CN103130561A - High quality flowering plant compost - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to high quality flowering plant compost. The materials for preparing the compost comprise fine sand, garden soil, mould leaf soil, mountain mud, rice chaff ash, plant ash, peat soil, animal manure soil, bone meal, sawdust and pine needles. The compost is prepared by the materials according to a certain ratio and the high quality flowering plant compost is formed after retting and fermentation.

Description

High-quality flower growth compost

One, technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of compound method of flower culturing soil.

Two, background technology

The flower culturing soil of good reasonable preparation is the basis of having planted flowers, takes full advantage of the slack resources that occurring in nature provides, and both saves, again environmental protection.These homemade flower culturing soils, fertile, loose, penetrating, contain the required various nutrient elements of flowers and abundant organic matter, fertilizer efficiency is gentle lasting, also can improve soil, makes soil form crumb structure, coordinate the empty G﹠W in soil, extremely beneficial to growing of flowers.The essential of plantation flowers.

Three, summary of the invention

The present invention is a kind of compost of suitable flower growth, and the material of preparation compost has: vegetarian noodles sandy soil, garden mould, leaf-humidified soil, mountain mud, rice chaff ash and plant ash, peat soil, barnyard manure soil, bone meal, wood chip, pine needle.Above material is prepared by a certain percentage, and fermentation has just become first-class flower culturing soil through retting.

Four, embodiment

(1) ratio of preparation compost

1, should grasp flexibly according to the condition of flower growth habit and compost material character and locality.General potted flower, compost configuration proportion commonly used is leaf-humidified soil (or peat soil): garden mould: river sand: bone meal=35:30:30:5, or leaf-humidified soil (or peat soil), vegetarian noodles sandy soil, decomposed manure material, calcium superphosphate etc. mix by 5:3.5:1:0.5 the rear use of sieving.Above-mentioned compost mostly is neutrality or slant acidity, is fit to most of flowers and uses.

2, be used for cultivating the flowers and trees of the happiness sour earths such as camellia, cuckoo, should mix approximately 0.2% SULPHUR POWDER; Cultivate the flowers such as Stem of Multiple Hedgehogcactus, should add the approximately 10% fallen wall skin soil of left and right lime wall stripping etc. of people.

3, mountain mud: garden mould: soil ulmin: rice chaff ash (plant ash) equals 2: 2: 1: 1, or garden mould: compost: river sand: plant ash equals 4: 4: 2: 1.This is a kind of light loam, is applicable to general pot flowers, as poinsettia, chrysanthemum, Impatiens Hybriden, asparagus fern, cineraria, Flos Pelargonii etc.

4, mountain mud: soil ulmin: garden mould equals 1: 1: 4.This is a kind of heavy loam, is applicable to the slant acidity flowers, as Milan, kumquat, jasmine, flower of Capa Jasmine etc.

5, garden mould: mountain mud: river sand equaled 1: 2: 1 or garden mould: plant ash equals 2: 1, is applicable to the meta-alkalescence flowers, as Root and stem of Cholla, Stem of Multiple Hedgehogcactus, Gem flower-shaped three-dimensional jig-saw puzzle etc.Six, garden mould: rice chaff ash equaled 1: 1 or used separately river sand, was used for cuttage or inserted and plant.(2) the compost material is prepared:

1 vegetarian noodles sandy soil

Vegetarian noodles sandy soil: take from the river shoal more.River sand draining permeability is good, multiplex in mixing other cultivated material in order to draining.Mix in heavy soil, can improve the soil physics structure, increase the drainage of soil air permeability.Shortcoming is to have no fertility.Can be used as the material of preparation compost, also can be used alone as cuttage or sowing media.When sea sand is used as compost, must rinse with fresh water, otherwise saltiness is too high, affects flower growth.2 garden mould garden moulds: garden mould claims again vegetable garden soil, rural area soil, takes from the soil of the surface layers such as vegetable garden, orchard.Contain certain soil ulmin, and physical behavior is preferably arranged, the basic material of the most composts of Chang Zuowei.This is common cultivating soil, and because of often fertilising farming, fertility is higher, and crumb structure is good, is one of main raw material of preparation compost.Shortcoming is that when doing, easily harden in the top layer, and when wet, ventilating permeable is poor, can not use separately.The top layer silty loam of planting vegetables or legume crop is best.3 leaf-humidified soils

