CN103348706A - 用于检测交通工具内的移动装置的存在及控制其操作的设备、系统及方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明揭示用于确定位于交通工具内的预定检测区中的移动装置的存在的设备、系统及方法。检测模块接收通信信号,确定所述通信信号是由位于交通工具内的预定检测区内的移动装置发射,且控制模块将控制信号发射到位于所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置。所述系统进一步包含监视逻辑,所述监视逻辑用以监视所述交通工具的功能系统,从而在所述所监视功能系统被激活且所述检测模块确定所述通信信号是由位于所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置发射时,激活所述控制模块对所述控制信号的所述发射。
Description
技术领域
背景技术
包含(举例来说)蜂窝式电话、智能电话、膝上型计算机、笔记型计算机、平板装置(例如,的iPad)的移动装置(例如无线装置)在现代社会中普遍存在。然而,当操作交通工具时,此些移动装置的使用可为危险的。对于无经验的交通工具操作者(例如刚刚学习如何驾驶的年轻人),所述问题加剧。其中涉及移动装置的交通事故的比率(尤其在青少年中)正在上升。在操作移动的交通工具时进行文本消息收发可为危险的且已与导致事故有联系。更一般来说,在操作交通工具时操作任何键盘均可为危险的。
因此,移动装置的广泛采用及在驾驶时所述装置的常见使用已提高关于驾驶员注意力分散的担忧。在移动电话上通话或进行文本消息收发的驾驶员可在他或她正驾驶时变得从驾驶精神上注意力分散且失去对交通工具的控制。因此,涉及事故的个人正在移动装置上通话或进行文本消息收发而非将注意力集中在道路上并非是不常见的。研究现在表明,在驾驶汽车时在移动电话上通话的个人可与在醉酒时驾驶的人一样有障碍。所述驾驶员不仅在精神上注意力分散,而且所述驾驶员的眼睛转向于拨号、查看传入呼叫来自于谁。
将高度期望检测交通工具内的移动装置(例如无线装置)的存在及控制或停用移动装置的操作。
发明内容
在一个实施例中,提供一种用于确定位于交通工具内的预定检测区中的移动装置的存在的方法。检测模块接收通信信号。所述检测模块确定所述通信信号是由位于交通工具内的预定检测区内的移动装置发射。控制模块将控制信号发射到位于所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置。
附图说明
图1图解说明包含用于在驾驶员座位中容纳个人的驾驶室的交通工具。
图2图解说明移动装置检测与控制系统的一个实施例。
图3图解说明用于检测由移动装置发射的电磁信号所辐射的能量的功率传感器电路的一个实施例。
图4图解说明包括具有与天线串联的扫描仪的调谐电路的功率传感器电路的一个实施例。
图5图解说明用于监视移动装置的上行链路活动的多频带检测器的示意图。
图6图解说明交通工具的包括位于交通工具的仪表盘内的移动装置检测与控制系统的一个实施例的内部部分。
图7图解说明用于确定位于交通工具内的预定检测区中的移动装置的存在的逻辑图的一个实施例。
具体实施方式
本发明描述用于检测移动装置(例如无线装置)的存在且在检测到所述移动装置时控制或停用其操作的设备、系统及方法的实施例。明确地说,本发明涉及用于检测交通工具内的预定位置中的移动装置(例如无线装置)的存在且在于所述预定位置中检测到所述移动装置时停用其一些或所有功能的设备、系统及方法的实施例。更明确地说,本发明涉及自动防止交通工具的驾驶员座位中的人借助移动装置进行文本消息收发及进行其它类似过度危险活动。
应理解,本发明不限于所描述的特定方面或实施例,这是因为此些特定方面或实施例可变化。还应理解,本文中所使用的术语仅为了描述特定方面或实施例的目的,且其并不打算具限制性,这是因为用于检测交通工具内的移动装置的存在且在检测到所述移动装置时控制其操作的设备、系统及方法的范围仅由所附权利要求书界定。
在一个实施例中,本发明提供用于检测且限制交通工具内的移动装置的使用的设备、系统及方法,而无论所述交通工具是移动的还是固定的。移动装置(例如无线装置)可包含但不限于(举例来说)蜂窝式电话、智能电话、膝上型计算机、笔记型计算机、平板装置(例如,的iPad)、以及用户可在其装载于交通工具中时与之交互作用的其它无线移动装置。在一个实施例中,由位于交通工具内的至少一个传感器检测交通工具的驾驶员侧区域中的移动装置的存在。当检测到移动装置的存在时,相对于位于交通工具的驾驶员侧区域中的人但不相对于位于交通工具的其它区域中的其它人控制、停用或修改移动装置的操作。
图1图解说明包含用于在驾驶员座位106中容纳个人的驾驶室104的交通工具100。应了解,根据本发明,术语交通工具在广义上使用且打算包含任何种类的交通运输工具。举例来说,交通工具100可为任何类型的汽车、卡车、运动型多用途交通工具、飞机、船舶、宇宙飞船或任何其它交通运输构件或其组合,其中将检测且控制驾驶员使用移动装置的通信。
安置于交通工具100的仪表盘108上或仪表盘108内的是移动装置检测与控制系统102。在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102经配置以检测位于交通工具100的驾驶员座位106侧中的移动装置的存在且通过以下方式控制所述移动装置的操作:人为干扰所述移动装置、人为干扰所述移动装置的特定功能或方面或者将所述移动装置的操作重新引导到免提交替系统。在其它实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102的至少一些元件或组件可位于交通工具100的其它区域中。
尽可能接近于驾驶员放置移动装置检测与控制系统102的检测及人为干扰元件可为合意的。举例来说,移动装置检测与控制系统102的传感器及方向天线可位于接近于驾驶员座位106处。此配置提供对交通工具100的驾驶员座位106侧中的移动装置的存在的更精确检测,且防止干扰位于交通工具100内的其它移动装置或其它人以允许乘客座位中的人使用移动装置同时驾驶员不能使用。其它元件或组件(例如控制逻辑)可位于交通工具100的远离驾驶员座位106的其它位置中。
