KR100708387B1 - Fermented fertilizer by the solubilization of fertilizer using microbial bioprocessing and manufacturing method of thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention uses a biological process of fermenting chemical fertilizers into microorganisms, and has a fast-acting and low salt concentration through solubilization of chemical fertilizers, and has a fertilizer having a comprehensive ingredient that can simultaneously supply various components deficient in chemical fertilizers. It relates to a fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method for making. Fermented fertilizer according to the present invention solves the phenomenon that the inactive ingredients of the chemical fertilizer applied in the soil are poorly soluble and fixed in the soil due to poor soil conditions and the lack of the final decomposers in the soil, resulting in salt accumulation and eventually resulting in serial failure. It is decomposed in advance, and it is fast-acting and shows high effect even in a small amount, and contains rhizosphere microorganisms, which promotes growth and inhibits soil infectious diseases. In addition to nutrients, it is a comprehensive nutrient source or fermented fertilizer as a complete food of plants that contains all of the decomposed organic matter, minerals and micronutrients, and can be produced environmentally and at low cost and high efficiency.

Microorganisms, Fermentation Fertilizers

Description

Fermented fertilizer by fertilizer solubilization using microbial process and its manufacturing method {fermented fertilizer by the solubilization of fertilizer using microbial bioprocessing and manufacturing method of

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly fermentation fertilizer prepared by a fermentation process using microorganisms, and more particularly, through fermentation using a microorganism process, it is integrated with a sufficient amount for crop growth with high efficiency and fast efficiency without salt accumulation in soil. It relates to a fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method containing a solubilized fertilizer component that can supply a nutritional source.

In order to increase the demand for high-quality agricultural products and to increase the productivity of the industry, the demand for over-use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers and the processing of concentrated chemicals for the convenience of growth have been rapidly expanded. It has been widely applied to soil. Conventional farming methods concentrated on rich chemical fertilizers and pesticides accelerate salt accumulation in the soil, causing degradation of soil strength and acidification of soil, and inhibiting the microorganisms and soil biosystems, which are the final decomposers, and gradually destroying the soil. It is becoming. In addition to the increased use of pesticides to control pests that occur during the growth of plants, in addition to the increased resistance to pathogen control, the simplification and suppression of useful microorganisms in the soil can lead to a rapid increase in soil pathogens and harmful nematode density. There is a recurring vicious cycle that requires the use of large amounts of pesticides.

In addition, severe salt accumulation due to repeated use of rich organic substances and fertilizers and antagonism of nutrients, resulting in chain failure caused by continuous deficiency of essential nutrients and lack of trace elements, lowers the disease resistance of crops. In addition, poor yields lead to serious problems such as reduced harvests and poor quality and taste. In particular, a large amount of capital is being invested more than necessary for the forces of the unrecovered plants despite the continuous application of expensive agricultural materials, and from an economic point of view, it is possible to analyze the efficiency of such farming methods and to approach them based on the understanding of the economic damage tolerance level. There is a need.

In recent years, with the environmental pollution and the serious problems of crop pollution, the development of farming methods using high-quality organic fertilizer or compost rather than chemical fertilizer or pesticide has spread, and many organic fertilizers have been developed and used. Efforts have been made to improve the compost fermentation methods. Despite these efforts, however, there is a lack of understanding of the underlying causes of the decline in the intellect and the absence of alternatives. The intensive use of organic fertilizers and compost used as an alternative to chemical fertilizers differs only in terms of materials, but in view of restoring the soundness of the soil. Esau is deepening another problem similar to chemicals.

Most compost raw materials are sawdust, various kinds of gourds, food waste, Chinese medicine sludge, fish meal or livestock meal and natural organic materials mixed with them. In order to manufacture such organic fertilizers, fermentation is required for a long time, excessive equipment is required, and the water quality is contaminated with wastewater according to production. If the sawdust is not sufficiently fermented, tannins and lignin may remain to damage the crops, and the livestock and fish meal may cause organic acids to be damaged during the decay process and cause damage to the crop roots. In addition, the quality of organic raw materials used is not constant, and the quality and safety of agricultural materials cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, when the immature fertilizer containing excessive amounts of these organic materials is used for a long time, it is rather converted to salty and fungal soils due to salt concentration. Insults caused by a multitude of fungal pathogens, lack of trace elements or lack of trace elements due to the antagonism between the fertilizer components to damage the growth of crops.

