CN108142245A - A kind of targeting cultivation matrix and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of targeting cultivation matrix and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108142245A CN108142245A CN201711200258.6A CN201711200258A CN108142245A CN 108142245 A CN108142245 A CN 108142245A CN 201711200258 A CN201711200258 A CN 201711200258A CN 108142245 A CN108142245 A CN 108142245A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of targeting cultivation matrix, including following components by weight：300 360 parts of sawdust, 160 200 parts of ashes, 13 parts of urea, 0.1 0.3 parts of pyroligneous liquor.The invention also discloses the targeting cultivation matrix preparation method, including：1) sawdust is sufficiently mixed with ashes, it is spare；2) it is urea is soluble in water, it is prepared into urea liquid；3) pyroligneous liquor is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), is stirred evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor, and mixed liquor is drenched in the mixture of step 1), stirs evenly；Wherein, the mixing ratio of the sawdust and ashes is (1.5 2): 1,0.18 times for the weight of the mixture in the step 1) of the weight of water in the urea liquid.The invention also discloses application of the targeting cultivation matrix in blueberry is cultivated.The targeting cultivation matrix of the present invention can promote the root system of plant to stretch, while improve the growing environment of plant, promote growth.
Description
Technical field
This application involves a kind of targeting cultivation matrix and its methods and applications, belong to agriculture field.
Background technology
Blueberry scientific name blueberry belongs to Ericaceae blueberry platymiscium, is perennial greenery or evergreen shrubs, and fruit is starched for blue
Fruit.In the 21st century, food security becomes the main problem of facing mankind.Blueberry is received as a kind of green non-pollution fruit
The favor of the mankind becomes worldwide " the 3rd generation gold fruit ".Blueberry is also rich in addition to containing conventional sugar, acid and Vc
Polyphenol substance, vitamin, SOD, ursin, protein, dietary fibre and various mineral matter elements, these substances have higher
Nutritive value and medical value, can not only prevent various diseases, health can also be enhanced.Especially anthocyanidin, dimension life
Element, protein and amino acid content are several times even tens times of general fruit, and anthocyanidin has the work(such as anti-oxidant, anti-aging
Effect, is referred to as mankind's number one antioxidant.The nutrition and health care function of blueberry is that any fruit cannot compare, because
This is listed in one of one of " five big healthy food of the mankind " and " ten big best nutritional food of the world ".Blueberry juice enriches,
Sugar content is high, color is deep, the smell of fruits is very sweet, unique flavor, is the very good material for making high-quality fruit wine.With agrotechnical
Development, growing nursery and culture matrix is used to that soil be replaced to carry out nursery in modern agriculture, forestry, since seedling medium compares normal soil
It is easier to control nutrient composition content, it is easier to accomplish scale production, thus gradually be used widely.But blueberry root hair
Few, shallow root system, root mass is distributed in thin solum, is suitble to be grown on the soil that the content of organic matter reaches more than 5%, simultaneously
Soil pH 4.5~5.5 is sought, the conditions such as soil moisture, gas permeability, drainage all have a significant impact to blueberry growth.Due to blueberry
Cultivation condition is harsh, therefore area will carry out soil improvement mostly.Existing seedling medium often will appear in actual use with
Lower problem：1. most of cultivation area lacks corresponding flora, the soil improvement method that the country uses at present be using Cosan,
The acidic fertiliziers such as ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate, but the study found that apply Cosan in the soil, ability after needing decompose for 40-80 days
Play the role of adjusting soil pH, the study found that with the increase of sulphur amount, pH is continuously decreased, while the salt content in soil
Also it can accordingly increase, the balance of hormone that the increase of the salt content in soil will be influenced whether in plant causes entirely to plant
Strain nutritional status imbalance；Although ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate can reduce rapidly soil pH, due to the excessively high meeting of its salt ionic concentration
Root system is damaged.So this planting type limits the growth of blueberry to a certain extent, it is difficult to realize sustainable development.