在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102经配置以检测来自位于检测区中或接近于检测区处的移动装置的信号发射。根据所描述的实施例,检测区界定为大致在交通工具100的驾驶员座位106侧中或接近于所述侧处的区。然而,在其它实施例中,检测区可在不具有限制的情况下为交通工具100内的任何预界定区。在一个方面中,移动装置检测与控制系统102的检测部分可经调谐以检测在共用蜂窝式通道中操作的常规移动电话所使用的频带中的信号发射。一旦检测到信号,移动装置检测与控制系统102即以一种或一种以上方式无线地控制移动装置的操作。举例来说,在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102发射控制信号以借助于干扰移动装置的通信机构的人为干扰信号停用移动装置的操作。在发射人为干扰信号时,使移动装置或检测区内的其它通信装置变得不可操作或可仅以有限容量的状态操作。人为干扰信号通过在移动装置所使用的一个或一个以上通道上传播噪音或其它信号而强制地干扰移动装置的通信机构。在其它实施例中,人为干扰信号可被移动装置解读以停用移动装置的一个或一个以上功能。在此实施例中,人为干扰信号可经由辅助通道(例如蓝牙无线连接或辅助主要蜂窝式通信通道的任何其它连接)传送到移动装置。在一些实施例中,人为干扰模块可仅在移动装置的主要通信通道上通信或除一个或一个以上辅助通道之外还可在所述主要通信通道上通信。
因此,移动装置检测与控制系统102可完全阻挡在移动装置上接收或发送呼叫的能力,或充分干扰移动装置信号以便使移动装置使用不合意。举例来说,如果人为干扰信号仅中断对话的一充分部分,那么用户将仅推迟对话或把车开到路边因此对话可不间断地继续。在另一实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102可停用移动装置的特定组件或功能的操作。举例来说,可人为干扰移动装置的键盘部分以防止用户使用移动装置的文本消息收发功能。在另一实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102可将移动装置的操作引导为免提操作。下文中更详细论述这些及其它实施例。
在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102通过发射探测信号起始检测过程以检测检测区内的移动装置的存在。一旦发射探测信号,检测与控制系统102即等待由移动装置反映的回波信号或由移动装置发射的响应信号。如果检测与控制系统102检测到移动装置的回波信号或发射,那么检测与控制系统102发射控制信号以控制移动装置的操作。举例来说,在一个实施例中,检测与控制系统102发射控制信号以借助于干扰移动装置的通信机构的人为干扰信号停用移动装置的操作。在另一实施例中,检测与控制系统102可将通信重新路由到免提系统,例如蓝牙通信系统。
图2图解说明移动装置检测与控制系统102的一个实施例。在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102经配置以检测位于交通工具100的驾驶员座位106区域中或接近于所述区域处的移动装置200的存在。一旦检测到移动装置200,移动装置检测与控制系统102即经配置以控制移动装置200的操作。在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102包括检测器模块202及耦合到检测器模块202的控制模块204。检测器模块202包括用以从移动装置200接收信号发射的多频带天线208,且控制模块204包括用以将控制信号发射到移动装置200的天线210。在各种实施例中,检测器模块202及控制模块204可在这些组件位于接近于彼此处时共享天线。
在各种实施例中,移动装置200可实施为手持便携式装置、计算机、移动电话(有时称为智能电话)、平板个人计算机(PC)、膝上型计算机或其任何组合。举例来说,智能电话的实例包含产片(例如智能电话)(现在是惠普公司或HP)、智能电话、摩托罗拉等等。平板装置包含的平板计算机及更一般来说一类轻量便携式计算机(称为小笔电)。在一些实施例中,移动装置200可包括或实施为任何类型的无线装置、移动站或具有自备电源(例如,电池)的便携式计算装置,例如膝上型计算机、超膝上型计算机、具有通信能力的个人数字助理(PDA)、蜂窝式电话、组合蜂窝式电话/PDA、移动单元、订户站、用户终端、便携式计算机、手持式计算机、掌上型计算机、可佩戴式计算机、媒体播放器、寻呼机、消息收发装置、数据通信装置等等。
在一个实施例中,检测器模块202经配置以检测位于界定为驾驶员座位106内或接近于所述驾驶员座位处的三维区的检测区220内的移动装置200的存在。检测移动装置200的存在的方法可基于移动装置200所使用的无线技术通信标准而变化。举例来说,美国可使用的无线技术通信标准的实例可包含码分多址(CDMA)系统、全球移动通信系统(GSM)系统、北美数字蜂窝式(NADC)系统、时分多址(TDMA)系统、扩展TDMA(E-TDMA)系统、窄带高级移动电话服务(NAMPS)系统、3G系统(例如宽带CDMA(WCDMA))、4G系统、CDMA-2000、通用移动电话系统(UMTS)系统、集成数字增强网络(iDEN)(TDMA/GSM变化形式)等等。这些无线通信标准完全为所属领域的技术人员所熟悉。由移动装置200发射的无线电频率(RF)信号的频率及信号强度取决于网络类型及通信标准。一般来说,检测器模块202检测由移动装置200发射的RF信号或仅电磁能量辐射。因此,在一个实施例中,检测器模块202可经配置以锁定特定蜂窝式频率或蜂窝式频带,或者可经配置以扫描所有可用蜂窝式频率或蜂窝式频带且锁定由移动装置200发出的RF信号。
在一个实施例中,检测器模块202可包括耦合到多频带天线208的传感器模块216。传感器模块216可经调谐以检测处于由移动装置200发出且由天线208接收的电磁信号206(例如,RF信号)中的预定信号强度的能量。应了解,当移动装置200进行出局呼叫或以其它方式与蜂窝式基站通信(例如,搜寻基站信号或与基站或小区接触)时,由移动装置200发出的电磁信号206所辐射的信号强度或能量的功率将最大。当移动装置200关断时或当其不与蜂窝式基站通信时,电磁信号206中辐射非常少能量。在后一种情形中,当移动装置200接通但不与蜂窝式基站通信时,仅在检测器模块202包括极敏感组件的情况下,可能检测到移动装置200。最常规移动装置200在介于从约0.5毫瓦(mW)到约数百mW之间的功率电平下辐射能量。具有适合敏感性的检测器模块202可经配置以检测此功率电平范围中的电磁信号206。许多无线电电子装备能够检测电磁信号206中的低电平功率且为以下各项的一个原因:航空公司对在关键飞行时刻操作的电子装备非常敏感、在爆炸现场附近应关断某一电子装备且在一些类型的医院装备周围应关断蜂窝式电话。
