Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the invention is to design provides the technical scheme of the breeding method of a Plants hedgerow wall, and it is little to plant injury, after plantation, just can see landscape effect, and convenient in carrying, has saved cost, and landscape effect is good.
The breeding method of a described Plants hedgerow wall, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) select suitable place, be equipped with ground cloth, equipment of sprinkler irrigation, and guarantee seedbed smooth, cloth lay neat;
2) cultivate seedling corresponding to target selection according to difference, cultivate the seedling of appropriate size by pruning, be completely cured after processing and classification, according to product orientation, seedling is planted in special planting bag in batches, planting bag adopts bracing frame to support, in planting bag, load matrix, before filling, matrix is carried out moistening, make its water-holding capacity reach 60-65%; Planting bag linearly distributes along seedbed direction, each planting bag spacing 15-25cm, and line-spacing is determined according to specification, along planting bag placing direction, sparge pipe is installed, implantation time is to be advisable the 3-5 month, the 9-10 month; The connection strap that described bracing frame connects two door shape frames by two parallel door shape frames and bottom thereof forms agent structure, and described door shape frame is connected and composed by two vertical bars and upper rail, and two grooves are set on crosspiece; Two handles that described planting bag is equipped with by bag and top form, and the handle of planting bag coordinates with the groove clamping of crosspiece;
3) seedling irrigates normal root water immediately after planting, and plant is carried out to spray disinfection processing and foliage spray;
4) hedgerow wall is pruned with fixing: prune and mainly the side of hedgerow is pruned for the first time, wipe out and exceed part, it is smooth unanimously that four sides is made every effort in side dressing, top is taking the average height of most of seedling as standard;
5) hedgerow wall breeding phase: by moisture, nutrient, sick Chinese caterpillar fungus control management, in conjunction with sizing and pruning, HORMONE TREATMENT means, cultivate hedgerow wall finished product.
The breeding method of a described Plants hedgerow wall, it is characterized in that step 2) in: for the larger ground plantation seedling of specification, at the processing of being completely cured by the previous moon of lifting, 5-7 days before lifting, foliar spray 0.15-0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carries a few days ago abundant moistening soil; Before plantation, seedling is carried out to classification according to height and hat width, guarantee that seedling is consistent.
The breeding method of a described Plants hedgerow wall, it is characterized in that step 2) in: described seedling is little leaf boxwood, leaflet photinia glabra or raw cypress seedling slowly, and matrix used is by Estonia's import peat of volume ratio 2-4:2-4:3-5: washing fermentation cow dung: fine bark mixes and forms.
The breeding method of a described Plants hedgerow wall, it is characterized in that step 2) in: described seedling is photinia glabra, Radix Vibumi opuli, golden standing grain glossy privet, golden gloomy glossy privet, the little wax of a silver-colored Ji, gold leaf elm, fast-growing cypress or Chinese littleleaf box seedling, and matrix used is by Estonia's import peat of volume ratio 4-6:1-3:1-3: 0.5-1.5: fermentation wood chip: fine bark: microlith mixes and forms.
The breeding method of a described Plants hedgerow wall, it is characterized in that step 2) in: the truncated rectangular pyramids that described bag is open top, its top girth is less than bottom circumference, and the height on long limit is greater than minor face height, the long edge contraction exceeding forms handle, and planting bag bottom up arranges one group of permeable hole on 3-10cm bag.
The breeding method of a described Plants hedgerow wall, is characterized in that in step 3): adopt 700-900 times of carbendazim and 0.15-0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to carry out spray disinfection processing and foliage spray to plant.
The breeding method of a described Plants hedgerow wall, it is characterized in that water management in step 5): lay spray water belt moisturizing, spray water belt is close to stromal surface, often " turn white " and water and be advisable when dry inferior to the matrix of top layer 5cm, water even irrigating, summer temperature is dry, transpiration rate is when large, carries out blade face moisturizing.
The breeding method of a described Plants hedgerow wall, it is characterized in that the management of nutrient in step 5): the summit of growth season in 3,4,5 from planting 15 days to going out before garden, June and 9, October, once topdressed every 10-15 days with the water fertilizing of concentration 0.3-0.5%, described water fertilizing is that N:P:K is the water soluble composite fertilizer of 21:5:17.
The breeding method of a described Plants hedgerow wall, is characterized in that sizing and pruning in step 5): successively prune by the definite height of product objective specification and width, prune to promote hedgerow wall side and top plentiful, branches and leaves are intensive, and rapid shaping is object; Prune, bounce back to 3-5cm when side shoot growth exceeds while last time pruning plane 10-20cm, successively outer straightening reaches target width; Last time prune plane 30cm and bounce back to 20-25cm when above when Height Growth exceeds, successively outer straightening reaches object height, according to different cultivars characteristic, prunes 2-3 time every year.
