CN102557842A - Nitrogen fertilizer synergist for vegetable planting and application method of synergist - Google Patents
Nitrogen fertilizer synergist for vegetable planting and application method of synergist Download PDFInfo
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- CN102557842A CN102557842A CN2012100590832A CN201210059083A CN102557842A CN 102557842 A CN102557842 A CN 102557842A CN 2012100590832 A CN2012100590832 A CN 2012100590832A CN 201210059083 A CN201210059083 A CN 201210059083A CN 102557842 A CN102557842 A CN 102557842A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention relates to a nitrogen fertilizer synergist for vegetable planting and an application method of the synergist. The nitrogen fertilizer synergist is prepared by screening a high-efficiency urease inhibitor (quinhydrone), a nitrification inhibitor (dicyandiamide) and sepiolite with appropriate prices and good effects in a ratio of 1:10:100, 15 to 20kg of synergist is applied per mu in a single season, the synergist serving as a base fertilizer is applied to soil after being fully mixed with other conventionally applied base fertilizers uniformly, and the total amount of a nitrogen fertilizer in the base fertilizer is reduced by 20 to 30 percent compared with the local conventional using amount. The synergist is easy to operate, the yield and quality of vegetables can be improved on the basis that the cost of the nitrogen fertilizer is saved by 20 to 30 percent, the pollution of the nitrogen fertilizer can be relieved to a certain extent, the nitrogen fertilizer is efficiently managed and utilized, and win-win economic benefits and ecological benefits are achieved; and the synergist has a good application prospect in vegetable production, particularly in a vegetable production base with serious soil nitrogen enrichment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent and application method thereof; Be specifically related to a kind of nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent and application method thereof that combines urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor and sepiolite; This method has and improves the vegetables utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, increases vegetable crop, improve quality of vegetable effect.
Background technology
Vegetables have growth soon, and vegetative period is short, a little less than the root system, and characteristics such as output height, nitrogenous fertilizer plays a part very important in growing vegetables always.But because the producer is to the pursuit of high economic interests; It is high that China vegetables produce the ubiquity multiple crop index; Reasons such as the applied nitrogen of continuous cropping excess for many years, irrational fertilising; Caused the present vegetables of China produce in nitrogenous fertilizer waste utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer low (numerous reports show that China's vegetables nitrogenous fertilizer this season utilization ratio is generally all below 30%) in a large number; Caused outstanding problems such as soil acidification, underground water and nitrate salts content of vegetable exceed standard, and the amount of application of control nitrogenous fertilizer has become to contain the unique channel that these environmental problems worsen.Therefore, people are attempting executing through joining of nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent, improve fertilizer effectiveness, reduce nitrogen fertilizer amount.In the existing technology, in conjunction with 2,5-dichloronitrobenzene (like one Chinese patent application 201010256573.2), nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agents such as (like one Chinese patent application 98121092) such as Dyhard RU 100 improve the existing application of fertilizer effectiveness.
Urease inhibitor mainly suppresses urease activity in the nitrogenous fertilizer synergistic matter; Prolong the hydrolysis release rate of urea in soil, improve the utilization ratio of crop to nitrogen, nitrification inhibitor mainly suppresses nitrifier; The control nitrification reduces the loss of denitrification loss and nitrate salt.But at present, form the less of product, and more under test, and in the actual production, it is quite few that use in the land for growing field crops, and synergistic agent is few at home with the application process that decrement nitrogenous fertilizer effectively cooperates.
Sepiolite is a kind of superfine clay mineral, and bigger specific surface area is arranged, and good adsorption is arranged; Research shows; Sepiolite has slow releasing function preferably to nitrogen manure, to reducing the loss of nitrogen, guarantees that the fertilizer efficiency in nitrogen later stage has effect more significantly; Therefore, chemical nitrogen fertilizer had extremely strong synergism.Simultaneously, because the sepiolite aboundresources, cheap (about 400 yuan per ton) have wide practical use on agricultural.But just present application feature, the application of sepiolite on growing vegetables is less.
