CN109757326A - Northern Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model method - Google Patents
Northern Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109757326A CN109757326A CN201910187707.0A CN201910187707A CN109757326A CN 109757326 A CN109757326 A CN 109757326A CN 201910187707 A CN201910187707 A CN 201910187707A CN 109757326 A CN109757326 A CN 109757326A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of northern Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model method, mechanical deep ploughing soil before including the following steps: S1, broadcasting, while disposable basal dressing, institute's basal dressing are phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and potassium sulfate, are then leveled land；S2, drip irrigation zone, spacing 60cm are manually laid on the level land；S3, width is covered on the drip irrigation zone of laying as the full film of the colourless plastic foil of 140cm；S4, every drip irrigation zone two sides point sowing disk double row sowing in overlay film, spacing in the rows are 6cm~8cm, and line-spacing is 10cm~15cm；S5, using drip irrigation zone in the case where holding plate indigo plant offspring phase and fleshy root maturity period adequate water supply, water deficit irrigation is carried out respectively in vegetative growth phase and fleshy root growth period to it.The law of needing the water that the present invention is grown according to northern Radix Isatidis is irrigated by different growing depletion, is adjusted the irrigation conditions for planting northern Radix Isatidis, is achieved the purpose that water-saving, efficient, high yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Radix Isatidis field of planting, and in particular to a kind of north Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model side
Method.
Background technique
In recent years, with Radix Isatidis prevention and treatment SARS and strengthen immunity in terms of by everybody be widely recognized as and people
Continuous enhancing to health perception, Radix Isatidis market dosage further expansion.Hexi Corridor has become because of its unique weather conditions
For the main region of Chinese northern Radix Isatidis cultivation.However, local shortage of water resources, irrigation method is unreasonable, leads to crop yield
It is low and unstable with water use efficiency, greatly constrain northern Radix Isatidis industry sustainable development.Therefore, using reasonable, efficient
Irrigation method, improving northern Radix Isatidis yield, water use efficiency and quality is the key that solve current problem.
It is concentrated mainly on the chemical component and pharmacological activity, vegetalitas of Radix Isatidis to the research of Radix Isatidis both at home and abroad at present
Shape, preparation and quality evaluation etc., and Radix Isatidis water deficit research both at home and abroad is carried out only for the Radix Isatidis time of infertility
Moisture regulation test, and have ignored the influence of different growing, different depletion gradients to upgrowth situation, yield and quality.It is special
It is not less to the research such as Radix Isatidis Growth trends and yield to under-film drip irrigation water deficit.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of northern Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model methods, by water
Divide the irrigation method of deficit irrigation combination under-film drip irrigation to carry out reasonable disposition in northern Radix Isatidis different growing, optimizes northern Radix Isatidis
Irrigation program regulates and controls northern Radix Isatidis dry-matter accumulation direction, realizes that high yield also achievees the purpose that water-saving irrigation simultaneously.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of north Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model method, includes the following steps:
S1, mechanical deep ploughing soil 20cm~30cm before broadcasting, while pressing 4500 kg/hm2~6000kg/hm2Ratio disposably apply
Base manure, institute's basal dressing are compound fertilizer, then nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 1:1:1 levels land；
S2, drip irrigation zone, spacing 60cm are manually laid on the level land；
S3, width is covered on the drip irrigation zone of laying as the full film of the colourless plastic foil of 140cm；
S4, every drip irrigation zone two sides point sowing disk double row sowing in overlay film, spacing in the rows be 6cm~8cm, line-spacing be 10cm~
15cm；
S5, using drip irrigation zone in the case where holding plate indigo plant offspring phase and fleshy root maturity period adequate water supply, to it in nutrition
Growth period and fleshy root growth period carry out water deficit irrigation respectively；Set when Radix Isatidis irrigation wetting depth soil moisture content is lower than
Count lower limit when should carry out trickle irrigation immediately, pour water to design the upper limit when stop trickle irrigation immediately, wherein the depth of Radix Isatidis irrigation wetting depth
Degree is 0~60cm.
Further, Radix Isatidis kind is Hexi prefecture from numerous full, homogeneous seed, is sowed within Yu Wuyue 9th, October
It harvests within 11st.
Further, the season for irrigaton of northern Radix Isatidis is divided into:
A), seedling stage: to 3~5 true leaves after plantation；
B), vegetative growth phase: terminate from seedling stage to 10~15 true leaves；
C), fleshy root growth period: vegetative growth phase terminates to when withering true leaf；
D), the fleshy root maturity period: fleshy root growth period terminates to woaded blue root system (Radix Isatidis) maturation.
