CN107827523A - A kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect - Google Patents
A kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN107827523A CN107827523A CN201711223039.XA CN201711223039A CN107827523A CN 107827523 A CN107827523 A CN 107827523A CN 201711223039 A CN201711223039 A CN 201711223039A CN 107827523 A CN107827523 A CN 107827523A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect, and it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：28~38 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 18~22 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 32~36 parts of potash fertilizer, 1~2 part of zinc fertilizer, 8 12 parts of bentonites；The nitrogenous fertilizer is oxamides.The special fertilizer has the advantages that cost is low, fertilizer efficiency period is long, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, significantly improves yield, once applied as base manure using the special fertilizer for sweet potato, without multiple top dressing, reduce fertilizer application frequency, saving of work and time, Nitrogen balance in the slow release tunable sweet potato body of nitrogenous fertilizer in special fertilizer simultaneously, promotes the lifting of yield of sweet potato, every mu of dosage is 40~50kg.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect, belong to Crop fertilizer technical field.
Background technology
Sweet potato is one of China's staple food crop, due to its abundant nutritive value, good mouthfeel and healthcare function
It is deep to be favored by consumer, there is the title of " vegetables queen ", China's sweet potato cultivated area accounts for world's sweet potato cultivated area
42.65%, total output accounts for 71.22%, and sweet potato cultivated area and yield occupy first place in the world.
Fertilizer is an important factor for influenceing crop yield and quality, and crop nutrition content is provided by soil, is made for thing absorption, applies
The purpose of fertilizer is exactly to supplement because crop absorbs nutrient insufficient in soil, and therefore, the design of special fertilizer should be supplied with the nutrient of soil
It is foundation to answer the Study On The Nutrient Absorption Characters of feature and crop.Sweet potato belongs to happiness potassium crop, and the high yield field of per mu yield 3000kg fresh sweet potatos is sweet
Potato about absorbs 10kg nitrogen (N), 5kg phosphorus (P2O5), 15kg potassium (K2O)。
Nitrogen is the primary factor for limiting growth of sweet potato and forming yield, and sweet potato nitrogen source deficiency in growth course occurs scarce
Nitrogen symptom, can cause that growth of sweet potato is slow, and the short vines of internode are thin, and branch is few early stage, and the later stage can the early ageing underproduction；Sweet potato is nitrogenous fertilizer again
The less crop of demand, excessive nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount are also unfavorable for the raising of yield of sweet potato.At present, the sweet potato used in the market
Special fertilizer does not possess slow release effect typically, and sweet potato fertilising disposably applies generally as base manure, it is difficult to meets that the sweet potato later stage supports
The demand divided, therefore the yield and quality of sweet potato is vulnerable to influence.
Therefore, the design of special fertilizer for sweet potato need to take into full account the nutritional characteristic and regulation of fertilizer requirement of sweet potato, design nutrient and match somebody with somebody
Than dedicated fertilizer reasonable and with slow release characteristic, it is beneficial to improve yield of sweet potato and improves sweet potato quality.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect,
Its npk nutrient is balanced, and utilization rate of fertilizer is high, and has slow release effect, can effectively avoid growth of sweet potato nitrogenous fertilizer early stage surplus,
Later stage fertilizer effectiveness deficiency can improve yield of sweet potato and improve sweet potato quality to adverse effect caused by growth of sweet potato.
Technical scheme
A kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：28~38 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 18~
22 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 32~36 parts of potash fertilizer, 1~2 part of zinc fertilizer, 8-12 part bentonites；The nitrogenous fertilizer is oxamides.
Further, the phosphate fertilizer is the mixture of MAP, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or the two arbitrary proportion.
Further, the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.
Further, the zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate.
