CN101429066B - Method for producing fertilizer with papermaking sewage sludge - Google Patents
Method for producing fertilizer with papermaking sewage sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN101429066B CN101429066B CN2008101594251A CN200810159425A CN101429066B CN 101429066 B CN101429066 B CN 101429066B CN 2008101594251 A CN2008101594251 A CN 2008101594251A CN 200810159425 A CN200810159425 A CN 200810159425A CN 101429066 B CN101429066 B CN 101429066B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing organic fertilizer from paper-making sludge. The materials such as paper-making sludge, amendment are mixed, subjected to high-temperature aerobic fermentation, post maturation and crushing, screened, and mixed with fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like and medium and micro elements to prepare the organic fertilizer. The method has the advantages of simple process, easy operation, obvious innocuous effect, no environmental pollution and little nutrient loss; and the organic fertilizer prepared by the method is widely applied to industrial crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, Chinese herbal medicines, flowers and field crops such as wheat, corn, paddy rice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing industrial waste to prepare fertilizer, especially relate to a kind of method of utilizing paper mill sludge to prepare fertilizer.
Background technology
Traditional in the world paper mill sludge treatment and disposal method mainly contains Ocean dumping, burning, landfill, soil utilization etc.Relatively seeing the following form of various treatment processs:
| Disposal options | Advantage | Shortcoming |
| Throw the sea | With low cost | Secondary pollution destroys marine ecology balance (being forbidden by International Law of the Sea) |
| Burn | The innoxious thorough reduction heat recovery and utilization of pathogenic microbe killing | Cost of investment working cost high exhaust gas causes secondary pollution waste nutritive element |
| Landfill | Help to recover impaired landforms and keep ecotope | Floor space greatly, is easily blasted and is caused soil, underground water and atmospheric pollution landfill technical requirements height, expense height |
| The soil utilizes | Restore vegetation, land restoration material, energy recycling improve soil nutrient content | Heavy metal, viral pathogen, parasite influence environmental and public health and pollute surrounding environment and underground water |
In above method for sludge treatment, along with ocean dumping is under an embargo, the ratio that mud is thrown aside reduces just gradually, and landfill also is subjected to more and more stricter restriction simultaneously, because landfill need take a large amount of soils, expends considerable landfill expense and can not effect a radical cure pollution.In addition, because the burning expense is higher, and can cause secondary pollution.Having become main developing direction as the utilization of resources after sludge reduction, stabilization, the harmless treatment, is more satisfactory treatment and disposal method with soil utilization after the paper mill sludge composting.
Because the paper mill sludge water content is up to 75%～80%, the organic content height, is not easy to transportation and uses at perishable, foul smelling, must carry out stabilization, harmless treatment to mud.Make full use of the organic matter in the microbiological deterioration mud in the mud, further reduce sludge moisture content, kill bacterium in the mud, pathogenic agent etc., eliminate stink, make the various compositions in the mud be in metastable state; While killing pathogenic bacteria, weed seed, deodorizing, dehydration and stabilization.Loose through the mud quality after the composting stabilization treatment, cation exchange capacity (CEC) significantly increases, and unit weight reduces, and can be increased by the nutritive ingredient of plant utilization.
At present, make the patent documentation of organic fertilizer aspect and report a lot about utilizing municipal sludge, although these technology all have different characteristics separately, but problem that has following several respects in various degree all: the one, all at municipal sludge, and the rational index of paper mill sludge and municipal sludge has very big difference; The 2nd, for killing pathogeny microorganism and parasite (ovum), the pH value is transferred to is equal to or greater than 12, under alkaline condition, cause the volatilization loss of ammonia easily, produce stench, contaminate environment.The 3rd, though under the strong basicity environment, can effectively kill pathogeny microorganism and parasite (ovum), but also influence the quick breeding of compost microbe simultaneously, thereby cause humify speed slow, the compost cycle is long, processing efficiency is low, and causes composting production to be than strong basicity.The 4th, only simply bank up, sieve, do not carry out subsequent disposal as the prescription granulation so that use and nutrient science more comprehensively.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention has provided a kind of method that can use paper mill sludge manufacturing fertilizer easily.