The breeding method of a described Plants hedgerow wall, it is characterized in that HORMONE TREATMENT in step 5): under the well-off prerequisite of plant nutrition, top is pruned, side sprays growth or inhibitory hormone, to promote or to control collateral generation, can select to spray somatotropin or inhibitory hormone according to the growing way of plant and target morphology.
The breeding method of an above-mentioned Plants hedgerow wall, adopts special planting bag, convenient carrying; Taking planting bag as unit integral construction, little to plant injury, there is no seedling-slowing stage, and can keep root system of plant to preserve from; Complete in nursery and prune and moulding, after plantation, just can see landscape effect, shortened the duration, saved cost, landscape effect is good.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment mono-
1) preparatory stage: 1. Farm Planning: prepare by volumetric standard seedling place, select to be equipped with the cultivation place of ground cloth, equipment of sprinkler irrigation, seedbed is moved towards North and South direction and arranged; Guarantee seedbed smooth, cloth lay neat, forbid to occur the uneven seedbed ponding that causes in seedbed; Sparge pipe is installed, is arranged one by one along planting bag placing direction; 2. matrix is prepared: adopt hedgerow wall to produce dedicated substrate; The matrix of hedgerow wall A is Estonia's import peat of volume ratio 3:3:4: washing fermentation cow dung: fine bark, fine bark size 5-15mm, the matrix of hedgerow wall B, C, D is volume ratio 5:2:2: Estonia's import peat of 1: fermentation wood chip: fine bark: microlith (thin melon seeds sheet); Described Estonia's import peat, washing fermentation cow dung, fine bark, wood chip, microlith all can be by directly buying on market, and fine bark and wood chip use after fermentation; 3. container is prepared: adopt special planting bag, select the planting bag of different size according to different cultivation specifications; 4. seedling is prepared: cultivate target call according to difference and select corresponding seedling; Short product below height 1m, employing successively pruning is cultivated, and starts repeatedly truncation promote branch from seedling, repeatedly carries out side direction pruning simultaneously, and cultivation moves into planting bag cultivation after certain specification, after repeatedly pruning, cultivates to finished product; 1.5 meters of above large specification products of height, adopt trunk location to prune and cultivate; First cultivate seedling trunk, carry out side direction simultaneously and prune the sprouting of promotion side shoot, reach after respective heights at trunk, according to target the line of production carries out to seedling that trunk height is surely dry, repeatedly oriented sideways is pruned, promote that side shoot is intensive, before transplanting, carry out more than twice being completely cured, promoting well developed root system by being less than in 15 centimetres of container width, then move into planting bag and cultivate, after repeatedly pruning, cultivate to finished product.
2) in the plantation stage: 1. container is put: each planting bag penetrates 2 long 110cm bamboo poles of diameter 2-3cm as handle, adopt special-purpose supporting frame to support, and planting bag linearly distributes along seedbed direction, each planting bag bag spacing 20cm, and line-spacing is determined according to specification; 2. matrix filling: before filling, matrix is carried out moistening, make its water-holding capacity reach 60% left and right; Matrix filling real component is suitable, hedgerow wall A, B product to 2/3 height, hedgerow wall C, D product to 1/3 height.3. implantation time: the 3-5 month, the 9-10 month to plant and to be advisable, avoid off-season cultivation; If sunlight is strong, temperature is when higher, should select morning (before 10) and at dusk (after 4) plant, avoid high temperature.4. seedling processing: for the larger ground plantation seedling (H >=120cm) of specification, should be in the processing of being completely cured by the previous moon of lifting.5-7 days before lifting, foliar spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, improves seedling resistance, meanwhile, carries a few days ago abundant moistening soil.5. Seedling Assortment: must carry out classification according to height and hat width to seedling before plantation, guarantee that seedling is consistent.6. plantation: the seedling after classification is planted in batches, evenly plants in planting bag central authorities; The seedling at planting bag two should be selected branches and leaves, and intensive to view and admire face good outwardly, and root system surrounding guarantees that matrix is closely knit, planting depth with complete water normal root water after matrix be advisable higher than native ball 2cm left and right.After plantation is good, irrigate immediately normal root water, if there is the nursery stock of inclination, lodging want timely righting compacting and water.After normal root water irrigates, carry out spray disinfection processing to plant, coordinate foliage spray simultaneously, available 800 times of carbendazim+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphates carry out foliar spray.7. prune with fixing: prune and mainly the side of hedgerow is pruned for the first time, wipe out and exceed part, it is smooth unanimously that four sides is made every effort in side dressing, top is taking the average height of most of seedling as standard.Highly >=100cm(hedgerow wall B, C, D) product needed fix.At every row planting bag two and centre position install spud pile, draw twice iron wire along planting bag direction.First iron wire height exceeds planting bag 1-2cm, and anchor root stem position, in order to fixing root system.Second iron wire height (not containing planting bag height) is respectively: hedgerow wall B product is 0.6 meter; Hedgerow wall C, D product are 1 meter, and nursery stock trunk is fixed on iron wire.