Since natural fertilizers, compost, and chemical fertilizers contain almost no trace elements necessary for plant growth, they are insufficient to function as perfect plant growth nutrients. Too much organic matter is added to supply the nutrients needed by plants. The disadvantage is that it must be done. In particular, since most of the organic materials used as the main raw materials have limitations in being imported, processed and distributed in foreign countries, they are related to intrinsic weakening of agricultural competitiveness.

In order to make up for the drawbacks of organic fertilizers, organic fertilizers have been proposed which include minerals containing large amounts of trace elements. For example, Korean Patent Application No. 91-4797 discloses a plant growth promoting aid using mineral leadstone, and Korean Patent Application No. 84-8433 discloses organic matter for seedlings in which organic matter such as chaff and zeolite and bentonite are mixed. Topsoil is being disclosed. Korean Patent Application No. 83-0633 discloses a mineral growth promoter mainly composed of silica sand and elvan, and Korean Patent Application No. 2000-023644 manufactures biocapsules containing minerals and microorganisms containing a large amount of trace elements. Korean Patent Application No. 2001-6540 discloses a complex soil improvement containing a germanium component, and Patent 10-0368134 discloses a method for producing a fertilizer containing minerals using a filite, a mineral, a germanium, and a chitosan. It is starting.

However, these minerals appear to be meaningful in terms of their components, but may cause problems similar to those of chemical fertilizers in the drawback that crops are not readily available without sufficient degradation or solubilization by microorganisms.

In the availability of fertilizers, when phosphate fertilizers are fertilized in the soil, after 90 days or more, the phosphate fertilizers are solubilized and converted into active phosphoric acid, and the plants begin to absorb. In other words, in order for plants to absorb, they must be effective phosphoric acid aged at least 60 days in the soil and containing at least 3% organic matter. However, in about 45 days, the fertilized phosphoric acid turns into poorly soluble phosphoric acid, which is fixed and accumulated in the soil, which flows when it rains, contaminating rivers and water.

There is also a problem in terms of national economy because such a large amount of fertilizer is only wasted on imports. In addition, due to the undecomposed nitrogen component crops are grown in obesity type, there is a disadvantage that is easily affected by pests.

In the case of chemical fertilizers, only 60% of nitrogen, 20% of phosphoric acid, and 35% of cover are used by this plant, and the remainder is continuously accumulated in the soil. It acts as a major factor to prevent the absorption and release of nutrients, which is the root cause of the expansion of various chain damages.

Chemical fertilizers also have problems with the raw material of chemical fertilizers, but the more fundamental problem is the high efficiency of non-active farming and the ineffectiveness that has accelerated the destruction of microorganisms, which are the final decomposers of input agricultural materials. There is a problem with quintile practices.

An object of the present invention devised to solve the above problems is high fermentation of fertilizers known to be a major source of nutrients but the main cause of soil degradation and soil pollution by fermentation with microorganisms before direct application to plants and applied through the solubilization of fertilizers It can improve the efficiency and achieve the desired purpose in a small amount, and it is fast-acting, there is little salt accumulation, and it is to manufacture fermented fertilizer that can produce clean crops resistant to disease.

In order to achieve the above object, a first embodiment of the present invention is to provide a fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that the fertilizer is mixed or prepared by fermentation of liquid or solid phase in the chemical fertilizer.
The second embodiment of the present invention is to provide a fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that the fertilizer and the fertilizer fertilizer fertilizer for soil improvement and crop growth by mixing the microorganisms in a liquid or solid fermentation.
The third embodiment of the present invention is to provide a fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that the fertilizer and the second material that can be used for pest control by mixing microorganisms in liquid or solid fermentation.

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The fourth embodiment of the present invention is to provide a fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that the fertilizer fertilizer characterized in that the production of liquid or solid fermentation further comprises a first material that can be used for soil improvement and crop growth in the third embodiment. .

The chemical fertilizers are commercial fertilized mineral nitrogen fertilizer, inorganic phosphate fertilizer, inorganic potassium fertilizer, compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, lime fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer and other fertilizers (silicate fertilizer, mineral containing) Fertilizers, zinc fertilizers, etc.) or other synthetic or processed fertilizers, including fertilizers containing other physiologically active substances, and powdered or crushed mineral components containing various minerals active in raw plants. .

