Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer, use this corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer after, corn be not easy lodging, salt tolerant alkali, flowering time early, the knot fringe is big, for this reason, the present invention also provides the preparation method of this corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer.
The technical scheme taked of the present invention is to achieve these goals: a kind of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer; Said corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer contains the component of following mass percent: nitrogenous fertilizer effective constituent 27%; Phosphate fertilizer effective constituent 14%; Potash fertilizer effective constituent 4%, wilkinite 9.2-9.7%, long-acting complex fertilizer additive 0.7-0.9%;
Wherein, contain the smectite that mass percent is 85-90% in the said wilkinite, the mass fraction of each component is in the said long-acting complex fertilizer additive: 2-8 part quinhydrones, 3-25 part Dyhard RU 100,0.1-0.8 part complex rare-earth, 70-95 part zeolite powder.
Preferably, said corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer is made up of each component of following mass fraction:
319 parts of monoammonium phosphates, Repone K 63-71 part, urea 501-507 part, wilkinite 92-97 part, long-acting complex fertilizer additive 7-9 part;
Wherein: in the monoammonium phosphate mass percent of N element be 11%, P
2O
5Mass percent be 44%, K in the Repone K
2The mass percent of O is more than or equal to 57%, and the mass percent of N element is more than or equal to 46.4% in the urea.
Preferably, said corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer is made up of each component of following mass ratio: monoammonium phosphate: Repone K: urea: wilkinite: long-acting complex fertilizer additive=319:71:507:95:8, in the monoammonium phosphate mass percent of N element be 11%, P
2O
5Mass percent be 44%, K in the Repone K
2The mass percent of O is 57%, and the mass percent of N element is 46.4% in the urea.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of this corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer; Said preparing method's step is following: each component of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer is mixed back fragmentation, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, coating by proportioning, make corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is brought is:
1, contains long-acting complex fertilizer additive in the corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, make the fertilizer efficiency period of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer extend to 110-130 days, in the corn process of growth of Xinjiang, can topdress; And use overfertilization not in back early stage, mid-term is prominent long, and the later stage is not taken off fertilizer;
2, a large amount of field test results show, use the Xinjiang corn of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, and the stalk of all living is ripe, and robust growth; Strong stress resistance, full seed, the knot fringe is big, is not easy lodging; Salt tolerant alkali can both normal growth during for 5.5-8.5 at soil pH value, and flowering time early.Under the situation of fertilising of nutrients such as contrast and same fertilizing method; Use corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention and do not have lodging; Using common composite fertilizer's lodging rate is 2-3%, and the flowering time of using behind the corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is 75 days, has shifted to an earlier date 4-5 days than using common composite fertilizer; The crop yield amplitude is 10%-18%, reaches per mu yield 1130-1150 kilogram;
3, corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention adopts the control technique of nitrogen transformation and the technical system that the phosphorus activating technology combines, and the nutrient supply of the corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of processing is coordinated with the fertilizer requirement for crop growth rule mutually, has improved plant recovery of nutrient.When applying common composite fertilizer by the traditional fertilization method, nitrogen use efficiency is 28.6%-36.37%, use corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention after, nitrogen use efficiency is 38.7%-43.7%, has improved 2.33%-15.1%; Phosphorus utilization on average improves 4 percentage points, reaches 19-28%.Under the situation that obtains identical output, the fertile phosphorus nutrient of corn long-acting special of the present invention consumption reduces 1/3;
When 4, decrement 20% is used corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, corn yield during with the fertilizer of using group such as fertilising such as nutrient such as contrast grade output suitable.And corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention exempts to topdress, the saving of labor, takes all factors into consideration, and corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention has reduced the input cost of producing;
5, corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is to people and animals and farm crop safety; Less residue in soil and farm crop; Degradation rate reaches 75% then, residual quantity 0.071mg/kg in the soil, low 1400 times of the 100mg/kg of brake specific exhaust emission level of environment achievement (DMEG) standard.The nitrogen amount of drenching reduces 48%, N after using corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention
2The O quantity discharged reduces by 53%, can significantly reduce nitrogenous fertilizer and use the environmental pollution that brings; Simultaneously, improve the quality of crop, especially reduced nitrate content in the crop, helped human health.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The composition of raw materials of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is following:
(component by following mass fraction is formed: 2 parts of quinhydrones for 319kg powdery monoammonium phosphate, 71kg Repone K, 507kg urea, 95kg wilkinite (contain mass percent be 90% smectite) and 8kg long-acting complex fertilizer additive; 12 parts of Dyhard RU 100s; 0.2 part complex rare-earth, 85.8 parts of zeolite powders), wherein; By percent by weight of dry matter be: the N element is 11% in the monoammonium phosphate, P
2O
5Be 44%, K in the Repone K
2O is 57%, and the N element is 46.4% in the urea.
