CN103626595B - A kind of Fruit tree organic fertilizer and production technique thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of Fruit tree organic fertilizer and production technique thereof; Described production technique is, get maize straw, Wheat Straw, soybean stalk and sesame crushed stalk stalk particle according to mass ratio 4:2:1:1, the water added and pretreatment with agueous Ammonia obtain mixture A; Get cow dung, sheep excrement and pig manure, first ultraviolet, then ozonize respectively, is then mixed to get mixture B; Cottonseed cake after being pulverized, pulverize after rye grass and water mixture in, the aspergillus niger added and yeast ferment, and obtain mixture C; Gained mixture A, B, C and Sodium salts humic acids are mixed, adds EM bacterium and carry out fermentation and obtain mixture D; In gained mixture D, add oyster shell whiting, plant ash and wood charcoal powder, then carry out ozone sterilization, drying, packing, ultraviolet-sterilization, namely obtain rhizome vegetable fertilizer; The Fruit tree organic fertilizer produced, containing the various nutritive ingredients required for fruit tree growth, can nurse one's health soil, activation Soil Microorganism enlivens rate, overcomes soil compaction, increases soil air permeability.

Description

A kind of Fruit tree organic fertilizer and production technique thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer, specifically a kind of Fruit tree organic fertilizer and production technique thereof.

Background technology

Along with China's reform and opening to the outside world and economic development, China's livestock industry obtains fast development, greatly improves and has enriched civic " vegetable basket ", improve the standard of living of the people.Animal fecal pollution waste water without any process flows directly into river, lake, causes a large amount of N and P losses, causes water pollution and eutrophication, destroys natural ecological environment; And the solid waste such as ight soil are arbitrarily stacked, not only occupy a large amount of soils, and in stacking, also can produce a large amount of repugnant substances and nitrate and atmosphere pollution and underground water, the rainy day, then because sewage overflows, often causes that neighbouring resident's is greatly discontented.Feces of livestock and poultry is different from other industrial pollutants, wherein containing the abundant source of manure.Feces of livestock and poultry except containing except abundant organic substance, also containing the macronutrient needed for farm crop as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc., after being administered to farmland, for increasing soil fertility, improving Soil structure, strengthening soil continuous production ability and there is important effect.But, in fresh cow dung, sheep excrement and pig manure, the organic pollutant of the readily biodegradable also containing a large amount of non-complete digestion, directly use and will cause secondary pollution, and plant root can be caused to rot to wait burning seedling phenomenon, through humify, just must can be applied to farmland.Adopting high-level efficiency technique means to carry out disposal and utilization to feces of livestock and poultry, is the problem needing solution badly.

Fertilizer is the source of fruit tree nutriment, fertilising whether reasonable, directly has influence on the g and D of fruit tree, is related to the seed output and quality of fruit tree.The element that growth and development of fruit tree needs is many, main component is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium " three elements ", is secondly calcium, iron, sulphur, magnesium, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, cobalt, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon wherein, hydrogen, oxygen, can obtain from water and air, all the other elements then need to absorb from soil.Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, simple is inadequate by compost supply, therefore, needs to supplement by applying fertilizer.Fertilizer proper use of, is one of key link of producing safety tea garden, should causes our enough attention.The National agricultural industry standard that the Ministry of Agriculture issues and implements in the recent period, clear and definite regulation be have also been made to the Fertilizer application criterion of producing green fruit, require that fertilization principle will based on fertilizer, keep or increase soil fertility and soil microbial activities, the fertilizer simultaneously used should not produce detrimentally affect to orchard environment and fruit quality.

Summary of the invention

The present invention seeks to the deficiency for solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of Fruit tree organic fertilizer and production technique thereof are provided, it contains the various nutritive ingredients required for fruit tree growth, can nurse one's health soil, activation Soil Microorganism enlivens rate, overcomes soil compaction, increases soil air permeability.

