CN1027288C - 具有驱虫活性的新物质的生产方法 - Google Patents
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- CN1027288C CN1027288C CN90101176A CN90101176A CN1027288C CN 1027288 C CN1027288 C CN 1027288C CN 90101176 A CN90101176 A CN 90101176A CN 90101176 A CN90101176 A CN 90101176A CN 1027288 C CN1027288 C CN 1027288C
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Abstract
具有驱虫活性的新物质,即PF1022物质,是通过培养有能力产生所说的物质的霉菌菌株,并从该培养物中回收所说的物质产生的。
Description
本发明涉及命名为PF1022物质的具有驱虫活性的新物质,该物质的制备方法、含该物质的驱虫组合物以及使用该物质的治疗和预防方法。
至今,我们已经知道了许多微生物产生的生理活性物质。但是,它们之中就所知道的而言,还没有一个具有和本发明的这些PF1022物质相同的物理化学特性。另外,还已知一些具有驱虫活性的化合物。但是由微生物产生的且具有驱虫活性,如PF1022物质、连同越霉素A、潮霉素B和阿凡曼菌素在内还是很少数的。
另外,还已知与本发明物质化学结构相似的一种物质如bassianolide(Agric.Biol.Chem.,42(3),629-635(1978)),但是这种物质不具有驱虫活性。
通常在宿主动物体内,被寄生虫寄生或感染引起的寄生虫疾病,对人体、动物和农作物造成严重的危害。因此,人们总是期望一种新的驱虫剂出现。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种有驱虫活性的新化合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一个确定的该物质的生产方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种含有该物质作为活性成分的驱虫组合物,以及利用该驱虫组合物治疗和预防寄生虫感染的方法。
为了达到上述目的,本发明者耐心地寻找了具有驱虫活性的物质。结果发现霉菌菌株的培养物含有驱虫物质。本发明者分离出了该活性物质。并确定了该物质的物理化学特性。
因此,本发明一方面提供了具有以下特性的PF1022物质:
(1)外观:无色晶体;
(2)熔点:104-106℃;
(3)分子式:C52H76N4O12;
(4)元素分析:
计算值(%):C,65.80;H,8.07;N,5.90
实验值(%):C,65.46;H,8.25;N,6.10;
(5)质谱(EI-MS):m/z 948(M+);
(6)旋光率[α]22 D:-102°(C=0.1,甲醇);
(7)紫外线吸收光谱:如图1所示;
(8)红外线吸收光谱:如图2所示;
(9)1H NMR光谱:如图3所示;
(10)13C NMR光谱:如图4所示;
(11)溶解性:溶于甲醇、乙酸乙脂、丙酮、三氯甲烷和二甲亚砜;难溶于水;
(12)碱、酸或中性分类:中性物质。
X射线分析数据表明PF1022物质具有以下化学结构:
第二方面,本发明提供了生产PF1022物质的方法,该方法包括培养一种能产生PF1022物质的霉菌菌株,并且从培养物中回收PF1022物质。
第三方面,本发明提供了含有PF1022物质的驱虫组合物。
图1显示了在甲醇(100微克/毫升)中PF1022物质的紫外线吸收光谱。
图2显示了由溴化钾圆盘法记录的PF1022物质的红外吸收光谱。
