CN110946034A - Method for improving transplanting survival rate of large osmanthus trees in summer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the transplanting survival rate of big osmanthus trees in summer, which comprises the steps of pre-transplanting treatment, seedling digging and transportation, hole digging and planting and post-planting maintenance, wherein a carbendazim solution is uniformly sprayed on soil balls of the dug big osmanthus trees after the seedling digging, backfilling soil which is 0.2-0.3 times the depth of a planting hole and consists of soil, river sand and organic fertilizer into the planting hole during planting, and piling and planting the backfilled soil. The soil ball is sprayed with the carbendazim solution, and meanwhile, the soil ball is sterilized and supplemented with water, so that the survival of the soil ball is promoted; slowly supplementing nutrients by a mixture of backfilled soil, river sand and an organic fertilizer, and promoting the roots to absorb water; after planting for a half and a half, applying a microelement fertilizer consisting of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate and borax, supplementing trace elements and improving the root growth and the development of branches and leaves; the transplanting method provided by the invention is suitable for the current landscaping out-of-season construction normalization form, and the transplanting survival rate of the sweet osmanthus in summer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garden planting, and particularly relates to a method for improving transplanting survival rate of large osmanthus trees in summer.
Background
With the increasingly intense competition of the garden industry, the requirements of customers are continuously improved; more and more customers have more and more strict requirements on construction period, no matter municipal projects or real estate projects, the requirements on the landscaping construction period are not seasonal, and the target node task requirements must be completed. Construction enterprises need to have an out-of-season construction technology to finish projects such as scheduled delivery for quality and quantity guarantee. The construction of the greening industry in four seasons becomes the normal state of the industry; the technology for anti-season greening construction, particularly the technology for keeping plants alive in summer, becomes the key for garden construction enterprises to gain competitive advantages.
Osmanthus belongs to the family of Oleaceae, the genus Olea, is one of ten traditional flowers in China, and is an evergreen broad-leaved arbor. The osmanthus fragrans is lucent, moist, high-temperature resistant and strong in adaptability, is an important fragrant flower and beautified ornamental tree species in urban landscaping, and common cultivated species include osmanthus fragrans, cinnamomum japonicum, cinnamomum danshenum, cinnamomum japonicum and the like; the osmanthus fragrans is mainly produced in southwest, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hubei provinces and other provinces of China, and is widely distributed in India, Nipol, Cambodia and other places.
In recent years, the urban greening construction is different day by day, and the large osmanthus flowers transplanted in the garden construction are often transplanted from other places due to large consumption. Transplanting the big osmanthus flowers from other places to nursery lands for cultivating and surviving to be used for greening construction of cities and towns. The transplanting of the big osmanthus tree in summer is different from the transplanting in general nursery stock seasons, the roots are deep and luxuriant, the transplanting is improper, the ecology is unbalanced, the big osmanthus tree cannot survive, the money is damaged by the lawful people, and limited resources are wasted.
High-quality transplantation is guaranteed to survive, however, reports on methods for improving the transplanting survival rate of the large osmanthus trees in summer are not seen so far.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the transplanting survival rate of the osmanthus fragrans trees in summer, which aims to adapt to the current abnormal construction form of landscaping in the out-of-season construction, improve the transplanting survival rate of the osmanthus fragrans trees in summer, reduce resource waste caused by repeated construction due to death and economic loss in the aspect of construction period delay caused by nursery stock death of a construction party and a construction party.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving transplanting survival rate of big osmanthus trees in summer comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-treatment before transplanting, namely uniformly spraying the antitranspirant diluted by 300 times and 500 times on crown leaves of the osmanthus trees 2-4 days before transplanting, and thoroughly watering to ensure that the water content of root soil is 25-35% before transplanting;
s2, digging seedlings and transporting, namely uniformly spraying 750mg/L carbendazim solution 500 times and 750mg/L on the dug soil balls of the big osmanthus trees, wherein the spraying amount of the carbendazim solution is 0.04-0.065 times of the mass of the soil balls, and the water evaporation of the big osmanthus trees in the seedling digging and transporting processes is reduced;
s3, digging holes for planting, digging fixed planting holes with the depth of 0.3-0.75 time of the depth of soil balls and the length and width of 1.15-1.32 times of the diameter of the soil balls, backfilling soil with the thickness of 0.2-0.3 time of the depth of the fixed planting holes into the fixed planting holes, trimming the osmanthus trees, planting, controlling the surface of the planted soil balls to be higher than the ground by 25-40cm, and planting in a piling and enclosing mode by the backfilled soil, wherein the backfilled soil is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of (3.5-4.2): (0.8-1.1): (0.85-1.18) a mixture of soil, river sand and organic fertilizer;
and S4, maintaining after planting, irrigating a rooting promoting liquid fertilizer after planting, and spraying and/or spraying an antitranspirant at regular time to reduce water evaporation until the root system recovers the function.