A production technique for Fruit tree organic fertilizer, its concrete operation step is:

Step one, get maize straw, Wheat Straw, soybean stalk and sesame stalk according to mass ratio 4:2:1:1, be ground into the stalk particle of 0.5-0.8 centimetre, then with the gross weight of stalk particle for benchmark, the water of 50% and the ammoniacal liquor of 1.5% is added respectively in stalk particle, after being uniformly mixed, sealing, places after 3-8 days naturally, obtain mixture A, for subsequent use;

Step 2, get cow dung, sheep excrement and pig manure respectively according to mass ratio 10:8:5; Cow dung is adopted UV treatment 50-70 minute; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 10 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 30-50 minute; Sheep excrement is adopted UV treatment 60-80 minute; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 30-50 minute; Pig manure is adopted UV treatment 70-80 minute; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 40-50 minute; Cow dung after sterilization, sheep excrement and pig manure are mixed, obtains mixture B, for subsequent use;

Step 3, cottonseed meal is broken to 20-30 order; Rye grass is broken to 20-30 order; Then by the rye grass after the cottonseed cake after pulverizing, pulverizing and water, after mixing according to mass ratio 1:2:1, adding by mass ratio is the mixture that the aspergillus niger of 2:1 and yeast form, add-on be cottonseed cake, pulverize after rye grass and water composition mixture total mass 2%, carry out aerobic fermentation 3-5 days at 28 DEG C after, obtain mixture C, for subsequent use;

Step 4, gained mixture A, mixture B, mixture C and Sodium salts humic acids to be mixed according to mass ratio 6:10:2:0.2; Add the EM bacterium of mixture total mass 2%, at 30 DEG C, carry out aerobic fermentation 5-8 days, obtain mixture D, for subsequent use;

Step 5, add respectively in gained mixture D the oyster shell whiting of its quality 0.2%, the plant ash of 0.5% and 0.1% wood charcoal powder, mix, then ozone is adopted to carry out germicidal treatment, then at 50-55 DEG C, drying treatment 24-36 hour is carried out, finally carry out packing and adopt ultra-violet sterilization, namely obtaining Fruit tree organic fertilizer; The method that described ozone carries out sterilization is, every 20 minutes, turns over throwing once, altogether sterilization 50-80 minute.

Beneficial effect is:

1, the production technique of Fruit tree organic fertilizer of the present invention, adopt the straw of fixed mixing ratio, after pre-treatment, produce as raw material, the mass ratio 4:2:1:1 of maize straw, Wheat Straw, soybean stalk and sesame stalk, the various nutrients in produced fertilizer in process needed for microorganism can be ensured, because soybean stalk and sesame stalk contain more xylogen, microorganism only can decompose partial lignin, so can ensure again the ventilation property that produced fertilizer has had, strong water-holding capacity; Add ammoniacal liquor, pre-treatment is carried out to straw, ammonia treatment processing condition are simple, process required equipment is simple, can deacetylate be gone out simultaneously; Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and xylogen imbibition can be made, and destroy its crystalline texture, make it dissolve and degrade to form cellodextrin, cellobiose, glucose and dextran etc., think the nutrient that later stage fermentable provides required.

2, the production technique of Fruit tree organic fertilizer of the present invention, adopts respectively first employing ultraviolet to adopt again and carries out sterilization pretreatment to cow dung, sheep excrement and pig manure, can kill the parasite in cow dung, sheep excrement and pig manure and ovum thereof, and more communicable germs; The employing method of becoming thoroughly decomposed can also be avoided to carry out producing high temperature in sterilization process, the nitrogen loss caused; Cottonseed cake after adopting aspergillus niger and yeast cooperative fermentation to pulverize in production process and the rye grass after pulverizing, the Mierocrystalline cellulose that aspergillus niger decomposes in these two kinds of materials produces glucose, and yeast utilizes glucose fermentation to produce lactic acid, for subsequent fermentation provides nutrient; In the fermentation of EM bacterium, add the cottonseed cake after the pulverizing after aspergillus niger and saccharomycetes to make fermentation and the rye grass after pulverizing, Organic manure content is enriched, is more suitable for the growth of fruit tree; Add Sodium salts humic acids, can in and ammoniacal liquor used in stalk pretreatment technology; Adopt EM bacterium to ferment, the organic substance, organic sulfide, organonitrogen etc. that produce foul gas can be decomposed, and suppress the growth of spoilage microorganisms, greatly improve the environment in place.