图3显示了在400MHz氚代氯仿溶液中记录的PF1022物质的质子核磁共振光谱。
图4显示了在100MHz氚代氯仿溶液中记录的PF1022物质的碳13核磁共振光谱。
可以产生PF1022物质的微生物菌株,被称之为菌株PF1022[中国保藏机构:中国武汉市,中国典型培养物保藏中心(简称CCTCC),保藏日;1990年2月6日,保藏编号:M90003],是一种从在1988年于日本Ibaraki县收集的植物试样中新分离出的菌株,并且具有以下的真菌学特性。
菌株CCTCC M90003(PF1022)的真菌学特性
该菌株在25℃以下四种介质中生长充分:土豆葡糖琼脂(PDA),土豆胡萝卜琼脂(PCA),麦芽提取物琼脂(MEA),和燕麦粉琼脂(OA),7天中白色绒毛状菌丝覆盖整个陪替氏培养皿(>85毫米)。该菌落的反面是白色至淡黄色的。生长约3周后在所说的反面可观察到直径为2-3毫米的深褐色斑点。没有观察到任何其它特殊的形态特性,如分生孢子形成。可溶的色素形成是微不足道的,在pH5-7的范围内可以生长得很好。
该菌株在25℃以下介质中生长不良:Czapek Dox琼脂(CzA),
Miura琼脂(LcA)和玉米粉琼脂(CMA)。生长7天后白色绒毛状菌落的尺寸约为10-20毫米。没有观察到分生孢子及其类似物形成。在37℃该菌株不生长。在15℃,该菌株在PCA、PDA、MEA和OA中生长成约35-50毫米大小,而另一方面,其培养物特征与在25℃时观察到的几乎相同。
在25℃用麦杆、香焦叶、麝香石竹叶或类似物质覆盖普通琼脂的培养物,观察一个月没有出现任何特殊的形态特征,如分生孢子形成。
鉴于以上的特征,将这个菌株命名为列属于Agonomycetales (Myceliasterilia)目的菌株CCTCC M90003(PF1022)。
根据布达佩斯条约,该菌株已寄存在工业科学技术机构发酵研究所处,寄存号为FERM BP-2671。就象其它霉菌菌株一样,菌株CCTCC M90003(PF1022)的特性是易变的。因此,例如由这个菌株衍生的任何突变体(由自发产生或人工诱导的突变)、表型合子(phenozygote)或遗传重组体,只要它们能产生该PF1002物质就可用于本发明的实施。在本发明方法的实践中,上面提及的霉菌菌株或任何其它的产生PF1022物质的霉菌菌株是在含有一般可以被微生物利用的普通营养素的培养基中培养的。可以使用在现有技术中对霉菌生长有用的那些营养源。
菌株CCTCC M90003(PF1022)的培养方法
可使用的碳源是葡萄糖、蔗糖、淀粉浆、糊精、淀粉、甘油、糖蜜,动物和植物油亦包括在内。可使用的氮源是例如大豆饼、麦胚、玉米浆、棉子饼、肉羹、胨、酵母膏、硫酸铵、硝酸钠和尿素。必要时也可有效地向培养基中加入可以提供钠、钾、钙、镁、钴、氯化物磷酸盐、硫酸盐和其它离子的无机盐。此外,可以适当地加入一些能促使该霉菌菌株生长和产生PF1022物质的有机和无机物质。
培养在需氧条件下,尤其是在浸没培养的方式下协调地进行。温度范围为15-30℃时适合于培养,大多数情况下,最佳生长温度为约
26℃,在震摇培养或水罐培养中,尽管所需的期限取决于所使用的培养基和培养条件。但PF1022物质的产生在2-10天中通常达到最大积累。当PF1022物质的积累达到峰值时,停止培养过程,从培养液中分离和提纯所需的产品。
PF1022物质的纯化
通过普通的分离方式,利用其物理化学特性,如溶剂萃取、离子交换树脂处理、吸附或分配柱层析、凝胶过滤、渗析、沉淀等等,或者是单一的或者以适当结合的形式,可以从培养物中回收用以上方法生产的PF1022物质。因此,例如用丙酮-水或甲醇-水可以从培养的细胞中萃取该PF1022物质。在培养物上清液中积累的PF1022物质可以被合成的吸附剂Diaion HP-20(Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation)吸附,例如或者可以被萃取到水不可混溶的有机溶剂例如丁醇或乙酸乙酯中。