众所周知,移动装置200(例如,举例来说,使用GSM标准的蜂窝式电话)产生可检测无线电干扰。GSM蜂窝式电话的用户众所周知,如果在电子装置(例如,举例来说,无线电接收器、立体声系统、电视机、有线/固定电话或甚至另一GSM蜂窝电话)近处使用蜂窝式电话,那么来自所述GSM蜂窝电话的无线电发射可由所述电子装置无意中“拾取”且可在所述电子装置内部产生与无线电发射的包络成比例的信号。事实上,此通常无用信号可甚至扰乱电子装置的操作。举例来说,以下情况特别众所周知,GSM蜂窝式电话对心脏起搏器的佩戴者产生潜在危险,这是因为如果所述电话非常接近佩戴者的胸部,那么GSM信号可扰乱适当起搏器操作。
在一个实施例中,传感器模块216经配置以利用由移动装置200在其与蜂窝式基站通信时产生的电磁信号206的可检测无线电干扰。当检测器模块202的传感器模块216检测到电磁信号206时,假设存在位于检测区220内(即,在驾驶员座位106中或接近于所述驾驶员座位处)的移动装置200,且将信号212传送到控制模块204。人为干扰模块218经安置以与控制模块204通信。在一个实施例中,当控制模块204从检测模块接收信号212时,人为干扰模块218经由天线210发射可仅由位于检测区220中时的移动装置200检测到的人为干扰信号214。在各种实施例中,电磁人为干扰信号214可为停用移动装置200的操作、可停用移动装置200的特定功能性或可将移动装置200的操作重新引导为免提操作的信号。控制模块204可经安置以与交通工具100的系统(例如点火系统224、齿轮箱226或多种传感器228)通信。控制模块204逻辑除检测移动装置200的存在之外还接着监视交通工具100的系统的功能。因此,人为干扰模块218将仅在交通工具100的所监视功能被激活时激活。举例来说,当传感器模块216检测到检测区220中的移动装置200的存在时,人为干扰模块218将仅在发动交通工具100时、在将交通工具100移出停车场或以其它方式挂档时或者在一个或一个以上传感器检测到交通工具100的操作时激活。
在一个实施例中,传感器模块216可包括用以收获由移动装置200发射的电磁信号206中的能量的能量收获机。能量收获机在天线208处接收辐射能量且将所述能量转换成电压电位以激励检测器模块202并将信号212传送到控制模块204。在其它实施例中,能量收获机可与传感器模块216分离,且由能量收获机产生的电压电位可用以激励传感器模块216。在任一实施例中,采用由能量收获机产生的电压电位来确定检测区220中的移动装置200的存在。因此,传感器模块216的敏感性经调整以使得能量收获机仅对通常在移动装置200位于检测区220内时发生的辐射能级敏感,且不对由位于检测区220外部的移动装置222发射的电磁能量敏感。以此方式,乘客可在不触发检测器模块202的情况下在检测区220外部自由使用其移动装置222。
在其它实施例中,检测器模块202可耦合到交通工具100的电系统且由交通工具电池供电,或可由单独电池供电。在此些实施例中,检测器模块202包括测量由移动装置200发射的电磁信号206的功率的频率扫描与功率电平测量模块。因此,检测器模块202的敏感性可经调谐以在检测器模块202检测到对应于位于检测区220中的移动装置200的发射功率电平时触发检测信号212,而不针对对应于位于检测区220外部的移动装置222的发射功率电平触发检测信号212。此可通过以下方式实现:策略性地定位方向多频带天线208以使得其对由位于检测区220中的移动装置200辐射的发射功率电平最敏感且对位于检测区220外部的移动装置222的发射功率电平最不敏感。
在一个实施例中,控制模块204可包括耦合到天线210的通信人为干扰模块218。人为干扰模块218经安置以与天线210通信。天线210发出人为干扰信号214以借此扰乱移动装置200信号且防止或以其它方式干扰与移动装置200进行呼叫或接收呼叫的能力。人为干扰模块218及天线210可由交通工具100的电系统供电,或可由单独电池供电。人为干扰模块218可为发射致使移动装置200的干扰或不可操作性的人为干扰信号214的任何装置。在一些实施例中,人为干扰模块218可广播经选择以干扰移动装置200的通信频率中的一者或一者以上的噪音或专门信号。举例来说,人为干扰模块218可在蜂窝式电话系统的控制通道频率上广播噪音或重复干扰信号。在一些实施例中,人为干扰模块218可在窄频带上发射,而在其它实施例中可选择非常宽频带。用于通过人为干扰模块218干扰移动装置200的精确方法取决于移动装置200的发射及接收特性。所属领域的技术人员可针对所预期的任何特定移动装置200使用任何适当人为干扰模块218。
根据一个方面,人为干扰模块218可安装于交通工具100中。当激活时,人为干扰模块218抑制借助位于检测区220中的移动终端200发送或接收移动电话呼叫的能力。取决于人为干扰模块218的瓦特数(或方向天线的使用),可控制其中人为干扰移动装置200的区。因此,举例来说,人为干扰模块218可经设定以针对距人为干扰装置218的位置1英尺到3英尺的空间或沿干扰驾驶员接收电话呼叫、拨出电话呼叫或发送文本消息的能力但不干扰其它乘客接收或起始移动电话呼叫或发送文本消息的能力的方向有效地人为干扰来往于移动装置200的电话呼叫。
在一个实施例中,天线210可定位于交通工具100的仪表盘下方或在驾驶员侧挡风玻璃上。或者,方向天线可放置于驾驶员座位中以干扰驾驶员进行呼叫或发送文本消息。
在一个实施例中,控制模块204可用以防止交通工具100的操作者在于检测区220中检测到与点火开关、变速箱开关或其它车载传感器机构组合的移动装置200时通信。在一个实施例中,可监视点火开关以致使人为干扰模块218仅在于交通工具100的驾驶员座位106侧中检测到移动装置200且点火开关被接通时广播,此将需要交通工具100的操作者关停交通工具100以建立外部通信。人为干扰模块218将防止任何进一步通信直到关停交通工具100。在另一实施例中,可仅在于检测区220中检测到移动装置200且交通工具100中的自动变速箱被移出“停车场”且移动到其中交通工具100可移动的位置中时激活人为干扰模块218。当此系统在适当位置中时,交通工具100的操作者必须停止交通工具100且将变速箱移动到“停车场”或关断发动机以操作移动装置200。
在一个实施例中,人为干扰模块218可经配置以在交通工具100的界限内操作。在一些情形中,耦合到控制模块204的人为干扰模块218的天线210可配置有预定功率电平及方向属性以仅在检测区220中引导人为干扰信号214以使得交通工具100的其它占据者可继续操作其它移动装置222。在此些情形中,人为干扰信号214可通常局限于交通工具100的检测区220内。在一些实施例中,人为干扰信号214可局部化于交通工具100内的其它区域以使得停用所述区域中的移动装置的操作,但使所述区域外部的其它移动装置保持操作。