The present invention filters out and can improve fertilizer effectiveness and the urease inhibitor (quinhydrone(s)) and the nitrification inhibitor (Dyhard RU 100) that improve vegetable crop; It is joined with fertilizer according to a certain percentage execute; Carry out field test and find that quinhydrone(s) and Dyhard RU 100 can not only improve the output of vegetables, can also significantly reduce nitrate salts content of vegetable; Increase the vegetables Vitamin C content, reduce the content of soil nitric nitrogen.After this, through field experiment, find on the basis that fertilizer synergist is used; Use sepiolite and can obtain better effect; Be that the sepiolite specific surface is big on the one hand, behind quinhydrone(s), the abundant mixing of Dyhard RU 100, again with the chemical fertilizer mixing; Help quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 fully contacts with nitrogenous fertilizer, better brings into play its effect; On the other hand, sepiolite has played slow releasing function to the absorption of nitrogenous fertilizer, has reduced the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer and materials such as quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 thereof, and the fertilizer effectiveness in crop later stage is guaranteed to have active effect.After this; Experimental result; The each side factors such as mixed economy, ecology, social benefit, the total consumption of best proportioning (1: 10: 100) and land for growing field crops that draws quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 and sepiolite is 15～20 kilograms of every mu of per seasons, joins with different nitrogen fertilizer amounts simultaneously and executes test-results and show; The amount of application that can reduce by 20%～30% nitrogenous fertilizer of using through these 3 kinds of synergistic agent; 3 kinds of materials and decrement nitrogenous fertilizer are effectively combined, formed one and be enclosed within the fertilizing method of using on the vegetables, minimizing nitrogen fertilizer amount, raising vegetable yields and quality are had important effect.
Summary of the invention
It is big to the present invention is directed in the vegetables production process nitrogen fertilizer amount; Utilization ratio is low; Outstanding problem such as cause vegetable crop, quality to descend and agroecological environment is seriously polluted provides a kind of and can reduce amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer, improves fertilizer effectiveness, improves the nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent and the application method thereof of vegetable yields and quality.
The objective of the invention is to realize in the following manner:
A kind of growing vegetables is used nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent, is to be mixed by quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 and the sepiolite part by weight according to 1: 10: 100.Quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100, three kinds of raw-material selections of sepiolite are Powdered, but the time long after, quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 lump easily, when the preparation of synergistic agent and synergistic agent use Shi Junxu will lump fully be crushed to Powdered.
The application method of above-mentioned nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent: with the base manure mixed applying in the soil of planting vegetable, reduce the usage quantity of nitrogenous fertilizer.
Specifically comprise following steps;
Amount of application and base manure according to 15～20 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agents of every mu of single cropping mix; Deduct 20%～30% nitrogenous fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer weight in the former base manure in the base manure, all the other fertilizer types and consumption are constant.
In the process of the present invention; Carried out a series of test of groping; After confirming nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent prescription of the present invention and method of use, it is tested and apply in vegetables base different vegetable plantations such as Wuhan, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiang Tan, the result shows; Can significantly improve fertilizer utilization ratio, have multiple effects such as the fertilizer amount of reduction, promotion vegetable growth, increase vegetable crop, raising quality of vegetable.Be particularly useful for leaf vegetables, other type vegetables are also had obvious effects.In addition, also have and to reduce environmental conservation function such as nitrate nitrogen content in the soil.
The practical implementation method
Be intended to further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, and unrestricted the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1) quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 and sepiolite take by weighing adapted directly in purchase on the market, and in 1: 10: 100 ratio.
2) since quinhydrone(s) and Dyhard RU 100 lump easily, at first quinhydrone(s) and Dyhard RU 100 are crushed to respectively Powdered, behind the abundant mixing of 1: 10 ratio, again in 1) middle ratio and the abundant mixing of Powdered sepiolite, be mixed with nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent.
Because the consumption of quinhydrone(s) and Dyhard RU 100 is less, behind the proportional mixing, can be a bag also by 500～1000 grams, store for future use with sealed bag, so that take according to quantity next time.
