CN104609911A - Eucalyptus special organic fertilizer production method - Google Patents

Eucalyptus special organic fertilizer production method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104609911A
CN104609911A CN201410786610.9A CN201410786610A CN104609911A CN 104609911 A CN104609911 A CN 104609911A CN 201410786610 A CN201410786610 A CN 201410786610A CN 104609911 A CN104609911 A CN 104609911A
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fermentation
days
water content
eucalyptus
organic
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柯利佳
韦玲菊
林国友
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention relates to an eucalyptus special organic fertilizer production method, after the dry and wet separation of cow dung, by microbial dynamic continuous high-temperature fermentation, substances which are easy to decompose and in high tendency to produce odors in the raw materials can be decomposed and transformed quickly in the fermentation process by use of microorganisms, and the purposes of killing pathogenic bacteria, eliminating odor, reducing moisture content, reducing volume and weight, and increasing the available nutrient content can be achieved by use of high temperature produced in the decomposition process.

Description

A kind of method of eucalyptus fertilizer special for organic
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic fertilizer production technique, particularly relate to a kind of method of eucalyptus fertilizer special for organic.
Background technology
Eucalyptus has very strong transpiration, and water use efficiency is lower, and water consumption is very large, badly influences soil conservation, and they prove in the test of Lezhou Peninsula plantation, and the plantation of eucalyptus definitely result in the decline of ground water table.The plantation of big area eucalyptus can cause ground water table to decline, and earth's surface keeps the ability of water, and the time has been grown, and hardens in surface, soil, also occurs desertification of land phenomenon.
in recent years, China's pig industry develops rapidly, and because fermentation bed does not also carry out corresponding large-area popularization, cannot realize the pollution-free zero release of cow dung at present, thus cow dung generation is also increasing sharply.Cow dung contains abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, is the good raw material of fertilizer.But meanwhile, also containing a lot of volatile matter, pathogenic micro-organism, parasitic ovum and heavy metal etc. in cow dung, if do not process and be directly applied to farmland, detrimentally affect can be brought to ecotope and human and livestock health.Cow dung as real organic fertilizer application in farmland, also will need fermentative processing.At present along with the development of biofermentation technique, utilizing cow dung to produce biological organic fertilizer becomes a new demand.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned problem, a kind of method of eucalyptus fertilizer special for organic is provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
Comprise the steps:
(1) batch mixing: by cow dung weight part 30-40 part of water content 70%-80%, maize straw weight part 60-70 part, adds fermenting agent, then adds plant ash and mixes adjustment water content, makes mixture water content be 50-60%;
(2) one time fermentation: step (1) gained mixture is transported to fermentation plant heap slivering buttress shape, the wide of each buttress is 1.8m, and height is 1.2-1.6m, carries out aerobic fermentation, and wherein summer, fermentation time was 15-20 days, and turning in every 2 days once; Winter, fermentation time was 25-30 days, and every 3-4 days turning once;
(3) Secondary Fermentation: carry out anaerobically fermenting by heaps for step (2) products obtained therefrom heap, fermentation time is 5-9 days;
(4) moisture regulates: the water content of step (3) products obtained therefrom is adjusted to 20-30%;
(5) pulverize and sieve: step (4) products obtained therefrom is carried out pulverizing and sieving process, make powdery or particulate state fertilizer.
Further: described fermenting agent is EM mix bacterium agent.
Further: described step (4) regulates the mode of water content adopt airing, air-dry processed or add auxiliary material.
Further: described auxiliary material is the one in plant ash, calcium powder, calcium superphosphate.
Cow dung of the present invention is just after separating dry space from moist space, through microorganism dynamically-continuous high temperature fermentation, microorganism is utilized rapidly the easy decomposition in starting material and the easy material producing foul smell to be carried out decomposing and transformed during the fermentation, and utilize the high temperature produced in decomposition course to play to kill pathogenic bacteria, destroy foul odors, reduce moisture content, reduce volume and weight, improve the object of available nutrient content simultaneously.
In composting process, carbon element is the basic energy derive of compost microbe, also be the basic material that microorganism cells is formed, compost microbe is while decomposition carbonaceous organic material, utilize part nitrogen to build own cells body, nitrogen still forms the important component part of protein in cell, nucleic acid, amino acid, enzyme, coenzyme.Rational carbon-nitrogen ratio is the prerequisite of highly effective compost fermentation, C/N is too high, sources of nitrogen needed for microbial growth is restricted, and microbial reproduction speed is low, and organic substance decomposing speed is slow, fermentation time is long, organic raw material loss is large, and humification coefficient is low, and composting production C/N can be caused too high, easily cause nitrogen starved plot after being manured into soil, thus affect crop growth.C/N is than too low, and the energy derive needed for microbial growth is restricted, and leavening temperature rises slowly, and nitrogen is excessive and discharge with the form of ammonia, and organonitrogen loss greatly, also can distribute niff.Carbon-nitrogen ratio in reasonable adjusting composting material, is accelerate compost maturity, improves the effective way of humification coefficient.Through long-term actual production and research experience, the C/N ratio of the present invention to cow dung compost is set to 28, utilizes less expensive and organic content is high, the maize straw of high adsorption capacity carries out carbon-nitrogen ratio adjustment for auxiliary material.
