A kind of slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer
Technical field
The present invention relates to nitrogenous fertilizer, specifically a kind of slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and being applied in the agriculture production of fertilizer is vital.After particularly founding the state, the chemical fertilizer usage quantity is grown out of nothing, and from less to more, has promoted increasing substantially of farm output.Present Chinese chemical fertilizer usage quantity is Yue Ju world first, and annual consumption accounts for more than 1/5 of world Fertilizer ultimate production.
At present China's chemical fertilizer application exists extremely irrational phenomenon, and quite big with the developed country gap, particularly straight fertilizer is used too much, the compoundization rate of fertilizer is very low, composite fertilizer only accounts for 20% of fertilizer total amount, and the developed country such as the U.S., composite fertilizer uses and accounts for more than 70%.
Restricting agricultural development and peasant's income in the low problem of China's utilization rate of fertilizer, only be 30-40% as the utilization ratio of blood urea nitrogen always, and fertilizer efficiency period only had about 50 days.So mainly do the use of topdressing.Compound (mixing) is fertile in technological problems, and nitrogen content can not be hanged down the problem short with fertilizer efficiency by too high nitrogen utilization efficiency in addition, also can only make base manure and use, and imposes nitrogenous fertilizer at crop growth in the phase.This fertilizer application mode makes most of nitrogenous fertilizer among various approach are lost in environment, has caused pollution to environment, the trouble and the labour intensity that have also increased agriculture production cost simultaneously and topdressed and bring.Therefore, improve utilization rate of fertilizer and output, minimizing labour intensity and cost, become the major issue of being badly in need of solution in China's agriculture production.
In addition along with the progress of science and technology, chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, plant growth regulation etc. are for when increasing substantially crop yield and make huge contribution, also cause soil with organic matter to reduce, protect fertile, water retention capacity decline, further aggravated environmental pollution, soil erosion and drought, damage caused by waterlogging evil, ecotope has been caused very big harm.Studies show that, excessively use synthetics also can cause in various degree infringement HUMAN HEALTH.
Summary of the invention
At the problem of above-mentioned existence, the object of the present invention is to provide the high slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer of a kind of plant recovery of nutrient.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer mainly is made up of nitrogen manure, and described nitrogen manure is the mixture of organonitrogen fertilizer and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, and wherein the part by weight of the nitrogen content in organic nitrogenous fertilizer and the inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer is 1: 0.5~2.
Described inorganic nitrogen fertilizer is nitrogenous fertilizer such as urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride or diammonium phosphate; The organonitrogen fertilizer is the amino acid organic nitrogenous fertilizer; Also can be added with urease inhibitor (as thiophosphoryl triamide (NBPT), phenyl phosphoryl diamine (PPD), cyanamide calcium or ammonium thiosulfate) and/or nitrification inhibitor (as: Dyhard RU 100 (DCD) or nitrogen-pyridine [2-chloro-6 (trichloromethyl)-pyridine] or 3-methylpyrazole (MP) in the compound fertilizer.The consumption of inhibitor be in the compound fertilizer nitrogen manure weight content 0.2%~8%; Also can be added with phosphate fertilizer (as: diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate), potash fertilizer (as: vitriolate of tartar, Repone K) and/or middle trace element (as: borax, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate) in the compound fertilizer, their addition is in the fertilizer gross weight, be respectively 10~20%, 10~15%, 2~5%.
Its preparation method is the simple substance nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and/or the middle trace element that utilize particle diameter identical, is mixed together in proportion, and add a certain amount of urease inhibitor and/or nitrification inhibitor according to fertilizer material and purposes, make slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. fertilizer quality better.Slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer uniform particles, the fertilizer efficiency of being produced is long, plant recovery of nutrient is high, and safety, environmental protection are the desirable fertilizer of producing pollution-free food, green food.
2. utilization rate of fertilizer height.Fertilizer nitrogen utilization efficiency of the present invention can improve more than 10%, and fertilizer efficiency period reaches 100~120 days, can increase grain yield about 15% under the equal nutrient condition, and make quality product reach nuisanceless standard, also helps improvement of the ecological environment and Sustainable development.Actively applying slow release long-acting compound fertilizer, is the key point that improves the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer.
3. cost is low.Slow release long-acting compound fertilizer of the present invention can be produced flexibly according to producing needs, uses to remove from as base manure and topdresses, both saving of labor, laborsaving; The fertilizer efficiency that can prolong nitrogenous fertilizer reaches once base and executes the effect that need not topdress.Slow release long-acting production of compound fertilizer technology is simple, and less investment is profitable.
Embodiment
The preparation method of compound fertilizer of the present invention is the simple substance nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the middle trace element that utilize particle diameter identical, is mixed and is in the same place in proportion, and add a certain amount of urease inhibitor or nitrification inhibitor according to fertilizer material and purposes, make slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer.