3) according to local conventional base manure (generally comprising inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potash fertilizer etc.) amount of application; Deduct the nitrogenous fertilizer of base manure Central Plains amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer 20%～30%, other rates of fertilizer are constant, and base manure is fully mixed thoroughly earlier; Add less water when mixing thoroughly, make fertilizer a little moistening.
4) according to the consumption of 15～20 kilograms every mu of single croppings; Take by weighing an amount of nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent, (if be equipped with quinhydrone(s) and the Dyhard RU 100 of placing before taking, the application hand will wherein lump and all pulverize; Guarantee that synergistic agent all is Powdered), and fully mix thoroughly with other base manure fertilizer of step 3).
5) during fertilizer and compound synergist are manured into soil as base manure, should fully mix thoroughly with soil.
6) after fertilizer is used soil, sowing or transplanting again in 2～3 days at interval.
Interpretation of result:
A) screening of urease inhibitor of the present invention and nitrification inhibitor and preparation.At first set about, improve the fertilizer efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer, selected the multiple urease inhibitor that cost is suitable on the market and nitrification inhibitor and make up and carry out field test from the loss that reduces nitrogen that utilizes the process of nitrogen from the loss approach of nitrogen; Comprehensive production cost, vegetable yields and quality index; Filtering out urease inhibitor is quinhydrone(s), and nitrification inhibitor is a Dyhard RU 100, after this; Test through consumption proportion; Draw quinhydrone(s) and Dyhard RU 100 proportioning be about 1: 10 optimum, and both total consumptions obtain best economic benefit when every mu of 1.65 kilograms of left and right sides of single cropping.
B) introducing of sepiolite nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent of the present invention.Because the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer serious (the especially rainy season in south), it is fertile relatively poor to cause the plant growth later stage to supply, and sepiolite to nitrogenous fertilizer adsorb preferably, slow releasing function, can play good synergism, just can reduce because the problem that nitrogen runs off and brings.Under the condition of using quinhydrone(s) and Dyhard RU 100; After reducing nitrogenous fertilizer 20%, every mu of consumption of sepiolite single cropping of vegetables such as extra large garlic, Plantula Brassicae chinensis, caraway, mater convolvulus is in 15～20 kilograms of scopes, all can play effect preferably; And after surpassing 20 kilograms; Continue to increase the sepiolite consumption, effect no longer be significantly improved (to 25 kilograms, only increasing production about 0.1%) by 20 kilograms of every mu of consumptions of single cropping.The preliminary sepiolite consumption of confirming every mu of vegetables single cropping is at 15～20 kilograms.
On the basis of using quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100, (reduce nitrogenous fertilizer 20% back); Quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 total amount still are 1.65 kilograms every mu of single croppings; The superpose sepiolite test (on the vegetables such as extra large garlic, Plantula Brassicae chinensis, caraway, mater convolvulus) of above different amounts, test-results is seen table 1: the blank contrast of following table is a conventional fertilizer application.
Table 1 quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 are joined the influence of executing vegetable crop amplification with different sepiolite consumptions
Using on quinhydrone(s), the Dyhard RU 100 basis; Join and execute different sepiolite results and show, every mu of vegetables of single cropping are joined and execute sepiolite in 15 kilograms of scopes, and output increases and obviously increases along with the sepiolite consumption; In the time of 15 kilograms, reach higher value; After surpassing 15 kilograms, continue to increase the sepiolite consumption, output increases not obvious.Therefore; Consider from aspects such as vegetable crop, sepiolite cost, human costs; Be the best ratio of executing of joining 1.65 kilogram is joined the sepiolite of executing about 15 kilograms, confirm tentatively that promptly compound synergist is quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 and sepiolite, its blending ratio is about 1: 10: 100.
Through groping to test a) b) after, the raw material of confirming synergistic agent is quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 and sepiolite, allocation ratio is behind 1: 10: 100 and the amount of application, to confirm that tentatively every mu of amount ranges of synergistic agent single cropping is 15～20 kilograms.
Behind the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer 20%～30% that reduces, synergistic agent and nitrogenous fertilizer decrement joined to execute carry out following test.