The special fertilizer is matched using slow-release nitrogen fertilizer with phosphorus potash fertilizer, and coordinates micro- zinc fertilizer.The special fertilizer for sweet potato
Total nutrient content is 36%~42%, and wherein nitrogen N effective content is 12%~14%, phosphorus P2O5Effective content for 8%~
10%th, potassium K2O effective content is 16%~18%.In the present invention, the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer used is oxamides, the purity nitrogen of oxamides
Amount accounts for the 75%~85% of whole special fertilizer nitrogen pool.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect：By nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, zinc fertilizer and bentonite
Crush, be uniformly mixed, then by being granulated, then dried at a temperature of 60-80 DEG C, produce special fertilizer for sweet potato.
In use, the special fertilizer for sweet potato of the present invention be used as base manure applied once when in use, every mu of amount of application for 40~
50kg。
The advantage of the invention is that：(1) apply simply, disposably applied as base manure, saving of work and time；(2) Fertilizer nutrient
Equilibrium, fertilizer amount and sweet potato demand are basically identical, it is ensured that the supply of growth of sweet potato phase nutrient；(3) phosphoric acid in special fertilizer
One ammonium or Diammonium phosphate (DAP) contain ammonium fertilizer, and the release of ammonium fertilizer is by promoting the effect of growth of sweet potato；(4) grass in special fertilizer
Acid amides has good sustained release performance, both may insure demand of the sweet potato early stage to nitrogen, and and can ensures sweet potato middle and later periods nitrogen
Lasting supply.Compared with habits fertilization, using the special fertilizer for sweet potato of the present invention when nutrient dosage is identical, sweet potato can be increased production
More than 28.36%, obvious effect of increasing production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the changes of contents figure of nitrified nitrogen in soil in the different times of growth of sweet potato；
Fig. 2 is soil ammonium-state changes of contents figure in the different times of growth of sweet potato.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
Special fertilizer for sweet potato raw material：33.8kg nitrogenous fertilizer, 20.4kg phosphate fertilizer, 34kg potash fertilizer, 1kg zinc fertilizers, 10.8kg bentonites；
The nitrogenous fertilizer is oxamides, and nitrogen N content is 31.8%, is provided by Jiangsu Dan Hua Group Co., Ltd；The phosphate fertilizer
For MAP, nitrogen N content is 11%, phosphorus P2O5Content is 44%, is provided by phosphate fertilizer plant of Nanjing Chemical Industrial group company；Institute
It is Russian potassium sulfate to state potash fertilizer, potassium K2O content is 50%, is provided by Jining of Shandong Province Kang Jiafei industry Co., Ltd；It is described
Zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate, and zinc Zn contents are 22%, are provided by Yangzhou Hao Feng zinc fertilizers factory.
Above-mentioned raw materials are crushed, are uniformly mixed, then by being granulated, then dries, produces at a temperature of 60-80 DEG C
Special fertilizer for sweet potato.
Analyze after tested, in the special fertilizer, nitrogen N effective content is 13%, phosphorus P2O5Effective content be 9%, potassium K2O
Effective content be 17%.
Comparative example 1
Urea, MAP, Russian potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate are pressed to 23.4kg, 20.4kg, 34kg, 1kg weight respectively
After proportioning, 21.2kg bentonites are added, well mixed that 100kg Common compound fertilizers are made, the Common compound fertilizer is sweet with embodiment 1
The pure n p k nutrition proportioning of potato special fertilizer is consistent.
Using test：
1st, the time is implemented：2015；Enforcement place：Test greenhouse in Jiangsu Province Agriculture Science Institute；Planting type：Potted plant-control
Root device is cultivated；Sweet potato variety：Soviet Union's potato 16 (edible-type)
Testing program：Experiment sets 3 groups, and every group of 12 basins repeat；Group (1)：Space management, do not apply fertilizer；Group (2)：Apply the present invention
Special fertilizer for sweet potato, provided by embodiment 1, amount of application is 20g/ basins；Group (3)：Using Common compound fertilizer, provided, applied by comparative example 1
Dosage is 20g/ basins.Per basin control root device dress 20kg soil, fertilizer fills basin after being mixed with soil, watering nature is impregnated with, the implantation growth per basin
1 plant essentially identical of sweet potato seedling of situation.Experimental result is shown in Table 1：
Table 1
From table 1, using the special fertilizer for sweet potato of the present invention, nitrogen accumulation amount is higher than Common compound fertilizer, and nitrogenous fertilizer profit
8.62% is improved than Common compound fertilizer with rate, yield increase by 30.23%.
