CN104085293A - 车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造 - Google Patents

车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造 Download PDF

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CN104085293A
CN104085293A CN201410359546.6A CN201410359546A CN104085293A CN 104085293 A CN104085293 A CN 104085293A CN 201410359546 A CN201410359546 A CN 201410359546A CN 104085293 A CN104085293 A CN 104085293A
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北口朝美
菊池信和
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，该冷却构造包括：进气通道，其具有配置得比后部座位的座椅坐垫靠上方的进气口，将车厢内的空气向蓄电池单元、逆变器单元、及DC‐DC转换器单元供给；冷却风扇，其使冷却风向进气通道流通。用于向进气通道导入空气的开口部在侧座椅靠背内形成，该侧座椅靠背配置于后部座位的主座椅靠背的宽度方向外侧，开口部朝向所述车辆的前方开口且配置得比侧座椅靠背的宽度方向中间位置靠外侧，开口部配置成在从前方看时开口部的至少一部分被设于门框的扶手隐藏。由此，即使是不能设置或未设置座椅侧装饰件的车型，也能够以能确保充足的进气量并避免在乘客上下车时发生接触的方式将向进气通道导入车厢内的空气的开口部配置于后部座位。

Description

车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造
本申请是申请日为2010年6月3日，国家申请号为201080034373.0(国际申请号为PCT/JP2010/059480)，发明名称为“车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，其能够有效地导入对适用于电动汽车或混合动力汽车等车辆的高压电气部件进行冷却的冷却风。
背景技术
例如在混合动力汽车中，在后部座位的座椅靠背后部、行李空间内、或其地板下，搭载有包括作为电动机的驱动能源的蓄电池的高压电气部件。蓄电池是在进行充放电时发热的发热部件，因此需要进行用于维持蓄电池性能的冷却。蓄电池的冷却优选以小的通气阻力对导入的冷却风进行送气而高效地进行冷却，目前已知如下技术：通过冷却风扇从后部座位附近的靠近蓄电池的位置导入车厢内的空气，将该空气作为冷却风向蓄电池供给(例如参照专利文献1)。
图12是表示专利文献1所记载的蓄电池冷却系统的进气口的立体图。该电动汽车中，为了向在后部座位座椅101后侧的行李空间所搭载的蓄电池组供给车厢内的空气作为冷却风，在蓄电池组的冷风通路的上游侧和下游侧配置进气侧和排气侧的通道(duct)，在进气侧的通道的中途介设有冷却风扇。该情况下，进气侧的通道的进气口103在配置于后部座位座椅101的座椅靠背102的侧方的、座椅侧装饰件104的上方部分开口，从而从该进气口103导入车厢内的空气。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本国特许第4114478号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
在专利文献1所记载的蓄电池的冷却构造中，进气口103配置于在后部座位座椅101旁边设置的座椅侧装饰件104，因此，存在因座椅侧装饰件104导致后部座位座椅101的宽度变窄的问题。另外，对于小型车等不具备座椅侧装饰件104的车型，有可能不能配置进气口103，存在改善的余地。
本发明鉴于上述的问题而作出，其目的在于提供一种车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，其即使在不能设置或未设置座椅侧装饰件的车型中，也能够将向进气通道导入车厢内的空气的开口部、以能确保充足的进气量并避免乘客上下车时与开口部接触的方式配置于后部座位。
