CN104725107A - Biologically stabilized fertilizer and method for producing same - Google Patents
Biologically stabilized fertilizer and method for producing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN104725107A CN104725107A CN201410424480.4A CN201410424480A CN104725107A CN 104725107 A CN104725107 A CN 104725107A CN 201410424480 A CN201410424480 A CN 201410424480A CN 104725107 A CN104725107 A CN 104725107A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- organic waste
- mixture
- waste materials
- biological stabilization
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a biologically stabilized fertilizer, comprising: organic waste; microbe inoculums; and inorganic compound. The present invention also provides a method for producing the biologically stabilized fertilizer, comprising the steps of: air drying the organic waste; decomposing the organic waste to form compound; inoculating the compound by the microbe inoculums; mixing the inoculated compound and the inorganic compound to form powder compound; crushing the powder compound and pelleting the crushed powder compound to form fertilizer pellets; and cooling the fertilizer pellets.
Description
Technical field
The present invention, about a kind of fertilizer, is more specifically about a kind of method of producing fertilizer from organic waste materials.
Background technology
Successful production plant, comprises crop, flowers, treelet sapling etc., relates to and optimizes fertile soil degree to produce and maturation.Also a rapid lapse of time is hoped to maintain fertile soil degree and structure.Since ancient times, used Animal manure as source of nutrition.The use of Animal manure also provides good soil cultivation (soil tilth) and structure.But its shortcoming is that Animal manure has relatively low nutritive value, comprise the non-stable form easily leaching plant nutrient, and if this muck is applied to raw material, soil must provide the nutrient of the microorganism participating in muck degradation process.This can cause the nutritive deficiency of planting in the soil of crop.
The soil district of adjacent plant root is called rhizosphere (rhizosphere).Rhizosphere lives in concentrated communities the many prokaryotic organism and the eukaryote that make its perpetuity according to raw or symbiosis usually; All necessary nutrients that nourishing plant is all provided.But the microorganism of rhizosphere is of all kinds and has many harmful organisms, i.e. pathogenic bacteria, also feed in rhizosphere with plant root effect.Oneself feed by it, in plant root, this kind of harmful organism and plant competition nutrient, thus cause plant to become malnutritive.In the situation of arable farming, this nutritional trouble causes a large amount of Crop damage.Compost is a kind of usual method for recycling organic waste materials.Composting process reduces the volume of organic materials and potential nutrients, especially nitrogen in stabilization compost.Compost reduces environmental pollution and usually significantly reduces the amount of the callable organic materials needing other treatment process, and it is normally poured onto landfill.In composting process, in organic materials, carbon containing and nitrogen compound are turned by continuous print microorganism group and are formed more stable compound, and it is similar Humic Substances chemically and biologically.
CN 1690020 A is about a kind of compound manure, especially can the organic and inorganic and biochemical fertilizer of composite reactive of regulating microelement.This compound manure is by more than in sylvite (potash) fertilizer of the phosphate solution of the nitrogen fertilizer solution of the organic substance of 4wt%, 15-40wt%, 10-20wt%, 7-15wt%, 4-8wt% and trace element and appropriate additive.Moderate-element comprises Ca, Mg and S; Trace element comprises Fe, Zn, Mo, Cl, B and Cu; And additive is sterilizing agent.This mixture can have Different Nutrition component and concentration and use to meet needed for plant-growth and also to can pass through other fertilizer of mixing.But, produce the fertilizer for pill or the particle form hope as time release capsule, nutrient can be made to flow out along with the time, but not as the liquid fertilizer in CN 1690020 A the nutrient that carries out be full of mode in plant.
WO 2001000011 A1 discloses a kind of method of producing Pure organic fertilizer pill.Organic raw material such as composite waste or the material that is considered to organic standard are collected and are converted into the biological stabilization mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the water with known quantity.This mixture goes through the particulate sieving to provide and be of a size of and have less than 150 microns further.Particulate be pressed and pelletized with reduce too early stripping and maximize plant nutrition stop with Promoting plant growth.
