CN102010239B - Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102010239B CN102010239B CN 201010612251 CN201010612251A CN102010239B CN 102010239 B CN102010239 B CN 102010239B CN 201010612251 CN201010612251 CN 201010612251 CN 201010612251 A CN201010612251 A CN 201010612251A CN 102010239 B CN102010239 B CN 102010239B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of biological organic fertilizers. The invention aims to solve the problems that the common organic fertilizer contains less total nutrients and has the defect of longer fermentation period. The organic fertilizer provided by the invention is prepared from the following raw materials by weight percent: 0.2-0.4% of leaven, 0.4-0.6% of oil cake, 0.1-0.2% of white sugar, 1.5-3% of urea, 1-2% of zeolite powder and the balance of garden waste. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: evenly mixing the 0.4-0.6% of oil cake, the 0.1-0.2% of white sugar, the 0.2-0.4% of leaven, the 1.5-3% of urea, the 1-2% of zeolite powder and the balance of garden waste, and fully fermenting to obtain the organic fertilizer. The contents of organic matters and humus in the organic fertilizer provided by the invention are high, the total nutrient content exceeds the national standard for organic fertilizers, and the organic fertilizer provided by the invention has the advantages of short fermentation period and extensive application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biological organic fertilizer field, be specifically related to a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The production of fertilizer has important effect to Development of Chinese Agriculture, and chemical fertilizer is modal a kind of fertilizer.In general, chemical fertilizer mainly contains nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of elements of potassium, for earth replenishes the nutrition of running off, thereby increases the ultimate production of farm crop.But in recent years, the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer has a declining tendency, and the output of farm crop is not equal to before.Multinomial farming research is pointed out, though chemical fertilizer replenishes enough nutrients for earth, has ignored organic supply.If long-term single administration chemical fertilizer, earth bring detrimentally affect will for soil quality and environment.Soil is under the condition that lacks competent organic matter, and a result is difficult to form, and the bonding strength between the soil particle weakens; And then lower argillous water retention capacity; When earth does not have suff water,, also be difficult under the advantageous environment condition, nutrient being discharged even the fertilizer quality is high.In addition, excessively using chemical fertilizer also can cause environment and have a strong impact on.When using excessive chemical fertilizer, the nutrient that is not absorbed by earth will lose with current, and near the water source overnutrition causing quickens algae grows, influences the whole ecological system.
In order to solve the problem of long-term single administration chemical fertilizer, development fertilizer industry side is a very wise move, is one of most important approach and utilize garden waste fermentative prodn fertilizer.
At present, the biofermentation method of garden waste mainly is an aerobic composting fermentation both at home and abroad.The aerobic composting fermentation decomposition course is to produce with having under the situation of water at aerobic, and reaction mechanism is following: organic substance+aerobic bacteria+oxygen+water → carbonic acid gas+water (vapor state)+nitrate salt+vitriol+oxide compound.This reaction process does not have any objectionable impurities and produces, and is tasteless although there is not a kind of biolysis, and the smell that the aerobic fermentation (like the modes such as starter that ventilation plant can be installed or select for use) of process correct handling is produced is very little.Aerobic composting fermentation is compared with traditional sanitary landfill, and the anaerobic digestion process that health is filled up needs several years, can the time be shortened in 20 days and support the compost fermentation method well.The aerobic composting fermentation treatment process has controllable process system, easy to operate, characteristics such as degraded is fast, resource utilization is effective, can handle composting, working cost is low; Mainly add starter, urea, zeolite powder etc. in process of production; Starter is meant the enzymatic microorganism of the fermentation usefulness that is used for fertilizer, and its prescription is starter (0.2～0.4%), urea (1.5～3%), zeolite powder (1～2%).Most of technician only pays attention to adding that urea is regulated C/N ratio (C/N) and improve ferment effect with the mode of selecting starter in actual production process, and there is certain limitation in this, and length, ferment effect are undesirable to cause fermentation period.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, and fertilizer that a kind of fermentation period is short, nutrient content is high and preparation method thereof is provided.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems provides a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Fertilizer is made by following materials of weight proportions: starter 0.2～0.4%, and oil cake 0.4～0.6%, white sugar 0.1～0.2%, urea 1.5～3%, zeolite powder 1～2%, surplus is a garden waste.
Said starter is meant the enzymatic microorganism of the fermentation usefulness that is used for fertilizer; Oil cake is meant the residue after the Extraction oil of seed that contains Chuck Steak divides, the popular name oil cake, and it contains rich nutrient contents, does the fertilizer time spent to be called cake fertilizer; Zeolite powder is levigate the forming of aluminium silicate mineral of the frame shape structure that formed by slag.
Wherein, above-mentioned fertilizer is preferably made by following materials of weight proportions: starter 0.3%, and oil cake 0.5%, white sugar 0.15%, urea 2%, zeolite powder 1.5%, surplus is a garden waste.
