CN102405837B - Method for transplanting sugarcane tissue culture seedlings to fields from low tunnels - Google Patents
Method for transplanting sugarcane tissue culture seedlings to fields from low tunnels Download PDFInfo
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- CN102405837B CN102405837B CN2011102617939A CN201110261793A CN102405837B CN 102405837 B CN102405837 B CN 102405837B CN 2011102617939 A CN2011102617939 A CN 2011102617939A CN 201110261793 A CN201110261793 A CN 201110261793A CN 102405837 B CN102405837 B CN 102405837B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for transplanting sugarcane tissue culture seedlings to fields from low tunnels. The invention provides a field transplanting environment which is the low tunnels and has performances of light transmittance, moisture retention and insulation for the sugarcane tissue culture seedlings. Because of the method, the small sugarcane tissue culture seedlings can be directly transplanted to the fields without the strong seedling cultivation in culture chambers and the temporary planting in nutrition cups, and the survival rate can be ensured (over 90%). The invention reduces the seedling cultivation period (reduce 50-130 days), reduces the middle production rings, reduces the transportation cost, seedling cultivation cost and the plant management cost of sugarcane planters, and finally realizes the win-win between the seedling enterprises and the sugarcane planters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fast numerous production technology of cane seedling, the little shed field-transplanting of especially a kind of sugarcane tissue-culture seedling method.
Background technology
It is a kind of propagation technique efficiently that the sugarcane tissue is cultivated; can accelerate the quick breeding of sugarcane improved seeds; the sugarcane improved seeds group of anniversary large-scale production proterties neat and consistent training seedling is for production application, thereby solves each sugarcane district breeding seedling shortage, problem such as improved seeds are promoted slowly and cost of transportation is high.
Usually the sugarcane detoxication tissue culturing seedling is cultured to this time period of field-transplanting from the bottle seedling rooting of culturing room, also need through the husky bed clump in nursery plant → a minute individual plant nutrition cup heels in two intermediate links, each link is lasted 30～40 days, the daily management in nursery during this time etc. all need drop into lot of manpower and material resources, improved the production cost of seedling, moreover, because growing-seedling period is long, the vegetative period in land for growing field crops is with regard to corresponding shortening, thereby delayed breeding and promotion rate of good seed.Li Song etc. when adopting the mode of cultivating strong sprout and transplanting in the husky bed clump stage of planting of culturing room and nursery with the yellow mud slurry root that contains the ABT3 root-inducing powder after success canebrake is planted directly transplant to the land for growing field crops after seedling divides individual plant, set up " a kind of method of sugarcane tissue-culture-seedling bare-seedling field-transplanting " (number of patent application 200910114601.4 open days on 05 19th, 2010).They are before the bottle seedling carries out culture of rootage, in the strong seedling culture base, cultivated for 1～2 generation earlier, whenever time of supporting of being commissioned to train is 15～20 days, being divided into 3～5 strain/clumps behind the bottle seedling rooting plants on the husky bed in nursery, cultivation through 30～40 days, when the false stem of sugarcane tissue-culture seedling during up to the 15 ㎝ left and right sides, clump planted that seedling is divided into individual plant and with transplanting to the land for growing field crops by certain planting density behind the yellow mud slurry root that contains the ABT3 root-inducing powder, be transplanted to behind the land for growing field crops and carry out management such as trickle and sunshade according to weather condition.Though this method has been saved branch individual plant nutrition cup and has been heeled in link, saved land resources aspect the nursery heeling in, reduced the input of great amount of manpower and material resources, also reduced sugarcane tissue-culture seedling cost of transportation.Yet, not only owing to cultivate the incubation time of planting the stage culturing room and nursery clump strong sprout and does not reduce on the contrary and prolong to some extent, and will carry out management such as trickle and sunshade behind the transplanting land for growing field crops and also improve sugarcane grower's plantation management cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of little shed field-transplanting of sugarcane tissue-culture seedling method of saving seedling raise period, reducing planting cost.
Adopt following technical scheme for solving the problems of the technologies described above the present invention: the little shed field-transplanting of sugarcane tissue-culture seedling method, sugarcane tissue-culture seedling bottle seedling directly carries out culture of rootage after the propagation cultivation through 3～4 generations in culturing room, bottle takes out wash clean behind the seedling rooting from bottle, be divided into 4～7 strain/clumps and heel in 18～22 days namely carry out the transplanting of branch individual plant to the seedling breeding land for growing field crops of making preparation for ploughing and sowing in Seedlings nursery; Drench and drench planting sugarcane ditch water earlier before transplanting, transplanting finishes and build little shed above planting the sugarcane ditch, select the suitable film of size to cover on the little shed according to line-spacing and little shed height, real windproof with soil pressure all around, transplant and opened a diameter 1 ㎝ air-vent at little shed top every 50～70 ㎝ the same day, transplant after 3～4 days, enlarge air-vent to diameter 10 ㎝, transplant and after 7 days film is raised fully, field management work such as begin to apply fertilizer.