Further, it in Radix Isatidis vegetative growth phase and fleshy root growth period, every 5~10 days, is surveyed with traditional oven drying method
0~60cm soil layer, the i.e. moisture content of Radix Isatidis root zone under field plot Radix Isatidis film, every 20cm soil layer sampling is primary, and
According to the average moisture content measured, is poured water by drip irrigation zone and control Radix Isatidis root zone water content in field capacity respectively
65%~75%, 55%~65% or 45%~55%, wherein the quality moisture content of field capacity is 24%.
Preferably, soil moisture content is controlled in 65%~75% field capacity in Radix Isatidis vegetative growth phase.
Preferably, water continuously being controlled in vegetative growth phase and fleshy root growth period, soil moisture is maintained at 65%~75% field
Water-holding capacity.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) law of needing the water grown according to northern Radix Isatidis, is irrigated by different growing depletion, adjusts the filling for planting northern Radix Isatidis
Condition is irrigate, achievees the purpose that water-saving, efficient, high yield.
2) irrigating water deficit combines the irrigation method of under-film drip irrigation rationally to be matched in northern Radix Isatidis different growing
It sets, optimizes northern Radix Isatidis irrigation program, have different degrees of raising to northern Radix Isatidis yield while water-saving, while also mentioning
The high water use efficiency and irrigation water using efficiency of Radix Isatidis.The present invention has arid and semi-arid lands's Developing Water-saving Agriculture
There is important practical significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that northern Radix Isatidis plants schematic diagram；
In figure: the drip irrigation zone 1-；2- mulch；3- Radix Isatidis；4- drip head.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
The season for irrigaton of northern Radix Isatidis is divided by the present invention: seedling stage (to 3~5 true leaves after plantation), nutrient growth
Phase (terminates from seedling stage to 10~15 true leaves), fleshy root growth period (vegetative growth phase terminates to when withering true leaf), meat
The matter root maturity period (fleshy root growth period terminates to woaded blue root system (Radix Isatidis) maturation).The soil water sets up four gradients separately, respectively
It sufficiently pours water (F, soil moisture content are the 75%~85% of field capacity), moderate water wanes, and (L, soil moisture content are field
The 65%~75% of water-holding capacity), moderate water deficit (M, soil moisture content are the 55%~65% of field capacity), severe moisture loses
Lack (H, soil moisture content are the 45%~55% of field capacity).
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is carried out at Yi Min experimental irrigation station, Minyue County, Gansu Province (100 ° of 43 ' E, 38 ° of 39 ' N).Soil is light loam,
PH value 7.22, topsoil soils maxmun field capacity are 24%, 1.48 g/cm of the soil weight3.Irrigated area farmland fertility is uniform, saline and alkaline
Change degree is smaller, and underground water buried depth is larger (> 20 m).
Radix Isatidis field planting mode is as shown in Figure 1, the specific steps are as follows:
1) Radix Isatidis is sowed at the beginning of 5 months, is leveled land before broadcasting, and drip irrigation zone is manually laid with, and covers common plastics mulch thereon, and film is wide
For 140 cm, with a thickness of 0.08 cm.
2) 20~30 cm of mechanical deep real tillage before broadcasting, while disposably uniformly applying phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer,
The mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 1:1:1, no longer top dressing in breeding time.
3) in every drip irrigation zone two sides point sowing disk double row sowing of overlay film, 15 cm of line-spacing, 10 cm of spacing in the rows, trickle irrigation interband
Away from for 65cm.
4) in four key developmental stages of Radix Isatidis, (seedling stage, vegetative growth phase, fleshy root growth period and fleshy root are mature
Phase) it is poured water by under-film drip irrigation band, moisture gradually penetrates into two sides Radix Isatidis root zone from intermediate water dropper on drip irrigation belt, meets Radix Isatidis
It pours water demand.
As shown in table 1, each processing in triplicate, totally 30 cells.4 × 10=40m of each processing plot area2.Except thanks to
Water irrigation conditions is different outer, other management are identical without exception: such as seedtime and type of seeding, fertilizing time and fertilizing method, and disease
Pest control etc. is completely the same.It was harvested October 11, the time of infertility totally 155 days.10 are set in Radix Isatidis planting process in total
Moisture solution, numerical value represents Radix Isatidis and accounts for field in the moisture content of each breeding time root region soil under each moisture solution in table
The percentage of water-holding capacity, "~" front and back numerical value respectively represents moisture lower control limit and the upper limit, when the soil for measuring some cell contains
Water rate makes root lower than when corresponding moisture content lower limit value, the control valve for opening drip irrigation system and the cell starts to pour water in table
Area's soil moisture reaches upper limit value, does not otherwise pour water.Duty is recorded with the water meter on drip irrigation system main pipe.Wherein CK
For control group, expression is sufficiently poured water, by the soil moisture in Radix Isatidis time of infertility root zone control field capacity 75%~
85%。
According to following test requirements documents, different growth stage carries out under-film drip irrigation irrigation after the emergence of northern Radix Isatidis.