Wherein, garden waste described in the above-mentioned fertilizer is at least a of branch, leaf or grass bits.
Wherein, garden waste water ratio described in the above-mentioned fertilizer is 60～70%.
The preparation method of fertilizer: be that garden waste mixes with oil cake 0.4～0.6%, white sugar 0.1～0.2%, starter 0.2～0.4%, urea 1.5～3%, zeolite powder 1～2%, surplus by weight ratio, make fertilizer through fully fermenting.
Wherein, be that garden waste mixes by the preferred weight proportioning with oil cake 0.5%, white sugar 0.15%, starter 0.3%, urea 2%, zeolite powder 1.5%, surplus among the preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer, make fertilizer through abundant fermentation.
Wherein, garden waste described in the preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is at least a of branch, leaf or grass bits.
Wherein, garden waste water ratio described in the preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is 60～70%.
The temperature of wherein, fermenting among the preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is controlled at 40～60 ℃.
The time of wherein, fermenting among the preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is 10～15 days.
The beneficial effect of fertilizer of the present invention and preparation method thereof is: through adding an amount of oil cake and white sugar; For microbial bacteria self growth provides competent nutrient, promote microbial bacteria to grow fast, thereby microbial bacteria quantity is increased; The garden waste fermenting speed is fast, and fermentation time is short.Organic and content of humic substances high (help the soil is porous, increase crop yield) in the fertilizer of the present invention, total nutrient is also high, has wide application value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the preparation method of organic fertilizer FB(flow block).
Auxiliary material is meant oil cake, white sugar, urea and zeolite powder among the figure.
Embodiment
Fertilizer of the present invention is through adding an amount of oil cake and white sugar, for microbial bacteria self growth provides competent nutrient, to reach the purpose that fermenting speed is accelerated, the fertilizer nutrient increases.Fertilizer of the present invention is made by following materials of weight proportions: starter 0.2～0.4%, and oil cake 0.4～0.6%, white sugar 0.1～0.2%, urea 1.5～3%, zeolite powder 1～2%, surplus is a garden waste.The preferred weight proportioning is: starter 0.3%, and oil cake 0.5%, white sugar 0.15%, urea 2%, zeolite powder 1.5%, surplus is a garden waste.
Wherein, the raw material waste is meant one or more of branch, leaf or grass bits, and its contained humidity is 60～70%.
The effect of oil cake and white sugar mainly is for microbial bacteria self growth certain nutrient to be provided; Promote microbial bacteria to grow fast, thereby microbial bacteria quantity increases, make the garden waste fermenting speed accelerate; The soil ulmin accumulation increases, and correspondingly the nutrient of garden waste also increases to some extent.
Zeolite powder mainly is the potential of hydrogen of regulating garden waste.Adding urea is that C/N ratio (C/N) is regulated (starter has certain scope of application to C/N, and suitable C/N helps bringing into play microbic activity, improves organic degradation rate).
The method that the present invention prepares fertilizer is to adopt aerobic composting fermentation, and aerobic decomposition course is under aerobic and the situation that water is arranged, to produce, and the smell that this reaction process produced is very little, and does not have any objectionable impurities and produce, and its reaction mechanism is:
Organic substance+aerobic bacteria+oxygen+water → carbonic acid gas+water (vapor state)+nitrate salt+vitriol+oxide compound
The present invention prepares the method for fertilizer and specifically can implement by following mode:
Collect garden waste earlier; Here mainly be meant one or more that vegetation pruning residue branch, leaf or grass bits are planted; And look garden waste and do wet situation and add water or dry, make its contained humidity remain on 60～70% (providing suitable moisture to promote the generations of reaction).In order to reach better mixing effect and the generation that helps the aerobic fermentation reaction, garden waste is pulverized: grass bits length≤5cm, branch and leaf granularity≤1cm.
After auxiliary material oil cake 0.4～0.6%, white sugar 0.1～0.2% and starter 0.2～0.4% mixed, join (the preferred oil cake 0.5% of the inventive method, white sugar 0.15% in the garden waste with auxiliary material urea 1.5～3%, zeolite powder 1～2% again; Starter 0.3%, urea 2%, zeolite powder 1.5%; Surplus is a garden waste); Mix, the apparent temperature situation is stirred ventilate oxygenating cooling of material, makes Material control at 40～60 ℃; Through fully reacting 10～15 days, fermentation makes fertilizer.Earlier auxiliary material oil cake, white sugar are mixed for balanced nutritious with starter, make full use of the nutrient that oil cake and white sugar provide, cut the waste, reach the purpose that economizes in raw materials.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the specific embodiment of the invention is done further to set forth, but therefore the present invention is not limited in the middle of the said embodiment.
The preparation of embodiment one fertilizer of the present invention
Starter is the special bio-fermentation agent of fertile scholar that Beijing Fei Shite biotechnology ltd provides in the present embodiment, and living bacteria count is no less than 100,000,000/gram, powdery, 1000 gram/bags; Vegetable seed oil cake, zeolite powder, urea and white sugar market are all on sale.
