CN107114221A - A kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth - Google Patents
A kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth Download PDFInfo
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- CN107114221A CN107114221A CN201710308917.1A CN201710308917A CN107114221A CN 107114221 A CN107114221 A CN 107114221A CN 201710308917 A CN201710308917 A CN 201710308917A CN 107114221 A CN107114221 A CN 107114221A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G3/04—Apparatus for trimming hedges, e.g. hedge shears
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63J—DEVICES FOR THEATRES, CIRCUSES, OR THE LIKE; CONJURING APPLIANCES OR THE LIKE
- A63J11/00—Labyrinths
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Abstract
A kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth, belongs to hedgerow maze technique field.Including 1）Preparatory stage, 2）Plantation stage, 3）Breeding phase, 4）Going out the garden stage, 5）Construct in hedgerow labyrinth.A kind of quick molding method in above-mentioned hedgerow labyrinth, it can substantially shorten the molding time in hedgerow labyrinth, and plant transplantation is easy, survival rate is high, the engineering time is short.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hedgerow maze technique field, specially a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth.
Background technology
Plant labyrinth is the form that labyrinth is built up with the different shaping of plant, is by labyrinth cultural infiltration to environment design
In product.Western countries are originated from plant labyrinth, are one of representatives of western modern landscape Plants Culture.Using different plants
In the labyrinth that type is built, the most familiar of form of people is exactly hedgerow labyrinth.Hedgerow labyrinth is generally made up of xylophyta, and growth is slow
Slowly, resistance to trimming and evergreen species it is further preferred that, plant height is not limited, it is most suitably as landscape hedgerow, hedge plant all
Available for structure hedgerow labyrinth.
The hedgerow labyrinth of one shaping, the landscape effect of presentation should be that plant health is neat, tree crown linking is fine and close, moulding
It is clear-cut, trim smooth naturally, according to common Landscape Constructing method, the transplanting of plant, plantation, the maintenance simply first step,
Need time several years to carry out modeling scissors, can just show complete labyrinth form.
The content of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to design to provide a kind of the fast of hedgerow labyrinth
The technical scheme of fast forming method, it can substantially shorten the molding time in hedgerow labyrinth, and plant transplantation is easy, survival rate
The high, engineering time is short.
The quick molding method in described a kind of hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Preparatory stage
The cultivation of plant unit：Designed according to common hedgerow labyrinth, set plant unit A, plant unit B, plant unit C,
Tetra- kinds of specifications of plant unit D, the plant unit of every kind of specification is divided into rectangular cross-sectional, two kinds of arch section trim mode, plant
The supporting planting bag A of unit A（1）, plant unit B supporting planting bag B, plant unit C supporting planting bag C, plant unit D be supporting
Planting bag D；
Seedling prepares：Corresponding seedling, the prior strict hierarchy of seedling are selected according to different cultivation target calls, it is ensured that health one
Cause, product is planted to the ground produced for plant unit and is completely cured, trimmed and the cultural operations, promotion seedling root such as necessary management
System is flourishing, plant is healthy, side shoot is dense；
Farm Planning：It is prepared by volumetric standard seedling place, selection is equipped with ground cloth, the cultivation place of equipment of sprinkler irrigation, and seedbed is walked
Arranged to North and South direction, it is ensured that seedbed is smooth, cloth laying it is neat, sparge pipe is installed along planting bag placing direction, arranged one by one；
Matrix prepares:Plant unit A, plant unit B compare 4-6 using No. 1 formulation media plantation, No. 1 formulation media by weight：2-
4：1-3 import plantation peat：Ferment wood chip：Pine bark is mixed, and plant unit C, plant unit D are using No. 2 formula bases
Matter, No. 2 formulation medias compare 4-6 by weight：2-4：1-3 import plantation peat：Pine bark：Clear water sand is mixed；Matrix is mixed
The 5kg Ai Beishi slow-release fertilizers of 8-10 months are added when mixing per side；
2）The plantation stage
Container is put：Corresponding planting density is determined according to different cultivation targets；
Matrix is loaded：Before filling, matrix is moistened, its water-holding capacity is reached 60%, matrix filling real component is appropriate, is filled to
The height of container 1/3, ensure during filling planting bag corner tamp, elastic suitable indeformable, Wu Wojiao；
Plantation：Plant the 3-5 months, the 9-10 months to plant and be advisable；
The processing of seedling：Seedling lifting is planted on ground, 120cm seedling is more than for height, in being completely cured the previous moon for lifting
Processing；Play before seedling 5-7 days, foliar spray 0.18-0.22% potassium dihydrogen phosphates improve seedling resistance, meanwhile, carry a few days ago abundant
Moisten soil；
Root water is with putting a lodged plant upright：Seedling irrigates root water immediately after planting, it is ensured that matrix and primitive root system soil ball pour even in planting bag
Irrigate, pour again within second day one time；Pour after root water, if thering is inclination, the nursery stock of lodging to want timely righting to be compacted and water；
Disinfection：After root water is irrigated, spray disinfection processing carried out to plant, while coordinating foliage spray, use 750-850
Times carbendazim+0.18-0.22% potassium dihydrogen phosphates carry out foliar spray；