The incubation time that propagation is cultivated each generation is 15～20 days.
Taking out wash clean behind the bottle seedling rooting from bottle is the bottle seedling to be taken out the back wash 1～3 minute to clean in the water that flows.
Heeling in is to divide good sugarcane tissue-culture seedling to be planted in ready seedbed according to clump apart from 5～6 ㎝, line-spacing 6～8 ㎝, and planting depth is inserted medium of seedling bed 0.8～1 ㎝ for the Cong Miao base portion.
Medium of seedling bed is yellow mud or river sand.
Little shed is made up of a plurality of supporting constructions vertical with planting the sugarcane ditch, and supporting construction is by strip or sheet branch, bamboo chip embowment, and arc pushes up up, and two is inserted in plants sugarcane ditch both sides.
The arc apex distance is from planting sugarcane ditch 50～70 ㎝, and each supporting construction is 60～80 ㎝ at interval.
Film is that thickness is the printing opacity mulch film of 0.005 ㎜.
The field-transplanting environment that the present invention provides a kind of printing opacity, preserved moisture, is incubated for the sugarcane tissue-culture seedling---little shed makes immature sugarcane tissue-culture seedling also can guarantee higher survival rate heeling in the stage in strong sprout and directly carry out field-transplanting without culturing room's strong seedling culture and nutrition cup.Use the present invention and can shorten growing-seedling period, production link in the middle of reducing reduces cost of transportation, seedling cost and sugarcane grower's plantation management cost, finally realizes growing seedlings enterprise and sugarcane grower's doulbe-sides' victory.
Embodiment
Specifically set forth the content that sugarcane tissue-culture seedling of the present invention is heeled in method below in conjunction with embodiment.
One, cultivates the sugarcane tissue-culture bottle seedling of taking root
Sugared No. 22 serves as for the examination material with new platform, beginning to carry out the lukewarm water detoxification treatment October cultivates in conjunction with stem-tip tissue, obtain the sugarcane tissue-culture seedling, when sugarcane tissue-culture seedling proliferation to the during 3～4 generations (incubation time in each generation is 15～20 days), namely the late January in 1 year changes the root media that contains improvement MS+NAA 5 ㎎/L+ white sugar 70g/L over to and takes root, and can grow flourishing root system in about about 10 days.The early Febuary in 1 year can obtain bottle seedling of taking root.
Improvement MS is with the KH in the MS macroelement
2PO
4Double, MS is that the most general a kind of medium title, its public use of filling a prescription are used in Plant Tissue Breeding; The NAA Chinese is methyl, and methyl and white sugar provide by market.
Two, Seedlings nursery is heeled in (18～22 days)
It is to have to shelter from heat or light, preserve moisture and the seedling growth greenhouse of wind-shielding function that Seedlings nursery adopts.A bottle seedling of having taken root is taken out from bottle and washed under running water 1～3 minute, be divided into 4～7 strains/clump transplanting in ready Seedlings nursery, every clump of sugarcane tissue-culture seedling inserts medium of seedling bed (yellow mud) 0.8～1 ㎝, clump is apart from 5～6 ㎝, line-spacing 6～8 ㎝, every transplanting finishes a seedbed, with 1000 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl the seedbed is drenched and is drenched.Heel in about 10 days and can raise the sunshade net, and with urea 1 ‰+KH
2PO
43 ‰+thiophanate methyl, 1 ‰ spray seedbeds afterwards every 2～3 days sprays once, spray continuously to stop for 3～4 times spraying and prepare out the garden.The late Febuary in 1 year can go out the garden.
Three, transplanted seedling field and goods and materials are prepared
Loosing soil should be selected in the transplanted seedling field, possesses the plot of irrigation conditions and traffic convenience.Meticulous making preparation for ploughing and sowing should be carried out in the sugarcane field, holds the plantation ditch then successfully, and ditch depth requires to reach more than 40 ㎝ line-spacing 1.2m.According to quantity, the sugarcane field area of plantation seedling and plant the material that requirement that the sugarcane ditch arranges an arc supporting construction material every 60～80 ㎝ is ready to build little shed, namely comprise arc supporting construction material and film, little shed arc supporting construction material among this embodiment is long 1.2 m, and two is whittled into the bamboo chip of sword head shape.