1 Radix Isatidis of table designs (percentage for accounting for field capacity) in each breeding time soil moisture moisture content
1. under-film drip irrigation readjust-loss influences northern Radix Isatidis biological characteristics
2 deficit irrigation of table influences northern Radix Isatidis biological characteristics
Note: significant difference (P < 0.05) between different letter expression processing after same column numerical value.
Different in moisture readjust-loss is shown in Table 2 to the influence of each organ biomass of northern Radix Isatidis.Relative to CK control treatment, other are each
The northern Radix Isatidis plant height of water deficit processing has different degrees of reduction, wherein being handled with vegetative growth phase severe water deficit
WD9 is the most significant, and fall is up to 24.92%；And other processing plant height falls are between 0.48%~24.92%；Cauline leaf
Biomass variety is consistent substantially with plant height, and processing WD9 and WD8 is reduced obviously compared with CK, and respectively 25.66% and 24.68%,
WD1 processing is not significant compared to increasing, and other processing also have different degrees of decline, between 4.35%~16.96%.It is different
The amplitude of variation of the main root of water deficit processing is also different, and processing WD1 and WD4 main root is long to increase separately 8.33% He compared with CK
9.79%, other processing main roots are long different degrees of reduction compared with CK, and reduction amplitude is between 5.12 %~21.87%；At WD4
The main root diameter of reason is not significant compared to increasing, other processing have a different degrees of reduction, reduce amplitude 1.78%~30.18% it
Between, wherein severe water deficit processing WD8 and WD9 is most significant, is 27.22%, 30.18%, handles nothing between WD1, WD4 and CK
Significant difference (P> 0.05), remaining processing difference it is significant (P< 0.05).Processing WD1 and WD4 root dry weight is increased separately compared with CK
16.29% and 17.87%, remaining processing root dry weight has different degrees of reduction, and wherein severe water deficit handles WD8 and WD9 most
Significant the biggest drop, respectively 33.98% and 37.5%, with CK processing difference it is significant (P< 0.05).Obtain moderate water's readjust-loss not
Northern Radix Isatidis biomass can be significantly reduced, is conducive to root growth instead；But severe water deficit can cause above and below the ground
Biomass is reduced, and seriously affects the accumulation of northern Radix Isatidis root system dry matter.
Root/shoot ratio reflects the ratio of below with ground biomass correlation, and size can be used as plant drought resistance
Index.Northern each readjust-loss processing of Radix Isatidis influences difference to its root/shoot ratio, and the root cap of processing WD7, WD8 and WD9, which compare, to be compareed out
Carrying out CK respectively reduces by 1.61%, 12.21% and 15.89%, other processing root/shoot ratios are increased, wherein processing WD4 and WD1 increases
Amplitude is maximum, and respectively 23.27% and 15.09%；WD3 processing is more obvious in fleshy root growth period rehydration effect, yield decline
But root/shoot ratio is close with CK processing.Show to carry out slight and moderate moisture in northern Radix Isatidis vegetative growth phase, fleshy root growth period
Photosynthesis assimilation product is shifted under ground portion as far as possible when readjust-loss, improves northern Radix Isatidis drought resistance, and in its vegetative growth phase, meat
The matter root growth phase carries out severe, moderate water deficit then will affect root system nutrient growth itself, and root dry-matter accumulation is caused to reduce,
Root/shoot ratio is caused to decline.
2. influence of the under-film drip irrigation readjust-loss to northern Radix Isatidis yield and water use efficiency
The lower northern Radix Isatidis yield of the different deficit irrigation processing of table 3 and water use efficiency
Note: significant difference (P < 0.05) between different letter expression processing after same column numerical value.
2.1 yield
As shown in Table 3, northern Radix Isatidis yield (control treatment CK) under the conditions of time of infertility adequate water supply is highest, remaining water
The each processing of readjust-loss is divided to reduce northern Radix Isatidis yield.Compared with CK, the range of decrease is raw in nutrition between 1.04%~33.43%
For a long time, fleshy root growth period carries out under moderate water's readjust-loss respectively, and the northern Radix Isatidis yield and CK of WD1 and WD4 processing are without significant
(P > 0.05) difference；And vegetative growth phase severe water deficit and fleshy root growth period moderate, severe water deficit WD3,
The northern Radix Isatidis yield of WD7, WD8 and WD9 processing is significant (P < 0.05) with CK processing difference respectively, the difference underproduction 18.29%,
18.05%, 31.67% and 33.43%.