Trimming：First time trimming is carried out after sterilization, during trimming, top is using the average height of most of nursery stock as control standard, mistake
High pinches, it is ensured that height of seedling is consistent；It is smooth consistent that four sides is made every effort in side dressing；Mainly the side of plant unit is repaiied
Cut, width is fixed according to the requirement of specification, wipes out beyond part, side dressing makes every effort to smooth consistent on four sides, and top is with most of kind
The average height of seedling is control standard, it is ensured that highly consistent；
The size trimmed first after plantation, plant unit A height is 20-30cm, and width is 15-20cm；Plant unit B height
Spend for 50-60cm, width is 20-30cm；Plant unit C height is 110-120cm, and width is 30-40cm；Plant unit D
Height be 140-150cm, width is 30-40cm；
It is fixed：Plant unit highly more than or equal to 60cm needs to fix, and installs solid at every row planting bag two and centre position
Determine stake, twice iron wire is drawn along planting bag placing direction；
3）Breeding phase
Water management：Being evenly supplied for moisture is to ensure that product grows the important guarantee of uniformity, and hedgerow plantation is supporting corresponding
Moisturizing facility；
Nutrient management：Early stage and later stage are intended to carry out supplementary fertilizer, early stage, based on foliage spray；After plantation 15-20 days, with concentration
0.3-0.5% water fertilizing, from the composite fertilizer based on P, K, 15 days once until first month terminates after plantation；Plantation is about
After 8-9 months, topdressed, pour N, P, K balance composite fertilizer for applying 0.3-0.5%, every 15 days once until go out garden；
Pest organism is prevented and treated：Pest and disease damage is relied mainly on prevention, in good time medicine is controlled；
Sizing and trimming：Height is determined by plant unit A, plant unit B, plant unit C, plant unit D goal standards and wide
Degree is gradually trimmed, and trimming is to promote plant unit side and top plentiful, and branches and leaves are intensive, for the purpose of rapid shaping, work as side
Face shoot growth is trimmed when exceeding previous trimming plane 10-20cm, bounces back to 3-5cm, and gradually outer straighten reaches target
Width；20-25cm is bounced back to when height growth exceeds previous trimming more than plane 30cm, gradually outer straighten reaches target height
Degree.It is annual to trim 2-3 times according to different cultivars characteristic；
HORMONE TREATMENT：As plant unit A, plant unit B, plant unit C, plant unit D growing heights are had a surplus and side shoot owes close
During collection, on the premise of plant nutrition is in liberal supply, top is trimmed, growth or inhibitory hormone are sprayed sideways, to promote
Or control collateral generation；
4）Going out the garden stage
It can go out garden after plant unit A, plant unit B, plant unit C, plant unit D are qualified；
5）Construct in hedgerow labyrinth
According to Garden Engineering land occupation condition and construction requirements, suitable plant unit, plant variety are selected, hedgerow labyrinth is carried out and sets
Meter；The width of labyrinth internal passageway design is not less than 1.5 meters, and road uses gravel paving in labyrinth, non-sclerous；Set according to labyrinth
Meter figure, setting-out is carried out to planting groove, according to setting-out, by the way of first small-sized machine excavation, rear artificial benefit dig spy's combination,
The soil dug out such as soil quality is good, and curb retains about 1/2-1/3 and is continuing with as backfill inside；Such as soil quality not
It is good, place is all cleared out, is separately backfilled using suitable soil；The groove of excavation, its depth ratio planting bag depth 10cm, width is than planting
Plant the wide 15cm of bag；Using machinery plus artificial construction's mode, under conditions of road network meets small-sized machine, by machinery by plant unit
A-D is put in kind of planting ditch, artificial to take out planting bag A-D, by seedling righting；Splicing between each plant unit will be connected tight
It is real, obvious spacing is not stayed；Fine earth, both sides compacting are inserted in root system both sides；Fine earth, thickness are filled out above planting bag simultaneously
10cm, is gently compacted；The same day pours root water, observation after fill compaction；A-D finished products seedling is transplanted, and root system is complete, without slow after transplanting
In seedling stage, code, meticulously maintenance are conserved by Garden Engineering.
The quick molding method in described a kind of hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that plant unit A height is 50cm, length
For 100cm width 30cm, clear bole height is 5cm, and cultivation period is 8 months；Plant unit B height is 100cm, and length is
100cm width 40cm, clear bole height is 10cm, and cultivation period is 12 months；Plant unit C height is 150cm, and length is
100cm width 50cm, clear bole height is 15cm, and cultivation period is 18 months；Plant unit D height is 200cm, and length is
100cm width 60cm, clear bole height is 20cm, and cultivation period is 18 months；Planting bag A length is 90cm, and width is 20cm,
Depth is 20cm, and plant strain number is 6 plants；Planting bag B length is 90cm, and width is 30cm, and depth is 25cm, transplants strain number
For 4 plants；Planting bag C length is 90cm, and width is 40cm, and depth is 30cm, and plant strain number is 3 plants；Planting bag D length
For 90cm, width is 40cm, and depth is 30cm, and plant strain number is 3 plants.
A kind of quick molding method in described hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that the height of plant unit A correspondence seedling specifications
Spend for 30-40cm, hat width 20-30cm；The height of plant unit B correspondence seedling specifications is 60-80cm, hat width 30-40cm；Plant
The height of unit C correspondence seedling specifications is 120-140cm, hat width 40-50cm；The height of plant unit D correspondence seedling specifications is
160-180cm, hat width 50-60cm.