2. the stretching, extension of pair root system of plant and it is attached with certain limitation, it is impossible to give full play to it and fix and holding effect；Cannot be simultaneously
Root system of plant provides the conditions such as good water, fertilizer, air and heat, pH value, it is impossible to which it is not work that soil surpasses soil to give full play to it
With.
Invention content
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of targeting cultivation matrix, which can promote plant
Root system stretches, while provides the conditions such as good water, fertilizer, air and heat, pH value for root system of plant, improves the growing environment of plant, promotees
Into plant strain growth, upgrading volume increase.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method for targeting cultivation matrix, and the preparation method can be fast
Rate produces the targeting cultivation matrix, and to the of less demanding of equipment and condition, convenient to carry out.
The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the targeting cultivation matrix, which is most suitable for should
In the culture of blueberry plant.
According to more than goal of the invention, one aspect of the present invention is related to a kind of targeting cultivation matrix, the targeting cultivation base
Matter includes following components by weight：300-360 parts of sawdust, 160-200 parts of ashes, 1-3 parts of urea, pyroligneous liquor 0.1-
0.3 part.
Sawdust, urea and three component of pyroligneous liquor have synergistic effect.After adding urea in sawdust, urea is provided for sawdust
It is decomposed to can help to sawdust for nitrogen source；Add in pyroligneous liquor, improve the temperature in sawdust fermentation process, shorten sawdust ferment into
Enter the time of the highest temperature, promote the degradation of lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose, C/N is also decreased, while adds in wooden jealous woman
Liquid can adjust the pH value of each processing, promote the fermentation maturity of sawdust, and sawdust easily grows probiotics under acidic environment, promote
Into organic matter decomposition, increase the content of organic matter in matrix, enhance the stability of matrix pH value.
Preferably, the targeting cultivation matrix includes following components by weight：310-330 parts of sawdust, ashes
170-190 parts, 1.5-2.5 parts of urea, 0.15-0.25 parts of pyroligneous liquor, it is highly preferred that the content of each component for 320 parts of sawdust, stove
180 parts of ash, 2 parts of urea, 0.2 part of pyroligneous liquor.
Preferably, the matrix further includes 45-70 parts of humic acid by weight.
Ashes and two component of humic acid have synergistic effect, can improve the content of organic matter, for the same of carbon activated substrate
When, the trace elements such as magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, calcium necessary to blueberry is grown also are provided, and also improve the loose of matrix
And drainage.
Preferably, the content of the humic acid is 55-65 by weight parts, more preferably 60 parts.
Preferably, the matrix further includes 0.1-0.3 parts of Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi by weight.
Preferably, it is characterised in that the content of the Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi be 0.15-0.25 parts, more preferably 0.2
Part.
As a preferred embodiment, the Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi includes membranous disc Pseudomonas fungi
(Hymenoscyphus), Helotiales fungi (Helotiales), Lachnum category fungi (Lachnum), Mollisia fungi
(Mollisia), fungus Mycenae sp (Mycena), Marasmius fungi (Marasmius), Form of Coprinus Fungies (Coprinopsis)
At least one of.Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi is cooperateed with sawdust, urea, pyroligneous liquor, ashes and humic acid, and dip dyeing is blue
Certain kind of berries root, formed mutualistic symbiosis relationship, contributes to absorption of the blueberry to nutrient under field conditions (factors), has enhancing
The growth potential of plant, the effects that improveing root system environment and enhance resistivity of the plant to pest and disease damage.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to a kind of targeting cultivation matrix preparation method, and the step of the method includes：
1) sawdust is sufficiently mixed with ashes, it is spare；
2) it is urea is soluble in water, it is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor is added in into the urea liquid prepared in step 2), stirs evenly, be prepared into mixed liquor, and by mixed liquor
It drenches in the mixture of step 1), stirs evenly；
Wherein, the mixing ratio of the sawdust and ashes is (1.5-2): 1, the weight of water is the step in the urea liquid
It is rapid 1) in 0.15-0.2 times of weight of mixture.