3, after the fermentation of EM bacterium, add oyster shell whiting, plant ash makes produced fertilizer contain the nutrition of q.s, and make the release of its nutrition slowly more lasting; The production technique of Fruit tree organic fertilizer of the present invention, adds wood charcoal powder in fertilizer, its adsorbable moisture, ensures the adequate water in plant food, makes nutriment be dissolved in water, promotes plant absorption; The heavy metal in soil can be adsorbed; Certain restraining effect can also be had to bacterium simultaneously.

4, the present invention's Fruit tree organic fertilizer of producing, nutritious, be suitable for the growth of fruit tree, water loss and evaporation can be reduced, alleviate arid pressure, fertilizer conservation, minimizing chemical fertilizer, alleviate saline and alkaline infringement, when reduce fertilizer amount or progressively replacing fertilizer, increase soil fertility.Can improve crop economical character, make crop fruit significantly increase production fruit lovely luster, head is neat, ripe concentrated, melon agricultural-food sugar degree, vitamin contents are all improved, and mouthfeel is good, are conducive to expanding export, and improve price; Fruit marketability is good, ahead of time Time To Market; Can improve fruit tree economical character, leaf look dark green, bloom in advance, do fruit rate high, fruit marketability is good, ahead of time Time To Market.In addition, fruit tree disease resistance and resistance can be strengthened, alleviate disease and soil-borne disease that crop causes because of continuous cropping.

Embodiment

A production technique for Fruit tree organic fertilizer, its concrete operation step is:

Step one, get maize straw, Wheat Straw, soybean stalk and sesame stalk according to mass ratio 4:2:1:1, be ground into the stalk particle of 0.5-0.8 centimetre, then with the gross weight of stalk particle for benchmark, the water of 50% and the ammoniacal liquor of 1.5% is added respectively in stalk particle, after being uniformly mixed, sealing, places after 3-8 days naturally, obtain mixture A, for subsequent use;

Step 2, get cow dung, sheep excrement and pig manure respectively according to mass ratio 10:8:5; Cow dung is adopted UV treatment 50-70 minute; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 10 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 30-50 minute; Sheep excrement is adopted UV treatment 60-80 minute; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 30-50 minute; Pig manure is adopted UV treatment 70-80 minute; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 40-50 minute; Cow dung after sterilization, sheep excrement and pig manure are mixed, obtains mixture B, for subsequent use;

Step 3, cottonseed meal is broken to 20-30 order; Rye grass is broken to 20-30 order; Then by the rye grass after the cottonseed cake after pulverizing, pulverizing and water, after mixing according to mass ratio 1:2:1, adding by mass ratio is the mixture that the aspergillus niger of 2:1 and yeast form, add-on be cottonseed cake, pulverize after rye grass and water composition mixture total mass 2%, carry out aerobic fermentation 3-5 days at 28 DEG C after, obtain mixture C, for subsequent use;

Step 4, gained mixture A, mixture B, mixture C and Sodium salts humic acids to be mixed according to mass ratio 6:10:2:0.2; Add the EM bacterium of mixture total mass 2%, at 30 DEG C, carry out aerobic fermentation 5-8 days, obtain mixture D, for subsequent use;

Step 5, add respectively in gained mixture D the oyster shell whiting of its quality 0.2%, the plant ash of 0.5% and 0.1% wood charcoal powder, mix, then ozone is adopted to carry out germicidal treatment, then at 50-55 DEG C, drying treatment 24-36 hour is carried out, finally carry out packing and adopt ultra-violet sterilization, namely obtaining Fruit tree organic fertilizer; The method that described ozone carries out sterilization is, every 20 minutes, turns over throwing once, altogether sterilization 50-80 minute.

embodiment 1

Step one, get maize straw, Wheat Straw, soybean stalk and sesame stalk according to mass ratio 4:2:1:1, be ground into the stalk particle of 0.5 centimetre, then with the gross weight of stalk particle for benchmark, the water of 50% and the ammoniacal liquor of 1.5% is added respectively in stalk particle, after being uniformly mixed, sealing, places after 3 days naturally, obtain mixture A, for subsequent use;

Step 2, get cow dung, sheep excrement and pig manure respectively according to mass ratio 10:8:5; Cow dung is adopted UV treatment 50 minutes; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 10 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 30 minutes; Sheep excrement is adopted UV treatment 60 minutes; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 30 minutes; Pig manure is adopted UV treatment 70 minutes; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 40 minutes; Cow dung after sterilization, sheep excrement and pig manure are mixed, obtains mixture B, for subsequent use;