A kind of quick molding method in described hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that plantation stage：All planting bag bag spacing
8-12 cm；It is individual that plant unit A puts line-spacing 70-90cm, every mu of 730-780；Plant unit B puts line-spacing 75-85cm, every mu
720-770；Plant unit C's puts line-spacing 110-130cm, every mu 450-550；Plant unit D's puts line-spacing 115-
125cm, every mu 450-550；Planting bag is linearly distributed along seedbed direction.
A kind of quick molding method in described hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that plantation stage：First of iron wire height is high
Go out planting bag 1-2cm, fixed root neck position, to fixed root system；Second iron wire height, plant unit B is at 60cm；Plant
Unit C, plant unit D products are that at 100cm, nursery stock trunk is fixed on iron wire.
A kind of quick molding method in described hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that plantation stage：It is advisable with laying spray water belt,
Pitch of holes of spraying water is uniform, and spray water belt is close to stromal surface during laying, while noting the direction of hole for water spraying, it is ensured that water quality is limpid, tight
Prohibit water spray hole plug；If condition does not possess artificial recharge to be carried out, watered when often the matrix inferior to top layer 5cm turns white dry for
Preferably, even irrigate is poured；When summer temperature is dry, transpiration rate is big, blade face moisturizing is carried out.
The quick molding method in described a kind of hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that leafeating insect is with 50% DDT EC
1000-1500 times of liquid, the 800-1000 times of liquid mist spray preventing and treating of 40% dimethoate emulsion, aphid with a piece of blue or green 3000 times of liquid spraying effects compared with
It is good；Leaf blight or anthracnose are with 50% Tuzet, 65% Mancozeb, 70% thiophanate methyl, 75% Bravo, each 500-1000
Times；Leaf spot is with 50% Mancozeb, 70% thiophanate methyl, 50% carbendazim, each 500-1000 times, the chain of upper 400 milliliters of mixing
Mycin；Weeds are handled in time, prevent spreading and propagating for weed seed.
A kind of quick molding method in described hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that below height 100cm product, using by
Route is cultivated in layer trimming, and multiple truncation promotes branch since seedling, while repeatedly laterally being trimmed, is cultivated and is arrived regulatory specifications
Planting bag culture is moved into afterwards, is repeatedly cultivated after trimming to finished product；More than height 150cm product, using trunk positioning trimming training
The technology path educated, first cultivates seedling trunk, promotes side shoot to sprout while carrying out lateral trimming, respective heights are reached in trunk
Afterwards, according to target the line of production carries out fixed dry, the multiple oriented sideways trimming of trunk height to seedling, promotes side shoot intensive, is transplanting
It is preceding by less than being completely cured more than twice in container width 15cm, promoting well developed root system, then move into planting bag culture, repeatedly repair
Cultivated after cutting to finished product.
The quick molding method in described a kind of hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that planting bag A upper limbs both sides, which are worn, to be connect setting and carry
Bar, planting bag A sides set osculum, and planting bag B, planting bag C, planting bag D structure are identical with planting bag A structure.
A kind of quick molding method in described hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that Seedling Assortment：Must be to seedling before plantation
It is classified according to height and hat width, it is ensured that seedling is consistent, and the seedling after classification is planted in batches, it is ensured that uniformity；During plantation, plant
Seedling is uniformly planted in planting bag center, notes that seedling views and admires the direction in face, and the seedling at planting bag two selects that branches and leaves are intensive to be viewed and admired
Face is good outwardly, it is ensured that seedling is in line and erect plants after plantation；Root system surrounding ensures that matrix is closely knit, planting depth with
Completion is poured matrix after root water and is advisable higher than soil ball 2cm.
A kind of quick molding method in above-mentioned hedgerow labyrinth, can substantially shorten the molding time in hedgerow labyrinth, in plant
When transplanting plantation completion, the landscape effect after trimming shaping can be presented in labyrinth；And plant transplantation is easy, survival rate is high,
Engineering time is short, landscape shaping is fast.The main innovation point of the present invention is the mode that industrial products element is assembled being applied to plant
During thing Landscape Constructing, traditional cultivation individual plantses are built into hedgerow labyrinth, are changed into cultivating the plant of groups of container culturing
Thing unit（More than one group plants）；Traditional first transplanting is trimmed to the construction manner of shaping afterwards, is changed into first trimming shaping, then is transplanted,
The process of trimming moulding is placed on the completion of plant cultivation stage.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of trim mode one of plant unit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of trim mode two of plant unit of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is planting bag A of the present invention sectional view；
Fig. 4 is planting bag A of the present invention side view；
Fig. 5 is plant unit A of the present invention first trimming schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is plant unit B of the present invention first trimming schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is plant unit C of the present invention first trimming schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is plant unit D of the present invention first trimming schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is plant unit B of the present invention fixation design drawing；
Figure 10 is plant unit C of the present invention fixation design drawing；
Figure 11 is plant unit D of the present invention fixation design drawing；
In figure：1- planting bag A, 2- shadoof, 3- osculums.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the invention will be further described.
The cultivation of one, plant units
1. the specification of plant unit
Designed according to common hedgerow labyrinth, plant unit A, plant unit B, plant unit C, tetra- kinds of rule of plant unit D are set
Lattice, the plant unit of every kind of specification is divided into rectangular cross-sectional, two kinds of arch section trim mode, the supporting planting bags of plant unit A
The supporting planting bag D of A1, plant unit B supporting planting bag B, plant unit C supporting planting bag C, plant unit D；It is shown in Table 1, table
2。
The supporting planting bag specification of the plant unit of table 2
| Specification number | Length L (cm) | Width W (cm) | Depth D（cm） | Transplant strain number/strain |
| A | 90 | 20 | 20 | 6 |
| B | 90 | 30 | 25 | 4 |
| C | 90 | 40 | 30 | 3 |
| D | 90 | 40 | 30 | 3 |
The plant unit of every kind of specification is divided into rectangular cross-sectional, two kinds of arch section trim mode.