用于解决问题的手段
为了达成上述目的，技术方案1的发明为一种配置在后部座位(例如后述的实施方式中的后部座位7)的后方的车辆用高压电气部件(例如后述的实施方式中的蓄电池单元21、逆变器单元22、DC-DC转换器单元23)的冷却构造，其特征在于，具备：
进气通道(例如后述的实施方式中的进气通道26)，其具有配置得比后部座位的座椅坐垫(例如后述的实施方式中的座椅坐垫6)靠上方的进气口(例如后述的实施方式中的进气口32)，所述进气通道与所述高压电气部件连通，将车厢(例如后述的实施方式中的车厢9)内的空气作为冷却风向所述高压电气部件供给；
冷却风扇(例如后述的实施方式中的冷却风扇30)，其使所述冷却风向所述进气通道流通，
用于向所述进气通道导入所述车厢内的空气的开口部(例如后述的实施方式中的开口部35)在侧座椅靠背(例如后述的实施方式中的侧座椅靠背4)内形成，该侧座椅靠背配置于所述后部座位的主座椅靠背(例如后述的实施方式中的主座椅靠背5)的宽度方向外侧，
所述开口部朝向所述车辆的前方开口，且配置得比所述侧座椅靠背的宽度方向中间位置靠外侧，
所述开口部配置成在从前方看时所述开口部的至少一部分被设于门框的扶手隐藏。。
技术方案2的发明基于技术方案1的结构，其特征在于，
所述开口部配置得比所述侧座椅靠背的宽度方向中间位置靠外侧。
技术方案3的发明基于技术方案1或技术方案2的结构，其特征在于，
所述开口部的下端部(例如后述的实施方式中的下端部35a)位于比设于门框(例如后述的实施方式中的门框40)的扶手(例如后述的实施方式中的扶手41)靠上方30mm以上的位置。
技术方案4的发明基于技术方案1或技术方案2的结构，其特征在于，
所述开口部配置成在从前方看时所述开口部的至少一部分被所述扶手隐藏。
技术方案5的发明基于技术方案1～技术方案4的任一项的结构，其特征在于，
所述开口部被所述侧座椅靠背的具有透气性的表皮(例如后述的实施方式中的表皮34)覆盖。
技术方案6的发明基于技术方案1～技术方案4的任一项的结构，其特征在于，
所述开口部被形成有大量进气孔(例如后述的实施方式中的进气孔39)的进气格栅(例如后述的实施方式中的进气格栅37)覆盖。
技术方案7的发明基于技术方案1～技术方案6的任一项的结构，其特征在于，
所述侧座椅靠背在内部具有缓冲材料(例如后述的实施方式中的缓冲材料52)，从所述开口部导入的所述空气的进气音被所述缓冲材料吸收。
技术方案8的发明基于技术方案1～技术方案7的任一项的结构，其特征在于，
在所述开口部与所述进气通道的进气口之间设有空隙部(例如后述的实施方式中的空隙部53)。
发明效果
根据技术方案1的发明，能够将向进气通道导入车厢内的空气的开口部设于与蓄电池相邻的后部座位的侧座椅靠背，无需设置座椅侧装饰件，能够扩大后部座位的宽度，能够得到乘坐感觉优良的舒适的车厢内空间，并充分地导入车厢内的空气。这在难以获得设置座椅侧装饰件的空间的小型车中特别有效。另外，通过将开口部设于侧座椅靠背，可避免乘客上下车时与开口部接触。
根据技术方案2的发明，不会出现开口部被乘客的胳膊或肩堵塞，或被非安装状态的座椅安全带堵塞，能够可靠地导入车厢内的空气而对高压电气部件进行冷却。
根据技术方案3的发明，不会出现乘客的肘部碰撞开口部的情况，也不会出现开口部被肘部堵塞的情况，因此能够可靠地导入车厢内的空气。
根据技术方案4的发明，能够防止尘土等从开口部进入，并且即使为了减小进气音而扩大开口部面积，也能够通过扶手隐藏开口部而不使其显眼，提高车厢内的设计性。
根据技术方案5的发明，能够形成用同一表皮覆盖侧座椅靠背整体而形成的具有一体感的结构，提高商品性能。另外，能够通过具有透气性的表皮减小进气音，得到安静的车厢。
根据技术方案6的发明，能够防止尘土等从开口部进入。
根据技术方案7的发明，能够通过侧座椅靠背内部的缓冲材料减小进气音而使车厢内安静。
根据技术方案8的发明，能够使在进气通道内结露的水分向空隙部排水而防止其附着于高压电气部件，能够排除对高压电气部件的不良影响。另外，通过用空隙部构成难以设置能够确保充足的进气量的大小的进气通道的部位，能够在紧凑的车厢内设置进气路。
附图说明
图1是适用了本发明的第1实施方式的混合动力车辆的概略侧视图。
图2是表示图1所示的混合动力车辆的后部的分解立体图。