在各种实施例中,天线210及人为干扰信号214的功率电平可经配置以将人为干扰信号非常精确地递送到检测区220。在一个实施例中,此可借助位于交通工具100内的方向天线实施,其中最大人为干扰被递送到检测区220且最小人为干扰功率递送于人为干扰区220外部。在此些实施例中,检测器模块202可经配置以不加选择地检测来自交通工具100内的所有移动装置200、222的任何发射,且人为干扰模块218将仅将人为干扰信号发射到检测区220以在不影响检测区220外部的移动装置222的情况下人为干扰检测区220内的移动装置200。此实施方案将不在乎移动装置是否位于内检测区220内,因此简化检测器模块202的设计。
在一个实施例中,人为干扰模块218可准许移动装置200的传入呼叫但禁止移动装置200的传出呼叫。当检测器模块202检测到来自移动装置200的尝试传出呼叫的电磁信号206中的能量时,信号212激活人为干扰信号214。在此实施例中,检测器模块202可包括用以辨别移动装置200的身份且在确认移动装置200的身份之后启用控制模块204以发射人为干扰信号214的额外模块。
在其它实施例中,传感器模块216可用以检测及准许或拒绝移动装置200的任何类型的操作。举例来说,可由移动装置200接收呼叫,但可人为干扰已拨出呼叫。在另一实例中,可准许拨出一些呼叫(例如紧急呼叫)而人为干扰其它传出呼叫。可通过人为干扰模块218选择性地准许或停用可检测到的移动装置200的任何其它功能。
在一个实施例中,移动装置200可接收人为干扰信号214且在减小的功能模式中操作。举例来说,除911紧急呼叫以外,可禁止移动装置200起始电话呼叫。在另一实例中,可准许移动装置200接收所有呼叫或来自预界定呼叫者列表的呼叫同时禁止拨出呼叫。可使用各种减小的功能模式,且在一些实施例中设定可界定所允许的精确操作。
在一个实施例中,控制模块204通过发射探测信号以检测检测区220内的移动装置200的存在而起始检测过程。一旦发射探测信号,检测器模块202即等待由移动装置200反映的回波信号或由移动装置200发射的响应信号。如果检测器模块202检测到回波信号或移动装置200的发射,那么控制模块204发射控制信号以控制移动装置200的操作。举例来说,在一个实施例中,人为干扰模块218发射控制信号以借助于干扰移动装置200的通信机构的人为干扰信号214停用移动装置200的操作。在另一实施例中,控制模块204可将通信重新路由到免提系统,例如蓝牙通信系统。
图3图解说明用于检测由移动装置200发射的电磁信号206所辐射的能量的功率传感器电路300的一个实施例。所图解说明的功率传感器电路300为连同图2一起描述的传感器模块216的一个实施例。功率传感器电路300还将辐射电磁信号206中的能量转换为指示移动装置200的位置的电压电位。在所图解说明的实施例中,功率传感器电路300不连接到交通工具100的电源或单独电池。而是,功率传感器电路300为其功率仅衍生自由移动装置200发射的电磁信号206所辐射的能量的能量收获机电路的一个实施方案。由天线208检测的电磁信号206由调谐电路306滤波以匹配移动装置所使用的最常见频带。在一个实施例中,调谐电路306可包括经选择以将功率传感器电路300调谐到所要频带的电感器L及电容器C。所属领域的技术人员应了解,可使用数字或模拟调谐技术实施调谐电路,且因此图3中所揭示的实施例并非限制性的。
二极管Drf为RF二极管且起作用以部分地整流由天线208接收且由L-C电路调谐的电磁信号206。RF二极管的输出将电容器Co充电到预定电位Vd。因此,功率传感器电路300将辐射电磁信号206转换为对应于交通工具100内的移动装置200的位置的电压电位Vd。现在参考图2及3两者,当跨越输出电容器Co的电压电位Vd超过预定电平时,其指示检测区220内的移动装置200的存在。由比较器306比较电压电位Vd与阈值电压Vt。阈值电压Vt预定为对应于位于检测区220中的移动装置200的电压电平。比较器306的输出提供到可为检测器模块202的一部分的检测逻辑模块304。检测逻辑模块304接着产生检测信号212且将检测信号212传送到控制模块204。在接收到检测信号212时,控制模块204激活人为干扰模块218以干扰移动装置200的操作。如先前所论述,在特定实施例中,可仅在满足其它逻辑条件(例如点火系统、齿轮箱或其它传感器的状态)的情况下激活人为干扰模块218。
仍参考图2及3,确定何时关闭人为干扰模块218可为合意的。因此,在一个实施例中,一旦将Vd信号提供到控制模块204,检测逻辑模块304即激活开关302以将输出电容器Co放电。大致同时,关断人为干扰电路218。如果仍在检测区220中激活移动装置200,那么电磁信号208将由天线208拾取以将电容器Co充电且产生电压电位Vd以激活人为干扰模块218。此循环将重复直到从检测区220移除移动装置200以使得辐射电磁信号208太弱而不能激活功率传感器电路300或者将移动装置200去激活或关闭以使得存在很少或不存在辐射电磁信号208。
在图3中所图解说明的实施例中,调谐电路306可经实施以具有涵盖最流行蜂窝式电话频率的带宽。由于调谐电路306为固定的,因此其被调谐为宽频带以接收从约0.8GHz到约2GHz的电磁信号208,如下文表1中所展示。然而,在其它实施例中,如连同图4一起描述,调谐电路306可包含频带扫描仪以在多个调谐元件之间切换且针对多个频率扫描检测区220以将功率传感器电路300更精确地调谐为位于检测区220中的移动装置200的适当频带。
图4图解说明包括具有与天线208串联的扫描仪402的调谐电路406的功率传感器电路400的一个实施例。扫描仪402由逻辑模块404控制且扫掠多个频带。现在参考图2到4,逻辑模块404将调谐元件L1、L2、Ln周期性地接入到调谐电路406中以监视与位于检测区220中的移动装置200相关联的各种频带。由比较器406比较电压电位Vd与阈值电压Vt。阈值电压Vt预定为对应于位于检测区220中的移动装置200的电压电平。在其它方面中,图4中所展示的功率传感器电路400以类似于图3中所展示的功率传感器电路300的方式操作。
图5图解说明用于监视移动装置200的上行链路活动的多频带检测器500的示意图。在所图解说明的实施例中,多频带检测器500提供CDMA、GSM、PCS及WCDMA的蜂窝电话上行链路频带的高速扫描。单向多频带天线508从位于检测区220中的移动装置接收信号506。扫描仪510连续地扫描位于检测区220中的处于有源或空闲状态中的移动装置200的CDMA、GSM、PCS及WCDMA频带。当检测到信号506时,检测器模块502将检测信号512提供到控制模块504以激活人为干扰模块,如先前所论述。下文表1中列示图5中所展示的多频带检测器500所覆盖的上行链路频率。