Preferably, in the step 2), a concentration of 20-30% of urea in urea liquid, it is preferable that in the step 3)
Mixed liquor in, a concentration of 2-3% of pyroligneous liquor.
Preferably, it is further included in the step 1), adds in humic acid and mixed jointly with the sawdust and the ashes, preferably
Ground, the weight of the humic acid added in are the 30%-40% of the ashes weight.
Preferably, the method further includes：
Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi is added in the mixture that step 3) is prepared into, stirred evenly by step 4), wherein, institute
The weight of the Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi of addition is the 0.05-0.15% of the ashes weight.
Another aspect of the present invention is related to application of the targeting cultivation matrix in blueberry is cultivated.
The advantageous effect that the application can generate includes：
1) targeting cultivation matrix reasonable recipe of the invention, is provided well by the synergistic effect of each component for blueberry root system
The conditions such as water, fertilizer, air and heat, pH value, substantially improve the environment of blueberry growth, promote blueberry growth, especially Ericaceae bacterium
The application of mycorrhiza fungi can not only reduce destruction of the sulphur to soil, also add blueberry yield, improve the quality of fruit, be hair
Blueberry industry technical measures the most cost-effective are opened up, there will be far-reaching influence to the production of blueberry；
2) method provided by the present invention is simple, is suitble to the needs of scale industrial production.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the matrix prepared in different embodiments of the invention with being used to handle blueberry plant for the matrix of comparison
Afterwards, the root activity measurement result block diagram of blueberry plant.
Specific embodiment
The application is described in detail, but the application is not limited to these embodiments with reference to embodiment.
Unless otherwise instructed, the raw material in embodiments herein is bought by commercial sources, wherein,
Sawdust：Tai'an Ai Feng commerce and trade Co., Ltd；
Ashes：Lingshou County Yuan Tong Mineral Products Trades Co., Ltd；
Urea：Tianjin Ninghe County capital goods in the agricultural sector Co., Ltd；
Pyroligneous liquor：Shijiazhuang Hong Sen activated carbons Co., Ltd；
Humic acid：Wuhai City Lv Xin sources humic acid Co., Ltd；
Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi：Beijing North Na Chuanlian Bioteknologisk Institut.
Embodiment 1
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 320g and ashes 180g are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) urea 2g is dissolved in 90mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor 0.2g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), is stirred evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor, and will be mixed
It closes liquid to drench in the mixture of step 1), stir evenly.
Embodiment 2
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 320g, ashes 180g and 60g humic acid are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) urea 2g is dissolved in 100mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor 0.2g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), is stirred evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor, and will be mixed
It closes liquid to drench in the mixture of step 1), stir evenly.
Embodiment 3
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 320g, ashes 180g and 60g humic acid are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) urea 2g is dissolved in 100mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor 0.2g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), is stirred evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor, and will be mixed
It closes liquid to drench in the mixture of step 1), stir evenly；
4) it in the mixture for being prepared into Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi 0.2g additions step 3), stirs evenly.
Embodiment 4
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 300g and ashes 100g are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) urea 3g is dissolved in 72mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor 0.3g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), is stirred evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor, and will be mixed
It closes liquid to drench in the mixture of step 1), stir evenly.
Embodiment 5
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 360g and ashes 160g are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) urea 1g is dissolved in 94mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor 0.1g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), is stirred evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor, and will be mixed
It closes liquid to drench in the mixture of step 1), stir evenly.
Embodiment 6
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 300g, ashes 200g and 70g humic acid are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) urea 2.5g is dissolved in 103mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor 0.2g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), is stirred evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor, and will be mixed
It closes liquid to drench in the mixture of step 1), stir evenly.
Embodiment 7
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 360g, ashes 160g and 50g humic acid are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) urea 1g is dissolved in 103mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor 0.15g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), is stirred evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor, and will
Mixed liquor is drenched in the mixture of step 1), is stirred evenly.