Another such as DE 102004017876 A1 discloses a kind of by mixing vinasse and organic and/or inoganic solids and the method preparing solid fertilizer by reunion subsequently.Solid fertilizer can the form of particle or pill be produced.Such as, but in the prior art that two are quoted, WO2001000011 A1 and DE 102004017876 A1, all lacks the existence of the favourable microorganism can assisting Nutrient cycling and control plant or crop pathogens in fertilizer.
Therefore, a kind of demand of combined organic matter, plant nutrient and injection method of microorganism that provides is had in prior art as seen to produce a kind of fertilizer without pathogenic bacteria of biological stabilization so that Promoting plant growth and crop yield.
Summary of the invention
Target of the present invention provides fertilizer pill by composite waste.
Target of the present invention also provides a kind of method of producing fertilizer pill, and it is by transforming the particulate group that this waste material is biological stabilization mixture.
Another target of the present invention provides the mixture of microorganism of a kind of blending organic substance, plant nutrient and injection, and makes it go through pelletized processing procedure to provide a kind of through pelletized biochemical fertilizer.
Therefore, these targets can be reached by following teaching of the present invention.
The present invention is about the biological stabilization fertilizer of one, and it comprises organic waste materials, microbial inoculant thing, wherein microbial inoculant thing comprises azotobacter vinelandii (Azotobacter vinelandii), azotobacter chroococcum (Azotobacter chroococcum), raw fat vinelandii (Azospirillumlipoferum), fluorescent pseudomonas (Pseudomonas fluorescens), love smelly pseudomonas (Pseudomonas putida), Bacillus subtilus (Bacillus subtilis), huge bacillus (Bacillusmegaterium), strong bacillus (Bacillus firmus), or its composition, and mineral compound.
Further, organic waste materials comprises cocoa shell, coffee grounds, pomace, potter's clay, palm-kernel extract, organic plant extract, empty fruit cluster, palm oil mill waste, rice bran, rice husk or its composition.
Further, the ratio of microbial inoculant thing is 1-20% (v/w).
Further, the content range of microbial inoculant thing is 1x10
2to 1x10
12cFU ml
-1.
Further, mineral compound comprises urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate phosphate), phosphorus ore salt (rock phosphate), Repone K (muriate of potash), potassium sulfate (sulphate of potash), borax (borax), magnesium oxide, kieserite (kieserite), rhombspar (dolomite), zeolite or its composition.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of producing biological stabilization fertilizer, it is characterized by the following step: dry organic waste materials; Decompose organic waste materials to form mixture; In this mixture microbe inoculation inoculum; In this mixture mixing mineral compound inoculated to form powdered mixture; Pulverize this powdered mixture and pelletized this through pulverize powdered mixture to form fertilizer pill; And cool this fertilizer pill.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of pelletized above-mentioned biological stabilization fertilizer, this organic waste materials with air flow scope for 10-25m
3min
-1and through aerobic decomposition in the solid state fermentation of speed of rotation 30-100rpm.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is presented in the chart illustrating and grow the experimental result of corn in concrete example of the present invention.
Embodiment
According to requiring, in disclosing detailed concrete example of the present invention herein; But should be appreciated that disclosed concrete example is only illustration of the present invention, it can embody in a variety of manners.Therefore, the ad hoc structure disclosed herein and the details of function are not interpreted as a kind of restriction, and only as the basis of request.Should be appreciated that again graphic and describe in detail intention be used for limiting the invention to disclosed particular form, on the contrary, as subsidiary claim define, the present invention includes all modifiers, equivalent and the alternative that fall into scope.As subject application in full use, " can " word is used for permissible meaning (that is, the potential meaning of tool), and unconstrained meaning (that is, mean must).Similarly, " comprise (include, including and includes) " word mean to comprise but do not limit.Again, " a kind of (a or an) " means " at least one ", and " a plurality of " one word mean one or more, unless otherwise.In time using abbreviation or technology, these represent as common received meaning known in this technical field.Refer now to Fig. 1 to describe the present invention.