表1
多频带检测器500可使用多种组件实施以检测由单向多频带天线508接收的信号506中的辐射能量,且由检测器模块502在低电平下进行RF功率测量以便检测检测区220中的移动装置200的存在。可直接测量RF功率电平或者可对RF功率电平取样。最近,打算用于无线网络连接及移动电话应用的若干种集成RF功率检测器已变得可用。由于这些集成电路使用集成电路技术以大容量生产,因此其为一致且廉价的-通常比典型微波二极管(例如图3及4中所展示的RF二极管Drf)便宜。这些集成电路中的许多集成电路指定用于操作到覆盖数个业余微波带的GHz区域中,且几个集成电路操作达到10GHz及超过10GHz。
在一个实施例中,RF功率检测器模块502可借助额定高达7GHz的LTC5508集成电路依据线性技术实施,此充分在表1中所展示的移动装置频带所需的带宽内。此集成电路需要在3伏到5伏下操作几毫安且将连接到交通工具的电源供应器或单独电池。可采用具有60dB的动态范围的额定高达3GHz的LT5534对数放大器型检测器来放大由LTC5508集成电路检测的RF功率信号。
可采用多频带检测器500来测量由移动装置200发射的RF功率以及天线辐射图案测量。对于作为“RF探测器”的低电平功率测量,多频带检测器500的敏感性可为有用的以检测来自移动装置200的RF泄漏。多频带检测器500提供迅速响应以使得其可用以检测调制及检测来自多频带天线506的噪音电平。
图6图解说明交通工具100的包括位于交通工具100的仪表盘108内的移动装置检测与控制系统102的一个实施例的内部部分。图6图解说明仪表盘108内的移动装置检测与控制系统102可位于其中的三个潜在位置。应了解,检测与控制系统102可位于仪表盘108上或仪表盘108内的这些位置中的一者或一者以上中。检测与控制系统102位于仪表盘108内以防止用户篡改将为优选的。因此,以虚线展示检测与控制系统102以指示检测与控制系统102位于仪表盘108内。在另一实施例中,控制模块203可配置有数据收集过程以记录检测与控制系统102由交通工具100的所有者借助或不借助汽车修理师的帮助去激活时的情形。举例来说,此篡改记录及检测特征可有助于事故后调查以确定是否停用检测与控制系统102且因此使保险覆盖范围无效。
现在参考图1到6,移动装置检测与控制系统102包括检测器模块202及耦合到检测器模块202的控制模块204。检测器模块202检测检测区220(“发现伞(DiscoveryUmbrella)”)内的移动装置200的存在。当检测器模块202检测到检测区220内的移动装置200的存在时,控制模块204激活发射控制信号214的人为干扰模块218。控制信号214在移动装置200位于检测区220内时干扰其操作而不干扰位于检测区220外部的移动装置222。
在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102可在驾驶员进入交通工具100时被触发。在被触发时,移动装置检测与控制系统102被初始化且进入到检测模式中以建立无通信系统(“NoCom系统”)。检测模式为其中移动装置检测与控制系统102经由一个或一个以上传感器及逻辑检测来自移动装置200的所有电磁信号206(例如RF、Wi-Fi、蜂窝式及卫星通信信号)的存在的过程。在一个实施例中,所述检测过程由移动装置检测与控制系统102起始,此不取决于驾驶员的起始检测过程的交互作用。将所述过程与驾驶员(年轻人及老人)解耦为有利的,这是因为其避免依赖于自我监管,此当前甚至在目前颁布的法律的情况下仍不能起作用。因此,触发条件可为开关(例如交通工具100的点火开关602)的激活或交通工具100的自动变速箱的“停车”传感器604以及其它传感器的去激活。
因此,在将交通工具100点火时,移动装置检测与控制系统102将经由控制检测模块202及控制模块204的操作的逻辑起始检测过程。根据所述检测过程,逻辑将指导传感器模块216起始对由交通工具100的驾驶员侧106区域内的检测区220内的移动装置200发出的任何类型的通信信号206的感测及扫描。在一个实施例中,传感器模块216可位于仪表盘108主控台内及/或在免提麦克风套件内。此配置将通过阻挡传感器模块216或防止检测过程的激活而隐藏传感器模块216且防止驾驶员篡改移动装置检测与控制系统102。在一个实施例中,传感器模块216可耦合到点火器件602以在传感器模块216被阻挡的情况下使交通工具100不可操作。
逻辑提供用于检测由位于检测区220内的移动装置200发出的通信信号206的检测过程以防止驾驶员充分使用移动装置200。所述检测过程将检测且控制驾驶员侧移动装置200。然而,所述逻辑将不防止乘客使用其在检测区220外部的移动装置222。
一旦起始检测过程,如果移动装置200为智能电话且在检测区220内检测到,那么在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102可自动连接到交通工具100免提通信系统。如果不存在可用的免提通信系统,那么通过由人为干扰模块218发射的控制信号214停用移动装置200。否则,移动装置检测与控制系统102将总是允许紧急911呼叫。
另外,一旦起始检测过程,如果移动装置200为智能电话且在检测区220内检测到,那么在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102经配置以停用移动装置200的入局/出局文本消息收发特征。在一个实施例中,将保留所有入局文本消息,如当前的情形一样。在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102经配置以经由蓝牙/免提系统经由逻辑读回文本以及经由蓝牙/免提通信系统经由声音激活的文本回复。在此实施例中,人为干扰模块216可经由辅助通道(例如蓝牙无线连接或辅助主要蜂窝式通信通道的任何其它连接)与移动装置200通信。在一些实施例中,人为干扰模块216可仅在移动装置200的主要通信通道上通信或除一个或一个以上辅助蜂窝式通信通道之外还在所述主要通信通道上通信。
此外,一旦起始检测过程,如果移动装置200为智能电话且在检测区220内检测到,那么在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102经配置以停用入局/出局电子邮件收发特征。在一个实施例中,将保留所有入局电子邮件,如当前的情形一样。移动装置检测与控制系统102经配置以经由蓝牙/免提系统经由逻辑模块读回电子邮件以及经由蓝牙/免提通信系统经由声音激活的电子邮件回复。