图3是图2所示的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造的剖视图。
图4是开口部配置得比后部座位的座椅坐垫靠上方的侧座椅靠背的立体图。
图5是表示乘坐于后部座位的乘客与进气通道的位置关系的概略俯视图。
图6的(a)是安装于开口部的进气格栅的立体图，(b)是(a)的VI‐VI剖视图。
图7是开口部配置得比扶手靠上方的后部座位的主视图。
图8的(a)是本发明的第2实施方式的、进气格栅被从后部座位的里侧安装的侧部座椅的立体图，(b)是(a)的VIII‐VIII剖视图。
图9是本发明的第3实施方式的、开口部被具有透气性的表皮覆盖的侧座椅靠背的立体图。
图10是表示本发明的第4实施方式的、在从前方看时开口部与扶手重叠配置的状态的主视图。
图11是本发明的变形例的混合动力车辆的概略侧视图。
图12是现有例的、从客厢侧观察汽车的后部座位座椅的局部立体示意图。
具体实施方式
以下，基于附图对本发明的各实施方式进行详细说明。此外，附图是按照标号的方向来观察的。
(第1实施方式)
如图1所示，本实施方式的车辆1是混合动力汽车，其具备将发动机和电动发电机串联设置的动力单元2，通过电动发电机辅助驱动发动机，并且能够在车辆减速时等回收来自电动发电机的电力。电动发电机(motor generator)例如为三相交流电机，发动机及电动发电机的驱动力被向作为驱动轮的前轮3传递。
在这种车辆1中，在由侧座椅靠背4、主座椅靠背5、及座椅坐垫6构成的后部座位7的主座椅靠背5后部，配置有经由电力线缆8与动力单元2连接的电气部件箱20。
如图2及图3所示，电气部件箱20内置有作为高压电气部件的蓄电池单元21、逆变器单元22、及DC-DC转换器单元23，在从直流电源的蓄电池单元21向电动发电机供电时，通过逆变器单元22从直流变换为交流。
另外，当在车辆1的减速时等将发动机的输出、或车辆1的动能变换为电能而对蓄电池单元21进行蓄电时，电动发电机作为发电机发挥功能而产生所谓的再生制动力，通过逆变器单元22从交流变换为直流而对蓄电池单元21进行蓄电。另外，被逆变器单元22变换后的直流电压为高压，因此其一部分被DC-DC转换器单元23降压。
在这种具备蓄电池单元21、逆变器单元22、及DC-DC转换器单元23的电气部件箱20中，连通有进气通道26，电气部件箱20内被从车辆1的车厢9内导入的冷却风冷却。
电气部件箱20中，在一面具有开放面的大致矩形箱型的收容壳体24内收容蓄电池单元21、逆变器单元22、及DC-DC转换器单元23，该收容壳体24的开放面被螺纹固定于收容壳体24的罩25闭塞，配置于后部座位7的主座椅靠背5后部。
罩25中，在左侧部(图2中为右侧部)一体地设有进气通道26。另外，在收容壳体24的右侧壁28形成有与收容壳体24的内部连通的排气通道27。在作为排气通道27的末端部的排气口29安装有用于对空气进行送风的冷却风扇30。即，进气通道26与电气部件箱20的冷风通路的上游侧连通，排气通道27与电气部件箱20的冷风通路的下游侧连通。
如图4及图5所示，进气通道26是例如由合成树脂以大致S字状弯曲形成的、截面为大致矩形的中空部件，配置于侧座椅靠背4内。
侧座椅靠背4是向主座椅靠背5的车宽方向两外侧纵长地配置的垫部，在俯视时，侧座椅靠背4的比车宽方向中间位置M靠内侧的部分随着远离主座椅靠背5而逐渐向车辆1的前方突出地弯曲形成，侧座椅靠背4的比车宽方向中间位置M靠外侧的部分形成为大致直线状。另外，如图6(b)所示，侧座椅靠背4由例如树脂制的侧部座椅主体33和覆盖其表面的例如具有透气性的布或革等的表皮34构成。
因此，进气通道26的开放端部31配置得比座椅坐垫6靠上方，延伸直至设于侧座椅靠背主体33的开口部35，在开放端部31开口的进气口32与开口部35对置配置。开口部35形成于侧座椅靠背4的比宽度方向中间位置M靠外侧的大致直线状部分，以防止乘客45依靠侧座椅靠背4时被乘客的胳膊或肩46堵塞，或被在非安装状态下垂下的座椅安全带47堵塞。另外，开口部35的下端部35a位于比设于门框(doorlining)40的扶手41靠上方30mm以上的位置(参照图7)，并随着朝向车宽方向内侧逐渐向上方倾斜。
侧座椅靠背主体33的开口部35被形成有用于从车厢9内导入空气的大量进气孔39的进气格栅37覆盖。如图6(a)所示，在侧座椅靠背主体33的开口部35的周缘部形成有多个安装孔36，另外，进气格栅37上形成有具有大致L字型的卡定部38a的多个安装脚38。进气格栅37通过使安装脚38插入侧座椅靠背主体33的安装孔36并使卡定部38a卡合，从而固定于侧座椅靠背主体33。