2. production procedure
2.2 the preparatory stage
2.2.1 seedling prepares
Corresponding seedling is selected according to different cultivation target calls.Seedling must strict hierarchy in advance, it is ensured that health is consistent.To with
The ground produced in plant unit plants product and is completely cured, trimmed and the cultural operations such as necessary management, promotion seedling well developed root system,
Plant health, side shoot are dense.
The corresponding seedling of 4 kinds of specification plant units, it is desirable to the intensive health of individual plantses surrounding branches and leaves, health of root, packing
Well, soil ball is complete.Specifically it see the table below（Table 3）.
Seedling quality is the key factor of finished product production.The product pruning and breeding technology route of different size is different, mainly
There are successively pruning and breeding technology route and trunk positioning pruning and breeding technology route.
Below height 100cm product, cultivates route, multiple truncation promotes branch since seedling using successively trimming,
Repeatedly laterally trimmed simultaneously, cultivate and planting bag culture is moved into after certain specification, repeatedly cultivated after trimming to finished product.
More than height 150cm product, cultivates route using trunk positioning trimming, first cultivates seedling trunk, carry out simultaneously
Lateral trimming promotes side shoot to sprout, after trunk reaches respective heights, and according to target the line of production is highly fixed to seedling progress trunk
Dry, multiple oriented sideways trimming, promotes side shoot intensive, by less than being broken more than twice in container width 15cm before transplanting
Root, promotion well developed root system, then move into planting bag culture, are repeatedly cultivated after trimming to finished product.
2.2.2 Farm Planning
It is prepared by volumetric standard seedling place, selection is equipped with ground cloth, the cultivation place of equipment of sprinkler irrigation, and North and South direction is moved towards in seedbed
Arrangement.Must assure that seedbed it is smooth, cloth laying it is neat, forbid to occur that seedbed is uneven to cause seedbed ponding.Along planting bag
Placing direction is installed sparge pipe, arranged one by one.
2.2.3 planting bag prepares
Using special planting bag, according to 4 kinds of plant unit specifications, the planting bag of different size is made.Planting bag A1 upper limbs both sides
Wear and connect setting shadoof 2, planting bag A sides set osculum 3, planting bag B, planting bag C, planting bag D structure and planting bag A1
Structure it is identical.
Planting bag upper limb wears rod or bamboo pole, is easy to plant unit to put, carry；The position of planting bag side lower 1/3
Punching, for draining.
2.2.4 matrix prepares
Dedicated substrate is produced using plant unit.Being divided into two formulas is：
" No. 1 formula " is：Peat is planted in import：Ferment wood chip：Pine bark=5：3：2；
" No. 2 formulas " is：Peat is planted in import：Pine bark：Clear water sand=5：3：2.
Plant unit A, B product are using No. 1 matrix formulations, and plant unit C, D product are using No. 2 matrix formulations.Matrix is mixed
The 5kg love bass Controlled Release Fertilizer of 8-10 months is added when mixing per side, matrix is puddled must be uniform.
2.3 kinds of plant stages
2.3.1 container is put
Each planting bag penetrates the long 110cm bamboo poles of 2 diameter 2-3cm as handle, is determined according to different cultivation targets corresponding
Planting density.All planting bag bag spacing 10cm.
Plant unit A puts line-spacing 80cm, 750 every mu；Plant unit B puts line-spacing 80cm, 750 every mu；Plant
Unit C's puts line-spacing 120cm, 500 every mu；Plant unit D's puts line-spacing 120cm, 500 every mu；Planting bag is along seedling
Bed direction is linearly distributed, table 4 specific as follows.
The density design of the different size hedgerow of table 4 production
| Specification number | Line-spacing（cm） | Per mu yield（Individual/mu） |
| Plant unit A | 80 | 750 |
| Plant unit B | 80 | 750 |
| Plant unit C | 120 | 500 |
| Plant unit D | 120 | 500 |
2.3.2 matrix is loaded
Before filling, matrix is moistened, its water-holding capacity is reached 60% or so, is advisable with " holding is agglomerating, and hand pine dissipates ".Base
Matter wants component appropriate when loading, plant unit A, B product to 1/3 height, plant unit C, D product to 1/3 height.During filling not
Can excessively it extrude, can not be excessively loose, it is ensured that planting bag corner is tamped, elastic suitable indeformable, Wu Wojiao.
2.3.3 plant and plant
（1）The selection of implantation time：The 3-5 months, the 9-10 months to plant and be advisable, it is to avoid off-season cultivation.If sunlight strong, temperature compared with
Gao Shi, should select morning（Before 10 points）And at dusk（After 4 points）Plantation, avoids high temperature.
（2）The processing of seedling：Plant seedling lifting in ground.For the seedling that specification is larger（H≥120cm）, should be before lifting
Carry out cutting lateral root within one month.Play before seedling 5-7 days, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliar spray 0.2% improves seedling resistance, meanwhile, in advance
It is sufficiently humidified so as to soil within two days.