The first material that can be used for soil improvement and crop growth is the discharge cost of farm and poultry, fermented urine (livestock manure) and livestock sludge, dried farm discharge fee and dehydrated poultry discharge fee, nitrogenous guano, straw and Compost from wild grass, mushroom cultivation and earthworm farming, fertilizer from organic plant by-products, compost from plant residues, composted livestock manure and organic fertilizers, processed products from slaughterhouses and aquatic processing plants (blood meal, meat meal, bone meal, feathers) Flour, chitosan, crab shell, etc. Sunflower seed, castor, corn germ, wheat germ, tofu, k-bomb, palm oil, etc., seaweed and algae products, sawdust, bark and wood shavings, wood charcoal and wood, natural phosphate, knife Rock and mined potassium salts, sulfuric acid, natural calcium carbonate, magnesium rock, calcareous magnesium rock, magnesium sulfate, natural gypsum, stilridge and stilridge extracts (drinking, beer foil), sun salt, calcium aluminum phosphate, boron, bromine, Trace elements such as iron, manganese, copper, molybdenum, zinc, sulfur, natural rocks, organisms, humus, lime soda chloride, human excreta, by-products of the sugar industry, by-products of the industry processing organic derived materials, wood vinegar , Chitosan or nutrient fertilizer.

The first material is used as a nutritional source of microorganisms to show the soil improvement effect or improve the soil by improving the soil nutritionally or Saturn.

The second material that can be used for pest control is natural preparations extracted from plants and animals, Kuasian preparations, Liania preparations, Neem preparations, beeswax, animal and vegetable oils, algae, seaweed powder, algae extract, salt and Brine, gelatin, phospholipids, casein, vinegar and natural acids, fermentation products of Aspergillus spp., Mushroom extracts, extracts of chlorella, preparations derived from natural plants, natural herbs, herbal and herbal extracts, tobacco leaf tea, minerals, copper Mineral powders such as salt, sulfur, elvan, diatomaceous earth, silicate and bentonite, sodium bicarbonate and quicklime, potassium permanganate, calcium carbonate, paraffin oil and chitosan, and the like.

The second material is used for the suppression of pathogens and pests of plants, characterized in that used before or after fermentation of microorganisms.

The microorganisms are preferably bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and more preferably, rhizosphere microbial (rhizobia) and endogenous microorganism (endophyte) having the ability to fix roots.

The microorganism is characterized in that the fertilizer, the first material and the second material solubilizing and solubilizing the strain having the ability to decompose individually or mixed selectively use.

The fermentation is characterized in that the fermentation for about 2 days to 8 weeks at 10 ~ 80 ℃.

The fermentation fertilizer is applied by adjusting the composition of the temperature, humidity, anaerobic and aerobic conditions such as the concentration of chemical fertilizer, the type of the mixture or the type and concentration of the microorganisms, etc. Characterized in that it takes into account nutritional conditions for microorganisms.

Among the microorganisms, microorganisms capable of decomposing and solubilizing ineffective substances such as urea, phosphoric acid, galley, calcium, and silicates have been known. Fertilizers are also compounds in the air that correlate with these substances, or fertilized rock powders containing them by processing. Therefore, when the microorganism process using the decomposition ability of such microorganisms is introduced into chemical fertilizers, various organic acids or enzymes generated through the metabolism of these microorganisms are microbiologically decomposed under controlled and controlled conditions. For example, it is possible to produce solubilized fertilizers in a short period of time with higher efficiency than degradation processes in soil over long periods of time.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

<Example 1>

First, commercial fertilized nitrogen fertilizers (sulfur, urea, salt, vaginal, lime nitrogen, ammonia water, saltpeter, etc.), phosphate fertilizers (fruit, heavy fruit, yongin, guayan, thomas infer), potassium fertilizer (Potassium chloride, potassium sulfate), lime fertilizer (quick lime, slaked lime, limestone powder, Busan slaked lime), siliceous fertilizer (steel slag siliceous fertilizer, wollastonite fertilizer), magnesium fertilizer (golf sulfate, dolomite powder), compound fertilizer ( The first fertilizer ratio, the second species ratio, the third species ratio, the fourth species ratio) any one or two or more are mixed to prepare a chemical fertilizer preparation in a liquid or solid phase.

Subsequently, microorganisms are mixed in the chemical fertilizer preparation and fermented at 10 to 80 ° C. for about 2 days to 8 weeks to prepare fermented fertilizer.