Keeping suitable moisture content in composting process, is the most important condition that compost is successful.Because microorganism mostly lacks water conservation mechanism, so very responsive to moisture.When moisture content is between 35% ~ 40%, the degradation rate of compost microbe can significantly decline, but when moisture drops to below 30%, degradation process can stop completely.Expansion deliquescing after usual organism water suction, is conducive to microbial decomposition; When moisture moves in compost, institute's carrier also can move to surrounding and spread, and creates conditions for the breeding of microorganism.Very little, microbial activities is restricted moisture, affects compost speed; Moisture is too many, can block space between compost material, affect its permeability, easily form anaerobic status, and produce foul smell, and nutrient loss is large, and compost is slow too.Keep suitable moisture and porosity to be the important means balancing composting process for this reason, ensure enough biologically stablies, suff water content must be had, but highly can not cause to because pore volume of freely ventilating reduces the state that oxygen transmission amount declines, and then reduce biological activity.Raw materials different in composting process has the different optimum moisture upper limits, and determined by the particle diameter of these raw materials and structural performance.Because raw aqueous rate of the present invention is very high, be keep higher fermentation efficiency, the present invention is according to a large amount of practical production experience, and in conjunction with the particle diameter of cow dung and structural performance, obtaining the optimum moisture content of raw material fermentation upper limit is 60%.By adding appropriate plant ash when not affecting C/N, raw aqueous rate is dropped to about 60%, for fermentation is laid a good foundation efficiently.
The present invention adds the EM mix bacterium agent of Japan in composting material, improves fermentation efficiency, shortens fermentation time, decrease the loss of nutritive element, make quality product higher.
What the present invention adopted is aerobic formula zymotechnique, for keeping efficiently carrying out of fermentation, must ensure to carry out sufficient oxygen supply to windrow.The industrialization compost generally unlikely naturally osmotic by air meets the needs of compost Biochemical reaction to oxygen, corresponding auxiliary oxygenation measure must be taked, conventional is take turning or forced ventilation mode at present, and what the present invention adopted at present is that mechanical turning mode carries out oxygenation.Bar buttress formula compost due to heap body and air contact surfaces greatly, generally just can be met the needs of its oxygen supply by turning.The frequency of turning is determined in conjunction with material properties and the change of heap temperature.
The temperature variation of compost is the index whether reflection fermentation is normal the most directly, the most responsive.To the requirement of the temperature variation of compost be: temperature rising in early stage is steady, high temperature maintenance in mid-term appropriateness, latter temperature decline slow.
The present invention regulates and controls the temperature of fermentation at present mainly through mechanical turning, namely at compost in earlier stage, even if fermented, temperature does not slowly even play temperature, necessary turning after 48 hours, heap body is avoided to form anaerobic environment, in the compost middle and later periods, once temperature exceedes set(ting)value, must in time turning, can not wait and reach turning again after setting-up time.
Compost work in-process enter follow-up further processing and packing stage after rotten degree detection, quality examination, safety detection.The product water ratio of compost maturity is still very high, need reduce below moisture to 30% and carry out follow-up processing again.What the present invention of moisture control method adopted is the methods such as natural air drying, airing, interpolation auxiliary material.
Pulverize and sieve to remove mechanical impurity to the windrow become thoroughly decomposed and make fertilizer form absorbing of the crop that is more conducive to of powdery.The fertilizer nutritive element that the present invention produces is very complete, in addition according to different crops demand, some trace elements can be added, according to different plant growth demands and special carry out surveying soil formula for various crop after add various water-soluble or Chelating state medium trace element as sulphur, iron, zinc, magnesium, calcium, boron, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine etc.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1
A method for eucalyptus fertilizer special for organic, comprises the steps:
(1) batch mixing: the cow dung of water content 70% is mixed with maize straw, proportioning is cow dung weight part is 300kg, and maize straw weight part is 700kg, adds EM mix bacterium agent 0.18kg, then add plant ash and mix adjustment water content, make mixture water content be 50%.