Four, group training seedling field-transplanting
After the clump that will prepare the to transplant seedbed water of planting seedling drenched and drenched late Febuary, Cong Miao pulled up from the seedbed be divided into individual plant, to plant the sugarcane ditch before the plantation earlier drenches and drenches, during plantation according to density requirements at a certain distance plant sugarcane ditch medium line with the finger or small wood disclose a duck eye, about dark 3 ㎝ in hole, put into the hole and return soil at once with being about to the seedling base portion, returning soil is advisable to bury about seedling base portion 1 ㎝, every kind of intact delegation, drench behind the sufficient normal root water and to plant above the sugarcane ditch with ready bamboo chip embowment, make the arc supporting construction and to plant the sugarcane ditch vertical, the arc top up, the arc apex distance is from planting sugarcane ditch 50～70 ㎝, and two is inserted in plants sugarcane ditch both sides, inserts a bamboo chip according to this method every 60～80 ㎝, insert delegation and be a little shed, putting up behind the little shed with thickness is that the film of 0.005 ㎜ and printing opacity covers, and opens a air-vent about diameter 1 ㎝ at the shed top every 50～70 ㎝ with the real back of soil pressure all around, and every kind of supporting one of little shed of building of delegation finishes until transplanting.
Five, plant the back management
Transplant after 3～4 days, with the enlarged-diameter of the air-vent at little shed top to about 10 ㎝, according to the soil moisture situation, can appropriate trickle; Transplant after 7 days, group training seedling survives substantially, and survival rate is more than 90%, and can raise the film on the little shed this moment fully, with urea 5 ‰+KH
2PO
45 ‰ spray solution sugarcane seedlings are finished the first time fertilising after the transplanting, spray after 10～15 days for the second time, approximately transplant 20 days after, group training seedling is comparatively sturdy, enters normal field management work, as intertillage, weeding etc.
Six, the beneficial effect of Shi Shiing
The present invention has not only reduced sugarcane tissue-culture seedling nutrition cup and has heeled in this link, has also shortened the seedling raise period of culturing room and Seedlings nursery greatly.Compared to existing technology, culturing room's stage can shorten 40～110 days, and the Seedlings nursery stage can shorten 10～20 days, can shorten 50～130 days on the whole, thereby reduced the recruitment of sugarcane tissue-culture seedling and the input of various goods and materials relatively, thereby just reduced seedling cost in culturing room's stage; Because Cong Miao quantity and transplanting density are all than the prior art height, when cultivating the sugarcane tissue-culture seedling of equal number, employed Seedlings nursery area is littler; Use this method can both carry out the transplanting of sugarcane tissue-culture seedling throughout the year, transplant the simple relatively and survival rate of back field management measure and all can reach more than 90%, simultaneously also relatively low, remarkable in economical benefits of sugarcane grower's planting cost.
To produce bottle seedling scale measuring and calculating of taking root of 5,000,000 strain sugarcane tissue-cultures per year:
1. culturing room's stage is saved the recruitment cost
Every bottle of seedling calculates with 10 strains, cultivates 5,000,000 strain sugarcane tissue-culture bottle seedlings and need cultivate 500,000 bottles of qualified bottle seedlings of taking root.Connect primary pollution loss 7% in average revolution, then the bottle seedling number of the required switching of different process flow process is calculated as follows:
The bottle seedling number of the propagation seedling bottle number in last generation that prior art need be transferred and the required switching of each production routine: 5th, take root 500,000 bottles of bottle seedlings of 53.76 ten thousand bottles of 57.81 ten thousand bottles → culture of rootage of 6 generations propagation bottle seedling the 66.84 ten thousand bottles → the 1st generation strong seedling culture the 62.16 ten thousand bottles → the 1st generation strong seedling culture → qualified;
The bottle seedling number of the propagation seedling bottle number in last generation that the present invention need transfer and the required switching of each production routine: 3rd, take root 500,000 bottles of bottle seedlings of 53.76 ten thousand bottles of 57.81 ten thousand bottles → culture of rootage of 4 generations propagation bottle seedling → qualified.
As from the foregoing, the present invention compared with prior art, cultivate 500,000 bottles of qualified bottle seedlings of taking root, can transfer 62.16 ten thousand bottles to 1,290,000 bottles less, revolution connects one bottle of need and expends 0.07 yuan of artificial infection expense, 0.02 yuan of artificial wash bottle expense, 0.02 yuan of artificial preparation medium expense, adds up to and manually expends 0.11 yuan/bottle.Only this item can be paid 6.84 ten thousand yuan to 14.19 ten thousand yuan less.And, every transfer once more, the risk that pollution rate strengthens is more big, can cause bigger economic loss thus.
2. culturing room's stage is saved the material that medium drops into
Expense according to the required material input of the medium of one bottle of sugarcane tissue-culture seedling of measuring and calculating preparation is about 0.08 yuan, and according to above-mentioned flow process measuring and calculating, the present invention can reduce 4.97 ten thousand yuan to 10.32 ten thousand yuan of expenditures.
