CN109924060A - A kind of container culturing method of North American begonia - Google Patents
A kind of container culturing method of North American begonia Download PDFInfo
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- CN109924060A CN109924060A CN201910370145.3A CN201910370145A CN109924060A CN 109924060 A CN109924060 A CN 109924060A CN 201910370145 A CN201910370145 A CN 201910370145A CN 109924060 A CN109924060 A CN 109924060A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia, include the following steps: that (1) place election arranges;(2) selection of seedling;(3) cultivation matrix configures: with garden waste, turf, perlite, soil is as cultivation matrix, the volume ratio of each ingredient are as follows: garden waste 5-20%, turf 40-60%, perlite 20-30%, soil 5-20%;(4) cultivation matrix is packed into cultivating container;(5) Nursery stock transplanting;(6) cultivating seedlings management, the present invention is with garden waste, turf, perlite and soil can effectively avoid EC value excessively high and damage plant as cultivation matrix, and plant percent is high, upgrowth situation is good, growth cycle is short, can save soil resource, moreover it is possible to make full use of to garden waste, turn waste into wealth, the requirement for meeting sustainable development, has broad application prospects, and is conducive to promote and apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology more particularly to a kind of container culturing methods of North American begonia.
Background technique
North American begonia be rose suborder, rosaceae, Malus defoliation small arbor, original seed come from Asia, many kinds
All it is that selection cross comes out, resists cold drought-enduring, is suitable for the soil environment of meta-alkalescence.North American begonia is tree-like compact, and the florescence 4 is below the moon
Ten days, the fruit mature period 6-10 month.North American begonia is Ji Guan flower, sees leaf, sees the ornamental tree species that fruit is integrated, and flower amount is dense dazzlingly beautiful,
Bright in luster, fruit shiny red is the preferable ornamental plantation tree in China through transplanting frequently as potted landscape, and in mountain stone, waterside
Kind.
Improvement of the ecological environment needs a large amount of good Nursery Stocks, and China mostly uses traditional ground to plant Miao Fang at present
Method, the survival rate and social benefit of nursery stock are relatively low after transplanting.And tree transplanted also needs carrying corresponding to crown diameter big
Small Tu Tuo and the vigor that nursery stock is kept with straw rope winding, not only break up soil resource, time-consuming of taking a lot of work also is difficult to ensure and survives
Rate.And container seedling has just well solved this problem, has the function of apparent extraneous root, control root and promotes root growth, seedling
The wooden survival rate is relatively high, and cultivation period is opposite to be shortened, and has no requirement to soil, and need not be accounted for container culturing seedlings
It with good farmland, can put on any soil that can not be cultivated, can be transplanted seedlings in the four seasons and be not required to slow seedling, the plant for big nursery stock
And tree planting has apparent advantage under the adverse circumstances such as desertification, meets the requirement of sustainable development, has good ecology
Benefit.
The service life of cultivating container, it can be used repeatedly generally at 5 years or more, economizes on resources well.The one of container culturing
Big advantage is can with anti-season to meet garden layout requirement, unlimitedly provides Nursery Stock, and container in the four seasons
The seedling quality and cultivation survival rate of cultivation are higher, and afforestation effect is preferable.The cultivation of container seedling belongs to liftoff production, institute
The salt-soda soil for being not suitable for plant growth can be efficiently used, to reduce land use cost.The production method of container culturing
The advantage being had has very important significance to the industry promotion in the fields such as fruit tree, greening seedling, ornamental plant.Development
Container seedling wood products can solve to plant several disadvantages of the seedling in afforestation existingly to a certain extent, and it is green to promote gardens
It is horizontal to change beautification.
But in order to push the output of Nursery Stock Industry, promotion China gardens cause integrates with developed country, container nursery stock
Production method also needs to advanced optimize, and the plant percent of container culturing needs to be further increased, and growth cycle also needs further
Shorten.In addition, container culturing substrate is mostly soil in the prior art, larger, a large amount of garden waste is consumed to soil resource
Fail to turn waste into wealth, is converted into available organic substrate and is secondary use, exacerbate environmental pollution.Therefore, for Bei Meihai
This good ornamental plantation tree species of Chinese bush cherry are badly in need of researching and developing a kind of novel container culturing method, to fully and rationally use resource
While, its plant percent is further increased, seedling growth situation is improved, shortens growth cycle.
In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of container culturing methods of North American begonia, with garden waste, turf, perlite
With soil as cultivation matrix, it can effectively avoid EC value excessively high and damage plant, plant percent is high, and upgrowth situation is good, raw
Long period is short, can save soil resource, moreover it is possible to make full use of, turn waste into wealth to garden waste, meet sustainable development
It is required that having broad application prospects, be conducive to promote and apply.