(2) one time fermentation: step (1) gained mixture forklift is transported to fermentation plant heap slivering buttress shape, the wide of each buttress is 1.8m, height is 1.2m, carries out aerobic fermentation, ferments in summer, fermentation time is 15 days, every 2 days with turnover throwing machine turning once, utilize turn over throwing process nature oxygenation, turnover throwing machine is with crushing function, oversize material can be smashed and fully mix while turning over throwing, the material water ratio after one time fermentation is about 45%.Aerobic fermentation is having under oxygen existent condition, material is decomposed into Dissolved Organic Matter by the exoenzyme making good use of oxygen animalcule, Dissolved Organic Matter can infiltrate in microorganism cells, microorganism is oxidized to simple inorganics by metabolism a part of Dissolved Organic Matter, for the vital movement of microorganism provides energy, all the other dissolved organic matters are converted into nutritive substance, form new cell paste, microorganism is constantly bred, thus promotes that in material, biodegradable organic matter transforms to stable soil ulmin.Utilizing turnover throwing machine to turn over throwing every day makes material oxygenation abundant, and heap body temperature in 1-3 days can be made to rise to 25 DEG C-45 DEG C, and heap temperature reaches about 60 DEG C fermentation stabilities, and fiber in material element and xylogen also start to decompose, and soil ulmin starts formation.The most high energy of heap temperature reaches 80 DEG C, and fully after fermentation, temperature progressively reduces.
(3) Secondary Fermentation: carry out anaerobically fermenting by heaps for step (2) products obtained therefrom forklift heap, fermentation time is 5 days.Secondary Fermentation, without the need to turning over throwing, belongs to anaerobic ferment process.Secondary Fermentation mainly one in one time fermentation for the organic matter of fully degraded is degraded the process of becoming thoroughly decomposed again, the material water ratio after Secondary Fermentation is about 40%.
(4) moisture regulates: the product water ratio after Secondary Fermentation is still very high, need reduce below moisture to 30% and carry out follow-up processing again, is adopted by step (3) products obtained therefrom airing process regulating pondage to be adjusted to 20%.
(5) pulverize and sieve: pulverize and sieve to remove mechanical impurity to the windrow become thoroughly decomposed and make fertilizer form absorbing of the crop that is more conducive to of powdery, the mixing of screen overflow oversize material back-mixing material process re-starts fermentation, screen underflow is powdery organic fertilizer product, can be made into powdery organic fertilizer product, its water content is about 20%.
Embodiment 2
A method for eucalyptus fertilizer special for organic, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) batch mixing: the cow dung of water content 80% is mixed with maize straw, proportioning is cow dung weight part is 400kg, and maize straw weight part is 600kg, adds EM mix bacterium agent 0.22kg, then add plant ash and mix adjustment water content, make mixture water content be 60%;
(2) one time fermentation: by step (1) gained mixture fortune forklift be transported to fermentation plant heap slivering buttress shape, each buttress wide be 1.8m, height is 1.6m, carries out aerobic fermentation, and wherein summer, fermentation time was 17 days, every 2 days with turnover throwing machine turning once;
(3) Secondary Fermentation: carry out anaerobically fermenting by heaps for step (2) products obtained therefrom heap, fermentation time is 7 days;
(4) moisture regulates: step (3) products obtained therefrom is added plant ash and regulate water content to be 30%;
(5) pulverize and sieve: carry out step (4) products obtained therefrom pulverizing and sieving process and obtain powdery organic fertilizer product, then make particulate state fertilizer packaging.
Embodiment 3
A method for eucalyptus fertilizer special for organic, comprises the steps:
(1) batch mixing: the cow dung of water content 75% is mixed with maize straw, proportioning is cow dung weight part is 500kg, and maize straw weight part is 500kg, adds EM mix bacterium agent 0.2kg, then add plant ash and mix adjustment water content, make mixture water content be 55%.
Shape, each buttress wide be 1.8m, height is 1.4m, carries out aerobic fermentation, sends out (2) one time fermentation in summer: step (1) gained mixture forklift is transported to fermentation plant pile slivering pile up neatly ferment, fermentation time is 20 days, every 2 days with turnover throwing machine turning once.
(3) Secondary Fermentation: carry out anaerobically fermenting by heaps for step (2) products obtained therefrom forklift heap, fermentation time is 9 days.
(4) moisture regulates: the product water ratio after Secondary Fermentation is still very high, need reduce below moisture to 30% and carry out follow-up processing again, step (3) products obtained therefrom is added calcium superphosphate regulating pondage and is adjusted to 25%.
(5) pulverize and sieve: step (4) products obtained therefrom is carried out pulverizing and sieving process, obtains powdery organic fertilizer product, then pack.