（3）Seedling Assortment：Seedling must be classified according to height and hat width before plantation, it is ensured that seedling is consistent.Classification
Seedling afterwards is planted in batches, it is ensured that uniformity.
During plantation, seedling is uniformly planted in planting bag center, notices that seedling views and admires the direction in face, the kind at planting bag two
Seedling should select branches and leaves, and intensive to view and admire face good outwardly, it is ensured that seedling is in line and erect plants after plantation.Root system surrounding is true
Protect matrix closely knit, planting depth is advisable to complete to pour matrix after root water higher than soil ball 2cm or so.
2.3.4 root water is with putting a lodged plant upright
Seedling irrigates root water immediately after planting, it is ensured that in planting bag matrix and primitive root system soil ball pour it is even irrigate, second day is again
Pour one time.Pour after root water, if thering is inclination, the nursery stock of lodging to want timely righting to be compacted and water.
2.3.5 disinfection
After root water is irrigated, to plant carry out spray disinfection processing, while coordinate foliage spray, can with 800 times of carbendazim+
0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out foliar spray.
2.3.6 trimming
First time trimming can be carried out after sterilization.During trimming, top is too high using the average height of most of nursery stock as control standard
Pinch, it is ensured that height of seedling is consistent；It is smooth consistent that four sides is made every effort in side dressing.Mainly the side of hedgerow is trimmed, width
It is fixed according to the requirement of specification, wipe out beyond part, side dressing makes every effort to smooth consistent on four sides, and top is averaged with most of seedling
Highly it is control standard, it is ensured that highly consistent.Trimming parameter is as follows first, is shown in Table 5.
The size that 5 kinds of table is trimmed first after planting
| Specification number | Highly（cm） | Width（cm） |
| Plant unit A | 20-30 | 15-20 |
| Plant unit B | 50-60 | 20-30 |
| Plant unit C | 110-120 | 30-40 |
| Plant unit D | 140-150 | 30-40 |
2.3.7 it is fixed
H≥100cm（Plant unit B, C, D）Product need fix.Install and fix at every row planting bag two and centre position
Stake, twice iron wire is drawn along planting bag direction.
First of iron wire is highly higher by planting bag 1-2cm, fixed rhizome position, to fixed root system.Second iron wire is high
Degree（Without planting bag height）Respectively：Plant unit B products are 60cm；Plant unit C, D product are 100cm, nursery stock master
It is solid to schedule on iron wire.
2.4 breeding phase
2.4.1 water management
Being evenly supplied for moisture is to ensure that product grows the important guarantee of uniformity, and hedgerow plantation answers supporting corresponding moisturizing to set
Apply, be advisable with laying spray water belt.Pitch of holes of spraying water is uniform, and spray water belt is close to stromal surface during laying, while noting hole for water spraying
Direction.Ensure that water quality is limpid, forbid hole plug of spraying water.
If condition does not possess artificial recharge to be carried out, matrix " turning white " often inferior to top layer 5cm is watered when drying and is advisable,
Pour even irrigate.
When summer temperature is dry, transpiration rate is big, blade face moisturizing is carried out.
2.4.2 nutrient management
Matrix is mixed with the love bass slow-release fertilizer of 8-10 months, and 3-9 month matrix nutrients are substantially enough, and early stage and later stage are intended to be mended
Fertilizer.Early stage, based on foliage spray；After plantation 15-20 days, with concentration 0.3-0.5% water fertilizing, from answering based on P, K
Hefei, 15 days once until first month terminates after plantation.Plant after about 8-9 months, topdressed, pour apply 0.3-0.5% N,
P, K balance composite fertilizer, and every 15 days once until go out garden.
2.4.3 Pest organism is prevented and treated
Pest and disease damage is relied mainly on prevention, in good time medicine is controlled, and different kind pest and disease damages is variant, and main controlling object is subterranean pest-insect and food
Leaf insect, trunk borer and disease routinely.
Leafeating insect：The insecticide mists such as 50% 1000-1500 times of DDT EC liquid, 800-1000 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate emulsion
Spray preventing and treating.
Aphid is preferable with a piece of blue or green 3000 times of liquid spraying effects.
Leaf blight or anthracnose：50% Tuzet, 65% Mancozeb, 70% thiophanate methyl, 75% Bravo, each 500-
1000 times；
Leaf spot：50% Mancozeb, 70% thiophanate methyl, 50% carbendazim, each 500-1000 times, the chain of upper 400 milliliters of mixing
Mycin effect is more preferable.
Weeds will be handled in time, accomplish " except it is early, except it is small, except ", prevent spreading and propagating for weed seed.
2.4.4 sizing and trimming
Determine that height and width are gradually trimmed by four kinds of " plant unit " product objective specifications.Trim to promote plant unit
Side and top are plentiful, and branches and leaves are intensive, for the purpose of rapid shaping.When side shoot growth is beyond previous trimming plane 10-20cm
Shi Jinhang is trimmed, is bounced back to 3-5cm, and gradually outer straighten reaches target width；When height growth exceeds previous trimming plane
20-25cm is bounced back to during more than 30cm, gradually outer straighten reaches object height.According to different cultivars characteristic, 2-3 is trimmed every year
It is secondary.
2.4.5 HORMONE TREATMENT
When four kinds of " plant unit " product growing heights are had a surplus and side shoot owes intensive, appropriate HORMONE TREATMENT can be taken, specifically
Mode is：On the premise of plant nutrition is in liberal supply, top is trimmed, growth or inhibitory hormone are sprayed sideways, to promote
Enter or control collateral generation.