Step 3, cottonseed meal is broken to 20 orders; Rye grass is broken to 20 orders; Then by the rye grass after the cottonseed cake after pulverizing, pulverizing and water, after mixing according to mass ratio 1:2:1, adding by mass ratio is the mixture that the aspergillus niger of 2:1 and yeast form, add-on be cottonseed cake, pulverize after rye grass and water composition mixture total mass 2%, aerobic fermentation is carried out after 3 days at 28 DEG C, obtain mixture C, for subsequent use;

Step 4, gained mixture A, mixture B, mixture C and Sodium salts humic acids to be mixed according to mass ratio 6:10:2:0.2; Add the EM bacterium of mixture total mass 2%, at 30 DEG C, carry out aerobic fermentation 5 days, obtain mixture D, for subsequent use;

Step 5, add respectively in gained mixture D the oyster shell whiting of its quality 0.2%, the plant ash of 0.5% and 0.1% wood charcoal powder, mix, then ozone is adopted to carry out germicidal treatment, then at 50 DEG C, drying treatment is carried out 24 hours, finally carry out packing and adopt ultra-violet sterilization, namely obtaining Fruit tree organic fertilizer; The method that described ozone carries out sterilization is, every 20 minutes, turns over throwing once, altogether sterilization 50 minutes.

embodiment 2

Step one, get maize straw, Wheat Straw, soybean stalk and sesame stalk according to mass ratio 4:2:1:1, be ground into the stalk particle of 0.6 centimetre, then with the gross weight of stalk particle for benchmark, the water of 50% and the ammoniacal liquor of 1.5% is added respectively in stalk particle, after being uniformly mixed, sealing, places after 5 days naturally, obtain mixture A, for subsequent use;

Step 2, get cow dung, sheep excrement and pig manure respectively according to mass ratio 10:8:5; Cow dung is adopted UV treatment 60 minutes; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 10 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 40 minutes; Sheep excrement is adopted UV treatment 70 minutes; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 40 minutes; Pig manure is adopted UV treatment 75 minutes; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 45 minutes; Cow dung after sterilization, sheep excrement and pig manure are mixed, obtains mixture B, for subsequent use;

Step 3, cottonseed meal is broken to 20-30 order; Rye grass is broken to 25 orders; Then by the rye grass after the cottonseed cake after pulverizing, pulverizing and water, after mixing according to mass ratio 1:2:1, adding by mass ratio is the mixture that the aspergillus niger of 2:1 and yeast form, add-on be cottonseed cake, pulverize after rye grass and water composition mixture total mass 2%, aerobic fermentation is carried out after 4 days at 28 DEG C, obtain mixture C, for subsequent use;

Step 4, gained mixture A, mixture B, mixture C and Sodium salts humic acids to be mixed according to mass ratio 6:10:2:0.2; Add the EM bacterium of mixture total mass 2%, at 30 DEG C, carry out aerobic fermentation 6 days, obtain mixture D, for subsequent use;

Step 5, add respectively in gained mixture D the oyster shell whiting of its quality 0.2%, the plant ash of 0.5% and 0.1% wood charcoal powder, mix, then ozone is adopted to carry out germicidal treatment, then at 52 DEG C, drying treatment is carried out 28 hours, finally carry out packing and adopt ultra-violet sterilization, namely obtaining Fruit tree organic fertilizer; The method that described ozone carries out sterilization is, every 20 minutes, turns over throwing once, altogether sterilization 60 minutes.

embodiment 3

Step one, get maize straw, Wheat Straw, soybean stalk and sesame stalk according to mass ratio 4:2:1:1, be ground into the stalk particle of 0.8 centimetre, then with the gross weight of stalk particle for benchmark, the water of 50% and the ammoniacal liquor of 1.5% is added respectively in stalk particle, after being uniformly mixed, sealing, places after 3-8 days naturally, obtain mixture A, for subsequent use;

