fertilizer application, the administering long-lasting slow release fertilizer can significantly improve the utilization ratio of formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen, reduce the amount of application of fertilizer, not only can save a large amount of manpowers and energy expenditure, and higher utilization rate of fertilizer can drop to minimum level to the possibility of underground water with nitrate leaching, reduce the discharging of greenhouse gases, preserve the ecological environment, the health that is conducive to the mankind.But the nitrogen stabilization additives that is used for compound manure production in prior art exists that function singleness, effect are undesirable, selling at exorbitant prices, the cost of increasing input, to problems such as ecological environment of soil exert an influence.
In addition, although in existing composite fertilizer production standard, trace element is not required, but for cost consideration composite fertilizer manufacturer, seldom have and add trace element, in causing in soil, trace element enters not attachedly to go out, occurred in some area becoming the limiting factor of limiting output and improving because the physiological disease that nutritional deficiency causes occurs.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that invention will solve: a kind of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive is provided, this nitrogen Stable Release combined additive contains moderate-element, trace element, can improve the nitrogen utilization efficiency of formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen, reduce nitrogenous fertilizer gaseous loss and leaching loss, reduce the loss and waste of secondary element, improved the return rate of fertilizer.
The technical scheme that the technical solution problem is taked: a kind of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive, formed by cyanamide based composition and wilkinite, clinoptilolite, solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder, calculating by weight its composition is: cyanamide based composition 10%~25%, wilkinite 20%~25%, clinoptilolite 20%~25%, solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder 35%~40%.
As improvement of the present invention: described cyanamide based composition is the mixture of thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100, three kinds of materials of cyanamide.
As a further improvement on the present invention: in the cyanamide based composition, the weight part ratio of thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100, cyanamide is: 1~2:2~4:1~3.
Further improve as of the present invention: described Dyhard RU 100, cyanamide, thiocarbamide fineness are 60~80 orders again.
The fineness of described wilkinite, zeolite, solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder is 80~100 orders.
A kind of application of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive and nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer evenly are mixed and made into long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) Fertilizer application.
As a further improvement on the present invention: the nitrogen form in described nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer is amidonitrogen, ammonium nitrogen.
Amidonitrogen in described long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) fertilizer, ammonium nitrogen are by weight, amidonitrogen accounts for 60%~65%, ammonium nitrogen accounts for 25%~30%, and nitrogen Stable Release combined additive accounts for 5%~15%, and nitrogen stabilizer is evenly mixed with amide nitrogen fertilizer, ammonium fertilizer.
Further improve as of the present invention: the nitrogen form in described nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer is amidonitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and nitric nitrogen again.
In described long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) fertilizer by weight, amidonitrogen accounts for 50%, ammonium nitrogen accounts for 25%~30%, nitric nitrogen accounts for 10%~15%, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive accounts for 5%~10%, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive and amide nitrogen fertilizer, ammonium fertilizer, nitrate fertilizer intimate mixing.
Effective effect: nitrogen Stable Release combined additive of the present invention, the technical scheme that has adopted described nitrogen Stable Release combined additive to be formed by cyanamide based composition, clinoptilolite, solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder and wilkinite.
Wilkinite contains various trace elements, as: SiO
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, MgO, CaO, K
2O etc.Wilkinite has the performances such as cationic exchange, adsorptivity, stability, and nutrient and moisture are had very strong adsorptive power and loading capacity.
Clinoptilolite is the alkaline earth metal aluminosilicate mineral substance of a kind of shape structure, the clinoptilolite stable in properties, and ion exchange capacity and surface-area are large, and absorption property is good, has very strong ion exchange.By to NH4
+-N and K
+The selective adsorption effect can make soil available nitrogen that crop can not absorb fully and effectively potassium remain in soil, further reduce gaseous loss and the leaching loss of nitrogen.Clinoptilolite contains abundant SiO in addition
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, CaO, MgO, K
2O, the nutritive elements such as NaO, these elements all exist with ionic condition, can be absorbed by crop.Clinoptilolite has very strong avidity for water molecules, and water-retentivity is good, can keep soil soft, improves a situation.
The solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder is rich in the elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium, iron and manganese, silicon is the important nutritive element that plant materials forms, classified as the fourth-largest element after nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium by international soil circle, farm crop can promote root growth and development after absorbing silicon, improve the ability of resistant to lodging, disease and insect resistance, drought resisting, cold-resistant and nutrition absorption, and can improve crops quality, meet the requirement of modern times " green food " development.Siliceous fertilizer can be regulated farm crop at the nutritional needs of different steps to elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and the effect of supplying with that suppresses is arranged when other element use is excessive.Simultaneously, siliceous fertilizer can obviously improve quality of agricultural product, and the sugar of melon and fruit class and VITAMIN, the fat of peanut, the starch of cereal, the protein equal size of wheat are obviously improved.Increase the hardness of fruit, painted good, taste is good, commodity is good, anti-accumulating, prolong storage period.Siliceous fertilizer can reduce phosphate fertilizer fixing in soil, the absorption to phosphorus of the phosphorus in activating soil and promotion root system, the utilization ratio of raising phosphate fertilizer.Strengthen absorption and the utilization of calcium, magnesium, can well regulate the Balance Absorption of crop to Different Nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, be called as " plant modulability fertilizer ", the solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder also contains the trace elements such as a certain amount of zinc, magnesium, boron, iron except containing more useful nutritive element silicon, calcium, magnesium, and crop is had the compound nutritional effect.
All contain in calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, manganese etc. in wilkinite, clinoptilolite, solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder, trace element, be all the needed important element of plant-growth, significant for the generation that prevents some special crop physiological disease.
With respect to prior art, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive of the present invention, except containing the urease inhibitor nitrification inhibitor, also utilize the ion exchange capacity performance of clinoptilolite, to the NH4 in soil
+, K
+Stronger selective adsorption performance is arranged.Guarantor's nitrogen, guarantor's potassium with height are made ability, prevent fertilizer loss.Provide multiple moderate-element and trace element for crop simultaneously.Therefore, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive of the present invention, has the nitrogen utilization efficiency that improves formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen, promote absorption and the validity of other nutritive substance, supplement moderate-element, trace element, reduce nitrogen loss and to the effect of the harm of ecotope, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive of the present invention can improve 20% with the nitrogen utilization efficiency of formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen.
In the present invention, cyanamide based composition and wilkinite, zeolite, silicon calcium powder differ from one another, and combine the performance cooperative compensating, the relay synergism.All raw material is the environmental protection material.Abundant raw material, cheap, use flexibly, simple and easy to operate, be applicable to various compound manure production technique and equipment, be therefore the desirable material of producing various long-acting slow-releases compound (mixing) fertilizer.
Because the fineness that has adopted described wilkinite, zeolite, silicon calcium powder is 80~100 orders, the fineness of described Dyhard RU 100, cyanamide, thiocarbamide is 60~80 purpose technical characterictics, has improved validity and the adsorptivity of element.
Be the technical characterictic of the mixture of thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100, three kinds of materials of cyanamide owing to having adopted described cyanamide based composition.
Dyhard RU 100 is nitrification inhibitor, by the ammonium oxidizing bacteria or the nitrite bacteria that suppress nitrosification and denitrification, controls NH in soil
4 +To NO
2 -And NO
2 -To NO
3 -Conversion.。
Cyanamide itself is good plant-growth regulator, sterilant, sterilant.It is Dyhard RU 100 that the easier polymerization reaction take place of cyanamide generates.
Thiocarbamide has the dual function of urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor, and thiocarbamide is very obvious to the restraining effect of urease activity, but action time is shorter.
Thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100, three kinds of materials of cyanamide are each tool characteristic of cyanamide class material and have different effects, utilize its collaborative relay to turn mutually complementary action and can adjust conversion and the utilization of amidonitrogen in compound manure, ammonium nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, increase crop utilizing the time and reducing NO available nitrogen
2 -And NO
3 -Direct Loss or indirect loss.
due to the mixing ratio that reasonably defines nitrogen Stable Release combined additive of the present invention and nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer, and the composition of nitrogenous compound (mixing) Nitrogen element form, make multiple (mixing) Hefei of the long-acting slow-release that adopts this nitrogen Stable Release combined additive to produce expect to have nitrogen utilization efficiency high, fertilizer efficiency is long, make fertilizer providing rate substantially reach consistent with the regulation of fertilizer requirement of crop, a base manure is used to topdress and can be met the crop needs of whole breeding time, save fertilizer, reduce costs, improve output, improve the advantage of quality, met peasant's actual needs, can greatly alleviate peasant's labour intensity, be conducive to simultaneously the protection of ecotope.
Embodiment
A kind of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive, consist of cyanamide based composition, wilkinite, clinoptilolite and solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder, and the fineness of described wilkinite, zeolite, silicon calcium powder is 80~100 orders.
Described cyanamide based composition is the mixture of thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100, three kinds of materials of cyanamide, and described thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100, cyanamide fineness are 60~80 orders.
Embodiment 1
In the cyanamide based composition, the weight part ratio of thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100, cyanamide is: 1:4:1.
Embodiment 2
In the cyanamide based composition, the weight part ratio of thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100, cyanamide is: 2:2:3.
Embodiment 3
A kind of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive, calculate by weight its composition and be: cyanamide based composition 25%, wilkinite 20%, clinoptilolite 20%, solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder 35%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive, calculate by weight its composition and be: cyanamide based composition 10%, wilkinite 25%, clinoptilolite 25%, solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder 40%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of application of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive and nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer evenly are mixed and made into long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) Fertilizer application, nitrogen form in described nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer is amidonitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, in long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) fertilizer by weight, amidonitrogen accounts for 60%, ammonium nitrogen accounts for 25%, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive accounts for 15%, and nitrogen Stable Release combined additive evenly mixes with amide nitrogen fertilizer, ammonium fertilizer.
Embodiment 6
A kind of application of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive and nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer evenly are mixed and made into long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) Fertilizer application, nitrogen form in described nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer is amidonitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, in long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) fertilizer by weight, amidonitrogen accounts for 65%, ammonium nitrogen accounts for 30%, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive accounts for 5%, and nitrogen Stable Release combined additive evenly mixes with amide nitrogen fertilizer, ammonium fertilizer.
Embodiment 7
A kind of application of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive and nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer evenly are mixed and made into long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) Fertilizer application, nitrogen form in described nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer is amidonitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, in long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) fertilizer by weight, amidonitrogen accounts for 50%, ammonium nitrogen accounts for 25%, nitric nitrogen 15%, and nitrogen Stable Release combined additive accounts for 10%.
Embodiment 8
A kind of application of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive, nitrogen Stable Release combined additive and nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer evenly are mixed and made into long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) Fertilizer application, nitrogen form in described nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer is amidonitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, in long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) fertilizer by weight, amidonitrogen accounts for 50%, ammonium nitrogen accounts for 30%, nitric nitrogen 15%, and nitrogen Stable Release combined additive accounts for 5%
The preparation method of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive of the present invention:
Get thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100, the cyanamide of formula ratio and the fineness that requires in embodiment 1 or 2, mix, obtain the cyanamide based composition.
Get wilkinite, clinoptilolite, solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder, the cyanamide based composition of formula ratio and the fineness that requires in embodiment 3 or 4 and mix, obtain nitrogen Stable Release combined additive of the present invention.
The application method of nitrogen Stable Release combined additive of the present invention:
Nitrogen Stable Release combined additive and desired nitrogenous compound (mixing) fertilizer of getting formula ratio in embodiment 5,6,7 or 8 mix, and obtain long-acting slow-release compound (mixing) fertilizer.
In the present invention, solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder used is the solubility in citric acid silicon calcium powder that blast furnace water quenching slag or yellow phosphorus furnace slag are produced.
The present invention has effectively solved the bottleneck problem of restriction composite fertilizer development, has not only solved the problem of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and has solved composite fertilizer scientific formulation, rational problem, make apply fertilizers scientifically, rational application of fertilizers becomes a reality.