Collect garden waste earlier: 500 kilograms of branch and leaves make its granularity greatly about 5 millimeters through pulverizing; 455.5 kilograms in grass bits, its length≤5 centimetre.Branch, leaf and grass bits are mixed,, add water its contained humidity is got final product between 60～70% in order better to promote the generation of reaction.
After 3 kilograms of 5 kilograms of auxiliary material vegetable seed oil cakes, 1.5 kilograms of white sugar and starters are mixed, join in the garden waste (955.5 kilograms altogether) for 15 kilograms and mix with 20 kilograms in auxiliary material urea, zeolite powder again., mixed stockpile reaction begins turning when reaching 40～50 ℃; Ventilate oxygenating cooling of turning every day afterwards; The control temperature of charge about 40～60 ℃, through fermentation 15 days (be covered with white hypha in the heap, garden waste is soft, with hand touch promptly broken) make fertilizer.
The preparation of fertilizer in embodiment two prior aries
Starter is the special bio-fermentation agent of fertile scholar that Beijing Fei Shite biotechnology ltd provides in the present embodiment, and living bacteria count is no less than 100,000,000/gram, powdery, 1000 gram/bags; Zeolite powder and urea market are all on sale.
Collect garden waste earlier: 500 kilograms of branch and leaves make its granularity greatly about 5 millimeters through pulverizing; 460 kilograms in grass bits, its length≤5 centimetre.Branch, leaf and grass bits are mixed,, add water its contained humidity is got final product between 60～70% in order better to promote the generation of reaction.
3 kilograms of starters, 20 kilograms in urea, zeolite powder are joined in the garden waste together for 15 kilograms and mix., mixed stockpile reaction begins turning when reaching 40～50 ℃; Ventilate oxygenating cooling of turning every day afterwards; The control temperature of charge about 40～60 ℃, through fermentation 35 days (be covered with white hypha in the heap, garden waste is soft, with hand touch promptly broken) make fertilizer.
The detection case and the national fertilizer standard of fertilizer are seen table 1 among embodiment one and the embodiment two.
Table 1 fertilizer detection case table
Can know by embodiment: through adding the oil cake and the white sugar of suitable proportion; For microbial bacteria self growth provides competent nutrient, and strict control ambient conditions (like humidity and temperature), promote microbial bacteria to grow fast; The garden waste fermenting speed is accelerated, fermentation period short (15 days); Organic and content of humic substances high (being respectively 87.6% and 8.0%) in the fertilizer help that the soil is porous, the increase crop yield.Under identical condition, the fertilizer fermenting speed that does not add oil cake and white sugar is slow, fermentation period long (35 days).In the fertilizer organic low (45%), no soil ulmin.Fertilizer fermentation period of the present invention is short, nutrient content is high has a wide application value.
Claims (6)
1. fertilizer is characterized in that being made by following materials of weight proportions: starter 0.3%, and oil cake 0.5%, white sugar 0.15%, urea 2%, zeolite powder 1.5%, surplus is a garden waste; Said garden waste is at least a of branch, leaf or grass bits.
2. fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said garden waste water ratio is 60～70%.
3. the preparation method of fertilizer is characterized in that: be that garden waste mixes with oil cake 0.5%, white sugar 0.15%, starter 0.3%, urea 2%, zeolite powder 1.5%, surplus by weight ratio, ferment makes fertilizer through sending out abundant; Said garden waste is at least a of branch, leaf or grass bits.
4. the preparation method of fertilizer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: said garden waste water ratio is 60～70%.
5. the preparation method of fertilizer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the temperature of fermentation is controlled at 40～60 ℃.
6. the preparation method of fertilizer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the time of fermentation is 10～15 days.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010612251 CN102010239B (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2010-12-29 | Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN 201010612251 CN102010239B (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2010-12-29 | Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102010239A CN102010239A (en) | 2011-04-13 |
| CN102010239B true CN102010239B (en) | 2012-12-19 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102276325A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2011-12-14 | 天津天保园林环卫发展有限公司 | Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102617196A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 北京工商大学 | Method for quick composting of grass scraps |
| CN103664329B (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2016-05-18 | 周淮 | A kind of bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106734098B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-11-19 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | A method of with accelerating mountainous region Chinese pine plantation Decomposition of leaf litter |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1368487A (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2002-09-11 | 张显军 | Formula and process for preparing efficient biological organic (or semi-organic) fertilizer |
| CN1765844A (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2006-05-03 | 刘甫名 | Humic acid biological fertilizer and its production method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1368487A (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2002-09-11 | 张显军 | Formula and process for preparing efficient biological organic (or semi-organic) fertilizer |
| CN1765844A (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2006-05-03 | 刘甫名 | Humic acid biological fertilizer and its production method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 樊羿等.有机肥资源利用对环境的影响及对策.《河南农业科学》.2005,(第6期),54-59. * |
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