在这样构成的冷却构造中，若使冷却风扇30旋转，则从进气格栅37导入的车厢9内的冷却风从侧座椅靠背4的开口部35经由进气通道26向电气部件箱20送风。并且，冷却风将蓄电池单元21、逆变器单元22、及DC-DC转换器单元23冷却后，从排气通道27排出。
如以上所说明，根据本实施方式的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，用于向进气通道26导入车厢9内的空气的开口部35形成于在后部座位7的主座椅靠背5的宽度方向外侧配置的侧座椅靠背4内。由此，不需要设置座椅侧装饰件，能够扩大后部座位7的宽度，能够得到乘坐感觉优良的舒适的车厢内空间并能够充分地导入车厢内的空气。这在难以获得设置座椅侧装饰件的空间的小型车中特别有效。另外，通过将开口部35设于侧座椅靠背4，不会出现乘客上下车时与开口部35接触的情况，能够舒适地上下车。
另外，开口部35配置于侧座椅靠背4的比宽度方向中间位置靠外侧的位置。因此，不会出现开口部35被乘客45的胳膊或肩堵塞，或被非安装状态的座椅安全带47堵塞的情况，能够可靠地导入车厢9内的空气，并作为冷却风向电气部件箱20供给而对蓄电池单元21、逆变器单元22、及DC-DC转换器单元23进行冷却。
而且，由于开口部35的下端部35a位于距离设于门框40的扶手41为30mm以上的上方，因此，不会出现乘客45的肘部碰撞开口部35的情况，不会损害舒适的车厢空间。另外，由于开口部35不会被肘部堵塞，因此能够可靠地导入车厢9内的空气。
另外，开口部35被形成有大量进气孔39的进气格栅37覆盖，因此能够防止从开口部35进入尘土等异物。
(第2实施方式)
图8(a)及8(b)表示本发明的第2实施方式的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造。本实施方式的进气格栅37如图8所示，从侧座椅靠背4的背面侧安装。即，在侧座椅靠背4的内侧填充有发泡聚氨酯树脂等缓冲材料52，在配置于该缓冲材料52内的金属丝(wire)50上固定有托架51。该托架51形成有开口部35，在开口部35的周缘部形成有多个安装孔36。进气格栅37通过至少在托架51的后方设置的缓冲材料52的贯通孔52a，从侧座椅靠背4的背面侧将安装脚38插入托架51的安装孔36，并卡合卡定部38a，从而固定于托架51。
另外，进气通道26的进气口32与开口部35分离配置，在进气口32与开口部35之间设有空隙部53。
因此，根据本实施方式的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，侧座椅靠背4在内部具有吸收从开口部35导入的空气的进气音的缓冲材料52，因此能够减小进气音而使车厢9内安静。
另外，在开口部35与进气通道26的进气口32之间设有空隙部53。因此，能够将在进气通道26内结露的水分向空隙部53内排水，防止其附着于在电气部件箱20中内置的蓄电池单元21、逆变器单元22、及DC-DC转换器单元23，能够防止对这些单元21、22、23的不良影响。另外，通过用空隙部53构成难以设置能够确保充足的进气量的大小的进气通道26的狭小部位，能够在紧凑的车辆1内容易地设置能够确保必要的进气量的进气路。
此外，本实施方式中，也可以不在进气口32与开口部35之间设置空隙部53，而与第1实施方式同样，将进气口32与开口部35紧贴配置，能够根据各构件的可配置空间进行适宜变更。
(第3实施方式)
图9表示本发明的第3实施方式的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造。本实施方式中，侧座椅靠背4不具备进气格栅，包括开口部35的侧座椅靠背4的整个面被布等具有透气性的表皮34同样地覆盖。由此，侧座椅靠背4整体能够形成为被同一表皮34覆盖的具有一体感的侧座椅靠背4，提高了商品性能。另外，能够通过具有透气性的表皮34减小进气音，得到安静的车厢。
此外，开口部35优选形成为格子状以在乘客45经由表皮34接触时不会使表皮34大幅度凹陷，也可以在表皮34的内侧安装进气格栅37。
(第4实施方式)