Step 2, get cow dung, sheep excrement and pig manure respectively according to mass ratio 10:8:5; Cow dung is adopted UV treatment 70 minutes; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 10 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 50 minutes; Sheep excrement is adopted UV treatment 80 minutes; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 50 minutes; Pig manure is adopted UV treatment 80 minutes; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 50 minutes; Cow dung after sterilization, sheep excrement and pig manure are mixed, obtains mixture B, for subsequent use;

Step 3, cottonseed meal is broken to 30 orders; Rye grass is broken to 30 orders; Then by the rye grass after the cottonseed cake after pulverizing, pulverizing and water, after mixing according to mass ratio 1:2:1, adding by mass ratio is the mixture that the aspergillus niger of 2:1 and yeast form, add-on be cottonseed cake, pulverize after rye grass and water composition mixture total mass 2%, aerobic fermentation is carried out after 5 days at 28 DEG C, obtain mixture C, for subsequent use;

Step 4, gained mixture A, mixture B, mixture C and Sodium salts humic acids to be mixed according to mass ratio 6:10:2:0.2; Add the EM bacterium of mixture total mass 2%, at 30 DEG C, carry out aerobic fermentation 8 days, obtain mixture D, for subsequent use;

Step 5, add respectively in gained mixture D the oyster shell whiting of its quality 0.2%, the plant ash of 0.5% and 0.1% wood charcoal powder, mix, then ozone is adopted to carry out germicidal treatment, then at 55 DEG C, drying treatment is carried out 36 hours, finally carry out packing and adopt ultra-violet sterilization, namely obtaining Fruit tree organic fertilizer; The method that described ozone carries out sterilization is, every 20 minutes, turns over throwing once, altogether sterilization 80 minutes.

Aspergillus niger of the present invention, yeast, EM bacterium all adopt the bacterial classification that market is buied, and technical scheme of the present invention does not rely on the specific bacterial strain of bacterial classification, through test of many times, buy bacterial classification all can reach desired effects from different preservation mechanism and biological products enterprise.

Claims (1)

1. a production technique for Fruit tree organic fertilizer, is characterized in that: its concrete operation step is:

Step one, get maize straw, Wheat Straw, soybean stalk and sesame stalk according to mass ratio 4:2:1:1, be ground into the stalk particle of 0.5-0.8 centimetre, then with the gross weight of stalk particle for benchmark, the water of 50% and the ammoniacal liquor of 1.5% is added respectively in stalk particle, after being uniformly mixed, sealing, places after 3-8 days naturally, obtain mixture A, for subsequent use;

Step 2, get cow dung, sheep excrement and pig manure respectively according to mass ratio 10:8:5; Cow dung is adopted UV treatment 50-70 minute; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 10 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 30-50 minute; Sheep excrement is adopted UV treatment 60-80 minute; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 30-50 minute; Pig manure is adopted UV treatment 70-80 minute; Then adopt ozone to carry out germicidal treatment, in the process of sterilization, every 20 minutes, turn over throwing once, altogether sterilization 40-50 minute; Cow dung after sterilization, sheep excrement and pig manure are mixed, obtains mixture B, for subsequent use;

Step 3, cottonseed meal is broken to 20-30 order; Rye grass is broken to 20-30 order; Then by the rye grass after the cottonseed cake after pulverizing, pulverizing and water, after mixing according to mass ratio 1:2:1, adding by mass ratio is the mixture that the aspergillus niger of 2:1 and yeast form, add-on be cottonseed cake, pulverize after rye grass and water composition mixture total mass 2%, carry out aerobic fermentation 3-5 days at 28 DEG C after, obtain mixture C, for subsequent use;

Step 4, gained mixture A, mixture B, mixture C and Sodium salts humic acids to be mixed according to mass ratio 6:10:2:0.2; Add the EM bacterium of mixture total mass 2%, at 30 DEG C, carry out aerobic fermentation 5-8 days, obtain mixture D, for subsequent use;

Step 5, add respectively in gained mixture D the oyster shell whiting of its quality 0.2%, the plant ash of 0.5% and 0.1% wood charcoal powder, mix, then ozone is adopted to carry out germicidal treatment, then at 50-55 DEG C, drying treatment 24-36 hour is carried out, finally carry out packing and adopt ultra-violet sterilization, namely obtaining Fruit tree organic fertilizer; The method that described ozone carries out sterilization is, every 20 minutes, turns over throwing once, altogether sterilization 50-80 minute.