Embodiment 8
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 310g, ashes 200g and 70g humic acid are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) urea 3g is dissolved in 103mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor 0.25g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), is stirred evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor, and will
Mixed liquor is drenched in the mixture of step 1), is stirred evenly；
4) it in the mixture for being prepared into Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi 0.3g additions step 3), stirs evenly.
Embodiment 9
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 330g, ashes 160g and 50g humic acid are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) urea 1.5g is dissolved in 103mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor 0.1g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), is stirred evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor, and will be mixed
It closes liquid to drench in the mixture of step 1), stir evenly；
4) it in the mixture for being prepared into Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi 0.1g additions step 3), stirs evenly.
Comparative example 1
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 360g and ashes 160g are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) urea 1g is dissolved in 94mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
3) urea liquid prepared in step 2) is drenched in the mixture of step 1), stirred evenly.
Comparative example 2
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) sawdust 360g and ashes 160g are sufficiently mixed, it is spare；
2) pyroligneous liquor 0.2g is dissolved in 94mL water, is prepared into pyroligneous liquor dilution；
3) the pyroligneous liquor dilution prepared in step 2) is drenched in the mixture of step 1), stirred evenly.
Comparative example 3
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) urea 2g is dissolved in 65mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
2) pyroligneous liquor 0.2g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), stirs evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor；
3) it and by mixed liquor drenches in 360g sawdusts, stirs evenly.
Comparative example 4
Targeting cultivation matrix is prepared according to following steps：
1) urea 2g is dissolved in 29mL water, is prepared into urea liquid；
2) pyroligneous liquor 0.2g is added in the urea liquid prepared in step 2), stirs evenly, is prepared into mixed liquor；
3) it and by mixed liquor drenches in 160g sawdusts, stirs evenly.
It is given below using the targeting cultivation matrix prepared in embodiment and comparative example as the experimental example of experimental subjects, experimental example
Employed in control matrix source it is as follows：
Compare matrix 1：The emerging agriculture Nutrition Soil of Zhenjiang Xing Nong Co., Ltds production mainly includes high grade activated carbon 20%, treasure
Pearl rock 15%, decomposed straw 15%, schlempe 25%, chicken manure 5%, mushroom leftover bits and pieces 20%.PH value is 5.5-7.5, organic
Matter content >=45% contains the various trace elements such as a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, copper, magnesium, manganese, total nutrient >=2%.
Compare matrix 2：The blueberry compost of Dalian beautiful and fragrant flowers gardening Co., Ltd production, mainly includes：Leaf mould 40%, tree
Skin compost 5%, turf 5%, perlite 25%, volcanic sand 10%, humic acid 10%, organic fertilizer 5%.PH value is 4.5-5.8.
It tests in after December blueberry fallen leaves, experimental subjects is the raw magnificent pot seedling of perseverance Dao Danlin 6 years, and matrix used is divided
Matrix 1-2, contrast media 1-4 and the special targeting cultivation matrix 1-9 of blueberry Wei not compareed.Experiment sets 15 processing, each handles 3
A repetition, it is each to repeat 10 plants, totally 450 plants.Matrix 4kg is added, then plant is colonized in transplanting vessel in each plantation vessel
In, when field planting, sprinkles profoundly water.
Test tracking situation：
First, matrix physicochemical character detects
With the container of a known volume, matrix is loaded onto, vessel port is encased with moistening gauze, gauze weight is ignored not
Meter, then container is impregnated, make the abundant saturation of matrix, weigh in water, is w1.Inverted container flows to end moisture, weighs, and is
w2.It weighs after air-drying matrix, is w3；Unit weight=w3/v；General porosity=【(w1-w3)/v】× 100%；Ventilation voidage=
【(w1-w2)/v】× 100%；
Water-holding porosity=total porosity-aeration porosity；EC values are measured uses conductivity gauge method with reference to GB/T1107-2008
It measures.