为了进一步提纯,可以使用吸附剂如硅胶(如Wakogel C-200,Wako Pure Chemical Industries)或氧化铝或凝胶过滤介质如Sephadex
LH-20(Pharmacia)对该PF1022物质进行层析。反相高效液相色谱是另一个用于此目的的有效的手段。
在纯化步骤期间,可通过硅胶薄层色谱或高效液相色谱对该PF1022物质进行检测。用薄层色谱检测时,样品被应用于硅胶板(例如,Merck,art.5715)并用氯仿-乙酸乙酯(体积比2∶1)展开,用一种能产生颜色的钼试剂,在Rf值为0.57处,可检测到为一蓝斑的该PF1022物质。用高效液相色谱检测时,将样品加到一个柱(例如,ODS-H,Shimazu Techno-Reserach,Inc.,4mm(l.d.)×150mm)上并用80%乙腈溶液,以0.75ml/min的流量展开,通过在220nm处测定吸收度,在保留时间为7.1min.时出现的一个峰可检测到该PF1022物质。
第三方面,本发明提供了含有该PF1022物质作为活性成分的驱肠虫组合物。
可以用该PF1022物质作为驱肠虫剂的动物包括猪、牛、马、
兔、绵羊、山羊、鸡、鸭、火鸡、大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠、猴子、狗、猫、小鸟、以及类似的家庭动物、家禽、试验动物和供玩赏的动物等等,该PF1022物质也可用于人类。用该PF1022物质可以从宿主动物中除去的寄生物包括,尤其是牛和羊的寄生虫例如捻转血矛线虫(Haemonchus contortus),胃虫(Ostertagia ostertagi),属于毛园线虫属(Trichostrongylus)的小毛虫(例如T、colubriformis)、属于库柏丝虫(Cooperia curticei)属的哪些、属于结节线虫属(Oesophagostomum radiatum,Oesophagostomum columbianum,Oesophagostomum venulosum)的小结虫、端吸盘虫(Paramphistomum cervi)、肠绦虫(Moniezia benedeni),肺虫(Dictyocaulus filaria,Dictyocaulus viviparus)和肝吸虫(Fasciola hepatica),猪的寄生虫例如大肠蛔虫(Ascaris suum),鞭虫(Trichuris suis),和小结虫(Oesophagostomum dentatum),马的寄生虫如大蛔虫(Parascaris eguorum)、蛲虫(Oxyuris egui)、属于胃线虫属(例如,Habronema megastoma)的胃虫、属虫圆线虫属(例如,S.eguinus)的大圆线虫,属于三齿线虫属(例如,T.serratus)的小圆线虫,狗的寄生虫,例如蛔虫(Toxocara canis),钩虫(Ancylostoma canium),鞭虫(Trichuris vulpis),和大恶丝虫(Dirofilaria immitis),猫的寄生虫,例如蛔虫(Toxocara cati),和绦虫(Diphyllobothrium erinacei),以及鸡的寄生虫,例如蛔虫(Ascaridia galli),属于毛线虫属(如C.annulate)的毛细线虫或毛虫和盲肠虫(Heterakis gallinae)以及人体内消化道寄生虫,例如蛔虫(Ascaris lumbricoides),蛲虫(Enterobius vermicularis),钩虫(Ancylostoma duodenale,Ancylostoma ceylanicum,Necator americanus),东方毛虫(Trichostrongylus or lentalis),粪类圆线虫(Strongyloides stercoralis)和鞭虫(Trichuris trichiura)。