此外,一旦起始检测过程,如果移动装置200为或装置且在检测区220内检测到,那么在一个实施例中,移动装置检测与控制系统102经配置以停用入局/出局文本消息收发/电子邮件收发特征。将保留所有入局电子邮件,如当前的情形一样。移动装置检测与控制系统102经配置以经由蓝牙/免提系统经由逻辑模块读回电子邮件/文本以及经由蓝牙/免提通信系统经由声音激活的电子邮件/文本回复。
图7图解说明用于确定位于交通工具内的预定检测区中的移动装置的存在的逻辑图700的一个实施例。现在参考图1到7,在一个实施例中,检测模块202接收702通信信号206。检测模块202确定704通信信号206是由位于交通工具100内的预定检测区220内的移动装置200发射。控制模块204将控制信号214发射706到位于预定检测区220内的移动装置200。
在一个实施例中,检测模块202在电压电位Vd大致等于预定阈值Vt时将检测信号212发射到控制模块204,其中预定阈值Vt的电压电位指示预定检测区220内的移动装置200的存在。
在一个实施例中,检测模块202扫描出与移动装置200相关联的多个频带。由检测模块202监视由检测模块202接收的多个频带中的通信信号206的辐射功率电平。检测模块202在所测量辐射功率电平大致等于至少预定值Vt时将检测信号212发射到控制模块204。
在一个实施例中,检测模块202收获所接收通信信号206中的能量且产生对应于检测区220内的移动装置200的位置的电压电位。
在一个实施例中,控制模块204监视交通工具100的功能系统。在所监视功能系统被激活且检测模块202确定通信信号是由位于预定检测区220内的移动装置200发射时,激活控制信号214的发射。在一个实施例中,交通工具100的功能系统为点火系统224、发射系统226及传感器228中的任一者。
在一个实施例中,当控制模块204接收到检测信号212时,控制模块204人为干扰移动装置200、人为干扰移动装置200的至少一个功能或将移动装置200的操作重新引导到免提交替系统。
在各种实施例中,移动装置200可经配置以根据不同类型的无线网络系统或协议提供声音及/或数据通信功能性。提供数据通信服务的适合无线网络系统的实例可包含电机与电子工程师协会(IEEE)802.xx系列协议,例如IEEE802.1a/b/g/n系列标准协议及变化形式(还称为“WiFi”)、IEEE802.16系列标准协议及变化形式(还称为“WiMAX”)、IEEE802.20系列标准协议及变化形式等等。另外,移动装置200可利用不同类型的较短范围无线系统,例如根据蓝牙特殊兴趣小组(SIG)系列协议操作的蓝牙系统,包含具有增强数据速率(EDR)的蓝牙规格版本v1.0、v1.1、v1.2、v1.0、v2.0以及一个或一个以上蓝牙规范等等。其它实例可包含使用红外线技术或近场通信技术及协议(例如电磁感应(EMI)技术)的系统。EMI技术的实例可包含无源或有源射频识别(RFID)协议及装置。
连同本文中所揭示的实施例一起描述的各种说明性功能元件、逻辑块、模块及电路可借助以下装置来实施或执行:通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其它可编程逻辑装置、离散门或晶体管逻辑、离散硬件组件或经设计以执行本文中所描述的功能的其任何组合。通用处理器可为微处理器,但在替代方案中,处理器可为任何常规处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器可为计算机系统的一部分,所述计算机系统还具有与用户接口通信且接收由用户输入的命令的用户接口端口、具有存储包含在处理器的控制下操作的程序的电子信息且具有经由用户接口端口的通信的至少一个存储器(例如,硬盘驱动器或其它相当存储器件及随机存取存储器)及经由任何种类的视频输出格式产生其输出的视频输出。
连同本文中所揭示的实施例一起描述的各种功能元件、逻辑块、模块及电路元件的功能可经由使用专用硬件以及能够执行与适当软件相关联的软件的硬件来执行。当由处理器提供时,所述功能可由单个专用处理器、由单个共享处理器或由多个个别处理器(其中的一些个别处理器可共享)提供。此外,术语“处理器”或“控制器”的明确使用不应解释为排外地指能够执行软件的硬件,且可隐含地包含但不限于DSP硬件、用于存储软件的只读存储器(ROM)、随机存取存储器(RAM)及非易失性存储器件。还可包含其它常规及/或定制硬件。类似地,图中所展示的任何开关仅为概念性的。所述开关的功能可经由程序逻辑的操作、经由专用逻辑、经由程序控制与专用逻辑的交互作用或甚至人工地,可由实施者选择的依据上下文更具体理解的特定技术实施。
连同本文中所揭示的实施例一起描述的各种功能元件、逻辑块、模块及电路元件可包括用于执行软件程序指令以提供移动装置检测与控制系统102的计算及处理操作的处理单元。处理单元可负责执行移动装置200与免提系统之间的各种声音及数据通信操作。虽然处理单元可包含单个处理器架构,但可了解,其可包含根据所描述实施例的任何适合处理器架构及/或任何适合数目个处理器。在一个实施例中,可使用单个集成处理器实施处理单元。
连同本文中所揭示的实施例一起描述的各种功能元件、逻辑块、模块及电路元件的功能可在计算机可执行指令(例如可由处理单元执行的软件、控制模块、逻辑及/或逻辑模块)的一般上下文中实施。通常,软件、控制模块、逻辑及/或逻辑模块包含经布置以执行特定操作的任何软件元件。软件、控制模块、逻辑及/或逻辑模块可包含执行特定任务或实施特定抽象数据类型的例行程序、程序、对象、组件、数据结构等等。软件、控制模块、逻辑及/或逻辑模块及技术的实施方案可存储于计算机可读媒体上及/或跨越某种形式的计算机可读媒体发射。在此方面中,计算机可读媒体可为可用以存储信息且可由计算装置存取的任一(或多种)可用媒体。一些实施例还可在其中由经由通信网络链接的一个或一个以上远程处理装置执行操作的分布式计算环境中实践。在分布式计算环境中,软件、控制模块、逻辑及/或逻辑模块可位于包含存储器存储装置的局部及远程计算机存储媒体两者中。
另外,应了解,本文中所描述的实施例图解说明实例性实施方案,且功能元件、逻辑块、模块及电路元件可以与所描述实施例一致的各种其它方式实施。此外,由此些功能元件、逻辑块、模块及电路元件执行的操作可针对给定实施方案组合及/或分离,且可由更多数目或更少数目个组件或模块执行。如所属领域的技术人员在阅读本发明后应了解,在不背离本发明的范围的情况下,本文中所描述及图解说明的个别实施例中的每一者具有可与其它数个方面中的任一者的特征容易地分离或组合的离散组件及特征。任何所陈述方法可以所陈述的事件的次序或以在逻辑上可能的任何其它次序实施。