To achieve the goals above, a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia provided by the invention, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
(1) place election arranges: select topography flat, on the sunny side and draining is smoothly local as place, dispose weeds,
The barriers such as stone are laid with permeable net woven fabric after smooth location, and are equipped with irrigating facility, and when summer high temperature will do seedling suitable
When sun-shading;
(2) selection of seedling: the North American begonia of raw grafting in selection 2 years, using mountain fourth as the stock of grafting;
(3) cultivation matrix configures: with garden waste, turf, perlite, soil is as cultivation matrix, the body of each ingredient
Product ratio are as follows: garden waste 5-20%, turf 40-60%, perlite 20-30%, soil 5-20%;
(4) cultivation matrix is packed into cultivating container: choosing non-woven fabrics beauty and plants bag as cultivating container, by configured cultivation base
Matter is fitted into cultivating container, is first paved with a quarter of cultivating container, certain to guarantee to have after Nursery stock transplanting enters cultivating container
Cultivation matrix is supported, then Nursery stock transplanting is entered cultivating container;
(5) Nursery stock transplanting: the North American begonia nursery stock of selection is put into cultivating container, cultivation matrix is then reloaded into, does not have
Cross seedling root;
(6) cultivating seedlings management: pouring primary permeable after transplanting, pours a water, autumn and winter daily in spring and summer later
A water was poured every two days, the seedling root development after transplanting is unstable, needs to apply root-inducing powder, plum rains season to the nursery stock just transplanted
Section sprays fungicide, top dressing after three months.
Preferably, net woven fabric can prevent the root system of seedling growth from protruding into soil through net woven fabric in the step (1).
Preferably, the method for sun-shading is that the sunshade net of 2m is built above nursery stock in the step (1).
Preferably, the seedling ground diameter of step (2) Middle and North America Malus spectabilis is 2-3cm.
Preferably, the EC value of cultivation matrix is 0.3-2.0, pH value 6.0-8.0, bulk density 0.1- in the step (3)
0.5g/cm3, total porosity 50-80%, the content of organic matter >=20%, total nutrient content 1-3%.
Preferably, in the step (4) non-woven fabrics beauty plant bag size be 30cm × 30cm × 30cm, good air permeability,
Small in size, light weight is corrosion-resistant not go mouldy.
Preferably, cultivation matrix did not had seedling root to be compacted in the step (5), added cultivation again as the case may be
Matrix.
Preferably, root-inducing powder is the molten liquid manure material of microelement in the step (6), includes potassium nitrate, organic potassium and is taken root
The factor.
Preferably, the fungicide that plum rain season is sprayed in the step (6) is methyl sulfur bacterium and Mancozeb, and the two is handed over
Mutually use.
Preferably, top dressing uses slow-release fertilizer or Controlled Release Fertilizer in the step (6), and every seedlings apply 0.5-1.5g, selection
It applies fertilizer, is poured after fertilising primary permeable in the morning.
A kind of container culturing method of North American begonia provided by the invention, has the advantages that.
1. the present invention, as cultivation matrix, can effectively avoid EC value mistake with garden waste, turf, perlite and soil
High and damage plant, plant percent is high, and upgrowth situation is good, and growth cycle is short, can save soil resource, moreover it is possible to useless to gardens
Gurry makes full use of, and turns waste into wealth, and meets the requirement of sustainable development, has broad application prospects, and is conducive to promote and apply.
2. the present invention is chanced on by carrying out reasonably optimizing to the ratio between each ingredient of cultivation matrix when each ingredient
Volume ratio are as follows: when garden waste 5-20%, turf 40-60%, perlite 20-30%, soil 5-20%, deposited between each ingredient
It is acting synergistically, plant percent highest, upgrowth situation is best, and growth cycle is most short.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below, to help the contents of the present invention are understood.