2.5 going out the garden stage
It can go out garden after four kinds of " plant unit " products are qualified, be loaded and unloaded using special tray carriage, exempt to damage plant shape.
Automobile shipment must be shipped with special handcart, in order to avoid damage plant shape.
Two, hedgerows labyrinths construction 1. is designed
1.1 basic design principles
According to Garden Engineering land occupation condition and construction requirements, suitable plant unit, plant variety are selected, hedgerow labyrinth is carried out and sets
Meter.
Take into full account the composite factors such as plant growth habit, aspect, safety during design, combination of patterns gardens theme position,
The factors such as local humanity.The width of labyrinth internal passageway design is typically not less than 1.5 meters, reserves growing space and the people of plant
Activity space.To take into full account that road general recommendations uses gravel in irrigation and the drainage performance in labyrinth, labyrinth during design
Paving, it is non-sclerous.2. setting-out carries out setting-out according to labyrinth design drawing to plantation groove.Involve a need to arrange terrace, then in advance
Arrange.
3. trench digging
According to setting-out, by the way of first small-sized machine is excavated, artificial benefit digging spy combines afterwards.Dig out the soil such as soil quality come
It is good, curb reservation about 1/2-1/3 it can be continuing with inside as backfill；Such as soil quality is bad, all clears out place, separately
Row is using the backfill of suitable soil.The groove of excavation, general its depth ratio planting bag depth 10cm, width 15cm wider than planting bag.
4. put
It is general using machinery plus artificial construction's mode, under conditions of road network meets small-sized machine, by machinery by plant unit A-D
Put in kind of planting ditch, manually take out planting bag, by seedling righting.Splicing between each plant unit will be connected consolidation, no
Stay obvious spacing.
5. banket
Fine earth, both sides compacting are inserted in root system both sides；Fine earth, thickness 10cm or so are filled out above planting bag simultaneously, is gently pressed
It is real.6. the same day pours root water, observation after the fill compaction that waters, then adjusted in time if any sedimentation situation.
7. maintenance
Because using the transplanting of plant unit finished product seedling, root system is complete, does not have seedling-slowing stage after transplanting, and code is conserved by Garden Engineering,
Maintenance, crown full meticulously, and lines are neat, and labyrinth is compact, elegant in appearance.
Beneficial effects of the present invention include：
1. cardinal principle：Plant is planted using containerization, transplants easy, survival rate is high, uniformity is good, transport facility；
2. in plant walls modular container seedling production process, using dedicated substrate formula, plant growth can be promoted, while reach again
Into refuse reclamation, environmental protection and energy saving are achieved many things at one stroke.
3. individual plantses are cultivated in groups according to different size, a new plant unit is formed, symbiosis microcommunity is formed, surely
It is qualitative good；
4. plant unit completes to trim moulding in cultivating process, go out behind garden by assembly of constructing, enable hedgerow labyrinth quick
After the completion of construction, and construction, you can show the hedgerow labyrinth landscape of shaping.
5. the mode that the present invention assembles industrial products element is applied to during plants landscape construction, by traditional cultivation
Individual plantses construction hedgerow labyrinth, is changed into cultivating plant unit（More than one group plants）；Traditional first transplanting is trimmed to the battalion of shaping afterwards
Mode is built, is changed into first trimming shaping, then is transplanted, the process of trimming moulding is placed on the completion of plant cultivation stage, modern garden is met
The construction of woods landscape is with viewing and admiring requirement.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Preparatory stage
The cultivation of plant unit：Designed according to common hedgerow labyrinth, set plant unit A, plant unit B, plant unit C,
Tetra- kinds of specifications of plant unit D, the plant unit of every kind of specification is divided into rectangular cross-sectional, two kinds of arch section trim mode, plant
The supporting planting bag A of unit A（1）, plant unit B supporting planting bag B, plant unit C supporting planting bag C, plant unit D be supporting
Planting bag D；
Seedling prepares：Corresponding seedling, the prior strict hierarchy of seedling are selected according to different cultivation target calls, it is ensured that health one
Cause, product is planted to the ground produced for plant unit and is completely cured, trimmed and the cultural operations, promotion seedling root such as necessary management
System is flourishing, plant is healthy, side shoot is dense；
Farm Planning：It is prepared by volumetric standard seedling place, selection is equipped with ground cloth, the cultivation place of equipment of sprinkler irrigation, and seedbed is walked
Arranged to North and South direction, it is ensured that seedbed is smooth, cloth laying it is neat, sparge pipe is installed along planting bag placing direction, arranged one by one；
Matrix prepares:Plant unit A, plant unit B compare 4-6 using No. 1 formulation media plantation, No. 1 formulation media by weight：2-
4：1-3 import plantation peat：Ferment wood chip：Pine bark is mixed, and plant unit C, plant unit D are using No. 2 formula bases
Matter, No. 2 formulation medias compare 4-6 by weight：2-4：1-3 import plantation peat：Pine bark：Clear water sand is mixed；Matrix is mixed
The 5kg Ai Beishi slow-release fertilizers of 8-10 months are added when mixing per side；
2）The plantation stage