Test result is as shown in the following Table 1：
Table 1
Unit weight can reflect the loose consolidation degree of matrix, and unit weight is excessive, and matrix compares consolidation, is not easy water-permeable and air permeable；Hold
Weight is too small, and matrix is not easy retain water and nutrients than more loose.In 15 are detected object, the matrix that is prepared in the embodiment of the present invention,
Processing unit weight is in 0.3-0.6g/cm3Between, grow most suitable unit weight 0.1-0.8g/cm in blueberry3Range intervals, indigo plant can be met
Demand of the certain kind of berries root system to oxygen convenient for elongation growth, and can reach the purpose of retain water and nutrients.Comparative example 2 and comparative example 4, unit weight
Respectively 0.982g/cm3And 0.879g/cm3, permeability is poor.The processing unit weight of contrast media is respectively less than 0.2g/cm3, matrix
Nutrient and moisture are easy to run off.
All it is higher than 20% in the aeration porosity of entire test process, water-holding porosity is higher than 25%, can meet blueberry life
Long demand.Embodiment total porosity is all higher than 75%, can preferably meet the needs of blueberry is to water, air.And comparative example and
1 general porosity of contrast media is less than 75%, and relative to embodiment water supply fertilizer conservation, aeration effect is poor.
Conductivity influences the supply potentiality of nutrient, including all soluble ion and nutrient.Entire test process conductance
Rate is below 2.5ms/cm, will not salinity be caused excessively to accumulate.Embodiment is relative to comparative example with compareing matrix, conductivity
Slightly larger, there are more nutrients, can better meet blueberry growth demand.
2nd, the variation of cultivation mesostroma pH value
It is measured with reference to NY/T1377-2007 using Potentiometric Determination pH, weighs 10g and air-dry matrix sample, be placed in 50ml's
In beaker, and add in 25ml water.It is acutely shaken after beaker is sealed 5 minutes, after standing 1 hour, inserts electrodes into solution, treat
PH is read after stable reading.Monthly substrate pH was measured in 5th, terminated in 11 parts March.As a result it is (horizontal as shown in the following Table 2
3.5 in the column date refer to March 5, and 4.5 refer to April 5, rear same)：
Table 2
| Processing the date | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| Embodiment 1 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.1 |
| Embodiment 4 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.2 |
| Embodiment 5 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.2 |
| Embodiment 6 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.0 |
| Embodiment 7 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.2 |
| Embodiment 8 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 |
| Embodiment 9 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.3 |
| Comparative example 3 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.6 |
| Comparative example 4 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.3 |
| Compare matrix 1 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 6.5 |
| Compare matrix 2 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 6.8 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 6.0 |
Acid water in periodically pouring in the course of cultivation, as can be seen from the above table, the pH value of each processing is all floated.
The pH value of embodiment matrix is acidity, and with higher buffer capacity.PH value changes width in the course of cultivation for embodiment processing
Degree is little, can keep the stabilization of pH, be maintained at the optimum growth scope of blueberry.The pH stability of wherein implementation 3 is best,
It is maintained at 5.1-5.4.Compare that substrate pH amplitude of variation is larger, up to 7.2 when compareing the pH value high temperature in July of matrix 1, and most
Change 1.2 each pH value when low, the difference in pH of control matrix 2 is up to 1.9.