值得注意的是,对“一个实施例”或“一实施例”的任何参考意指连同所述实施例一起描述的特定特征、结构或特性包含于至少一个实施例中。说明书中出现的短语“在一个实施例中”或“在一个方面中”未必全部指代同一实施例。
除非另外具体陈述,否则可了解,术语(例如“处理(processing)”、“计算(computing)”、“计算(calculating)”、“确定(determining)”等等)指以下装置的动作及/或处理:计算机或计算系统或者类似电子计算装置(例如通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或其它可编程逻辑装置)、离散门或晶体管逻辑、离散硬件组件或其任何组合,所述组合经设计以执行本文中所描述的功能,所述功能将表示为寄存器及/或存储器内的物理数量(例如,电子)的数据操控及/或变换成类似地表示为存储器、寄存器或其它此类信息存储、发射或显示装置内的物理数量的其它数据。
值得注意的是,一些实施例可使用表达“耦合”及“连接”及其衍生词一起描述。这些术语不打算为彼此的同义词。举例来说,一些实施例可使用术语“连接”及/或“耦合”描述以指示两个或两个以上元件彼此直接物理接触或电接触。然而,术语“耦合”还可意指两个或两个以上元件并不彼此直接接触,但仍彼此协作或交互作用。关于软件元件,举例来说,术语“耦合”可指接口、消息接口、应用程序接口(API)、交换消息等等。
应了解,所属领域的技术人员能够构想各种布置,所述布置虽然未明确描述或展示于本文中,但体现本发明的原理且包含于其范围内。此外,本文中所陈述的所有实例及条件语言主要打算帮助读者理解本发明中所描述的原理及有助于增进此项技术的概念,且不应解释为对此些具体陈述的实例及条件的限制。此外,陈述原理、方面及实施例以及其特定实例的本文中的所有陈述打算涵盖其机构及功能等效物两者。另外,打算此些等效物包含当前已知的等效物及未来开发的等效物两者,即,所开发的执行相同的功能的任何元件,而无论结构如何。因此,本发明的范围不打算限于示范性方面及本文中所展示及描述的方面。而是,本发明的范围由所附权利要求书体现。
除非本文中另外指示或上下文明显矛盾,否则在本发明的上下文(尤其在所附权利要求书的上下文)中所使用的术语“一(a)”、“一(an)”及“所述(the)”以及类似参考应解释为涵盖单数与复数两者。本文中的值的范围的陈述仅打算充当个别地参考属于所述范围内的每一单独值的速记方法。除非本文中另外指示,否则每一个别值如其在本文中个别地陈述一般并入到本说明书中。除非本文中另外指示或上下文另外明显矛盾,否则本文中所描述的所有方法可以任何适合次序执行。除非另外主张,否则本文中所提供的任何及所有实例或示范性语言(例如,“例如(such as)”、“在所述情形中(in the case)”、“通过举例的方式(by way of example)”)仅打算更好地说明本发明且并不对本发明的范围加以限制。本说明书中的任何语言均不应解释为指示任何未主张元件对本发明的实践是必不可少的。应进一步注意,权利要求书可设计为不包含任何任选元件。因此,此陈述连同权利要求书元件的陈述一起打算充当独自地、仅有地及以类似方式使用此类排他性术语或使用消极限制的先行基础。
本文中所揭示的替代元件或实施例的分组不应解释为具限制性。每一群组部件可个别地或与本文中所发现的群组或其它元件的其它部件组合地参考及主张。预期,一群组的一个或一个以上部件可出于方便及/或专利性原因而包含于群组中或从群组删除。
尽管已如上文所描述图解说明了实施例的特定特征,但所属领域的技术人员现在将能想出许多修改、替代、改变及等效形式。因此,应理解,所附权利要求书打算涵盖归属于所揭示实施例的范围内的所有此些修改及改变。
Claims (29)
1.一种用于确定位于交通工具内的预定检测区中的移动装置的存在的方法,所述方法包括:
由检测模块接收通信信号;
由所述检测模块确定所述通信信号是由位于交通工具内的预定检测区内的移动装置发射;以及
由控制模块将控制信号发射到位于所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其包括在电压电位大致等于预定值时由所述检测模块将检测信号发射到所述控制模块,其中所述预定值的所述电压电位指示所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置的所述存在。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其包括:
由所述检测模块扫描出与所述移动装置相关联的多个频带;
由所述检测模块监视由所述检测模块接收的所述通信信号的在所述多个频带中的每一者中的辐射功率电平;以及
在所述所测量辐射功率电平大致等于至少预定值时,由所述检测模块将检测信号发射到所述控制模块。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其包括:
由所述检测模块收获所述所接收通信信号中的能量;以及
产生对应于所述检测区内的所述移动装置的位置的电压电位。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其包括:
由所述控制模块监视所述交通工具的功能系统;以及
在所述所监视功能系统被激活且所述检测模块确定所述通信信号是由位于所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置发射时,激活所述控制模块对所述控制信号的所述发射。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述交通工具的所述功能系统为点火系统、发射系统及传感器中的任一者。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其包括由所述控制模块人为干扰所述移动装置。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其包括由所述控制模块人为干扰所述移动装置的至少一个功能。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其包括由所述控制模块将所述移动装置的操作重新引导到免提交替系统。
10.一种用于确定位于交通工具内的预定检测区中的移动装置的存在的设备,所述设备包括:
检测模块,其用以接收通信信号且确定所述通信信号是由位于交通工具内的预定检测区内的移动装置发射;以及