Embodiment 1
A kind of container culturing method of North American begonia, includes the following steps:
(1) place election arranges: select topography flat, on the sunny side and draining is smoothly local as place, dispose weeds,
The barriers such as stone are laid with permeable net woven fabric after smooth location, and are equipped with irrigating facility, and when summer high temperature will do seedling suitable
When sun-shading, the sunshade net of 2m is built above nursery stock;
(2) selection of seedling: the North American begonia of raw grafting in selection 2 years, using mountain fourth as the stock of grafting;
(3) cultivation matrix configures: choosing the garden waste that volume ratio is 15: 50: 30: 5, turf, perlite and soil
As cultivation matrix, pH value 7.5, EC value is 1.0;
(4) cultivation matrix be packed into cultivating container: after cultivation matrix is sufficiently mixed be packed into specification be 30cm × 30cm ×
The non-woven fabrics beauty of 30cm is planted in bag, and a quarter that non-woven fabrics beauty plants bag is first paved with, and is planted with guaranteeing that Nursery stock transplanting enters non-woven fabrics beauty
There is certain cultivation matrix to support after bag;
(5) Nursery stock transplanting: selected North American begonia nursery stock being put into cultivating container, cultivation matrix is then reloaded into,
Seedling root is not crossed, puts a basin nursery stock at interval of 40cm on sorting out the place come after installing;
(6) cultivating seedlings management: pouring primary permeable after transplanting, pours a water, autumn and winter daily in spring and summer later
A water was poured every two days, the seedling root development after transplanting is unstable, needs to apply root-inducing powder, plum rains season to the nursery stock just transplanted
Section sprays fungicide methyl sulfur bacterium and Mancozeb, both fungicide intervals are sprayed for one week, impose slow-release fertilizer after three months, selects
It selects and applies fertilizer in the morning, poured after fertilising primary permeable.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of container culturing method of North American begonia, includes the following steps:
(1) place election arranges: select topography flat, on the sunny side and draining is smoothly local as place, dispose weeds,
The barriers such as stone are laid with permeable net woven fabric after smooth location, and are equipped with irrigating facility, and when summer high temperature will do seedling suitable
When sun-shading, the sunshade net of 2m is built above nursery stock;
(2) selection of seedling: the North American begonia of raw grafting in selection 2 years, using mountain fourth as the stock of grafting;
(3) cultivation matrix configures: choosing the garden waste that volume ratio is 5: 55: 30: 10, turf, perlite and soil
As cultivation matrix, pH value 7.6, EC value is 1.1;
(4) cultivation matrix be packed into cultivating container: after cultivation matrix is sufficiently mixed be packed into specification be 30cm × 30cm ×
The non-woven fabrics beauty of 30cm is planted in bag, and a quarter that non-woven fabrics beauty plants bag is first paved with, and is planted with guaranteeing that Nursery stock transplanting enters non-woven fabrics beauty
There is certain cultivation matrix to support after bag;
(5) Nursery stock transplanting: selected North American begonia nursery stock being put into cultivating container, cultivation matrix is then reloaded into,
Seedling root is not crossed, puts a basin nursery stock at interval of 40cm on sorting out the place come after installing;
(6) cultivating seedlings management: pouring primary permeable after transplanting, pours a water, autumn and winter daily in spring and summer later
A water was poured every two days, the seedling root development after transplanting is unstable, needs to apply root-inducing powder, plum rains season to the nursery stock just transplanted
Section sprays fungicide methyl sulfur bacterium and Mancozeb, both fungicide intervals are sprayed for one week, impose slow-release fertilizer after three months, selects
It selects and applies fertilizer in the morning, poured after fertilising primary permeable.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of container culturing method of North American begonia, includes the following steps:
(1) place election arranges: select topography flat, on the sunny side and draining is smoothly local as place, dispose weeds,
The barriers such as stone are laid with permeable net woven fabric after smooth location, and are equipped with irrigating facility, and when summer high temperature will do seedling suitable
When sun-shading, the sunshade net of 2m is built above nursery stock;
(2) selection of seedling: the North American begonia of raw grafting in selection 2 years, using mountain fourth as the stock of grafting;
(3) cultivation matrix configures: choosing the garden waste that volume ratio is 10: 45: 30: 15, turf, perlite and soil
As cultivation matrix, pH value 6.9, EC value is 0.4;
(4) cultivation matrix be packed into cultivating container: after cultivation matrix is sufficiently mixed be packed into specification be 30cm × 30cm ×