C) 2009 in vegetables base, Huang Xing town, ChangSha, Hunan Province county; Carried out continuously and subtracted the field test that nitrogen is joined the nitrogen fertilizer application synergistic agent; The blending ratio of quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 sepiolite is 1: 10: 100, and every mu of consumption of synergistic agent single cropping is that 17.5 kilograms (17.5 kilograms is 15～20 kilograms the intermediate value of getting) make an experiment.
Test-results is as shown in table 2: after directly reducing nitrogen fertilizer amount, vegetable crop descends, and under the condition that reduces nitrogenous fertilizer, joins and executes urease inhibitor with the nitrification inhibitor agent can significantly improve vegetable crop, but after the increase sepiolite, reach best effect.Simultaneously, reduce by 20% nitrogenous fertilizer and join when executing compound synergist, obtain higher output, for comparatively ideal joining executed combination.Concrete data analysis does; On the basis that subtracts nitrogenous fertilizer 20% and 30%, join and execute compound synergist (quinhydrone(s)+Dyhard RU 100+sepiolite); The pure nitrogenous fertilizer (not adding any synergistic agent) 20% and 30% that subtract of average specific such as Guangxi green onion, Plantula Brassicae chinensis, caraway and mater convolvulus increase production 20.2% and 16.7% respectively, than conventional fertilizer application raising the output 15.2% and 7.6%.
The volume variance (ton/mu) of table 2 vegetables different fertilization
Different fertilization is as shown in table 3 to the influence of nitrate salts content of vegetable,
The nitrate salts content of vegetable difference (mg/kg) of table 3 different fertilization
Compare with conventional fertilizer application, reduce after the nitrogenous fertilizer 20% and 30%, nitrate salts content of vegetable all descends to some extent, and is wherein best to reduce 30% nitrogenous fertilizer+quinhydrone(s)+Dyhard RU 100+sepiolite treatment effect.Be specially, on the basis that subtracts nitrogenous fertilizer 20% and 30%, join the nitrogen fertilizer application synergistic agent, 4 kinds of pure minimizings 6.2% and 5.7% that subtract nitrogenous fertilizer 20% and 30% of nitrate salts content of vegetable average specific reduce 10.5% and 15.5% than conventional fertilizer application.
Different fertilization is as shown in table 4 to the influence of vegetables dimension C content,
The vegetables Vitamin C content difference (mg/kg) of table 4 different fertilization
Compare with conventional fertilizer application, reduce after the nitrogenous fertilizer 20% and 30%, 4 kinds of vegetables dimension C content all increase to some extent, and are wherein best to reduce 30% nitrogenous fertilizer+quinhydrone(s)+Dyhard RU 100+sepiolite treatment effect.Be embodied in, on the basis that subtracts nitrogenous fertilizer 20% and 30%, join the nitrogen fertilizer application synergistic agent, the pure increase by 3.5% and 8.3% that subtracts nitrogenous fertilizer 20% and 30% of 4 kinds of vegetables dimension C content average specifics increases by 10.5% and 15.5% than conventional fertilizer application.
Different fertilization is as shown in table 5 to the influence of vegetables soil nitrate nitrogen content,
Table 5 different fertilization is to vegetables soil nitrate nitrogen content difference (mg/kg)
Compare with conventional fertilizer application, reduce after the nitrogenous fertilizer 20% and 30%, 4 kinds of vegetables soil nitrate nitrogen contents all decrease, and are wherein best to reduce 30% nitrogenous fertilizer+quinhydrone(s)+Dyhard RU 100+sepiolite treatment effect.Be embodied in, on the basis that subtracts nitrogenous fertilizer 20% and 30%, join the nitrogen fertilizer application synergistic agent, 4 kinds of pure increases by 2.0% and 4.1% that subtract nitrogenous fertilizer 20% and 30% of vegetables soil nitrate nitrogen content average specific increase by 6.2% and 5.7% than conventional fertilizer application.