图10表示本发明的第4实施方式的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造。本实施方式的开口部35(进气格栅37)如图10所示，配置成在从前方看时其至少一部分被设于门框40的扶手41隐藏。由此，能够防止尘土等异物从开口部35进入，并且能够由扶手41隐藏开口部35而使其不显眼，提高车厢内设计性。另外，不必担心开口部35被乘客45堵塞，能够确保充足的进气量而有效地进行冷却。
此外，本发明不限于前述的各实施方式，能够适宜进行变形、改良等。另外，本发明能在可实施的范围内将各实施方式组合而应用。本实施方式中，作为适用车辆对混合动力汽车进行了说明，但本发明不限于此，例如也可以适用仅以电动机为驱动源的电动汽车。
另外，上述实施方式中，将电气部件箱20配置于后部座位7的主座椅靠背5后部，但也可以如图11所示，配置于在后部座位7的后方设置的行李空间10的地板下。该情况下，使进气通道26向下方延伸而与高压电气部件(电气部件箱20)连通即可。
本发明基于2009年8月3日申请的日本发明专利申请(日本特愿2009-180967)，在此引用其内容作为参照。
标号说明
1    车辆
4    侧座椅靠背
5    主座椅靠背
6    座椅坐垫
7    后部座位
9    车厢
20   电气部件箱
21   蓄电池单元(高压电气部件)
22   逆变器单元(高压电气部件)
23   DC-DC转换器单元(高压电气部件)
26   进气通道
30   冷却风扇
32   进气口
34   表皮
35   开口部
35a  下端部
37   进气格栅
39   进气孔
40   门框
41   扶手
52   缓冲材料
53   空隙部

Claims (7)

1.一种车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，该车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造配置在后部座位的后方，所述车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造的特征在于，
所述车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造具备：
进气通道，其具有配置得比后部座位的座椅坐垫靠上方的进气口，所述进气通道与所述高压电气部件连通，将车厢内的空气作为冷却风向所述高压电气部件供给；和
冷却风扇，其使所述冷却风向所述进气通道流通，
用于向所述进气通道导入所述车厢内的空气的开口部形成在侧座椅靠背内，所述侧座椅靠背配设于所述后部座位的主座椅靠背的宽度方向外侧，
所述开口部朝向所述车辆的前方开口，且配置得比所述侧座椅靠背的宽度方向中间位置靠外侧，
所述开口部配置成在从前方看时所述开口部的至少一部分被设于门框的扶手隐藏。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，其特征在于，
非安装状态的座椅安全带配置得比所述侧座椅靠背的宽度方向中间位置靠内侧。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，其特征在于，
所述侧座椅靠背的比宽度方向中间位置靠内侧的部分随着远离所述主座椅靠背而逐渐向所述车辆的前方突出地弯曲形成，所述侧座椅靠背的比所述宽度方向中间位置靠外侧的部分形成为大致直线状。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，其特征在于，
所述开口部被所述侧座椅靠背的具有透气性的表皮覆盖。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，其特征在于，
所述开口部被形成有多个进气孔的进气格栅覆盖。
6.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，其特征在于，
所述侧座椅靠背在内部具有缓冲材料，从所述开口部导入的所述空气的进气音被所述缓冲材料吸收。
7.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用高压电气部件的冷却构造，其特征在于，
在所述开口部与所述进气通道的进气口之间设有空隙部。
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