该PF1022物质可用于治疗和预防寄生虫感染。为了便于治疗,该PF1022物质可以口服或非肠胃投药。为了口服,该物质可以以甘油、聚乙二醇等溶
液、悬浮液或以油如花生油、大豆油等乳浊液的形式通过胃管或类似装置,以用普通喂料或饮用水稀释或混合物的形式强迫服用,或以制成适于口服的通常剂型,如片剂、胶囊、小丸、大丸、粉末或软胶囊服用。为了非肠胃施用,可以通过注射或其它手段以在花生油、大豆油或类似物质中的水难溶制剂的形式或以在甘油、聚乙二醇或类似物质中的水溶性制剂的形式进行皮下、肌内、静脉内、腹膜内或通过类似的途径投药。为了预防目的,通常是以与喂料混合使用方式给予口服。在用于预防时,投药的持续时间是不受限制的,但在大多数情况下,对于用于烤焙的鸡或类似动物投药约2个月是足够的,对于猪需要投药5个月。
PF1022物质的剂量可以取决于待治疗的动物,一种寄生虫或多种寄生虫以及投药方式而变化。例如,为了杀灭鸡的蛔虫时,使用胃管口服给予液体制剂,每天的剂量不少于0.05mg/kg,最好是0.2-3mg/kg,每天一次或2-5次。为了预防目的,将该物质加入到喂料中,每份喂料中其浓度不低于1ppm,最好每份喂料中为5-10ppm,并且连续投药。
此外,可以将液体载体中的该PF1022物质的溶液或悬浮液通过皮下或肌内注射肠胃外给动物施用。使用植物油如花生油和大豆油的非水制剂以及含水溶性赋形剂如甘油和聚乙二醇的水溶性肠胃外制剂可用于非肠胃道给药。这些制剂通常含有0.1-10%重量的该PF1022物质。每天的肠胃外剂量一般不低于0.01mg/kg,最好在0.1-10mg/kg范围内。
即使当将该PF1022物质以300mg/kg的剂量给小鼠口服时,体重正常增加,没有任何反常现象。这表明这种物质的毒性非常低,该PF1022物质在埃姆斯试验和哺乳动物细胞染色体畸变试验中呈阴性结果,这表明该物质不存在有诱变性问题。
下面的实施例仅仅是为了说明本发明,而不意味限制本发明的范围。当然,各种改进或改变可以在不违反本发明要旨的方式下作出。
实施例1
将具有下列组成的介质用作为种子培养基:1.0%淀粉,1.0%葡萄糖,0.5%棉子饼,0.5%麦芽,0.5%大豆饼,0.5%酵母浸膏,0.1%硫酸镁(七水合物),0.2%碳酸钙和0.2%氯化钠。
所使用的生产培养基具有以下组份:3.0%淀粉浆,1.0%大豆油、0.8%麦芽,1.0%大豆饼,1.0%干酵母,0.3%碳酸钙,0.2%硫酸镁(七水合物)和0.2%氯化钠。
杀菌前将该培养基调整到pH7.0。
将以上提到的该种子培养基以每份20ml分配到100ml的锥形烧瓶中,于120℃下杀菌15分钟,并且在每个烧瓶中接种2-3铂环量的不完全的霉菌菌株CCTCC M90003(PF1022)
的斜面琼脂培养物于26℃摇瓶培养7天以得到初及的种子培养物。然后,将种子培养基以每份80ml置入500ml的锥形烧瓶中,在120℃下杀菌15分钟,在每个烧瓶中接种4ml上述初级的种子培养物。在26℃下摇瓶培养2天得到次级的种子培养物。将该产品培养基以每份35升分到两个50升的发酵罐中,在120℃下杀菌30分钟,接种上述次级的种子培养物(每个发酵罐中的总量从5个500ml的烧瓶而来。在26℃下通气(20升/分钟),搅拌(先以250rpm的速率搅拌65小时,然后以400rpm的速率搅拌)培养5天。
培养完成后,将硅藻土(助滤剂)加到培养物中,过滤该混合物。