3rd, upgrowth situation measures
Plant vertical height (plant height) is measured before growth period starts and with meter ruler after growth period, stem neck is measured with slide calliper rule
Locate diameter (stem is thick).Increment=growth period starts to be worth after preceding value-growth period；After the blueberry growth period of 1 year,
With meter ruler measure base life branch it is long, extend branch it is long；Measure survival rate of plant after August part, survival rate=survive plant number/plant plant
Number × 100%.As a result as shown in the following Table 3：
Table 3
| Measure object | Plant height cm | The thick cm of stem | The long cm of base life branch | Extend branch cm | Survival rate % |
| Embodiment 1 | 26.3b | 0.41a | 24.0a | 19.2a | 100 |
| Embodiment 2 | 28.9b | 0.44a | 24.4a | 19.6a | 100 |
| Embodiment 3 | 31.5a | 0.46a | 25.9a | 20.7a | 100 |
| Embodiment 4 | 26.4b | 0.43a | 23.9a | 18.9a | 100 |
| Embodiment 5 | 27.0b | 0.42a | 24.0a | 18.8a | 100 |
| Embodiment 6 | 26.8b | 0.43a | 24.1a | 19.4a | 100 |
| Embodiment 7 | 27.9b | 0.42a | 24.4a | 19.2a | 100 |
| Embodiment 8 | 30.8a | 0.45a | 25.7a | 19.7a | 100 |
| Embodiment 9 | 30.6a | 0.45a | 24.8a | 19.6a | 100 |
| Comparative example 1 | 22.3c | 0.29c | 16.7c | 13.1c | 96 |
| Comparative example 2 | 20.6c | 0.18c | 18.5c | 18.1b | 98 |
| Comparative example 3 | 21.7c | 0.17c | 20.0b | 14.4c | 94 |
| Comparative example 4 | 21.6c | 0.17c | 19.2c | 17.8b | 96 |
| Compare matrix 1 | 22.5c | 0.38b | 21.1b | 17.1b | 90 |
| Compare matrix 2 | 19.7d | 0.34b | 20.7b | 17.0b | 94 |
Find out from the growth increment analysis of plant height, treated that growth increment is all larger for embodiment, and height growth is big
In 25cm, stem girth growth amount is all higher than 20cm, is significantly higher than and compares example with compareing matrix.Embodiment 8, embodiment 9 are preferable, implement
3 plant height of example, stem girth growth amount are maximum, respectively 31.5cm, 0.46cm.
Embodiment processing equally shows optimal in terms of base gives birth to increment of the branch with extending two, branch.3 base of embodiment gives birth to branch
Increment and extension branch growth amount all highest, respectively 25.9cm, 20.7cm, are handled higher than other in embodiment, but without notable
Difference.The base life branch growth amount for compareing matrix is respectively 21.1cm, 20.7cm, and there are significant differences with embodiment group.Comparative example
Group base life branch growth amount is minimum, is handled with embodiment, compareing matrix treatments, there are significant differences.
Embodiment handles survival rate of plant up to 100%, higher than comparative example group with compareing matrix.Wherein compare matrix 1
Survival rate is minimum, and only 90%.
It can thus be seen that Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi is assisted with sawdust, urea, pyroligneous liquor, ashes and humic acid
Together, dip dyeing blueberry root, contributes to absorption of the blueberry to nutrient, has the growth potential of enhancing plant, improves root system environment
The effects that.
4th, root activity measures
Test method is to weigh the fresh root system sample 0.5g of blueberry, is put into 0.4% TTC solution and phosphate buffer
In equivalent mixed liquor, preserved 1 hour under the conditions of 37 DEG C, reaction terminated with the sulfuric acid of a concentration of 1mol/L of 2ml, take out root system and with
Ethyl acetate, a small amount of quartz sand are ground together.By acetic acid ethyl acetate extract under the 485nm wavelength of 721 spectrophotometers colorimetric,
Tetrazole also commercial weight is asked according to standard curve, according to formula：Tetrazole reduction intensity (ug/gh)=tetrazole also commercial weight/(root
Weight × the time), tetrazole reduction intensity is the index of root activity.
Root activity level not only directly affects growth, nutrition condition and the yield level of aerial part, and also reflects
Root growth situation and the absorbability to various nutrients.From figure 1 it appears that embodiment processing root activity is most
Height, wherein embodiment 3, embodiment 8 and embodiment 9 are due to the addition of Ericaceae bacterium, and root activity is better, respectively
TPF/ plants of h, 145.68ug TPF/ plants of h, 145.75ug TPF/ plant h of 149.78ug, be significantly higher than comparative example processing with
Compare matrix treatments.The root activity for compareing matrix 1 is minimum, only 89.77ug TPF/ plants of h.Improve the ventilation of matrix
Property, the content of organic matter is also improved, while improves the matrix situation of blueberry growth, increases blueberry root activity, has
Help blueberry growth.