The method of utilizing paper mill sludge to prepare fertilizer of the present invention comprises the steps:
A) fermentation is because the mass water content of paper mill sludge reaches 75%～80%, the mixed of 1.5～2.5:1 is even by volume with paper mill sludge and amendment in employing, preparation water ratio 50～60%, carbon nitrogen mass ratio (C/N) 25～35:1, the mixing sludge of quality of organic matter content 50～60%, spray the decomposition agent secondary fermentation by relative mixing sludge quality 0.8～1.2% then, fermentation utilizes the computer control forced ventilation controlled temperature aerobic fermentation mode that reaches a high temperature, by A.T.C and automatic control aeration equipment, cultivate the high-temperature aerobic microorganism, so that papermaking waste becomes thoroughly decomposed in a short time, dehydration, deodorizing reaches innoxious.Wherein be warming up to 60～65 ℃ in 1.5～2.5 days, keep this temperature after 5～7 days, begin cooling, temperature was reduced to 35～45 ℃ in 1.5～2.5 days; Amendment can adopt one or more in papermaking dedusting, bark or the crop material; Decomposition agent is that pyroligneous liquor or yeast waste liquor or pyroligneous liquor and yeast waste liquor are used together.Fermentation can be adopted in fermentation vat and carry out, and mixing sludge heap body is piled high 2m, between yeast phase by computer control forced ventilation controlled temperature.
B) after-ripening is piled the body after-ripening with above-mentioned material, between latter stage of ripening the bank body is carried out turning so that the fermentation of bank body is thorough, and secondary fermentation in 4～6 days finishes, and generates fermentation materials moisture mass content 35～40%, quality of organic matter content 45～50%; Paper mill sludge, papermaking dedusting, bark, crop material generate organic matter and humic acid that crop growth needs after art breading such as fermentation maturity like this; After-ripening is adopted and to be carried out in the after-ripening groove, and material is packed in the after-ripening groove, piles high 1.2m, between latter stage of ripening the bank body is carried out turning and adopts from turning every day next day of bank body once, so that the fermentation of heap body thoroughly, further reduces moisture.
The fermentation materials that c) pulverize, screening will ferment after the after-ripening is pulverized and is sieved, acquisition powdery fermentation materials composting; Be used for composting as adopting powdery fermentation materials smaller or equal to 2mm to enter composting equipment, be back to the bank body greater than the fermentation materials such as wood chip that do not decompose fully of 2mm, sieving garbage is individual curing then.
D) batch mixing adds weathered coal, urea, monoammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar in the powdery fermentation materials, by urea for nitrogen (N) is provided; Monoammonium phosphate is for providing nitrogen and phosphorus (P
2O
5); Vitriolate of tartar provides potassium (K
2O); Add-on is in mass parts, employing is with water ratio 35% powdery fermentation materials: water ratio 35% weathered coal: urea: monoammonium phosphate: vitriolate of tartar is 60～90:15～35:0.5～1.5:1～3:0.5～1.5, mix, make mass content through super-dry afterwards and be respectively N+P
2O
5+ K
2O 〉=4%, organic 〉=35%, humic acid 〉=10%, moisture≤20%, and the organic fertilizer of PH7-7.5.Monoammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar all can adopt agricultural monoammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar.
Also can add ferrous sulfate, sal epsom, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate and borax during batch mixing, trace element in magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, the boron etc. is provided, add-on is in mass parts, and adopting with water ratio 35% is the powdery fermentation materials: ferrous sulfate: sal epsom: zinc sulfate: manganous sulfate: borax is 300～360:2～4:5～9:1～3:1～3:0.5～1.5.
Can adopt to enter rotary drum granulator behind the batch mixing and make fertiliser granulates, afterwards again behind roller dryer, cylinder cooler, trommel screen extension set, make more than or equal to 2mm, smaller or equal to the round granular fertilizer of 4.5mm.Roller dryer adopts is made of 180 ℃ of import furnace temperature hotblast stove, induced draft fan, cylinder.
This product is main raw material with the paper mill sludge, utilization by automatic temp control and automatic aeration equipment, is cultivated heap height temperature aerobic microbiological by forced ventilation high-temperature aerobic fermentation principle, make that papermaking waste becomes thoroughly decomposed in a short time, dehydration, deodorizing, reach innoxious, resource utilization requirement.Production process according to the nutritional needs characteristics of different soils characteristic, crop and cultivation technique requirement etc. add humic acid, various in trace element, produce the organic fertilizer product of suitable different soils, crop demand.The index of organic fertilizer can be respectively N+P by mass content
2O
5+ K
2O 〉=4%, organic 〉=35%, humic acid 〉=10%, moisture≤20%, and PH7-7.5, but and need the adjusting of actual production and crop to index, as adopt 4%≤N+P
2O
5+ K
2O≤8%, 35%≤organic matter≤45%, 10%≤humic acid≤15%, 10%≤moisture≤20%, PH:7-7.5.