The preparation method of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is following:
Above-mentioned raw materials is thrown to batch bin continuously, broken through being transported in the crusher by rotary conveyor behind the automatic batching system, cross 60 mesh sieves; Send into the granulation of rotary drum granulator spraying steam again, barrel LV 0.9 meter per second is sent into the raw material after the granulation in the dryer and to be dried; Bake out temperature is 60 ℃, and drying time is 15 minutes, the raw material after the oven dry is sent into cooler cool off; Raw material after the oven dry is cooled to below 25 ℃; Through one-level screening and secondary screening, filter out the long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer particle of diameter between 2.5mm-4.25mm successively, it is got into the anti-caking of fertilizer coating machine coating; Metering packing gets corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
The composition of raw materials of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is following:
(component by following mass fraction is formed: 5 parts of quinhydrones for 319kg monoammonium phosphate, 63kg Repone K, 504kg urea, 97kg wilkinite (contain mass percent be 90% smectite) and 9kg long-acting complex fertilizer additive; 24 parts of Dyhard RU 100s; 0.1 part complex rare-earth, 70.9 parts of zeolite powders), wherein; By percent by weight of dry matter be: the N element is 11% in the monoammonium phosphate, P
2O
5Be 44%, K in the Repone K
2O is 64%, and the N element is 46.6% in the urea.
The preparation method of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is following:
Above-mentioned raw materials is thrown to batch bin continuously, broken through being transported in the crusher by rotary conveyor behind the automatic batching system, cross 70 mesh sieves; Send into the granulation of rotary drum granulator spraying steam again, barrel LV 1.0 meter per seconds are sent into the raw material after the granulation in the dryer and to be dried; Bake out temperature is 100 ℃, and drying time is 20 minutes, the raw material after the oven dry is sent into cooler cool off; Be cooled to below 25 ℃, through one-level screening and secondary screening, filter out the long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer particle of diameter between 2.5mm-4.25mm successively; It is sent into the anti-caking of fertilizer coating machine coating, and metering packing gets corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
The composition of raw materials of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is following:
(component by following mass percent is formed: 8 parts of quinhydrones for 319kg monoammonium phosphate, 67kg Repone K, 489kg urea, 92kg wilkinite (contain mass percent be 90% smectite) and 7kg long-acting complex fertilizer additive; 3 parts of Dyhard RU 100s; 0.8 part complex rare-earth, 95 parts of zeolite powders), wherein; By percent by weight of dry matter be: the N element is 11% in the monoammonium phosphate, P
2O
5Be 44%, K in the Repone K
2O is 58.1%, and the N element is 46.5% in the urea.
The preparation method of corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is following:
Above-mentioned raw materials is thrown to batch bin continuously, broken through being transported in the crusher by rotary conveyor behind the automatic batching system, cross 80 mesh sieves; Send into the granulation of rotary drum granulator spraying steam again, barrel LV 1.1 meter per seconds are sent into the raw material after the granulation in the dryer and to be dried; Bake out temperature is 180 ℃, and drying time is 25 minutes, the raw material after the oven dry is sent into cooler cool off; Be cooled to below 25 ℃, through one-level screening and secondary screening, filter out the long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer particle of diameter between 2.5mm-4.25mm successively; It is sent into the anti-caking of fertilizer coating machine coating, and metering packing gets corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment 4
Below nutrients such as the contrast fertilising described in the experiment be meant contained available nitrogen in the various fertilizer that control experiment uses, available phosphorus and effectively three kinds of nutrients of potassium total content and the contained available nitrogen of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention, available phosphorus and effectively the total content of three kinds of nutrients of potassium equate that various fertilizer amounts are complied with the local farm crop traditional habit consumption that applies fertilizer in the control experiment.
80 mu of the corn fields in the Da Lete town, Boyue City, Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Bortala of selection North SinKiang, corn variety: S2564.Soil type is ploughed moisture soil for irritating, and quality is husky earth, a film two row plantations, and seeding row spacing is 50cm-24cm, and theoretical strain number is 5555 strain/mus, and irrigation method is border irrigation, and April 22, sowing in the water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles on June 25, was irrigated 8 times breeding time.Soil is as shown in table 1 in the nutrient situation of 0-20cm before the fertilising, and nutrient situation is measured with ASI method (Agro. Service International, soil nutrient status systems approach to management).
Table 1
This plot organic content is higher, and available nitrogen, effective potassium (48.9 mg/L, 278 mg/L) belong to high fertility level, and available phosphorus content is medium.
Test is established three groups:
First group: contrast waits nutrient fertilising group;
Second group: corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer group of the present invention;
The 3rd group: the nutrient total content is 80% corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer group of the present invention.
First group is applied by local habits fertilization method: two ammoniums apply as base manure, and fertilizing method is: plow behind the broadcast application material, fertilizer is translated into underground 15 centimeters to 20 centimeters again.Urea divides to topdress for 5 times and applies, and topdressing method is executed for dashing with water; Second group and the 3rd group is applied as base manure, and fertilizing method spreads fertilizer over the fields disposable applying before ploughing.Concrete fertilising consumption and pure amount of nutrients see Table 2, and all the other field cultivation management methods are all consistent.
Table 2
Experimental result is following:
Corn yield is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
Can know by table 3: heavy, the seed ratio of single fringe that corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention has improved corn; And reduced the water cut of corn; Make corn ripen in advance and improved the plumpness of seed, used behind the corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention corn yield increasing 16.97%.
Corn does not have lodging after using corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention; The lodging rate that contrast waits nutrient fertilising group to apply the back corn is 2-3%; The flowering time of using behind the corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is 75 days, and using contrast, to wait the flowering time of the fertilizer corn of nutrient fertilising group be 79-80 days.
The 3rd group corn yield is suitable with first group corn yield, can know, when decrement 20% is used corn long-acting special slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, does not still influence corn yield.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.