In the above technical scheme, in step S3, N, P of the organic fertilizer2O5And K2The nutrient content of O is 0.18-0.22%, 0.036-0.043% and 0.25-0.37% respectively; preferably, the organic fertilizer is prepared by compounding chicken manure, plant ash, bean pulp and corn straw powder and then adding bacillus mucilaginosus with the weight of 0.01-0.018 of the raw material weight for fermentation for 12-20 days.
Further, in the above technical solution, in step S3, the soil in the backfilled soil is Yangtze river impact tidal soil with a surface layer of 25-45 cm.
Further, in the above technical solution, in step S3, the particle size of the backfill soil is 1.6-2.8 cm.
In the above technical scheme, in step S4, the rooting promoting liquid fertilizer is 180-230 times diluted rooting agent liquid containing 0.8-1.2mg/L vitamin B1; preferably, the irrigation amount of the root promoting liquid fertilizer is 15-24L per plant.
Further, in the above technical solution, step S4 further includes applying a micro-fertilizer after planting for a half and a half, where the micro-fertilizer is in a mass ratio of (0.8-1.2): (8.8-12.3): (2.6-3.2) and (1.7-2.08), wherein the application amount of the micro-fertilizer is 240-320g per plant.
Further, in the above technical solution, in step S4, the method further includes, immediately after planting, hanging bottles on the trunk of the osmanthus fragrans and infusing a nutrient solution into the trunk of the osmanthus fragrans.
Further, in the above technical solution, in step S4, after the planting is completed, spraying water at regular time every morning and evening to increase humidity, and spraying the antitranspirant diluted by 300-fold in 500 times every noon.
Furthermore, in the above technical solution, in step S1, when digging a mandarin orange tree with a hemispherical soil ball, the root system extending out of the soil ball is trimmed, the callus cream is applied on the cut root, and the antitranspirant diluted by 500 times of 300 times is sprayed on the branches and leaves of the trunk during transportation to cover the rain cloth, thereby preventing the soil ball from breaking.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, in the step S1, when the soil ball is dug, the diameter of the soil ball is controlled to be 10-12 times of the trunk diameter, the depth of the soil ball is controlled to be 0.6-0.7 times of the diameter of the soil ball, and when the soil ball is dug to be 0.6 times of the depth of the soil ball, the soil ball is gradually contracted to be in a semicircular ball shape.
Further, in the above technical solution, in step S3, 60-70% of the total amount of leaves are trimmed on site before planting, dead branches and old branches are trimmed off, overlapped intercalary branches are sparsely trimmed, and tree wound healing paste is applied to the trimmed wounds.