<Example 2>

The fertilizer preparation of the first embodiment can be used for soil improvement and crop growth, the first material available for farming and poultry, fermented urine (livestock manure) and livestock sludge, dried farm composting and dehydrated poultry Compost, nitrogenous guano, straw and wild grasses, compost from mushroom cultivation and earthworm farming, fertilizer from organic plant by-products, compost from plant residues, composted livestock manure and organic fertilizers, processed products from slaughterhouses and fisheries processing plants (Blood meal, meat meal, bone meal, feather meal, chitosan, crab shell, etc.), organic by-products of food and textile factories, gourds (soybean meal including whole soybeans, perilla jelly, sesame jelly, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, peanut gourd, red pepper seed Gourd, flax, coconut, sunflower seed, castor gourd, corn germ gourd, bovine malt gourd, tofu gourd, kapomil, palm oil gourd), seaweed and algae products, sawdust, bark and wood chips, wood And wood, natural phosphate, potassium rock and mined potassium salts, copper sulfate, natural calcium carbonate, magnesium rock, calcareous magnesium rock, magnesium sulfate, natural gypsum, stilridge and stilridge extracts (drinking and beer foil), sun salt ( Sodium chloride), calcium aluminum phosphate, trace elements (boron, bromine, iron, manganese, copper, molybdenum, zinc, etc.), sulfur, natural rocks (powder, crushed stone or solutions thereof), bentonite, perlite, Natural organisms such as zeolite, peat, vermiculite, peat moss, insects, humus from earthworms or insects, lime soda chloride, human excretion, by-products of sugar industry, organic farming One or two or more of the by-products, wood vinegar, chitosan, or condensed fertilizer of the industrial processing of the derived material are mixed, and mixed so that the microorganisms are evenly mixed to prepare a liquid or solid phase.

Then, fermented fertilizer is prepared by fermentation at 10 ~ 80 ℃ for about 2 days to 8 weeks.

<Example 3>

Natural preparations (Pesticides, Deris formulations), Ku-Asia formulations, Lyanias formulations, Neem formulations, Beeswax, extracted from plants and animals which are the second materials that can be used for pest management in the chemical fertilizer preparation of the first embodiment From animal and vegetable fats and oils, seaweeds, seaweed powder, seaweed extract, salt and brine, gelatin, phospholipids, casein, vinegar and natural acids, fermentation products of Aspergillus spp., Mushroom extracts, extracts of chlorella, natural plants Extracted preparations, natural herbs, herbal medicines and wood vinegar, tobacco leaf tea, minerals (Bordeaux liquid, copper hydroxide and copper chloride, burgundy liquor), copper powder, sulfur powder, mineral powders such as elvan, diatomaceous earth, silicate and bentonite, sodium bicarbonate and quicklime, permanganic acid Any one or two or more of potassium, calcium carbonate, paraffin oil or chitosan are mixed, and the microorganisms are mixed to be evenly mixed to prepare a liquid or solid phase.

Then, fermented fertilizer is prepared by fermentation at 10 ~ 80 ℃ for about 2 days to 8 weeks. Here, the second material may be prepared by mixing after fermentation depending on the function.

<Example 4>

First, the first embodiment further comprises a first material that can be used for soil improvement and crop growth to prepare a liquid or solid phase.

Then, fermented fertilizer is prepared by fermentation at 10 ~ 80 ℃ for about 2 days to 8 weeks.

Preferred Example 4 is 0.1 to 80 parts by weight of chemical fertilizer, 0.1 to 80 parts by weight of the first material that can be used for soil improvement and crop growth, 0.1 to 80 parts by weight of the second material that can be used for pest control. 0.1 to 80 parts by weight of one or more microbial cultures selected from the group consisting of degradation fermentation-related microorganisms are mixed and fermented at about 10 to 80 ° C. for about 2 days to 8 weeks to prepare fermentation fertilizer.

Here, the microorganisms are preferably bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and more preferably, rhizobia or endophyte having a root wound fixation ability.

The fermented fertilizer of the present invention secretes various enzymes and organic acids while using the material obtained through the decomposition process as a nutrient source, and continuously solubilizes and decomposes the mixed chemical fertilizer or other mixed materials and converts them into useful nutrient sources.

Fermented fertilizer of the present invention is decomposed when fertilizer is fertilized in the soil and can be quickly absorbed by plants, so that it is poorly soluble due to the lack of decomposers such as conventional compost, chemical fertilizer, trace element compound fertilizer, etc. It can eliminate damages such as poor or accumulative effects on the roots and the lack of minerals, which can produce crops that are resistant to disease and have a good aroma and taste. In addition, it can produce fresh agricultural products by eliminating the pests of soil and water, and can protect the environment as well as the health of consumers.

In addition, the fermented fertilizer of the present invention has a high content of nutrients, but by fermenting and solubilizing chemical fertilizers known to be the main cause of infertility and soil pollution by using microorganisms in advance, low efficiency due to uncertain decomposition and solubilization in soil By overcoming, the amount of residual accumulation can be dramatically reduced, and the advantages of fastness and storage stability can be obtained. As a result, the amount of fertilizers can be drastically reduced, but by mixing and fermenting various components lacking in chemical fertilizers, the fertilizer can form a low-cost, high-efficiency, environmentally friendly synthetic fertilizer.