The present invention is about the biological stabilization fertilizer of one, and it comprises:
Organic waste materials;
Microbial inoculant thing;
Wherein microbial inoculant thing comprises azotobacter vinelandii (Azotobacter vinelandii), azotobacter chroococcum (Azotobacter chroococcum), raw fat vinelandii (Azospirillumlipoferum), fluorescent pseudomonas (Pseudomonas fluorescens), love smelly pseudomonas (Pseudomonas putida), Bacillus subtilus (Bacillus subtilis), huge bacillus (Bacillusmegaterium), strong bacillus (Bacillus firmus), or its any combination thing,
And mineral compound.
In the preferred embodiment of this biological stabilization fertilizer, this organic waste materials comprises cocoa shell (cocoa shell), coffee grounds, pomace (decanter cake), potter's clay (bleaching earth), palm-kernel (palm kernel) extract, organic plant extract, empty fruit cluster (empty fruitbunch), palm oil mill waste (palm oil mill effluent), rice bran (rice bran), rice husk (rice husk) or its composition.
In a preferred embodiment of this biological stabilization fertilizer, this microbial inoculant thing is the ratio of 1-20% (v/w).
In a preferred embodiment of this biological stabilization fertilizer, this microbial inoculant thing is 1x10
2to 1x10
12cFU ml
-1scope.
In a preferred embodiment of this biological stabilization fertilizer, mineral compound comprises urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate phosphate), phosphorus ore salt (rock phosphate), Repone K (muriate of potash), potassium sulfate (sulphate ofpotash), borax (borax), magnesium oxide, kieserite (kieserite), rhombspar (dolomite), zeolite or its composition.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of producing biological stabilization fertilizer, and it comprises the following step:
Air-dry organic waste materials;
Decompose organic waste materials to form mixture;
This mixture is inoculated with microbial inoculant thing;
Mix this through inoculation mixture and mineral compound to form powdered mixture;
Crush this powdered mixture and pelletized this through crush powdered mixture to form fertilizer pill; And
Cool this fertilizer pill.
In a preferred embodiment of the method for pelletized biological stabilization fertilizer, organic waste materials in solid state fermentation with air flow 10-25m
3min
-1scope and the rotating speed of 30-100rpm by aerobic decomposition.
Be below the example of biological stabilization fertilizer pill and the method for producing it, advantage of the present invention can more easily be understood thus.Should be appreciated that following Examples only in order to illustrate, should not be interpreted as by any way limiting the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of biological stabilization fertilizer, it comprises organic waste materials, microbial inoculant thing and chemical compound.This biological stabilization fertilizer is preferably the form of pill, particle, lozenge or powder.
In a preferred embodiment, provide organic waste materials and air-dry under Zhou Wen.This organic waste materials is preferably the organic waste materials derived from plant, comprises cocoa shell, coffee grounds, pomace, potter's clay, palm-kernel extract, organic plant extract, empty fruit cluster, palm oil mill waste, rice bran, rice husk or its composition.Then the vibration screen of 3-10 sieve mesh is used to be sieved by this organic waste materials.
In a preferred embodiment, this organic waste materials according to following concentration subsequently with other organic waste materials pre-mixings.Such as, the mixture of organic waste materials comprises the cocoa shell of demonstration concentration 0-95% (w/w), the coffee grounds of demonstration concentration 0-95% (w/w), the pomace of demonstration concentration 0-99.5% (w/w), the potter's clay of demonstration concentration 0-50% (w/w), the palm-kernel extract of demonstration concentration 0-95% (w/w), the organic plant extract of demonstration concentration 0-95% (w/w), the empty fruit cluster of demonstration concentration 0-75% (w/w), the palm oil mill waste of demonstration concentration 0-95% (w/w), the rice bran of demonstration concentration 0-95% (w/w), the rice husk of demonstration concentration 0-95% (w/w).In a preferred embodiment, under Zhou Wen, then cultivate this organic waste materials 1 to 4 week.
Then this organic waste materials is transferred to solid state fermentation district.Make this organic waste materials decompose in solid state fermentation 7 to 45 days stable without pathogenic bacteria mixture to be formed.This solid state fermentation district building drum blower fan (blower) and rotary-top device.Preferably, 9 to 40 gas blowers are uniformly distributed whole solid state fermentation district.The air flow of dissolution process is preferably 10-25m
3min
-1scope.Organic waste materials in solid state fermentation district uses rotary-top device fully to be mixed continuously with the speed of rotation of 30-100rpm.