3) breeding phase: 1. water management: supporting corresponding moisturizing facility, be advisable to lay spray water belt.Hole for water spraying spacing is even, and when laying, spray water belt is close to stromal surface, note simultaneously hole for water spraying towards.Guarantee water quality infuse clearly, forbid hole for water spraying stop up.If condition does not possess will carry out artificial recharge time, often " turn white " and water and be advisable when dry inferior to the matrix of top layer 5cm, water even irrigating.Summer temperature is dry, transpiration rate is when large, carries out blade face moisturizing.2. nutrient management: because matrix is mixed with the love bass slow-release fertilizer of measuring for 8-10 month, can provide basic nutrient supply.But from planting 15 days to the summit of growth season in 3,4,5 before going out garden, June and 9, October, also once topdress every 10 days with the water fertilizing of concentration 0.3-0.5%.3. sick Chinese caterpillar fungus control: damage by disease and insect is relied mainly on prevention, medicine is controlled in good time, and different kind damage by disease and insect is variant, and main controlling object is soil insect and defoliator, trunk borer and disease routinely.Defoliator: the insecticide spray painting controls such as 50% DDT EC 1000-1500 times liquid, 40% dimethoate emulsion 800-1000 times liquid.Aphid is better with the blue or green 3000 times of liquid spraying effects of a slice.Anthracnose: 50% Tuzet, 65% mancozeb, 70% thiophanate methyl, 75% tpn, each 500-1000 is doubly; Leaf spot: 50% mancozeb, 70% thiophanate methyl, 50% carbendazim, each 500-1000 doubly, mixes the streptomycin better effects if of 400 milliliters.Weeds will be processed in time, accomplish " except early, except little, except ", prevent spreading and propagation of weed seed.4. sizing and pruning: successively prune by the definite height of product objective specification and width.Prune to promote hedgerow wall side and top plentiful, branches and leaves are intensive, and rapid shaping is object.Prune, bounce back to 3-5cm when side shoot growth exceeds while last time pruning plane 10-20cm, successively outer straightening reaches target width; Last time prune plane 30cm and bounce back to 20-25cm when above when Height Growth exceeds, successively outer straightening reaches object height.According to different cultivars characteristic, prune 2-3 time every year.5. HORMONE TREATMENT: when product growing height is had a surplus and side shoot while owing intensive, can take suitable HORMONE TREATMENT, concrete mode is: under the well-off prerequisite of plant nutrition, top is pruned, side sprays growth or inhibitory hormone, to promote or to control collateral generation.
4) go out garden: after product is qualified, can go out garden and sell, adopt special tray carriage to load and unload, exempt to damage plant shape.
The planting bag that the present invention adopts and the structure of bracing frame be as Figure 1-5: the connection strap 4 that this bracing frame connects two door shape frames by two parallel door shape frames and bottom thereof forms agent structure, described door shape frame is connected and composed by two vertical bars 3 and upper rail 1, and two grooves 2 are set on crosspiece 1.Described groove 2 is semi-circular recesses or isosceles trapezoid groove.The center distance 7.5cm-8.5cm of two grooves 2 of Length Ratio of crosspiece 1.Vertical bar 3 is 90-92 degree with the angle of crosspiece 1, and vertical bar 3 is 90 degree with the angle of connection strap 4.Distance between the crosspiece 1 of two parallel door shape frames is 10cm-15cm.Described door shape frame is made up of metal wire rod or the bar of diameter 4mm-6mm.Utilize this bracing frame to keep the planting bag of shape, two handles 5 that are equipped with by bag 7 and top form, and the handle 5 of planting bag coordinates with groove 2 clampings of crosspiece 1; The truncated rectangular pyramids that described bag 7 is open top, its top girth is less than bottom circumference, and the height on long limit is greater than minor face height, the long edge contraction formation handle 5 exceeding; Bag 7 adopts impermeable material to make, and bag 7 bottoms up arrange one group of permeable hole 8 on 3-10cm bag, and the diameter of permeable hole 8 is 5-10mm.Handle 5 is hollow sleeve, adopts sewing sideline 6 fixing, and the width of described groove 2 is the 1/2-2/3 of handle 5 external diameters, and the degree of depth is 1.5cm-2cm.The centre-to-centre spacing of two grooves 2 equates or little its 0.2-1cm with the centre-to-centre spacing of two handles 5 of planting bag.The bottom of described groove 2 is equal to or less than the 0.2-1cm of the bag 7 of planting bag to the height of bracing frame bottom.While using bracing frame, the handle 5 of first planting bag one side is put into groove 2 places on first bracing frame one side door shape frame, the handle 5 of planting bag opposite side is put into groove 2 places on second bracing frame, one side door shape frame; Another side door shape frame of second bracing frame recessed for putting into the handle 5 of second planting bag one side; Fixed by one of them shape frame of two bracing frames by a planting bag, a bracing frame is fixed a side of two planting bags, realizes the fixing of planting bag position, has avoided flexible planting bag bag body to expand, the inconsistent phenomenon of matrix shape.