Still further, in the above technical solution, the planting time from the digging of the seedling in step S2 to the step S3 is controlled to be less than 24 h.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the method provided by the invention achieves the purposes of simultaneously sterilizing and supplementing water by spraying 500-750mg/L carbendazim solution on the soil ball so as to promote the survival of the soil ball;
(2) the method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of backfilling the materials according to the mass ratio of (3.5-4.2): (0.8-1.1): (0.85-1.18) the mixture of the soil, the river sand and the organic fertilizer can slowly supplement nutrients, and can promote the roots of the transplanted osmanthus trees to absorb water and promote the survival and growth of the osmanthus trees;
(3) the method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of applying the weight ratio of (0.8-1.2) to (8.8-12.3): (2.6-3.2) the microelement fertilizer consisting of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate and borax (1.7-2.08) supplements trace elements thereof and improves the root growth and the development of branches and leaves;
(4) the method provided by the invention is suitable for the current landscaping out-of-season construction normalization form, improves the transplanting survival rate of sweet osmanthus in summer, and reduces resource waste caused by death and repeated construction and economic loss in the aspect of construction period delay caused by nursery stock death of a construction party and a construction party.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims.
Unless otherwise specified, the test reagents and materials used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available.
Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples of the present invention are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
A method for improving transplanting survival rate of big osmanthus trees in summer specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before transplanting, selecting a big osmanthus tree which is strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, full in tree shape and luxuriant in branches and leaves, and uniformly spraying 300 times of an antitranspirant for the seedlings of the tree crown leaves in each day three days before transplanting; if the nursery garden is dry for a long time, water should be supplemented once in three days before digging, the roots of the big osmanthus fragrans trees are watered and drenched once, and the water content of the root soil is guaranteed to be 30% before transplanting;
(2) digging, transplanting in spring and autumn generally requires that soil balls are 6-8 times of the diameter of a tree trunk, 10-12 times of the diameter of the tree trunk in summer, the depth of the soil balls is 2/3 of the diameter of the soil balls, when digging is carried out to 3/5 of the depth of the soil balls, the soil balls gradually shrink to be semicircular, the roots outside the soil balls are trimmed to be flush, wound healing paste is smeared to avoid the breakage of the soil balls, meanwhile, 650mg/L of carbendazim solution is uniformly sprayed on the soil balls of the dug osmanthus trees, and the spraying amount of the carbendazim solution is 0.05 times of the mass of the soil balls;
(3) transportation, wherein in the transportation process, the branches and leaves of the osmanthus fragrans trunks are uniformly sprayed by 300 times and 500 times of antitranspirant diluted by 300 times before loading in order to prevent the branches and leaves of the trunks from being dehydrated, and the rain cloth is covered;
(4) before planting, a, digging a planting hole with the depth being 0.65 time of the depth of a soil ball and the length and width being 1.25 times of the diameter of the soil ball in advance on a planting site, b, backfilling soil with the thickness being 0.25 times of the depth of the planting hole into the planting hole, wherein the backfilling soil is a mixture of, by mass, 4: 1: 1, backfilling soil with loose particles less than 3 centimeters, and performing drainage work of the planting land to ensure that the planting land is not accumulated with water;
specifically, the soil in the backfilled soil is Yangtze river impact moist soil with the surface layer of 25-45 cm.
Specifically, the organic fertilizer is prepared by compounding chicken manure, plant ash, bean pulp and corn straw powder, adding bacillus mucilaginosus with the weight of 0.016 of the raw materials, and fermenting for 18 days, wherein N, P2O5And K2The nutrient content of O is 0.18-0.22%, 0.036-0.043% and 0.25-0.37%, respectively.