Fermented fertilizer according to the present invention can supply the amount of nutrients needed by plants with only a small amount of fertilizer solubilized in advance, and it is possible to maintain the intellect by reducing the burden of soil on fertilizers and soil microorganisms. There is no adverse effect on the group, which helps to restore the diversity of the decomposing root zone microorganisms. There is little immobilization and residual accumulation due to poor solubilization in the soil, which greatly contributes to the revitalization of the soil, and it is possible to switch to low-efficiency, comprehensive farming and to reduce soil and environmental pollution as much as possible. In addition, depending on the fermentation ingredients added to the fertilizer, there is an advantage in that the comprehensive components necessary for cultivation can be pre-disassembled and supplied together. It can also be effective, and it has the advantage of securing competitiveness in the price and quality of the final product.

Claims (15)

Fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that the fermentation is prepared by mixing the microorganisms with chemical fertilizers. Fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that the fertilizer and the soil material and the first material for crop growth by mixing the microorganisms in liquid or solid fermentation. Fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that the fertilizer and the second material for pest control by mixing the microorganisms in liquid or solid fermentation. The method of claim 3, Fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that the production further comprising the first material for soil improvement and crop growth. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The chemical fertilizer is fertilizer fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that any one or two or more of a mixture of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, lime fertilizer, siliceous fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer or a compound fertilizer. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The microorganism is fermented fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that used by mixing any one or two or more of bacteria, fungi or yeast. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The fermentation is fermented fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that carried out for 2 days to 8 weeks at 10 ~ 80 ℃. The method of claim 2, The first material is fermented fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that it is used as a nutrient source of soil improvement and crop growth and microorganisms. The method of claim 2, The first material is compost from farm and poultry compost, fermented urine (livestock manure) and livestock sludge, dried farm compost and dehydrated poultry compost, nitrogenous guano, straw and wild grasses, mushroom cultivation and composting , Fertilizers made from organic farm by-products, compost made from plant residues, composted livestock manure and organic fertilizers, processed products from slaughterhouses and aquatic processing plants (blood meal, meat meal, bone meal, feather meal, chitosan, crab shell, etc.), food Organic by-products and gourds of soybean and textile factories (soybean meal including whole soybeans, perilla jelly, sesame jelly, rapeseed meal, cottonseed gourd, peanut gourd, red pepper seed, flax gourd, palm gourd, sunflower seed gourd, castor gourd) Gourd, wheat germ gourd, tofu gourd, kapomil, palm oil gourd), algae and algae products, sawdust, bark and wood shavings, wood charcoal and wood, natural phosphate, potassium rock and mined potassium salt, sulphate, natural Carbonate knife Trace amounts of calcium, magnesium rock, calcareous magnesium rock, magnesium sulfate, natural gypsum, stilridge and stilridge extracts (drinking and beer gourd), sun salt, calcium aluminum phosphate, boron, bromine, iron, manganese, copper, molybdenum, zinc, etc. Mixes any one or more of elements, sulfur, natural rocks, organisms, humus, lime soda chloride, human excreta, by-products of the sugar industry, by-products of industrial processing of organic-derived materials, wood vinegar, chitosan or manure Fermented fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that used. The method of claim 3, The second material is a fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that it is used for the control of soil infectious pathogens and pests of plants. The method of claim 3, The second material is a fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that used before or after fermentation of microorganisms. The method of claim 3, The second material is a natural preparation (Petongjuk, Deris formulations), Ku asia preparations, Liania preparations, Neem preparations, beeswax, animal and vegetable oils, algae, algae powder, seaweed extract, extracted from plants and animals, Salt and brine, gelatin, phospholipids, casein, vinegar and natural acids, fermented products of Aspergillus spp., Mushroom extracts, extracts of chlorella, preparations from natural plants, natural herbs, herbal and herbal extracts, tobacco leaf tea, Minerals (Bordeaux liquid, copper hydroxide and copper acid chloride, burgundy liquid), copper salt, sulfur, mineral powders such as ganbanite, diatomaceous earth, silicate and bentonite, sodium bicarbonate and quicklime, potassium permanganate, calcium carbonate, paraffin oil or chitosan Fermented fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that it is used by mixing. Fermented fertilizer produced by the fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 4 or 8 to 12. Fermented fertilizer prepared by the fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method of claim 5. Fermented fertilizer prepared by the fermentation fertilizer manufacturing method of claim 6.