D) 2009～2011, use nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent fertilising of the present invention, the enterprising step card of kinds such as vegetables base mater convolvulus, Guangxi green onion, Plantula Brassicae chinensis, spinach, caraway and extra large garlic in Huang Xing town, ChangSha, Hunan Province county.Test-results shows that the nitrogenous fertilizer of minimizing 20% is joined the nitrogen fertilizer application synergistic agent, can significantly improve the output of different sorts vegetables.Mater convolvulus, Guangxi green onion, Plantula Brassicae chinensis, spinach, caraway and extra large garlic are respectively than conventional fertilizer application raising the output 21.4%, 34.0%, 11.7%, 3.0%, 4.9% and 1.0%; Average raising the output 12.4%; The soil nitrate nitrogen content has reduction in various degree, on average reduces by 11.6%.
E) 2010; Use the nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent fertilising of the present invention hundred groups living vegetables of speed production base in Dongxihu District Bai Quan farm, Wuhan City, Hubei Province to make an experiment; The result is as shown in table 6: compare than conventional fertilizer application; This fertilizing method can improve output, leaf area, single-strain fresh weight, the chlorophyll content in leaf blades of vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, three-coloured amaranth, romaine lettuce, can reduce vegetable nitrate and soil nitrate nitrogen content simultaneously.
Table 6 nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent and nitrogenous fertilizer decrement are joined the influence of executing vegetable yields and quality (amplification)
2008～2011, use nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent fertilising of the present invention to carry out field test, test-results and c in Zhuzhou and vegetables base, area, Xiang Tan different vegetable) d) e) basically identical.
Confirm that through above a series of tests nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent of the present invention is 15～20 kilograms at every mu of vegetables single cropping optimum spraying amount, joins the nitrogen manure of executing and can reduce 20%～30%, can be reduced to 30% in the zone of soil nitrogen enrichment.
Claims (4)
1. a growing vegetables is used nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent, it is characterized in that, is to be mixed by quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 and the sepiolite part by weight according to 1: 10: 100.
2. nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, need grind to Powdered when quinhydrone(s), Dyhard RU 100 are used with sepiolite.
3. the application method of claim 1 or 2 described nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agents is characterized in that, with the base manure mixed applying in the soil of planting vegetable, reduce the usage quantity of nitrogenous fertilizer.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, specifically comprises following steps;
Amount of application and base manure according to 15～20 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agents of every mu of single cropping mix; Deduct 20%～30% nitrogenous fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer weight in the former base manure in the base manure, all the other fertilizer types and consumption are constant.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103254007A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-21 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Special additional fertilizer for tobacco with function of improving effect of nitrogen fertilizer and use method thereof |
| CN103254006A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-21 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Special nitrogen fertilizer synergia tobacco base fertilizer and use method thereof |
| CN104086311A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-08 | 镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司 | Special organic/inorganic compound fertilizer for edible amaranth |
| CN106995329A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-01 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | A kind of fertilizer synergist and use its organic fertilizer |
| CN111837555A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for reducing nitrogen fertilizer dosage and ammonia volatilization loss of farmland |
| CN113016517A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 南京农业大学 | Planting method of non-heading Chinese cabbages under condition of reduced application of nitrogen fertilizer |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103254007A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-21 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Special additional fertilizer for tobacco with function of improving effect of nitrogen fertilizer and use method thereof |
| CN103254006A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-21 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Special nitrogen fertilizer synergia tobacco base fertilizer and use method thereof |
| CN103254007B (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2015-04-08 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Special additional fertilizer for tobacco with function of improving effect of nitrogen fertilizer and use method thereof |
| CN103254006B (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2015-04-08 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Special nitrogen fertilizer synergia tobacco base fertilizer and use method thereof |
| CN104086311A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-08 | 镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司 | Special organic/inorganic compound fertilizer for edible amaranth |
| CN106995329A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-01 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | A kind of fertilizer synergist and use its organic fertilizer |
| CN111837555A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for reducing nitrogen fertilizer dosage and ammonia volatilization loss of farmland |
| CN111837555B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-08-02 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for reducing nitrogen fertilizer dosage and ammonia volatilization loss of farmland |
| CN113016517A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 南京农业大学 | Planting method of non-heading Chinese cabbages under condition of reduced application of nitrogen fertilizer |
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