Embodiment bis-: hedgerow wall A
Specification: height 50cm, length 100cm, width 30cm, clear bole height 5cm, cultivation period 8 months.Kind is selected: select that growing way is slow, blade is little and kind intensive, the easy moulding of strong, the resistance to pruning of rudiment power, as little leaf boxwood, leaflet photinia glabra, raw cypress veriety slowly.Matrix is Estonia's import peat of volume ratio 3:3:4: washing fermentation cow dung: fine bark.The hedgerow planting bag specification using: long 90cm, wide 20cm, high 20cm.Seedling specification: high 30-40cm, hat width 20-30cm, spells kind of 6 strains in each planting bag.Planting Row Distance is 80cm, 750 of per mu yields.Size after pruning first: height 20-30cm, width 15-20cm.Landscape Application: short hedge, island, park formula Woody flower garden crisperding and the park hedgerow Botanical Garden etc. that can be applicable to traditional usage.
Specific embodiment three: hedgerow wall B
Specification: height 100cm, length 100cm, width 40cm, clear bole height 10cm, cultivation period 12 months.Kind is selected: selection growing way is very fast, the shrub kind of resistance to pruning, company is at present many all can produce compared with fast-growing cypress veriety etc. by force as photinia glabra, golden gloomy glossy privet, golden standing grain glossy privet, the little wax of a silver-colored Ji, orthostatic at garden product, and other are as the Chinese littleleaf box class fast of growing.Matrix is volume ratio 5:2:2: Estonia's import peat of 1: fermentation wood chip: fine bark: microlith (thin melon seeds sheet).The hedgerow planting bag specification using is: long 90cm, wide 30cm, high 25cm.Seedling specification: high 60-80cm, hat width 30-40cm, spells kind of 4 strains in each planting bag.Planting Row Distance is 80cm, 750 of per mu yields.After pruning first, be of a size of height 50-60cm, width 20-30cm.Landscape Application: can be applicable to motor vehicle intermediate isolating band etc.
Specific embodiment four: hedgerow wall C
Specification: height 150cm, length 100cm, width 50cm, clear bole height 15cm, cultivation period 18 months.Kind is selected: select that growing way is strong compared with fast growing variety, orthostatic, large shrub and the dungarunga veriety of resistance to pruning, as photinia glabra, Radix Vibumi opuli, golden standing grain glossy privet, the little wax of a silver-colored Ji, gold leaf elm etc.Matrix is volume ratio 5:2:2: Estonia's import peat of 1: fermentation wood chip: fine bark: microlith (thin melon seeds sheet).The hedgerow planting bag specification using is: long 90cm, wide 40cm, high 30cm.Seedling specification: high 120-140cm, hat width 40-50cm, spells kind of 3 strains in each planting bag.Planting Row Distance is 120cm, 500 of per mu yields.After pruning first, be of a size of height 110-120cm, width 30-40cm.Landscape Application: can be applicable to garden divider wall etc.
Specific embodiment five: hedgerow wall D
Specification: height 200cm, length 100cm, width 60cm, clear bole height 20cm, cultivation period 18 months.Kind select: select that growing way is strong compared with fast growing variety, orthostatic, large shrub and the dungarunga veriety of resistance to pruning, as photinia glabra, Radix Vibumi opuli, golden standing grain glossy privet, the little wax of a silver-colored Ji, gold leaf elm etc.Matrix is volume ratio 5:2:2: Estonia's import peat of 1: fermentation wood chip: fine bark: microlith (thin melon seeds sheet).The hedgerow planting bag specification using is: long 90cm, wide 40cm, high 30cm.Seedling specification: high 160-180cm, hat width 50-60cm, spells kind of 3 strains in each planting bag.Planting Row Distance is 120cm, 500 of per mu yields.After pruning first, be of a size of height 140-150cm, width 30-40cm.Landscape Application: can be applicable to garden divider wall, implants hedge labyrinth, park and building and block curtain wall etc.