(5) When the nursery stock arrives at the site, immediately carrying out tissue trimming and leaf removing work after the nursery stock arrives at the site, trimming off leaves of the whole tree body 2/3, b, trimming off dead branches, carrying out sparse trimming on old branches and overlapped inner branches, and c, immediately smearing tree callus cream on trimmed wounds;
(6) and (4) planting, namely immediately carrying out mechanical and manual planting on the osmanthus fragrans finished in the trimming procedure, wherein the height of the surface of a soil ball is 25-40cm higher than the ground, and piling and planting the proportioned backfilled soil. The time from digging to planting of the nursery stock is controlled within 24 hours;
(7) after planting, timely following up with the work of supporting, winding a moisturizing belt on a trunk and watering root fixing water for the planted osmanthus fragrans, repeatedly watering for many times for the first time, and simultaneously watering 200 times of a diluted rooting agent liquid and 1mg/L of vitamin B1, wherein the watering amount of each big osmanthus fragrans tree is 22L, so that the root system can be promoted to grow;
(8) during the maintenance period, the maintenance measures are the key for the survival of the large-size osmanthus fragrans in summer, particularly after the osmanthus fragrans enters the high-temperature rain-less and rainy days, and the following aspects are particularly noted: a. b, spraying leaves of the osmanthus tree trunks in the morning and evening of the weather, namely before the sun comes out and after the sun falls in a mountain in the morning and evening, so as to increase air and tree humidity and reduce the temperature of a small environment to promote the seedling recovery effect, c, spraying 500 times of an anti-transpirant diluted 300 times to the tree branches and leaves in the middle time period of the morning and evening, so as to prevent the fulmination of the sun in the hot summer period, reduce the evaporation of the tree moisture, d, placing 20L garden maintenance drip irrigation bags on the osmanthus tree discs, and performing drip irrigation on the tree disc soil for supplementing water; in the later period, water supplement and drought resistance are mainly used.
Example 2
A method for improving transplanting survival rate of big osmanthus trees in summer specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before transplanting, selecting a big osmanthus tree which is strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, full in tree shape and luxuriant in branches and leaves, and uniformly spraying 300 times of an antitranspirant for the seedlings of the tree crown leaves in each day three days before transplanting; if the nursery garden is dry for a long time, water should be supplemented once in three days before digging, the roots of the big osmanthus fragrans trees are watered and drenched once, and the water content of the root soil is guaranteed to be 30% before transplanting;
(2) digging, transplanting in spring and autumn generally requires that soil balls are 6-8 times of the diameter of the tree trunk, and 10-12 times of the diameter of the tree trunk in summer, the depth of the soil balls is 2/3 of the diameter of the soil balls, when digging is carried out to 3/5 of the depth of the soil balls, the soil balls gradually shrink to be semicircular, the roots outside the more soil balls are trimmed to be flush, wound healing paste is smeared on wounds to avoid breakage of the soil balls, and meanwhile 650mg/L of carbendazim solution is uniformly sprayed on the dug soil balls of the big osmanthus trees, and the spraying amount of the carbendazim solution is 0.05 times of the mass of the soil balls;
(3) transportation, wherein in the transportation process, the branches and leaves of the osmanthus fragrans trunks are uniformly sprayed by 300 times and 500 times of antitranspirant diluted by 300 times before loading in order to prevent the branches and leaves of the trunks from being dehydrated, and the rain cloth is covered;
(4) before planting, a, digging a planting hole with the depth being 0.72 time of the depth of a soil ball and the length and width being 1.28 times of the diameter of the soil ball in advance on a planting site, b, backfilling soil with the thickness being 0.22 times of the depth of the planting hole into the planting hole, wherein the backfilling soil is a mixture of, by mass, 4: 1.05: 1.12, backfilling soil with loose particles less than 3 centimeters, and draining the planting land to ensure that the planting land is not accumulated with water;
specifically, the soil in the backfilled soil is Yangtze river impact moist soil with the surface layer of 25-45 cm.
Specifically, the organic fertilizer is prepared by compounding chicken manure, plant ash, bean pulp and corn straw powder and then adding bacillus mucilaginosus with the weight of 0.015 of the raw materials to ferment for 18 days, wherein N, P2O5And K2The nutrient content of O is 0.18-0.22%, 0.036-0.043% and 0.25-0.37%, respectively.