Container is put：Corresponding planting density is determined according to different cultivation targets；
Matrix is loaded：Before filling, matrix is moistened, its water-holding capacity is reached 60%, matrix filling real component is appropriate, is filled to
The height of container 1/3, ensure during filling planting bag corner tamp, elastic suitable indeformable, Wu Wojiao；
Plantation：Plant the 3-5 months, the 9-10 months to plant and be advisable；
The processing of seedling：Seedling lifting is planted on ground, 120cm seedling is more than for height, in being completely cured the previous moon for lifting
Processing；Play before seedling 5-7 days, foliar spray 0.18-0.22% potassium dihydrogen phosphates improve seedling resistance, meanwhile, carry a few days ago abundant
Moisten soil；
Root water is with putting a lodged plant upright：Seedling irrigates root water immediately after planting, it is ensured that matrix and primitive root system soil ball pour even in planting bag
Irrigate, pour again within second day one time；Pour after root water, if thering is inclination, the nursery stock of lodging to want timely righting to be compacted and water；
Disinfection：After root water is irrigated, spray disinfection processing carried out to plant, while coordinating foliage spray, use 750-850
Times carbendazim+0.18-0.22% potassium dihydrogen phosphates carry out foliar spray；
Trimming：First time trimming is carried out after sterilization, during trimming, top is using the average height of most of nursery stock as control standard, mistake
High pinches, it is ensured that height of seedling is consistent；It is smooth consistent that four sides is made every effort in side dressing；Mainly the side of plant unit is repaiied
Cut, width is fixed according to the requirement of specification, wipes out beyond part, side dressing makes every effort to smooth consistent on four sides, and top is with most of kind
The average height of seedling is control standard, it is ensured that highly consistent；
The size trimmed first after plantation, plant unit A height is 20-30cm, and width is 15-20cm；Plant unit B height
Spend for 50-60cm, width is 20-30cm；Plant unit C height is 110-120cm, and width is 30-40cm；Plant unit D
Height be 140-150cm, width is 30-40cm；
It is fixed：Plant unit highly more than or equal to 60cm needs to fix, and installs solid at every row planting bag two and centre position
Determine stake, twice iron wire is drawn along planting bag placing direction；
3）Breeding phase
Water management：Being evenly supplied for moisture is to ensure that product grows the important guarantee of uniformity, and hedgerow plantation is supporting corresponding
Moisturizing facility；
Nutrient management：Early stage and later stage are intended to carry out supplementary fertilizer, early stage, based on foliage spray；After plantation 15-20 days, with concentration
0.3-0.5% water fertilizing, from the composite fertilizer based on P, K, 15 days once until first month terminates after plantation；Plantation is about
After 8-9 months, topdressed, pour N, P, K balance composite fertilizer for applying 0.3-0.5%, every 15 days once until go out garden；
Pest organism is prevented and treated：Pest and disease damage is relied mainly on prevention, in good time medicine is controlled；
Sizing and trimming：Height is determined by plant unit A, plant unit B, plant unit C, plant unit D goal standards and wide
Degree is gradually trimmed, and trimming is to promote plant unit side and top plentiful, and branches and leaves are intensive, for the purpose of rapid shaping, work as side
Face shoot growth is trimmed when exceeding previous trimming plane 10-20cm, bounces back to 3-5cm, and gradually outer straighten reaches target
Width；20-25cm is bounced back to when height growth exceeds previous trimming more than plane 30cm, gradually outer straighten reaches target height
Degree；
It is annual to trim 2-3 times according to different cultivars characteristic；
HORMONE TREATMENT：As plant unit A, plant unit B, plant unit C, plant unit D growing heights are had a surplus and side shoot owes close
During collection, on the premise of plant nutrition is in liberal supply, top is trimmed, growth or inhibitory hormone are sprayed sideways, to promote
Or control collateral generation；
4）Going out the garden stage
It can go out garden after plant unit A, plant unit B, plant unit C, plant unit D are qualified；
5）Construct in hedgerow labyrinth
According to Garden Engineering land occupation condition and construction requirements, suitable plant unit, plant variety are selected, hedgerow labyrinth is carried out and sets
Meter；The width of labyrinth internal passageway design is not less than 1.5 meters, and road uses gravel paving in labyrinth, non-sclerous；Set according to labyrinth
Meter figure, setting-out is carried out to planting groove, according to setting-out, by the way of first small-sized machine excavation, rear artificial benefit dig spy's combination,
The soil dug out such as soil quality is good, and curb retains about 1/2-1/3 and is continuing with as backfill inside；Such as soil quality not
It is good, place is all cleared out, is separately backfilled using suitable soil；The groove of excavation, its depth ratio planting bag depth 10cm, width is than planting
Plant the wide 15cm of bag；Using machinery plus artificial construction's mode, under conditions of road network meets small-sized machine, by machinery by plant unit
A-D is put in kind of planting ditch, artificial to take out planting bag A-D, by seedling righting；Splicing between each plant unit will be connected tight
It is real, obvious spacing is not stayed；Fine earth, both sides compacting are inserted in root system both sides；Fine earth, thickness are filled out above planting bag simultaneously
10cm, is gently compacted；The same day pours root water, observation after fill compaction；A-D finished products seedling is transplanted, and root system is complete, without slow after transplanting
In seedling stage, code, meticulously maintenance are conserved by Garden Engineering.