The present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention; all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a preparation method for eucalyptus fertilizer special for organic, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) batch mixing: by cow dung weight part 30-40 part of water content 70%-80%, maize straw weight part is 60-70 part, add fermenting agent, the cow dung of every 5000 weight parts adds the fermenting agent of 1 weight part, then add plant ash and mix adjustment water content, make mixture water content be 50-60%;
(2) one time fermentation: step (1) gained mixture is transported to fermentation plant heap slivering buttress shape, the wide of each buttress is 1.8m, and height is 1.2-1.6m, carries out aerobic fermentation, and wherein summer, fermentation time was 15-20 days, and turning in every 2 days once; Winter, fermentation time was 25-30 days, and every 3-4 days turning once;
(3) Secondary Fermentation: carry out anaerobically fermenting by heaps for step (2) products obtained therefrom heap, fermentation time is 5-9 days;
(4) moisture regulates: the water content of step (3) products obtained therefrom is adjusted to 20-30%;
(5) pulverize and sieve: step (4) products obtained therefrom is carried out pulverizing and sieving process, make powdery or particulate state fertilizer.
2. the preparation method of eucalyptus fertilizer special for organic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fermenting agent is EM mix bacterium agent.
3. the preparation method of eucalyptus fertilizer special for organic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (4) regulates the mode of water content adopt airing, air-dry processed or add auxiliary material.
4. the preparation method of eucalyptus fertilizer special for organic according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described auxiliary material is the one in plant ash, calcium powder, calcium superphosphate.
CN201410786610.9A 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Eucalyptus special organic fertilizer production method Pending CN104609911A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105753523A (en) * 2016-01-22 2016-07-13 黄全 Preparation method of organic fertilizer for transplantation and plantation of fast-growing eucalyptuses
CN106007853A (en) * 2016-05-24 2016-10-12 安吉肥立得生物科技有限公司 Efficient production method of fertilizer for tea trees
CN106045589A (en) * 2016-05-24 2016-10-26 安吉肥立得生物科技有限公司 Production method for fertilizer used for tea tree
CN109180238A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-01-11 固原博泰农业科技有限公司彭阳分公司 A kind of fertilizer technique processed of graininess organic fertilizer
CN109879680A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-06-14 农安县学海生物秸秆加工有限公司 The method of organic fertilizer is made after a kind of stalk and cow dung mixing
CN111943781A (en) * 2020-09-23 2020-11-17 广西黎塘远东化肥有限责任公司 Production method of fertilizer special for eucalyptus

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57191285A (en) * 1981-05-20 1982-11-25 Hidemaro Osada Manufacture of manure utilizing pig excrements
CN101074180A (en) * 2007-06-15 2007-11-21 陈宗旺 Technology for producing special organic biological manure of nutrient tea
CN101381251A (en) * 2008-09-24 2009-03-11 广东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Ecological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103435377A (en) * 2013-08-15 2013-12-11 天津绿之本生物科技有限公司 Environment-friendly bio-fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103449864A (en) * 2013-08-19 2013-12-18 六安亿牛生物科技有限公司 Method for preparing organic fertilizer by fermenting cow dung compost
CN103626595A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-12 汝州市九龙牧业有限公司 Fruit tree organic fertilizer and production technology thereof
CN105732142A (en) * 2014-12-11 2016-07-06 广西大学 Method for producing organic fertilizer by using cow dung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57191285A (en) * 1981-05-20 1982-11-25 Hidemaro Osada Manufacture of manure utilizing pig excrements
CN101074180A (en) * 2007-06-15 2007-11-21 陈宗旺 Technology for producing special organic biological manure of nutrient tea
CN101381251A (en) * 2008-09-24 2009-03-11 广东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Ecological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103435377A (en) * 2013-08-15 2013-12-11 天津绿之本生物科技有限公司 Environment-friendly bio-fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103449864A (en) * 2013-08-19 2013-12-18 六安亿牛生物科技有限公司 Method for preparing organic fertilizer by fermenting cow dung compost
CN103626595A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-12 汝州市九龙牧业有限公司 Fruit tree organic fertilizer and production technology thereof
CN105732142A (en) * 2014-12-11 2016-07-06 广西大学 Method for producing organic fertilizer by using cow dung

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105753523A (en) * 2016-01-22 2016-07-13 黄全 Preparation method of organic fertilizer for transplantation and plantation of fast-growing eucalyptuses
CN106007853A (en) * 2016-05-24 2016-10-12 安吉肥立得生物科技有限公司 Efficient production method of fertilizer for tea trees
CN106045589A (en) * 2016-05-24 2016-10-26 安吉肥立得生物科技有限公司 Production method for fertilizer used for tea tree
CN109180238A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-01-11 固原博泰农业科技有限公司彭阳分公司 A kind of fertilizer technique processed of graininess organic fertilizer
CN109879680A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-06-14 农安县学海生物秸秆加工有限公司 The method of organic fertilizer is made after a kind of stalk and cow dung mixing
CN111943781A (en) * 2020-09-23 2020-11-17 广西黎塘远东化肥有限责任公司 Production method of fertilizer special for eucalyptus
CN111943781B (en) * 2020-09-23 2022-04-15 广西黎塘远东化肥有限责任公司 Production method of fertilizer special for eucalyptus

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