(5) When the nursery stock arrives at the site, immediately carrying out tissue trimming and leaf removing work after the nursery stock arrives at the site, trimming off leaves of the whole tree body 2/3, b, trimming off dead branches, carrying out sparse trimming on old branches and overlapped inner branches, and c, immediately smearing tree callus cream on trimmed wounds;
(6) and (4) planting, namely immediately carrying out mechanical and manual planting on the osmanthus fragrans finished in the trimming procedure, wherein the height of the surface of a soil ball is 25-40cm higher than the ground, and piling and planting the proportioned backfilled soil. The time from digging to planting of the nursery stock is controlled within 24 hours;
(7) after planting, timely following up with the work of supporting, winding a moisturizing belt on a trunk and watering root fixing water for the planted osmanthus fragrans, repeatedly watering for many times for the first time, and simultaneously watering 200 times of a diluted rooting agent liquid and 1mg/L of vitamin B1, wherein the watering amount of each big osmanthus fragrans tree is 22L, so that the root system can be promoted to grow;
(8) during the maintenance period, the maintenance measures are the key for the survival of the large-size osmanthus fragrans in summer, particularly after the osmanthus fragrans enters the high-temperature rain-less and rainy days, and the following aspects are particularly noted: a. b, spraying leaves of the osmanthus tree trunks in the morning and evening of the weather, namely before the sun comes out and after the sun falls in a mountain in the morning and evening, so as to increase air and tree humidity and reduce the temperature of a small environment to promote the seedling recovery effect, c, spraying 500 times of an anti-transpirant diluted 300 times to the tree branches and leaves in the middle time period of the morning and evening, so as to prevent the fulmination of the sun in the hot summer period, reduce the evaporation of the tree moisture, d, placing 20L garden maintenance drip irrigation bags on the osmanthus tree discs, and performing drip irrigation on the tree disc soil for supplementing water; and applying a micro-fertilizer after planting for one and a half months, wherein the micro-fertilizer is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1.15: 10.8: 3.05: 1.98 of a mixture of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate and borax, wherein the application amount of the micro-fertilizer is 300g per plant; in the later period, water supplement and drought resistance are mainly used.
Comparative example 1
A method for improving transplanting survival rate of big osmanthus trees in summer specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before transplanting, selecting a big osmanthus tree which is strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, full in tree shape and luxuriant in branches and leaves, and uniformly spraying 300 times of an antitranspirant for the seedlings of the tree crown leaves in each day three days before transplanting; if the nursery garden is dry for a long time, water should be supplemented once in three days before digging, the roots of the big osmanthus fragrans trees are watered and drenched once, and the water content of the root soil is guaranteed to be 30% before transplanting;
(2) digging, transplanting in spring and autumn generally requires that the soil balls reach 6-8 times of the trunk diameter of the tree, and 10-12 times of the trunk diameter of the tree in summer, the depth of the soil balls is 2/3 of the diameter of the soil balls, when digging to 3/5 of the depth of the soil balls, the soil balls gradually shrink to be semicircular, the roots outside the more soil balls are trimmed to be flush, and wound healing paste is coated on wounds to avoid the breakage of the soil balls;
(3) transportation, wherein in the transportation process, the branches and leaves of the osmanthus fragrans trunks are uniformly sprayed by 300 times and 500 times of antitranspirant diluted by 300 times before loading in order to prevent the branches and leaves of the trunks from being dehydrated, and the rain cloth is covered;
(4) before planting, a, digging a planting hole with the depth being 0.72 time of the depth of a soil ball and the length and width being 1.28 times of the diameter of the soil ball in advance on a planting site, b, backfilling soil with the thickness being 0.22 times of the depth of the planting hole into the planting hole, wherein the backfilling soil is a mixture of, by mass, 4: 1.05: 1.12, backfilling soil with loose particles less than 3 centimeters, and draining the planting land to ensure that the planting land is not accumulated with water;
specifically, the soil in the backfilled soil is Yangtze river impact moist soil with the surface layer of 25-45 cm.
Specifically, the organic fertilizer is prepared by compounding chicken manure, plant ash, bean pulp and corn straw powder and then adding bacillus mucilaginosus with the weight of 0.015 of the raw materials to ferment for 18 days, wherein N, P2O5And K2The nutrient content of O is 0.18-0.22%, 0.036-0.043% and 0.25-0.37%, respectively.