The non-woven fabrics beauty of 30cm is planted in bag, and a quarter that non-woven fabrics beauty plants bag is first paved with, and is planted with guaranteeing that Nursery stock transplanting enters non-woven fabrics beauty
There is certain cultivation matrix to support after bag;
(5) Nursery stock transplanting: selected North American begonia nursery stock being put into cultivating container, cultivation matrix is then reloaded into,
Seedling root is not crossed, puts a basin nursery stock at interval of 40cm on sorting out the place come after installing;
(6) cultivating seedlings management: pouring primary permeable after transplanting, pours a water, autumn and winter daily in spring and summer later
A water was poured every two days, the seedling root development after transplanting is unstable, needs to apply root-inducing powder, plum rains season to the nursery stock just transplanted
Section sprays fungicide methyl sulfur bacterium and Mancozeb, both fungicide intervals are sprayed for one week, impose slow-release fertilizer after three months, selects
It selects and applies fertilizer in the morning, poured after fertilising primary permeable.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of container culturing method of North American begonia, includes the following steps:
(1) place election arranges: select topography flat, on the sunny side and draining is smoothly local as place, dispose weeds,
The barriers such as stone are laid with permeable net woven fabric after smooth location, and are equipped with irrigating facility, and when summer high temperature will do seedling suitable
When sun-shading, the sunshade net of 2m is built above nursery stock;
(2) selection of seedling: the North American begonia of raw grafting in selection 2 years, using mountain fourth as the stock of grafting;
(3) cultivation matrix configures: choosing the garden waste that volume ratio is 5: 55: 25: 15, turf, perlite and soil
As cultivation matrix, pH value 7.3, EC value is 0.8;
(4) cultivation matrix be packed into cultivating container: after cultivation matrix is sufficiently mixed be packed into specification be 30cm × 30cm ×
The non-woven fabrics beauty of 30cm is planted in bag, and a quarter that non-woven fabrics beauty plants bag is first paved with, and is planted with guaranteeing that Nursery stock transplanting enters non-woven fabrics beauty
There is certain cultivation matrix to support after bag;
(5) Nursery stock transplanting: selected North American begonia nursery stock being put into cultivating container, cultivation matrix is then reloaded into,
Seedling root is not crossed, puts a basin nursery stock at interval of 40cm on sorting out the place come after installing;
(6) cultivating seedlings management: pouring primary permeable after transplanting, pours a water, autumn and winter daily in spring and summer later
A water was poured every two days, the seedling root development after transplanting is unstable, needs to apply root-inducing powder, plum rains season to the nursery stock just transplanted
Section sprays fungicide methyl sulfur bacterium and Mancozeb, both fungicide intervals are sprayed for one week, impose slow-release fertilizer after three months, selects
It selects and applies fertilizer in the morning, poured after fertilising primary permeable.
Reference examples:
A kind of container culturing method of North American begonia, includes the following steps:
(1) place election arranges: select topography flat, on the sunny side and draining is smoothly local as place, dispose weeds,
The barriers such as stone are laid with permeable net woven fabric after smooth location, and are equipped with irrigating facility, and when summer high temperature will do seedling suitable
When sun-shading, the sunshade net of 2m is built above nursery stock;
(2) selection of seedling: the North American begonia of raw grafting in selection 2 years, using mountain fourth as the stock of grafting;
(3) cultivation matrix configure: choose volume ratio be 75: 0: 12.5: 12.5 garden waste, turf, perlite and
Soil is 3.0 as cultivation matrix, pH value 8.2, EC value;
(4) cultivation matrix be packed into cultivating container: after cultivation matrix is sufficiently mixed be packed into specification be 30cm × 30cm ×
The non-woven fabrics beauty of 30cm is planted in bag, and a quarter that non-woven fabrics beauty plants bag is first paved with, and is planted with guaranteeing that Nursery stock transplanting enters non-woven fabrics beauty
There is certain cultivation matrix to support after bag;
(5) Nursery stock transplanting: selected North American begonia nursery stock being put into cultivating container, cultivation matrix is then reloaded into,
Seedling root is not crossed, puts a basin nursery stock at interval of 40cm on sorting out the place come after installing;
(6) cultivating seedlings management: pouring primary permeable after transplanting, pours a water, autumn and winter daily in spring and summer later
A water was poured every two days, the seedling root development after transplanting is unstable, needs to apply root-inducing powder, plum rains season to the nursery stock just transplanted
Section sprays fungicide methyl sulfur bacterium and Mancozeb, both fungicide intervals are sprayed for one week, impose slow-release fertilizer after three months, selects
It selects and applies fertilizer in the morning, poured after fertilising primary permeable.