Leaf-humidified soil: formed by compostings such as fallen leaves, withered grass.Humus content is high, and water-retentivity is strong, and permeability is good, is one of main raw of preparation compost.Leaf-humidified soil claims again muck soils, is that the leaf that utilizes each kind of plant, weeds etc. are mixed garden mould, adds water and human excrement, through the compost of piling up, fermentation maturity forms.It is acid that the pH value is.Use after needing to sieve through being exposed to the sun.4 mountain mud

Mountain mud: two kinds, minute Mount Huang mud and Black Hills mud are to be formed by long-term accumulation of intermountain tree deciduous leaf.Be a kind of natural muck soils that contains, the soil is porous, and it is acid that Black Hills mud is, and contains soil ulmin more; Mount Huang mud is also acid, contains soil ulmin less.Mount Huang mud is compared with Black Hills mud, and the former quality is sticking heavy, contains soil ulmin also few.Mountain mud is commonly used for the main compost raw material of the happiness acid flowers such as camellia, orchid, cuckoo.5 rice chaff ashes and plant ash

Rice chaff ash and plant ash: rice chaff ash is the ash after rice husk burns till, and slightly meta-alkalescence, contain potassium element, the draining good permeability.Plant ash is the ash after straw or other weeds burn till.Both all contain abundant potash fertilizer.Add in compost, make it draining good, loosing soil, and increased potash fertilizer content, pH value meta-alkalescence.6 peat soils

Peat soil: be to be formed by the sphagnum moss charing.Because the stage that forms is different, be divided into two kinds of brown mud charcoal and black mud charcoals.The brown mud charcoal contains abundant organic matter, reacts acid; The black mud charcoal contains more mineral substance, and is organic less, is little sour flight of steps leading to a palace hall or neutral reaction.7 barnyard manure soil

Barnyard manure soil: mixed the accumulation rettings such as people's garden mould, sewage by things such as animal excrement, fallen leaves and form, have more rich fertility.In addition, also having pond sludge, river silt, needle soil, soddy soil, rotten wood chip, vermiculite, perlite etc., is all good materials of preparation compost.

8 bone meal

Bone meal: bone meal is that the assorted bone of animal is ground, and the fertile powder that fermentation is made contains a large amount of phosphate fertilizer.Each add-on must not surpass 1% of total amount.

9 wood chips

Wood chip: this is a kind of cultivated material that new development is in recent years got up, and is loose and ventilate, and water conservation, water permeability are good, extremely efficient in preserving heat, lightweight clean hygiene again.The pH value is neutrality and subacidity.Can be used alone as compost, but wood chip source is wideless, fixing plant when using separately.Therefore, many and other materials mixes use, increases the draining ventilation property of compost.

10 pine needles

Prepare compost with pine needle: under the fallen leaves pine tree, the annual autumn and winter all can have been amassed one deck fallen leaves, and larchen leaf is tiny, light weight, softness, easily pulverize, and after this fallen leaves are piled up for some time, can prepare the material of compost, and are particularly desirable with its cultivation cuckoo.Tamarack also can be used as preparation acidity, subacidity, and improves compost material loose, permeability.(3) make the compost precaution