In a preferred embodiment, this solid state fermentation district comprises 8 to 15 fermentation lines.In a fermentation line, this rotary-top device is about spent one hour and is completed this mixing, then moves to next fermentation line.Completing of this decomposition course is indicated by the temperature of mixture.The mixture of the better temperature lower than 40 DEG C is moved out of from solid state fermentation district and for microbial inoculant processing procedure.Collect this mixture and microbe inoculation inoculum, better inoculation ratio is 1-20% (v/w).This mixture is as carrier and the source of nutrition for microbial inoculant thing.In addition, this mixture is also used for promoting that water and nutrient stay in soil.
In a preferred embodiment, use antomobile sprayer that this microbial inoculant thing is sprayed so far mixture.This microbial inoculant thing comprises azotobacter vinelandii (Azotobacter vinelandii), azotobacter chroococcum (Azotobacter chroococcum), raw fat vinelandii (Azospirillumlipoferum), fluorescent pseudomonas (Pseudomonas fluorescens), love smelly pseudomonas (Pseudomonas putida), Bacillus subtilus (Bacillus subtilis), huge bacillus (Bacillusmegaterium), strong bacillus (Bacillus firmus), or its composition.The each strain of microbial inoculant thing has 1x10
2to 1x10
12cFU ml
-1amount.Table 1 shows the colony-forming unit (colony-forming unit, CFU) of each strain of microbial inoculant thing and it is as the illustrative concrete example of the present invention.
Table 1: the colony-forming unit (CFU) of each strain of microbial inoculant thing mixture and function thereof
Then use screw mixer that this mixture through inoculation is mixed to form powdered mixture with mineral compound.This mineral compound comprises urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid ammonium nitrate, phosphorus ore salt, Repone K, potassium sulfate, borax, magnesium oxide, kieserite, rhombspar, zeolite or its composition.The mineral compound of table 2 presentation illustrative concrete example of the present invention and function thereof.
Table 2: the concentration of mineral compound and function thereof
With the speed of 1-10rpm, use hammering shredder (hammer mill) to crush this powdered mixture, make the vibration of apparatus 3-10 mesh or rotary screen sieve subsequently.Then this powdered mixture is carried out pelletized processing procedure to form fertilizer pill.In a preferred embodiment, make the ring die pelleter in multiple holes of apparatus diameter 0.5mm to 10mm scope, better with the speed of 1.5 to 10 tonnes per hour by pelletized for this powdered mixture through sieving.Then in the cooling room of 4 DEG C to 15 DEG C, before packaging, the fertilizer pill of generation is cooled to outlet temperature 30 DEG C to 40 DEG C.In a preferred embodiment, this fertilizer pill is preferably length 5mm to 20mm, and diameter 2mm to 7.5mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the biological stabilization fertilizer of generation is allocated as the nitrogen of different ratio, phosphorus and potassium oxide (NPK) and adds the microbial inoculant thing of different concns with Promoting plant growth.Table 3 presentation is used for growing the experimental design of corn.
Table 3: be used for growing the experimental design of corn
With reference to table 3, provide 5 treatment zones, i.e. A, B, C, D, E and F in this experiment.Each district provides corn crop.A district as a control group and do not bestow process to corn; And B district is with the commercially available NPK soil fertility quality of preferred ratio listed by table 3.E district is only with Urea treatment.Biological stabilization fertilizer of the present invention is by the corn tested in C, D and F district.In a preferred embodiment, biological stabilization fertilizer is allocated as preferably NPK ratio 5:5:5,11:11:11 and 8:8:20.In D and F district, the biological stabilization fertilizer being used for processing corn is allocated as the microbial inoculant thing of the tool height fixed nitrogen with excess concentrations, such as azotobacter vinelandii (Azotobacter vinelandii) and azotobacter chroococcum (Azotobacter chroococcum).
In a preferred embodiment, process each district and there is 5 process be applied to corn.Process in each district is used as processing continuously corn to process the predetermined interval used table 3 Suo Shi.