5th, yield and quality determination
It Preservation Treatment and is deposited in 4 DEG C of incubators after the Blueberry harvesting obtained after different substrates processing, after transporting back.
Fruit is hindered in rejecting, selects the fresh fruit of size, uniform color, measurement quality index.
Soluble solid content is measured with reference to standard GB/T/T12295-90, is measured using refractometer method；Total acid contains
Amount is measured with reference to standard GB/T/T12456-90 using indicator method；Content of reducing sugar measure reference standard GB/T/
T500917-2008 is measured using direct titrimetric method, and cane sugar content is with reference to national standard, GB/T500918-2008, using acidolysis
Water law measures, total reducing sugar=reduced sugar+sucrose；Vc assays are surveyed with reference to GB/T6195-86 using 2.6 dichloroindophenol titrations
It is fixed.As a result see that (data analysis carries out significance of difference detection, LSD Multiple range tests, same column difference alphabet to following table 4 with SPSS
Show 0.05 horizontal upper significant difference).
Table 4
As can be seen from the above table, the embodiment processing equal yield of strain is all higher than 5kg, wherein 3 single plant yield highest of embodiment, reaches
5.29kg, embodiment 5 are that single plant yield is minimum in embodiment processing, are 5.06kg.All it is significantly larger than comparative example with compareing base
Matter.Protein content is between 459.11-531.11mg/100g, and embodiment 3, embodiment 8, embodiment 9 are higher, wherein implementing
3 protein content highest of example is 531.11mg/100g, and control 1 content of matrix is minimum, only 459.11mg/100g.Embodiment 3
Blueberry protein content be significantly higher than comparative example, contrast media, there were significant differences；Embodiment 2, embodiment 8, embodiment
9 total acid contents are higher with total sugar content, are significantly higher than comparative example, contrast media, and wherein 3 total acid content of embodiment contains with total reducing sugar
Amount shows as highest, there is significant flavor characteristic；Embodiment Vc contents reach more than 5.00mg/100g, embodiment 2, reality
It is higher to apply example 8, embodiment 9, wherein 3 content highest of embodiment, be 5.26mg/100g, with comparative example, contrast media has significance difference
It is different；For soluble solid content between 13.74-16.78%, comparative example, contrast media are below 15%, have with embodiment aobvious
Write difference.
To sum up, find out from comparison of the embodiment 1 with contrast media 1, contrast media 2 and contrast media 3, embodiment 1 is bright
It is aobvious to be better than contrast media 1, contrast media 2 and contrast media 3, experiments have shown that：Sawdust, urea and three component of pyroligneous liquor are assisted
Together.Promote organic matter decomposition, increase the content of organic matter in matrix, enhance the stability of matrix pH value.
From embodiment 1 with finding out in the comparison to embodiment 2, embodiment 2 is better than embodiment 1.Experiment proves：Sawdust, stove
Ash, urea, pyroligneous liquor and humic acid constituents are mutually cooperateed with, and improve the content of organic matter, while for carbon activated substrate,
The trace elements such as magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, calcium necessary to blueberry is grown also are provided, and also improve the loose of matrix and row
It is aqueous.
From embodiment 3, embodiment 8, embodiment 9 and embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 4-7 comparison in find out, implement
Example 3, embodiment 8, embodiment 9 test effect be substantially better than other embodiment, the proportioning of embodiment 3 is optimum ratio.Be because
It is cooperateed with for Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi with sawdust, urea, pyroligneous liquor, ashes and humic acid, dip dyeing blueberry root, certainly
Formed mutualistic symbiosis relationship, contributes to absorption of the blueberry to nutrient under the conditions of so, has the growth of enhancing plant
Gesture, the effects that improveing root system environment and enhance resistivity of the plant to pest and disease damage.Experiment proves：Either blueberry growing way is surveyed
Fixed, determination of yield, fruit quality measure or different disposal matrix character compares, and embodiment 3 is put up the best performance effect.