(5) When the nursery stock arrives at the site, immediately carrying out tissue trimming and leaf removing work after the nursery stock arrives at the site, trimming off leaves of the whole tree body 2/3, b, trimming off dead branches, carrying out sparse trimming on old branches and overlapped inner branches, and c, immediately smearing tree callus cream on trimmed wounds;
(6) and (4) planting, namely immediately carrying out mechanical and manual planting on the osmanthus fragrans finished in the trimming procedure, wherein the height of the surface of a soil ball is 25-40cm higher than the ground, and piling and planting the proportioned backfilled soil. The time from digging to planting of the nursery stock is controlled within 24 hours;
(7) after planting, timely following up with the work of supporting, winding a moisturizing belt on a trunk and watering root fixing water for the planted osmanthus fragrans, repeatedly watering for many times for the first time, and simultaneously watering 200 times of a diluted rooting agent liquid and 1mg/L of vitamin B1, wherein the watering amount of each big osmanthus fragrans tree is 22L, so that the root system can be promoted to grow;
(8) during the maintenance period, the maintenance measures are the key for the survival of the large-size osmanthus fragrans in summer, particularly after the osmanthus fragrans enters the high-temperature rain-less and rainy days, and the following aspects are particularly noted: a. the method comprises the steps of hanging bottles on an osmanthus fragrans trunk to infuse nutrient solution, before the root system does not recover the function, ensuring sufficient water supply of the trunk, keeping the osmanthus fragrans trunk leaves in the morning and evening every day in sunny and hot high-temperature rainy days in summer, namely spraying the osmanthus fragrans trunk leaves before the sun comes out and after the sun falls into a mountain, so that the effects of increasing air and reducing the humidity of trees and reducing the temperature of a small environment to promote the seedling recovery are achieved, and in the middle time period of morning and evening, spraying 300 times of anti-transpirant dilution and 500 times of spraying are carried out on the tree branches and leaves to prevent the fulminating sun in the summer, reducing the evaporation of the water of the tree body, d, placing 20L garden maintenance drip irrigation bags on the osmanthus fragrans tree disc, and carrying.
Comparative example 2
A method for improving transplanting survival rate of big osmanthus trees in summer specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before transplanting, selecting a big osmanthus tree which is strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, full in tree shape and luxuriant in branches and leaves, and uniformly spraying 300 times of an antitranspirant for the seedlings of the tree crown leaves in each day three days before transplanting; if the nursery garden is dry for a long time, water should be supplemented once in three days before digging, the roots of the big osmanthus fragrans trees are watered and drenched once, and the water content of the root soil is guaranteed to be 30% before transplanting;
(2) digging, transplanting in spring and autumn generally requires that soil balls are 6-8 times of the diameter of the tree trunk, and 10-12 times of the diameter of the tree trunk in summer, the depth of the soil balls is 2/3 of the diameter of the soil balls, when digging is carried out to 3/5 of the depth of the soil balls, the soil balls gradually shrink to be semicircular, the roots outside the more soil balls are trimmed to be flush, wound healing paste is coated on the wound to avoid breakage of the soil balls, and simultaneously 650mg/L of carbendazim solution is uniformly sprayed on the soil balls of the dug osmanthus trees, and the spraying amount of the carbendazim solution is 0.05 times of the mass of the soil balls;
(3) transportation, wherein in the transportation process, the branches and leaves of the osmanthus fragrans trunks are uniformly sprayed by 300 times and 500 times of antitranspirant diluted by 300 times before loading in order to prevent the branches and leaves of the trunks from being dehydrated, and the rain cloth is covered;