3. culturing room's stage is saved electricity charge expenditure
Average every day, the electricity charge expenditure of culturing room was 480 yuan, and the electricity charge expenditure of high-pressure sterilizing pot is 216 yuan, and two add up to 696 yuan.Because culturing room grows seedlings and can shorten 40～110 days, then the electricity charge can reduce 2.78 ten thousand yuan to 7.66 ten thousand yuan of expenditures.
In sum, adopt the present invention after, only culturing room's stage just can reduce and pays 14.59～32.12 ten thousand yuan, i.e. the take root cost of bottle seedling of average every strain can reduce by 0.029～0.064 yuan.
4. reduce the expense of Seedlings nursery and field-transplanting
Seedlings nursery recruitment every day expends 150 yuan of meters, then can reduce 1500 yuan to 3000 yuan of expenditures; Field-transplanting part, the material of input required for the present invention mainly are bamboo chip and mulch film, and every mu spends 100 yuan approximately, plant in one week of back substantially without trickle; The material that prior art need drop into is mainly ABT3 root-inducing powder, sunshade net, weed killer herbicide, mulch film etc., and every mu spends 700 yuan approximately, plant in a back week must every day trickle, trickle is in 30 yuan/mu of every days, then the recruitment expenditure is 210 yuan.Therefore, add up to field-transplanting to reduce 810 yuan of expenditures for every mu.
5. increase the unit are output value
The present invention can begin field planting in late Febuary, and Duo about 2 month than prior art breeding time, so biological yield is higher naturally.This routine per mu yield is overcharged 0.5 ton on sugarcane kind stem than prior art, mu 250 yuan of new output values (in 500 Yuan ∕ tons).
Claims (2)
1. the little shed field-transplanting of sugarcane tissue-culture seedling method, it is characterized in that: sugarcane tissue-culture seedling bottle seedling directly carries out culture of rootage after the propagation cultivation through 3～4 generations in culturing room, bottle takes out wash clean behind the seedling rooting from bottle, be divided into 4～7 strain/clumps and heel in 18～22 days namely carry out the transplanting of branch individual plant to the seedling breeding land for growing field crops of making preparation for ploughing and sowing in Seedlings nursery; Drench and drench planting sugarcane ditch water earlier before transplanting, transplanting finishes and build little shed above planting the sugarcane ditch, select the suitable film of size to cover on the little shed according to line-spacing and little shed height, real windproof with soil pressure all around, transplant and opened a diameter 1 ㎝ air-vent at little shed top every 50～70 ㎝ the same day, transplant after 3～4 days, enlarge air-vent to diameter 10 ㎝, transplant and after 7 days film is raised fully, field management work such as begin to apply fertilizer.
2. the little shed field-transplanting of sugarcane tissue-culture seedling according to claim 1 method, it is characterized in that: the incubation time that described propagation is cultivated each generation is 15～20 days; Taking out wash clean behind the described bottle seedling rooting from bottle is the bottle seedling to be taken out the back wash 1～3 minute to clean in the water that flows; Described heeling in is to divide good sugarcane tissue-culture seedling to be planted in ready seedbed according to clump apart from 5～6 ㎝, line-spacing 6～8 ㎝, and planting depth is inserted medium of seedling bed 0.8～1 ㎝ for the Cong Miao base portion; Described medium of seedling bed is yellow mud or river sand; Described little shed is made up of a plurality of supporting constructions vertical with planting the sugarcane ditch, and described supporting construction is by strip or sheet branch, bamboo chip embowment, and arc pushes up up, and two is inserted in plants sugarcane ditch both sides; Described arc apex distance is from planting sugarcane ditch 50～70 ㎝, and each supporting construction is 60～80 ㎝ at interval; Described film is that thickness is the printing opacity mulch film of 0.005 ㎜.
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| CN2011102617939A CN102405837B (en) | 2011-09-06 | 2011-09-06 | Method for transplanting sugarcane tissue culture seedlings to fields from low tunnels |
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| CN102405837B true CN102405837B (en) | 2013-08-21 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103988665A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-20 | 陆佳乾 | Sugar cane planting method |
| CN104770173B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-05-17 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | High-efficiency seedling cultivation method for promoting premature tillering of sugarcane tissue cultured seedlings |
| CN107736217A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-27 | 李福元 | A kind of field production method of sugarcane detoxication tissue culturing seedling |
| CN107980531A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-04 | 洛阳名力科技开发有限公司 | A kind of method for transplanting of sugarcane tissue-culture nursery |
| CN109287479A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-01 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | The method that a kind of sugarcane health seedling field doubles breeding |
| CN110476809B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-05-11 | 广东省生物工程研究所（广州甘蔗糖业研究所） | Transportation method of sugarcane tissue culture rooted seedlings |
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| CN101213921A (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2008-07-09 | 天津市原种场 | Arc frame perforating hardening-seedling method for rice seedling-raising |
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