The sterilization of potted plant soil: general potted plant compost does not need special sterilization, as long as through sunlight exposure.This is because flowers itself have certain resistivity on the one hand; On the other hand, contain a large amount of microorganisms in soil, their activity decomposites many nutritive substances successively, with preservation of fertility, is conducive to the flowers and trees growth.Also available high-temperature sterilization, or pharmacy disinfection, but microorganism is killed, and the organic substance in soil can not decompose, and is unfavorable for that flowers and trees absorb.The compost that is used for cuttage and sowing is wanted strict sterilization, because germ easily invades in the flowers and trees body from the plugged ear wound, causes rottenly, and impact survives, concerning sowing, and the harsh bud that goes out, resistibility is very weak, and microorganism often causes it mouldy.Soil disinfection method commonly used: the retort sterilization method is that the compost that has prepared is put into appropriate containers, and retort sterilization got final product in 30 minutes.The pharmacy disinfection method is mainly to sterilize with formalin.Evenly sprinkle 4 milliliters to 5 milliliters of 40% formalin solutions in every liter of compost, then sealing, do not make its gas leakage.Place 2 days Kaifeng afterwards.The impact of soil acidity or alkalinity on flowers: soil acidity or alkalinity pH value representation.PH value＜5.0 are strongly-acid, and pH value 5.0～6.5 is acid, and pH value 6.5～7.5 is neutral, and pH value 7.5～8.5 is alkalescence, and pH value＞8.5 are strong basicity.If soil acidity or alkalinity is improper, can hinder plant to the absorption of nutrient, because potential of hydrogen is relevant with the solubleness of mineral salt.The validity of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, Calcium Magnesium Sulphur, iron, manganese, molybdenum, boron, copper, zinc etc. in mineral nutrient, all difference with the power of soil solution acid-basicity.The mensuration of soil acidity or alkalinity: the compost that takes a morsel, put into glass cylinder, in soil: the ratio of water=1: 2 adds water, fully stirs, and dips clear liquor with litmus paper or wide pH value test paper, according to the variation of test paper color its potential of hydrogen as can be known.The adjustment of soil acidity or alkalinity: when acidity is too high, can mixes some lime powders or increase the ratio of plant ash (rice chaff ash also can) in compost.When alkalescence is too high, can add appropriate Tai-Ace S 150 (alum), ferrous sulfate (green vitriol) or SULPHUR POWDER.Use ammonium sulfate during nitrogen fertilizer application, surface soil alkalinity is reduced, acidity increases.With the fruit peel alkaline basin soil that also can neutralize, Pericarpium Mali pumilae and apple core cold water soak, water through this water commonly used, can alleviate gradually the alkalescence of basin soil.

Claims (5)

1. the compost of a suitable flower growth, the basic material that it is characterized in that this compost is vegetarian noodles sandy soil, garden mould, leaf-humidified soil, mountain mud, rice chaff ash and plant ash, peat soil, barnyard manure soil, bone meal, wood chip, pine needle.

2. flower growth compost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that most flowers are fit to neutrality or slant acidity, configuration proportion is leaf-humidified soil (or peat soil): garden mould: river sand: bone meal=35:30:30:5, or leaf-humidified soil (or peat soil), vegetarian noodles sandy soil, decomposed manure material, calcium superphosphate etc. mix by 5:3.5:1:0.5 the rear use of sieving.

3. flower growth compost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that applicable general pot flowers, be mountain mud as proportionings such as poinsettia, chrysanthemum, Impatiens Hybriden, asparagus fern, cineraria, Flos Pelargoniis: garden mould: soil ulmin: rice chaff ash (plant ash) equals 2: 2: 1: 1, or garden mould: compost: river sand: plant ash equals 4: 4: 2: 1.

4. flower growth compost according to claim 1, is characterized in that being applicable to the slant acidity flowers, and be mountain mud as proportionings such as Milan, kumquat, jasmine, flower of Capa Jasmine: soil ulmin: garden mould equals 1: 1: 4.

5. flower growth compost according to claim 1, is characterized in that being applicable to the meta-alkalescence flowers, and as proportioning garden moulds such as Root and stem of Cholla, Stem of Multiple Hedgehogcactus, Gem flower-shaped three-dimensional jig-saw puzzles: mountain mud: river sand equaled 1: 2: 1 or garden mould: plant ash equals 2: 1.