2nd, the time is implemented：2015, enforcement place：Academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province six directions experiment centre, implement ground soil nutrient status：
Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 72.1mg/kg, available phosphorus 4.9mg/kg, available potassium 68mg/kg；Sweet potato variety：Soviet Union's potato 16 (edible-type).
In experiment, control group uses Common compound fertilizer (comparative example 1), and Common compound fertilizer input amount is 45kg/ mus；Experimental group
Using special fertilizer for sweet potato (embodiment 1), special fertilizer input is 45kg/ mus.Control group applies pure npk nutrient with experimental group and contained
Measure identical.
(1) control group and the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of experimental group and sweet potato volume increase situation are determined, is shown in Table 2：
From table 2, unit area Nitrogen Accumulation amount is set to increase by 66.91% using the special fertilizer for sweet potato of the present invention, nitrogenous fertilizer
Utilization rate improves 10.83%, specific yield increase by 28.38%.
(2) Nitrogen releasing situation in the different times soil of growth of sweet potato is determined, wherein, in the different times of growth of sweet potato
The changes of contents of nitrified nitrogen in soil is shown in Fig. 1, and soil ammonium-state changes of contents is shown in Fig. 2 in the different times of growth of sweet potato.
As seen from Figure 1, using Common compound fertilizer, content of soil nitrate-N is in notable downward trend over time,
And cause early stage content of soil nitrate-N very high, using the special fertilizer for sweet potato of the present invention, content of soil nitrate-N is constantly in
Plateau, slow release effect is preferable, and too high in growth of sweet potato nitrate nitrogen early stage so as to avoid, later stage nitrogen content is too low to sweet potato
Caused adverse effect.
From Figure 2 it can be seen that applying the sweet potato special slow release composite fertilizer of the present invention, its soil ammonium content is relatively applied common multiple
Hefei is high-order horizontal compared to being always maintained in sweet potato breeding time, and ammonium nitrogen plays the role of to promote growth of sweet potato, so as to favourable
In the increase of yield of sweet potato.
3rd, the time is implemented：2016；Enforcement place：Academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province Lishui experiment centre；Implement ground soil nutrient status：
Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 104.8mg/kg, available phosphorus 17.6mg/kg, available potassium 124mg/kg；Sweet potato variety：Xu's potato 27 (edible-type).
Special fertilizer for sweet potato, provided by embodiment 1；Common compound fertilizer, it is same as Example 2.
In experiment, control group uses Common compound fertilizer (comparative example 1), and Common compound fertilizer input amount is 50kg/ mus；Experimental group
Using special fertilizer for sweet potato (embodiment 1), special fertilizer input is 50kg/ mus.Control group and the pure npk nutrient content phase of experimental group
Together, nitrogen fertilizer use and sweet potato volume increase situation are shown in Table 3：
Table 3
From table 3, unit area Nitrogen Accumulation amount is set to increase by 38.15% using the special fertilizer for sweet potato of the present invention, nitrogenous fertilizer
Utilization rate improves 7.77%, specific yield increase by 15.14%.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for protection scope of the present invention not office
Be limited to this, any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the technique according to the invention
Scheme and its inventive concept are subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：28~38 parts
Nitrogenous fertilizer, 18~22 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 32~36 parts of potash fertilizer, 1~2 part of zinc fertilizer, 8-12 part bentonites；The nitrogenous fertilizer is oxamides.
2. there is the special fertilizer for sweet potato of slow release effect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the phosphate fertilizer is phosphoric acid one
The mixture of ammonium, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or the two arbitrary proportion.
3. there is the special fertilizer for sweet potato of slow release effect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.
4. the special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the zinc fertilizer is sulphur
Sour zinc.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711223039.XA CN107827523A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | A kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect |
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| CN201711223039.XA CN107827523A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | A kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato with slow release effect |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109180279A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of sugar-containing type special fertilizer for sweet potato and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180323 |