And the organic fertilizer heavy metal content that adopts the present invention to produce is lower than " pollutent control criterion in the agricultural mud " (GB4284-84), heavy metal content and GB4284-84 standard to such as
| Heavy metal | Cu (mg/kg) | Zn (mg/kg) | As (mg/kg) | Cd (mg/kg) | Cr (mg/kg) | Pb (mg/kg) | Hg (mg/kg) |
| The inventive method is produced fertilizer | 22.6 | 94.0 | ?4 | ?2 | 43 | 13 | ?0 |
| Mud agricultural standards (GB4284-84) | 1500 | 1000 | 75 | 20 | 1000 | 1000 | 15 |
Adopt the present invention to handle paper mill sludge, realize the comprehensive utilization of mud, turn waste into wealth, solve the sludge treatment problem of puzzlement paper industry, avoid environmental pollution.This technological system, matching capacity are good, have also that investment is little, energy consumption is low, running cost is low, floor space is moderate, operation and maintenance is easy.
The product that adopts the present invention to produce contains necessary various nutrient elements of plant growth and active substance, not only fertilizer efficiency is lasting, and can strengthen soil water-retaining, guarantor's fertilizer and ventilation capacity, improve ecological environment of soil, improve the surge capability of soil, thereby strengthen the resistance of crop soda acid and salinity.This product of long-term application also can strengthen drought-resistant, the freeze proof evil of crop, resistant to lodging, anti-continuous cropping ability, reduces disease and pest and takes place, and can make the fruits and vegetables color vivid, and fruit shape is straight, and mouthfeel is good, and commodity is good, and effect is remarkable improving aspect the crop quality.This product can be widely used in field crops such as cash crop such as vegetables, fruit tree, herbal medicine, flowers and wheat, corn, paddy rice.
Adopt the present invention to produce fertilizer, the innovation of composting process can be in pH value 6～8.5, and During High-Temperature Composting (60～65 ℃) continues 5～7 days, can effectively kill pathogenic bacteria and parasite (ovum) in the mud, realizes the innoxious of compost.Owing at low pH value situation bottom fermentation, significantly reduced ammonia volatilization, nutrient loss is few simultaneously, and fertilizer finished product nutrient content height is effective.
The present invention adopts the static storehouse forced-air blast ventilating fermentation of computer controlled automatic, and fermentation period is short, and floor space is few, and moisture loss is fast, the level of automation height; Adopted the after-ripening art breading, made fermentation evenly, fully.
Additive among the present invention makes full use of paper mill waste papermaking dedusting and bark, has both handled paper mill sludge, has handled papermaking dedusting the like waste simultaneously.Other additive sources are wide, cheap high-quality, batching science, reasonable, and composting process is simple and easy to do, and innoxious effect is remarkable, and nutrient loss is few, is suitable for the manufacture method of paper mill sludge fertilizer.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.
Accompanying drawing is that the present invention utilizes paper mill sludge to prepare the method Production Flow Chart synoptic diagram of fertilizer;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Embodiment one
As shown in drawings, this utilizes paper mill sludge to prepare the method for fertilizer, comprises the steps and processing condition:
A) fermentation is that the mixed of 2:1 is even by volume for 80% paper mill sludge and papermaking dedusting with water ratio, the mixing sludge of preparation water ratio 60%, carbon nitrogen mass ratio 35:1, quality of organic matter content 60%, spray the fermenting tank for fermentation of packing into after the decomposition agent yeast waste liquor in the ratio of relative mixing sludge quality 1%, fermentation vat is piled high 2m, by computer control system control ventilation and ventilation frequency, reach 60～65 ℃ in 2 days, and kept Ben Wendu 6 days, begin cooling, temperature is reduced to 40 ℃ after 2 days;
B) after-ripening is packed above-mentioned material in the after-ripening pond into, and the heap body is piled high 1.2m and carried out after-ripening, from turning every day next day once, make the fermentation of heap body thoroughly, further reduce moisture, secondary fermentation in 5 days finishes, generate fermentation materials moisture mass content 40%, quality of organic matter content 50%;
The fermentation materials that c) pulverize, screening will ferment after the after-ripening is pulverized and is sieved, and will enter composting equipment smaller or equal to the powdery fermentation materials of 2mm, greater than the fermentation materials of 2mm as not fully the wood chip of decomposition be back to the heap body, individual curing behind the sieving garbage;
D) batch mixing adds weathered coal in the powdery fermentation materials; urea; monoammonium phosphate; vitriolate of tartar; ferrous sulfate; sal epsom; zinc sulfate; manganous sulfate; borax; add-on is respectively: powdery fermented product (water ratio 35%) 750kg; weathered coal (water ratio 35%) 250kg; urea 10kg; monoammonium phosphate 20kg; vitriolate of tartar 10kg; ferrous sulfate 6kg; sal epsom 14kg; zinc sulfate 4kg; manganous sulfate 4kg; borax 2kg mixes; enter rotary drum granulator and make fertiliser granulates; drying; cooling; after the screening; make the round granular fertilizer less than 4.5mm, organic fertilizer index N+P greater than 2mm
2O
5+ K
2O 〉=4%, organic 〉=35%, humic acid 〉=10%, moisture≤20%, PH7-7.5.