控制模块,其耦合到所述检测模块,所述控制模块包括操作以将控制信号发射到位于所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置的人为干扰模块。
11.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其包括:
功率传感器电路,其用以检测由所述通信信号辐射的能量且将由所述通信信号辐射的所述能量转换为电压电位;以及
逻辑模块,其耦合到所述功率传感器电路,所述逻辑模块操作以接收指示所述移动装置的位置的信号且在所述电压电位大致等于预定值时将检测信号发射到所述控制模块,其中所述预定值的所述电压电位指示所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置的所述存在。
12.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其包括:
扫描仪,其耦合到所述检测模块,所述扫描仪操作以扫掠出与所述移动装置相关联的多个频带;以及
功率传感器电路,其耦合到所述扫描仪,所述功率传感器电路操作以监视由所述检测模块接收的所述通信信号的在所述多个频带中的每一者中的辐射功率电平。
13.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其包括:
能量收获机,其用以收获所述所接收通信信号中的所述能量;且
产生对应于所述检测区内的所述移动装置的所述位置的电压电位。
14.一种用于确定位于交通工具内的预定检测区中的移动装置的存在的系统,该系统包括:
检测模块,其用以接收通信信号且确定所述通信信号是由位于交通工具内的预定检测区内的移动装置发射;
控制模块,其耦合到所述检测模块,所述控制模块包括操作以将控制信号发射到位于所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置的人为干扰模块;以及
监视逻辑,其用以监视所述交通工具的功能系统,从而在所述所监视功能系统被激活且所述检测模块确定所述通信信号是由位于所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置发射时,激活所述控制模块对所述控制信号的所述发射。
15.根据权利要求14所述的系统,其中所述交通工具的所述功能系统为点火系统、发射系统及传感器中的任一者。
16.根据权利要求14所述的系统,其包括:
功率传感器电路,其用以检测由所述通信信号辐射的能量且将由所述通信信号辐射的所述能量转换为电压电位;以及
逻辑模块,其耦合到所述功率传感器电路,所述逻辑模块操作以接收指示所述移动装置的位置的信号且在所述电压电位大致等于预定值时将检测信号发射到所述控制模块,其中所述预定值的所述电压电位指示所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置的所述存在。
17.根据权利要求14所述的系统,其包括:
扫描仪,其耦合到所述检测模块,所述扫描仪操作以扫掠出与所述移动装置相关联的多个频带;以及
功率传感器电路,其耦合到所述扫描仪,所述功率传感器电路操作以监视由所述检测模块接收的所述通信信号的在所述多个频带中的每一者中的辐射功率电平。
18.根据权利要求14所述的系统,其包括:
能量收获机,其用以收获所述所接收通信信号中的所述能量;且
产生对应于所述检测区内的所述移动装置的所述位置的电压电位。
19.根据权利要求14所述的系统,其包括由所述控制模块人为干扰所述移动装置。
20.根据权利要求14所述的系统,其包括由所述控制模块人为干扰所述移动装置的至少一个功能。
21.根据权利要求14所述的系统,其包括由所述控制模块将所述移动装置的操作重新引导到免提交替系统。
22.一种用于检测交通工具内的移动装置的存在的系统,所述系统包括:
控制模块,其用以发射探测信号;以及
检测模块,其用以接收指示交通工具的预定检测区内的移动装置的存在的信号。
23.根据权利要求22所述的系统,其中所述检测模块响应于所述探测信号而检测回波信号,其中所述回波信号指示所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置的所述存在。
24.根据权利要求22所述的系统,其中所述检测模块响应于所述探测信号而检测由所述移动装置发射的信号,其中所述信号指示所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置的所述存在。
25.根据权利要求22所述的系统,其中所述预定检测区接近于所述交通工具的驾驶员座位部分。
26.根据权利要求22所述的系统,其中所述控制模块与所述检测模块组合于一个电路中。
27.一种检测交通工具内的移动装置的存在的方法,所述方法包括:
由控制模块发射探测信号;以及
由检测模块接收指示交通工具的预定检测区内的移动装置的存在的信号。
28.根据权利要求27所述的方法,其包括:
由所述检测模块响应于所述探测信号而接收回波信号,其中所述回波信号指示所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置的所述存在。
29.根据权利要求27所述的方法,其包括:
由所述检测模块响应于所述探测信号而接收由所述移动装置发射的信号,其中所述信号指示所述预定检测区内的所述移动装置的所述存在。
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EP3116248B1 (en) | 2018-05-23 |
KR101455020B1 (ko) | 2014-11-04 |
JP6231143B2 (ja) | 2017-11-15 |
SG191825A1 (en) | 2013-08-30 |
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US9379805B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 |
US8718536B2 (en) | 2014-05-06 |
JP2014509110A (ja) | 2014-04-10 |
CA2824477A1 (en) | 2012-10-26 |
EP3116248A2 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
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