2. a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that plant unit A height is
50cm, length is 100cm width 30cm, and clear bole height is 5cm, and cultivation period is 8 months；Plant unit B height is 100cm,
Length is 100cm width 40cm, and clear bole height is 10cm, and cultivation period is 12 months；Plant unit C height is 150cm, length
For 100cm width 50cm, clear bole height is 15cm, and cultivation period is 18 months；Plant unit D height is 200cm, and length is
100cm width 60cm, clear bole height is 20cm, and cultivation period is 18 months；Planting bag A length is 90cm, and width is 20cm,
Depth is 20cm, and plant strain number is 6 plants；Planting bag B length is 90cm, and width is 30cm, and depth is 25cm, transplants strain number
For 4 plants；Planting bag C length is 90cm, and width is 40cm, and depth is 30cm, and plant strain number is 3 plants；Planting bag D length
For 90cm, width is 40cm, and depth is 30cm, and plant strain number is 3 plants.
3. a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that plant unit A correspondence seedlings
The height of specification is 30-40cm, hat width 20-30cm；The height of plant unit B correspondence seedling specifications is 60-80cm, hat width 30-
40cm；The height of plant unit C correspondence seedling specifications is 120-140cm, hat width 40-50cm；Plant unit D correspondence seedling specifications
Height be 160-180cm, hat width 50-60cm.
4. a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that plantation stage：All plantations
Bag bag spacing 8-12 cm；It is individual that plant unit A puts line-spacing 70-90cm, every mu of 730-780；Plant unit B puts line-spacing 75-
85cm, every mu 720-770；Plant unit C's puts line-spacing 110-130cm, every mu 450-550；Plant unit D's puts
Line-spacing 115-125cm, every mu of 450-550 is individual；Planting bag is linearly distributed along seedbed direction.
5. a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that plantation stage：First of iron
Silk height is higher by planting bag 1-2cm, fixed root neck position, to fixed root system；Highly, plant unit B is second iron wire
At 60cm；Plant unit C, plant unit D products are that at 100cm, nursery stock trunk is fixed on iron wire.
6. a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that plantation stage：To lay spray
Water band is advisable, and water spray pitch of holes is uniform, and spray water belt is close to stromal surface during laying, while noting the direction of hole for water spraying, it is ensured that water
Matter is limpid, forbid hole plug of spraying water；If condition does not possess artificial recharge to be carried out, often the matrix inferior to top layer 5cm is turned white dry
Water and be advisable when dry, pour even irrigate；When summer temperature is dry, transpiration rate is big, blade face moisturizing is carried out.
7. a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that leafeating insect is opposed with 50% enemy
Fear 1000-1500 times of liquid of missible oil, the 800-1000 times of liquid mist spray preventing and treating of 40% dimethoate emulsion, aphid is sprayed with a piece of blue or green 3000 times of liquid
Effect is preferable；Leaf blight or anthracnose are with 50% Tuzet, 65% Mancozeb, 70% thiophanate methyl, 75% Bravo, each 500-
1000 times；Leaf spot each 500-1000 times, mixes upper 400 milliliters with 50% Mancozeb, 70% thiophanate methyl, 50% carbendazim
Streptomysin；Weeds are handled in time, prevent spreading and propagating for weed seed.
8. a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that below height 100cm production
Product, cultivate route, multiple truncation promotes branch since seedling using successively trimming, while repeatedly laterally being trimmed, cultivate
Planting bag culture is moved into after to regulatory specifications, is repeatedly cultivated after trimming to finished product；More than height 150cm product, using trunk
The technology path that positioning trimming is cultivated, first cultivates seedling trunk, promotes side shoot to sprout while carrying out lateral trimming, is reached in trunk
After respective heights, according to target the line of production carries out fixed dry, the multiple oriented sideways trimming of trunk height to seedling, promotes side shoot close
Collection, before transplanting by less than being completely cured more than twice in container width 15cm, promoting well developed root system, then move into planting bag train
Support, repeatedly cultivated after trimming to finished product.
9. a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that planting bag A（1）Upper limb two
Side, which is worn, connects setting shadoof（2）, planting bag A sides set osculum（3）, planting bag B, planting bag C, planting bag D structure and kind
Plant bag A（1）Structure it is identical.
10. a kind of quick molding method in hedgerow labyrinth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that Seedling Assortment：Before plantation
Seedling must be classified according to height and hat width, it is ensured that seedling is consistent, and the seedling after classification is planted in batches, it is ensured that consistent
Property；During plantation, seedling is uniformly planted in planting bag center, notices that seedling views and admires the direction in face, the seedling selection at planting bag two
Branches and leaves are intensive, and to view and admire face good outwardly, it is ensured that seedling is in line and erect plants after plantation；Root system surrounding ensures that matrix is close
Real, planting depth is advisable with completing to pour matrix after root water higher than soil ball 2cm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107494169A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2017-12-22 | 亿利首建生态科技有限公司 | A kind of hedgerow planting and establishing method |
| CN110463555A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-19 | 南阳师范学院 | A kind of construction and construction method being carved into scape flower hedge |
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| CN102577858A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-18 | 南京绿色组合环保有限公司 | Vertical cultivation method of greening modules |
| CN103250533A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating plant green wattle wall |
| CN103432754A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-12-11 | 浙江农林大学 | Corn maze and design method thereof |
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| CN102031880A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-27 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | Vegetable maze and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102577858A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-18 | 南京绿色组合环保有限公司 | Vertical cultivation method of greening modules |
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| CN107494169A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2017-12-22 | 亿利首建生态科技有限公司 | A kind of hedgerow planting and establishing method |
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