(4) before planting, a, digging a field planting hole with the depth being 0.72 times of the depth of a soil ball and the length and width being 1.28 times of the diameter of the soil ball in advance on a planting site, b, backfilling soil with the thickness being 0.22 times of the depth of the field planting hole into the field planting hole, and c, well draining the planting plots to ensure that the planting plots are not accumulated with water;
(5) when the nursery stock arrives at the site, immediately carrying out tissue trimming and leaf removing work after the nursery stock arrives at the site, trimming off leaves of the whole tree body 2/3, b, trimming off dead branches, carrying out sparse trimming on old branches and overlapped inner branches, and c, immediately smearing tree callus cream on trimmed wounds;
(6) and (4) planting, namely immediately organizing the sweet osmanthus flowers subjected to the trimming procedure through mechanical and manual planting, wherein the height of the surface of a soil ball is 25-40cm higher than the ground, and piling and planting the soil with the field-dug planting holes. The time from digging to planting of the nursery stock is controlled within 24 hours;
(7) after planting, timely following up with the work of supporting, winding a moisturizing belt on a trunk and watering root fixing water for the planted osmanthus fragrans, repeatedly watering for many times for the first time, and simultaneously watering 200 times of a diluted rooting agent liquid and 1mg/L of vitamin B1, wherein the watering amount of each big osmanthus fragrans tree is 22L, so that the root system can be promoted to grow;
(8) during the maintenance period, the maintenance measures are the key for the survival of the large-size osmanthus fragrans in summer, particularly after the osmanthus fragrans enters the high-temperature rain-less and rainy days, and the following aspects are particularly noted: a. b, spraying leaves of the osmanthus tree trunks in the morning and evening of the weather, namely before the sun comes out and after the sun falls in a mountain in the morning and evening, so as to increase air and tree humidity and reduce the temperature of a small environment to promote the seedling recovery effect, c, spraying 500 times of an anti-transpirant diluted 300 times to the tree branches and leaves in the middle time period of the morning and evening, so as to prevent the fulmination of the sun in the hot summer period, reduce the evaporation of the tree moisture, d, placing 20L garden maintenance drip irrigation bags on the osmanthus tree discs, and performing drip irrigation on the tree disc soil for supplementing water; and applying a micro-fertilizer after planting for one and a half months, wherein the micro-fertilizer is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1.15: 10.8: 3.05: 1.98 of a mixture of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate and borax, wherein the application amount of the micro-fertilizer is 300g per plant; in the later period, water supplement and drought resistance are mainly used.
Comparative example 3
The conventional transplanting method, namely digging seedlings, transporting, digging holes for planting and watering after planting, is not described again.
Discussion and analysis of results
Table 1 below shows the comparison results of the survival rate and the like corresponding to each of the transplanting methods in the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples.
TABLE 1 comparison of the results of inventive and comparative examples
The results in the table 1 are analyzed, and it can be seen that the method provided by the invention achieves the purposes of simultaneously sterilizing and supplementing water by spraying 500-750mg/L carbendazim solution on the soil ball, so as to promote the survival of the soil ball; the backfill mass ratio is (3.5-4.2): (0.8-1.1): (0.85-1.18) the mixture of the soil, the river sand and the organic fertilizer can slowly supplement nutrients, and can promote the roots of the transplanted osmanthus trees to absorb water and promote the survival and growth of the osmanthus trees; the method comprises the following steps of applying the weight ratio of (0.8-1.2) to (8.8-12.3) to the big osmanthus tree planted after one and a half months: (2.6-3.2) and (1.7-2.08) the trace element is supplemented by the trace element fertilizer consisting of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate and borax, and the root growth and branch and leaf development of the trace element fertilizer are improved.