Therefore, the special targeting cultivation matrix reasonable recipe of blueberry, by the synergistic effect of each component, stretches root system of plant
Open up and be attached with very big facilitation, give full play to its fix and holding effect；Simultaneously for root system of plant provide good water,
The conditions such as fertilizer, air and heat, pH value substantially improve the environment of blueberry growth, promote blueberry growth.Especially Ericaceae mycorhiza is true
The application of bacterium not only can be to avoid using sulphur to cause the destruction to soil, also upgrading volume increase, improves the antioxidant activity of blueberry,
It is not effect that soil surpasses soil to give full play to it.It is development blueberry industry technical measures the most cost-effective, to blueberry
Production will have far-reaching influence.The preparation method is simple, is suitble to the needs of scale industrial production.
The above is only several embodiments of the application, any type of limitation is not done to the application, although this Shen
Please disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however not to limit the application, any person skilled in the art is not taking off
In the range of technical scheme, make a little variation using the technology contents of the disclosure above or modification is equal to
Case study on implementation is imitated, is belonged in the range of technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of targeting cultivation matrix, which is characterized in that the targeting cultivation matrix includes following components by weight：Wood
300-360 parts of bits, 160-200 parts of ashes, 1-3 parts of urea, 0.1-0.3 parts of pyroligneous liquor.
2. targeting cultivation matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the targeting cultivation matrix is included by weight
The following components of meter：310-330 parts of sawdust, 170-190 parts of ashes, 1.5-2.5 parts of urea, 0.15-0.25 parts of pyroligneous liquor.
3. targeting cultivation matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the targeting cultivation matrix further includes by weight
45-70 parts of the humic acid of part meter；
Preferably, the content of the humic acid is 55-65 by weight parts.
4. targeting cultivation matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the targeting cultivation matrix further includes by weight
0.1-0.3 parts of the Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi of part meter；
Preferably, the content of the Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi is calculated as 0.15-0.25 parts with its dry weight.
5. targeting cultivation matrix according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi includes film
Peziza fungi, Helotiales fungi, Lachnum category fungi, Mollisia fungi, fungus Mycenae sp, Marasmius fungi,
At least one of Form of Coprinus Fungies.
6. the preparation method of the targeting cultivation matrix in claim 1 to 5 described in any one, which is characterized in that the method
The step of include：
1) sawdust is sufficiently mixed with ashes, it is spare；
2) it is urea is soluble in water, it is prepared into urea liquid；
3) pyroligneous liquor is added in into the urea liquid prepared in step 2), stirs evenly, be prepared into mixed liquor, and by mixed liquor drench into
In the mixture of step 1), stir evenly；
Wherein, the mixing ratio of the sawdust and ashes is (1.5-2): 1, the weight of water is the step 1) in the urea liquid
In 0.15-0.2 times of weight of mixture.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, in the step 2), urea is a concentration of in urea liquid
20-30%, it is preferable that in the mixed liquor in the step 3), a concentration of 2-3% of pyroligneous liquor.
8. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, further included in the step 1), add in humic acid with it is described
Sawdust and the ashes mix jointly, it is preferable that the weight of the humic acid added in is the 30%-40% of the ashes weight.
9. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the method further includes：
Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi is added in the mixture that step 3) is prepared into, stirred evenly by step 4), wherein, it is added in
Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi weight be the ashes weight 0.05%-0.15%.
10. a kind of blueberry plantation substrate, which is characterized in that planted including the targeting described in any one in claim 1 to 5
In the targeting cultivation matrix that at least one of training matrix and/or any one of claim 6 to 9 the method are prepared extremely
Few one kind.
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| CN113615536A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-11-09 | 广东海洋大学 | Formula and preparation process of culture medium for symbiosis of fungi and plants |
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