2.2 irrigation water utilization efficiency
As shown in Table 3, vegetative growth phase moderate water readjust-loss processing influences significant (P < 0.05), WD1 to irrigation water utilization efficiency
8.36% and 7.27%(is improved than CK with WD4 processingP< 0.05).Vegetative growth phase is slight, severe water deficit and fleshy root are raw
Irrigation water utilization efficiency the biggest drop of WD5, WD8 and WD9 that long time mild, moderate water deficit are handled, respectively 4.23%,
3.93% and 3.73%.Moderate water's readjust-loss in fleshy root growth period has obvious raising to act on irrigation water utilization efficiency, and
Fleshy root growth period moderate, severe water deficit can then be substantially reduced irrigation water utilization efficiency.
2.3 water use efficiency
The water use efficiency of vegetative growth phase moderate water's readjust-loss and fleshy root growth period moderate water readjust-loss to northern Radix Isatidis
Significant (P < 0.05) is influenced, as shown in table 3.WD1 and WD4 processing water use efficiency amplification is most obvious, increase separately 8.34%,
6.64%.And the water use efficiency of other processing decreases, wherein the moisture of WD2, WD3, WD7, WD8 and WD9 processing is sharp
It is substantially less than CK with efficiency, reduces by 6.56%, 9.31%, 10.04%, 2.81% and 22.47% respectively.Illustrate northern Radix Isatidis in nutrition
Moderate water's readjust-loss in growth period and fleshy root maturity period can be improved its water use efficiency, and other moderates, severe moisture tune
Thanks to processing can be substantially reduced water use efficiency.
Vegetative growth phase and fleshy root growth period moderate water wane (WD1, WD4) northern Radix Isatidis yield will not be reduced, and
The moderate in other vegetative growth phases and fleshy root growth period, severe water deficit then significantly reduce the yield of northern Radix Isatidis.Therefore,
In Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis, is illustrated using the test of technical solution of the present invention, northern Radix Isatidis is given birth to entirely according to above-mentioned irrigation method
The phase of educating carries out regulation of pouring water, and appropriate selection cultivates northern Radix Isatidis growing stage and carries out suitable readjust-loss configuration, can Effective Regulation horse
Bell potato growth and development finally can be realized and increase yield and achieve the purpose that high-efficiency water-saving.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of north Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model method, characterized by the following steps:
S1, mechanical deep ploughing soil 20cm~30cm before broadcasting, while disposably being applied in 4500 kg/hm2~6000kg/hm2 ratio
Base manure, institute's basal dressing are compound fertilizer, then nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 1:1:1 levels land；
S2, drip irrigation zone, spacing 60cm are manually laid on the level land；
S3, width is covered on the drip irrigation zone of laying as the full film of the colourless plastic foil of 140cm；
S4, every drip irrigation zone two sides point sowing disk double row sowing in overlay film, spacing in the rows be 6cm~8cm, line-spacing be 10cm~
15cm；
S5, using drip irrigation zone in the case where holding plate indigo plant offspring phase and fleshy root maturity period adequate water supply, to it in nutrition
Growth period and fleshy root growth period carry out water deficit irrigation respectively；Set when Radix Isatidis irrigation wetting depth soil moisture content is lower than
Count lower limit when should carry out trickle irrigation immediately, pour water to design the upper limit when stop trickle irrigation immediately, wherein the depth of Radix Isatidis irrigation wetting depth
Degree is 0~60cm.
2. north Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Radix Isatidis product
Kind is Hexi prefecture from numerous full, homogeneous seed, is sowed within Yu Wuyue 9th, October 11 harvested.
3. north Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: northern plate is blue
The season for irrigaton of root is divided into:
A), seedling stage: to 3~5 true leaves after plantation；
B), vegetative growth phase: terminate from seedling stage to 10~15 true leaves；
C), fleshy root growth period: vegetative growth phase terminates to when withering true leaf；
D), the fleshy root maturity period: fleshy root growth period terminates to woaded blue root system (Radix Isatidis) maturation.
4. north Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in Radix Isatidis
Vegetative growth phase and fleshy root growth period, every 5~10 days, with traditional oven drying method survey a field plot Radix Isatidis film under 0~
60cm soil layer, the i.e. moisture content of Radix Isatidis root zone, every 20cm soil layer sampling is primary, and according to the average moisture content measured, passes through
Drip irrigation zone pour water by Radix Isatidis root zone water content control respectively field capacity 65%~75%, 55%~65% or 45%~
55%, wherein the quality moisture content of field capacity is 24%.
5. north Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in Radix Isatidis
Vegetative growth phase controls soil moisture content in 65%~75% field capacity.
6. north Radix Isatidis under-film drip irrigation Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: raw in nutrition
Long-term and fleshy root growth period continuously controls water and soil moisture is maintained at 65%~75% field capacity.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111406595A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-14 | 甘肃农业大学 | High-yield and high-quality planting method for north isatis roots |
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Application publication date: 20190517 |