Embodiment two
As shown in drawings, this utilizes paper mill sludge to prepare the method for fertilizer, comprises the steps and processing condition:
A) fermentation is even with the mixed of bark and crop material mixture (bark mixes by mass ratio 1:1 with crop material) volume ratio 2.5:1 with paper mill sludge, the mixing sludge of preparation water ratio 55%, carbon nitrogen mass ratio 25:1, quality of organic matter content 50%, spray the fermenting tank for fermentation of packing into behind the decomposition agent pyroligneous liquor in the ratio of relative mixing sludge quality 0.8%, fermentation vat is piled high 2m, by computer control system control ventilation and ventilation frequency, reach 60 ℃ in 2 days, and kept Ben Wendu 7 days, begin cooling, temperature is reduced to 35 ℃ after 2 days;
B) after-ripening is packed above-mentioned material in the after-ripening pond into, and the heap body is piled high 1.2m and carried out after-ripening, from turning every day next day once, make the fermentation of heap body thoroughly, further reduce moisture, secondary fermentation in 6 days finishes, generate fermentation materials moisture mass content 40%, quality of organic matter content 45%;
The fermentation materials that c) pulverize, screening will ferment after the after-ripening is pulverized and is sieved, and will enter composting equipment less than the powdery fermentation materials of 2mm, greater than the fermentation materials of 2mm as not fully the wood chip of decomposition be back to the heap body, individual curing behind the sieving garbage;
D) batch mixing adds weathered coal in the powdery fermentation materials; urea; monoammonium phosphate; vitriolate of tartar; ferrous sulfate; sal epsom; zinc sulfate; manganous sulfate; borax; add-on is counted by mass parts: 300 parts of powdery fermented products (water ratio 35%); 75 parts of weathered coals (water ratio 35%); 2.5 parts in urea; 5 parts of monoammonium phosphates; 2.5 parts of vitriolate of tartar; 2 parts in ferrous sulfate; 5 parts in sal epsom; 1 part in zinc sulfate; 1 part of manganous sulfate; borax mixes for 0.5 part; enter rotary drum granulator and make fertiliser granulates; drying; cooling; after the screening; make the round granular fertilizer of 2mm, organic fertilizer index N+P
2O
5+ K
2O 〉=5%, organic 〉=38%, humic acid 〉=10%, moisture≤18%, PH7-7.5.
Embodiment three
As shown in drawings, this utilizes paper mill sludge to prepare the method for fertilizer, comprises the steps and processing condition:
A) mixed of 1.5:1 is even by volume with paper mill sludge and papermaking dedusting and bark mixture (the papermaking dedusting mixes by mass ratio 0.5:1 with bark) in fermentation, preparation water ratio 50～55%, carbon nitrogen mass ratio 30:1, the mixing sludge of quality of organic matter content 55%, spray the fermenting tank for fermentation of packing into after the decomposition agent yeast waste liquor in the ratio of relative mixing sludge quality 1.2%, fermentation vat is piled high 2m, by computer control system control ventilation and ventilation frequency, 1.5 reach 65 ℃ in it, and kept Ben Wendu 5 days, begin cooling, temperature is reduced to 45 ℃ after 2.5 days;
B) after-ripening is packed above-mentioned material in the after-ripening pond into, and the heap body is piled high 1.2m and carried out after-ripening, and keeps turning, makes the fermentation of heap body thoroughly, further reduces moisture, and secondary fermentation in 4 days finishes, and generates fermentation materials moisture mass content 35%, quality of organic matter content 50%;
The fermentation materials that c) pulverize, screening will ferment after the after-ripening is pulverized and is sieved, and will enter composting equipment less than the powdery fermentation materials of 2mm, greater than the fermentation materials of 2mm as not fully the wood chip of decomposition be back to the heap body, individual curing behind the sieving garbage;
D) batch mixing adds weathered coal in the powdery fermentation materials; urea; monoammonium phosphate; vitriolate of tartar; ferrous sulfate; sal epsom; zinc sulfate; manganous sulfate; borax; add-on is counted by mass parts: 360 parts of powdery fermented products (water ratio 35%); 140 parts of weathered coals (water ratio 35%); 6 parts in urea; 12 parts of monoammonium phosphates; 6 parts of vitriolate of tartar; 4 parts in ferrous sulfate; 9 parts in sal epsom; 3 parts in zinc sulfate; 3 parts of manganous sulfates; borax mixes for 1.5 parts; enter rotary drum granulator and make fertiliser granulates; drying; cooling; after the screening; make the round granular fertilizer of 2mm, organic fertilizer index N+P
2O
5+ K
2O 〉=5%, organic 〉=35%, humic acid 〉=12%, moisture≤20%, PH7-7.5.