In order to show implementation result of the invention, to the Bei Meihai cultivated using embodiment 1-4 cultural method
The North American begonia that Chinese bush cherry and reference examples use other cultural methods to cultivate carries out plant percent, average height of seedling and average ground diameter
Data statistics, every group of embodiment and reference examples do 50 parallel laboratory tests, and initial average height of seedling and initially averagely ground diameter are at the beginning of 5 months
Side amount is carried out when phase nursery stock transplanting, the upgrowth situation of nursery stock has tended towards stability when September part, therefore, mid-September to final average
Height of seedling, finally averagely ground diameter and plant percent are measured and are counted, and statistical result is as follows:
The growth indexes of North American begonia under 1 different instances of table
Growth indexes | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Reference examples |
Initial average height of seedling (cm) | 109.5 | 110.9 | 110.2 | 109.6 | 109.8 |
Final average height of seedling (cm) | 127.1 | 129.3 | 128.4 | 127.5 | 118.8 |
Initially averagely ground diameter (mm) | 25.75 | 25.00 | 25.54 | 25.80 | 25.50 |
Finally averagely ground diameter (mm) | 31.27 | 30.45 | 31.03 | 31.79 | 26.54 |
Plant percent | 92% | 100% | 88% | 96% | 66% |
By above-mentioned statistical result it follows that the plant percent and average height of seedling of embodiment 1-4 and average ground diameter
Changing value is all remarkably higher than reference examples, i.e., compared with other cultural methods, the North America cultivated using cultural method of the invention
The plant percent of Malus spectabilis significantly improves, and average height of seedling and average ground diameter are dramatically increased compared with initial period, and the speed of growth is significant
Accelerate, is more advantageous to shortening growth cycle.
The present invention, as cultivation matrix, can effectively avoid EC value excessively high with garden waste, turf, perlite and soil
And plant is damaged, plant percent is high, and upgrowth situation is good, and growth cycle is short, can save soil resource, moreover it is possible to discarded to gardens
Object makes full use of, and turns waste into wealth, and meets the requirement of sustainable development, has broad application prospects, and is conducive to promote and apply.
Specific case used herein elaborates inventive concept, the explanation of above example is only intended to
Help understands core of the invention thought.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, not departing from this
Under the premise of inventive concept, any obvious modification, equivalent replacement or the other improvements made should be included in the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia, which comprises the steps of:
(1) place election arranges: selecting topography is flat, face south and drains smoothly place to dispose weeds, stone as place
Equal barriers are laid with permeable net woven fabric after smooth location, and are equipped with irrigating facility, and when summer high temperature will do seedling appropriate
Sun-shading;
(2) selection of seedling: the North American begonia of raw grafting in selection 2 years, using mountain fourth as the stock of grafting;
(3) cultivation matrix configures: with garden waste, turf, perlite, soil is as cultivation matrix, the volume ratio of each ingredient
Are as follows: garden waste 5-20%, turf 40-60%, perlite 20-30%, soil 5-20%;
(4) cultivation matrix is packed into cultivating container: choosing non-woven fabrics beauty and plants bag as cultivating container, configured cultivation matrix is filled
Enter in cultivating container, be first paved with a quarter of cultivating container, to guarantee the cultivation for having certain after Nursery stock transplanting enters cultivating container
Matrix is supported, then Nursery stock transplanting is entered cultivating container;
(5) Nursery stock transplanting: the North American begonia nursery stock of selection is put into cultivating container, cultivation matrix is then reloaded into, did not had seedling
The wooden root system;
(6) cultivating seedlings management: pouring primary permeable after transplanting, pours a water daily in spring and summer later, autumn and winter is every two
It pours a water, and the seedling root development after transplanting is unstable, needs to apply the nursery stock just transplanted root-inducing powder, plum rain season spray
Apply fungicide, top dressing after three months.
2. a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1)
Net woven fabric can prevent the root system of seedling growth from protruding into soil through net woven fabric.
3. a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1)
The method of sun-shading is that the sunshade net of 2m is built above nursery stock.
4. a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2)
The seedling ground diameter of North American begonia is 2-3cm.
5. a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (3)
The EC value of cultivation matrix is 0.3-2.0, pH value 6.0-8.0, bulk density 0.1-0.5g/cm3, total porosity 50-80% has
Machine matter content >=20%, total nutrient content 1-3%.
6. a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (4)
The size that non-woven fabrics beauty plants bag is 30cm × 30cm × 30cm.
7. a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (5)
Cultivation matrix did not had seedling root to be compacted, and added cultivation matrix again as the case may be.
8. a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (6)
Root-inducing powder is the molten liquid manure material of microelement, includes potassium nitrate, organic potassium and the factor of taking root.
9. a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (6)
The fungicide that plum rain season is sprayed is methyl sulfur bacterium and Mancozeb, and the two is used interchangeably.
10. a kind of container culturing method of North American begonia according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (6)
Top dressing uses slow-release fertilizer or Controlled Release Fertilizer, and every seedlings apply 0.5-1.5g, and selection is applied fertilizer in the morning, pours after fertilising primary saturating
Water.
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CN103130561A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-05 | 宋迎季 | High quality flowering plant compost |
CN102715059A (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2012-10-10 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Greening seedling container seedling culture transplanting method |
CN104160880A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-11-26 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Cultivation method for grafting multiple strains of apple varieties on potted apple tree |
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