Embodiment 1
Nitrogen manure is made up of two portions, organonitrogen is the amino acid organic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer is a granular urea, by nitrogen content, the amino acid organic nitrogenous fertilizer of 0.5 part granular urea and 1 part is mixed, make organic-inorganic nitrogen mixed fertilizer, add the urease inhibitor ammonium thiosulfate, make long-acting nitrogen manure in 0.2% ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer weight;
Mixing with other P-K fertilizers according to prescription, their addition is respectively 10% monoammonium phosphate in the fertilizer gross weight, 10% vitriolate of tartar, and 3% middle trace element is made slow release long-acting compound fertilizer.
Slow-release nitro compound fertilizer is used on corn, and test is handled (in the mu rate of fertilizer application) and is: 1, control group such as executes at the fertile 25kg applied once of nutrient content compound, and the described nutrient content that waits is meant N, P
2O
5, K
2O content; 2, slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer 25kg is as the base manure applied once; The result is as shown in table 1.
The effect of table 1 slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer on corn
Test is handled |
Biomass (g) |
Fringe grain heavy (g) |
100-grain weight (g) |
Output (kg/ mu) |
Volume increase (%) |
Deng nutrient content compound fertilizer slow-release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer |
260.0 265.9 |
112.5 128.3 |
30.1 32.2 |
542.5 610.2 |
12.48 |
Embodiment 2
Nitrogen manure is made up of two portions, organonitrogen is the amino acid organic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer is a granular urea, by nitrogen content, the amino acid organic nitrogenous fertilizer of 2 parts granular ureas and 1 part is mixed, make organic-inorganic nitrogen mixed fertilizer, in 3% ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer weight add thiophosphoryl triamide, by 2% ratio interpolation DCD of nitrogenous fertilizer weight, make long-acting nitrogen manure;
Mixing with other P-K fertilizers according to prescription, their addition is respectively 15% phosphate fertilizer in the fertilizer gross weight, 10% Repone K, and 5% middle trace element is made slow release long-acting compound fertilizer.
Slow-release nitro compound fertilizer is used on paddy rice, and test is handled (in the mu rate of fertilizer application) and is: 1, control group such as executes at the fertile 40 kilograms of applied onces of nutrient content compound, and the described nutrient content that waits is meant N, P
2O
5, K
2O content; 2, slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer 40kg is as the base manure applied once; The result is as shown in table 2.
The effect of table 2 slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer on paddy rice
Handle |
Output (kg/ mu) |
Volume increase (%) |
Deng nutrient content compound fertilizer slow-release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer |
516.5 581.6 |
- 12.60 |
Embodiment 3
Nitrogen manure is made up of two portions, organonitrogen is the amino acid organic nitrogenous fertilizer, inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer is a granular urea, by nitrogen content, the amino acid organic nitrogenous fertilizer of 1 part granular urea and 1 part is mixed, make organic-inorganic nitrogen mixed fertilizer, in 5% ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer weight add cyanamide calcium, by 3% ratio interpolation 3-methylpyrazole of nitrogenous fertilizer weight, make long-acting nitrogen manure;
Mixing with other P-K fertilizers according to prescription, their addition is respectively 10% phosphate fertilizer in the fertilizer gross weight, 15% Repone K, and 5% middle trace element is made slow release long-acting compound fertilizer.
Slow-release nitro compound fertilizer is used on vegetables, and test is handled (in the mu rate of fertilizer application) and is: 1, control group such as executes at the fertile 30 kilograms of applied onces of nutrient content compound, and the described nutrient content that waits is meant N, P
2O
5, K
2O content; 2, slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer 30kg is as the base manure applied once; The result is as shown in table 3.
The effect of table 3 slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer on vegetables
Handle |
Output (kg/ mu) |
Volume increase (%) |
Deng nutrient content compound fertilizer slow-release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer |
516.5 581.6 |
- 12.60 |
Slow-release nitro compound fertilizer is used on eggplant, and test is handled (in the mu rate of fertilizer application) and is: 1, control group such as executes at the fertile 35 kilograms of applied onces of nutrient content compound, and the described nutrient content that waits is meant N, P2O5, K2O content; 2, slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer 35kg is as the base manure applied once; The result is as shown in table 4.
Table 4 slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer is to the influence of eggplant quality
Handle |
Solid substance (%) |
Increase (%) |
Nitrate (mg/kg) |
Reduce (%) |
Deng nutrient content compound fertilizer slow-release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer |
5.0 5.8 |
16.0 |
372.95 267.20 |
-28.4 |
Slow-release nitro compound fertilizer is used on apple, and test is handled (in the mu rate of fertilizer application) and is: 1, control group such as executes at the fertile 60 kilograms of applied onces of nutrient content compound, and the described nutrient content that waits is meant N, P2O5, K2O content; 2, slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer 60kg is as the base manure applied once; The result is as shown in table 5.
Table 5 slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer is to the influence of apple quality
Handle |
Solid substance (%) |
Increase (%) |
Nitrate (mg/kg) |
Reduce (%) |
Deng nutrient content compound fertilizer slow-release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer |
13.1 15.7 |
19.9 |
39.29 30.50 |
-22.4 |