Table 4: the constituent of the biological stabilization fertilizer allocated for 5:5:5,11:11:11 and 8:8:20 with NPK ratio respectively
The illustration constituent of the biological stabilization fertilizer of table 4 presentation, it is allocated with better NPK ratio 5:5:5,11:11:11 and 12:12:17 respectively.Contained by this biological stabilization fertilizer, microbial inoculant thing comprises azotobacter vinelandii (Azotobacter vinelandii), azotobacter chroococcum (Azotobacterchroococcum), raw fat vinelandii (Azospirillum lipoferum), fluorescent pseudomonas (Pseudomonas fluorescens), love smelly pseudomonas (Pseudomonas putida), Bacillus subtilus (Bacillus subtilis), huge bacillus (Bacillus megaterium), and strong bacillus (Bacillus firmus).
Experimental result
With reference to Fig. 1, D district process output 8775.1kg ha respectively
-1and 21776.71kg ha
-1the highest Grain Yield and biomass yield, process compared to A, B and E district.Conclusion, the processes and displays biomass and the capsomere output that are incorporated to biological stabilization fertilizer of the present invention (C, D and F with reference to table 3) increase, compared to the process in A, B and E district.
Although the present invention is described with reference to specific embodiments, the skill personage in the technology field is obviously known, as described in this description and the definition of following claims scope, can carry out many changes and modification in category of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a biological stabilization fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprise:
Organic waste materials;
Microbial inoculant thing, wherein this microbial inoculant thing comprises azotobacter vinelandii, azotobacter chroococcum, raw fat vinelandii, fluorescent pseudomonas, the smelly pseudomonas of love, Bacillus subtilus, huge bacillus, strong bacillus or its composition;
Mineral compound.
2. biological stabilization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: organic waste materials comprises cocoa shell, coffee grounds, pomace, potter's clay, palm-kernel extract, organic plant extract, empty fruit cluster, palm oil mill waste, rice bran, rice husk or its composition.
3. biological stabilization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the ratio of microbial inoculant thing is 1-20% (v/w).
4. biological stabilization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the content range of microbial inoculant thing is 1x10
2to 1x10
12cFU ml
-1.
5. biological stabilization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: mineral compound comprises urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid ammonium nitrate, phosphorus ore salt, Repone K, potassium sulfate, borax, magnesium oxide, kieserite, rhombspar, zeolite or its composition.
6. produce a method for biological stabilization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following step:
Air-dry organic waste materials;
Decompose organic waste materials to form mixture;
This mixture is inoculated with microbial inoculant thing;
Mix this through inoculation mixture and mineral compound to form powdered mixture;
Crush this powdered mixture and pill this through crush powdered mixture to form fertilizer pill;
Cool this fertilizer pill.
7. a method for pelletized biological stabilization fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: this organic waste materials with air flow scope for 10-25m
3min
-1and through aerobic decomposition in the solid state fermentation of speed of rotation 30-100rpm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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MYPI2013702554 | 2013-12-24 | ||
MYPI2013702554 | 2013-12-24 |
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CN104725107A true CN104725107A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1074203A (en) * | 1993-01-03 | 1993-07-14 | 郑国华 | Compound organic fertilizer containing multiple bacterial spawns and method for making thereof |
CN1156712A (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1997-08-13 | 清华大学 | Bio-fertilizer and its producing process |
CN101774860A (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2010-07-14 | 范鸿基 | Biological nitrogen fixation organic fertilizer for phosphorus and potassium dissolution and preparation of special bacteria |
-
2014
- 2014-08-26 CN CN201410424480.4A patent/CN104725107A/en active Pending
- 2014-08-29 TW TW103129986A patent/TWI538897B/en active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1074203A (en) * | 1993-01-03 | 1993-07-14 | 郑国华 | Compound organic fertilizer containing multiple bacterial spawns and method for making thereof |
CN1156712A (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1997-08-13 | 清华大学 | Bio-fertilizer and its producing process |
CN101774860A (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2010-07-14 | 范鸿基 | Biological nitrogen fixation organic fertilizer for phosphorus and potassium dissolution and preparation of special bacteria |
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Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TWI538897B (en) | 2016-06-21 |
TW201524939A (en) | 2015-07-01 |
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