Finally, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving the transplanting survival rate of big osmanthus trees in summer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pre-treatment before transplanting, namely uniformly spraying the antitranspirant diluted by 300 times and 500 times on crown leaves of the osmanthus trees 2-4 days before transplanting, and thoroughly watering to ensure that the water content of root soil is 25-35% before transplanting;
s2, digging seedlings and transporting, namely uniformly spraying 750mg/L carbendazim solution 500 times and 750mg/L on the dug soil balls of the big osmanthus trees, wherein the spraying amount of the carbendazim solution is 0.04-0.065 times of the mass of the soil balls, and the water evaporation of the big osmanthus trees in the seedling digging and transporting processes is reduced;
s3, digging holes for planting, digging fixed planting holes with the depth of 0.3-0.75 time of the depth of soil balls and the length and width of 1.15-1.32 times of the diameter of the soil balls, backfilling soil with the thickness of 0.2-0.3 time of the depth of the fixed planting holes into the fixed planting holes, trimming the osmanthus trees, planting, controlling the surface of the planted soil balls to be higher than the ground by 25-40cm, and planting in a piling and enclosing mode by the backfilled soil, wherein the backfilled soil is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of (3.5-4.2): (0.8-1.1): (0.85-1.18) a mixture of soil, river sand and organic fertilizer;
and S4, maintaining after planting, irrigating a rooting promoting liquid fertilizer after planting, and spraying and/or spraying an antitranspirant at regular time to reduce water evaporation until the root system recovers the function.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, N, P of the organic fertilizer is added2O5And K2The nutrient content of O is 0.18-0.22%, 0.036-0.043% and 0.25-0.37% respectively;
preferably, the organic fertilizer is prepared by compounding chicken manure, plant ash, bean pulp and corn straw powder and then adding bacillus mucilaginosus with the weight of 0.01-0.018 of the raw material weight for fermentation for 12-20 days.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, in step S3,
the soil in the backfilled soil is Yangtze river impact tidal soil with the surface layer of 25-45 cm;
and/or the particle size of the backfilled soil is 1.6-2.8 cm.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the rooting promoting liquid fertilizer is 180-230 times diluted rooting agent liquid containing 0.8-1.2mg/L vitamin B1;
preferably, the irrigation amount of the root promoting liquid fertilizer is 15-24L per plant.
5. The method of claim 1 or 4, wherein step S4 further comprises applying trace fertilizer after planting for a half and a half, wherein the trace fertilizer is prepared by mass ratio of (0.8-1.2): 8.8-12.3): (2.6-3.2) and (1.7-2.08), wherein the application amount of the micro-fertilizer is 240-320g per plant.
6. The method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein, in step S4,
also comprises that after planting, the sweet osmanthus tree trunk is immediately subjected to transfusion of nutrient solution by a hanging bottle;
and/or after planting, spraying the water to increase the humidity in the morning and at night every day, and spraying the antitranspirant diluted by 300-fold in the morning and at noon every day.
7. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in step S1, when digging the sweet osmanthus tree with hemispherical soil ball, the root system extending out of the soil ball is trimmed, the callus is applied on the cut root surface, and the antitranspirant diluted by 300 times and 500 times is sprayed on the branches and leaves of the trunk to cover the rain cloth to avoid the soil ball from breaking.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the ball is dug in step S1 by controlling the diameter of the ball to be 10-12 times the diameter of the trunk, the depth of the ball to be 0.6-0.7 times the diameter of the ball, and the ball is gradually contracted to be semi-spherical when the ball is dug to 0.6 times the depth of the ball.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in step S3, leaves are trimmed to a total amount of 60 to 70% on site before planting, dead and old branches are trimmed off, overlapped inner branches are sparsely trimmed, and tree-healing paste is applied to the trimmed wounds.
10. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the planting time from the digging of the seedling in step S2 to the planting in step S3 is controlled to be less than 24 hours.
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| CN112136639A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-29 | 榆林市林业产业开发中心 | Application of grease in promoting survival and growth of transplanted evergreen big tree |
| CN113179906A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-30 | 北京亚林佳农生物科学研究院 | High-survival-rate transplanting method for big pecan trees |
| CN113229096A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-10 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Method suitable for afforestation and greening of high-altitude towns |
| CN115067136A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-20 | 广州交投绿化建设有限公司 | Expressway tree transplanting and maintaining method |
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| CN113179906A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-30 | 北京亚林佳农生物科学研究院 | High-survival-rate transplanting method for big pecan trees |
| CN115067136A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-20 | 广州交投绿化建设有限公司 | Expressway tree transplanting and maintaining method |
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