Claims (7)
1. utilize paper mill sludge to prepare the method for fertilizer, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A) fermentation, 1.5～2.5: 1 mixed is even by volume with paper mill sludge and amendment, preparation water ratio 50～60%, carbon/nitrogen mass ratio 25～35: 1, the mixing sludge of quality of organic matter content 50～60%, spray the decomposition agent secondary fermentation by relative mixing sludge quality 0.8～1.2%, 1.5 be warming up to 60～65 ℃ in～2.5 days, keep this temperature after 5～7 days, begin cooling, temperature was reduced to 35～45 ℃ in 1.5～2.5 days;
B) after-ripening is piled the body after-ripening with above-mentioned material, between latter stage of ripening the bank body is carried out turning so that the fermentation of bank body is thorough, and secondary fermentation in 4～6 days finishes, and generates fermentation materials moisture mass content 35～40%, quality of organic matter content 45～50%;
C) pulverize, sieve, the fermentation materials after the fermentation after-ripening is pulverized and sieved, obtain the powdery fermentation materials;
D) batch mixing, in the powdery fermentation materials, add weathered coal, urea, monoammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar, add-on is in mass parts, employing is with water ratio 35% powdery fermentation materials: water ratio 35% weathered coal: urea: monoammonium phosphate: vitriolate of tartar is 60～90: 15～35: 0.5～1.5: 1～3: 0.5～1.5, mix, make mass content through super-dry afterwards and be respectively N+P
2O
5+ K
2O 〉=4%, organic 〉=35%, humic acid 〉=10%, moisture≤20%, and the organic fertilizer of PH7-7.5;
Wherein, described amendment is one or more in bark or the crop material.
2. the method for utilizing paper mill sludge to prepare fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that when batch mixing, also adding ferrous sulfate, sal epsom, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate and borax, add-on is in mass parts, and adopt with water ratio 35% powdery fermentation materials: ferrous sulfate: sal epsom: zinc sulfate: manganous sulfate: borax is 300～360: 2～4: 5～9: 1～3: 1～3: 0.5～1.5.
3. the method for utilizing paper mill sludge to prepare fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described decomposition agent is pyroligneous liquor or yeast waste liquor or pyroligneous liquor and yeast waste liquor.
4. the method for utilizing paper mill sludge to prepare fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: between latter stage of ripening the bank body is carried out turning and adopt from turning every day next day of bank body once, so that the fermentation of heap body thoroughly.
5. the method for utilizing paper mill sludge to prepare fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: fermentation is adopted and to be carried out at fermentation vat, piles high 2m, between yeast phase by the air blast controlled temperature.
6. the method for utilizing paper mill sludge to prepare fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the fermentation materials of fermentation after the after-ripening pulverized, screening, is used for composting smaller or equal to the powdery fermentation materials of 2mm, is back to the bank body greater than the fermentation materials of 2mm.
7. as each described method of utilizing paper mill sludge to prepare fertilizer in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: organic fertilizer is made more than or equal to 2mm smaller or equal to the round granular fertilizer of 4.5mm.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101594251A CN101429066B (en) | 2008-11-22 | 2008-11-22 | Method for producing fertilizer with papermaking sewage sludge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1594225A (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2005-03-16 | 李成义 | Series special fertilizer prepared by urban sludge and its preparation method |
| CN1817819A (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2006-08-16 | 汪敬恒 | Production of organic fertilizer from corrosive organic wastes by non-fermented treatment |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1594225A (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2005-03-16 | 李成义 | Series special fertilizer prepared by urban sludge and its preparation method |
| CN1817819A (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2006-08-16 | 汪敬恒 | Production of organic fertilizer from corrosive organic wastes by non-fermented treatment |
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