把60%丙酮-水(62升)加到这样获得的含固体物质的细胞中,搅拌该混合物1个小时,然后过滤除去细胞。从所得的细胞提取物中蒸馏掉丙酮,得到浓缩物(11.7升)从这个浓缩物中用乙酸乙酯(23升)来萃取该PF1022物质。该乙酸乙酯的浓缩物是一种油状物质(19.8g),将该油状物质通过硅胶(Wakogel C-200 250g)色谱柱,用三氯甲烷(2升)和由三氯甲烷和甲醇(100∶1,1.5升)组成的混合溶剂作为展开剂。用硅胶TLC板(Merck,Art.5715),一种氯仿和乙酸乙酯(2∶1体积)的混合溶剂作为展开剂并用钼试剂作为产生颜色的试剂,通过硅胶薄层色谱对该PF1022物质进行检测,在Rf值为0.57处检测到为蓝斑点的该PF1022。将含该PF1022物质的组分合并,浓缩至干得到一种棕色的油(4.25克)。将如此得到的粗PF1022物质溶于少量甲醇中并用预先经甲醇平衡的Sephadex
LH-20(1升)柱,以甲醇作为展开剂,进行柱色谱层析,合并含有该PF1022物质的各组分并浓缩至干,得到一种淡黄色的粉末(594毫克)。将100毫克的这种粉末通过高效液相色谱(YMC,D-ODS-5),使用乙腈和水(85∶15)的混合溶剂作为展开剂进一步提纯。合并含该PF1022物质的组份,蒸馏掉溶剂得到一种无色粉末(65.5毫克)。将这种粉末溶解在0.5毫升的丙酮中,向该溶液中加入5毫升的己烷,然后将该混合物在室温下放置过夜,得到无色柱形(24.9毫克)的该PF1022物质。将如此得到的PF1022物质用于下面实施例。
实施例2
给通过粪便镜查证人工感染了肠蛔虫(Ascaridia galli)的鸡以3个动物为一组进行试验,将PF1022物质从0.2mg/kg到3mg/kg分成5个剂量水平使用,将18只鸡分成6组,其中包括未处理的对照组。
称重该PF1022物质,使其量精确地等于以每只鸡的体重为基础计算的剂量,并将该物质悬浮在含羧甲基纤维素(CMC)的水中,将该悬浮液以一次剂量通过胃管给鸡口服。给药后,计算每只鸡
每天排出的蛔虫,7天后,处死每只鸡,进行尸体解剖,计算保留在肠道中的蛔虫,百分排除率计算如下:
百分排除数= (7天内排出的蛔虫数)/(7天内排出的蛔虫数+保留的蛔虫数目) ×100
此外,测量每只鸡给药前的体重和给药7天后的体重并如下计算体重增重百分率:
体重增重百分率 (给药7天后的体重-给药前的体重)/(给药前的体重) ×100
上述试验结果列于表1
表1.应用PF1022物质的鸡大肠蛔虫排出试验
鸡号 剂量mg/kg 排出% 平均排出% 体增重% 平均体增重%
1 0 9.5
2 0 0 0 8.8 9.6
3 0 10.4
4 12.9 6.3
5 0.2 16.0 18.5 8.4 9.6
6 26.7 14.0
7 16.4 8.2
8 0.5 52.1 45.4 11.5 9.2
9 67.7 7.8
10 60.0 8.2
剂量
鸡号 mg/kg 排出% 平均排出% 体增重% 平均体增重%
11 1 76.1 74.1 6.6 8.7
12 86.2 11.2
13 82.1 7.8
14 2 93.5 84.6 10.5 8.9
15 78.3 8.4
16 100 11.8
17 3 95.5 98.0 9.7 9.9
18 98.3 8.3
正如表1所示,该PF1022物质在剂量为0.2mg/kg时呈现出驱虫活性,并且随着剂量的增加,驱虫效率增加,在3mg/kg时达到近似100%。达到100%排出的剂量的体重增重百分率与没有给药的对照组相近,表明该物质是一个具有很高安全性的物质。
实施例3
给通过粪便镜查证感染了大肠蛔虫(Ascaris suum)的猪口服该PF1022物质,来估价该物质的驱虫效果。
该PF1022物质或以5mg/kg或以10mg/kg一次给药,或以每天剂量为1.25mg/kg,2.5mg/kg或5mg/kg每天一次,连续给药2天通过将一定量(例如相当于每次剂量)的该物质与一小部分饲料混合给予施用。给药后,计算排出的蛔虫数目,并每天检查粪便的每克粪便蛔虫卵的数量(EPG)。开始给药一周后,处死该动物,进行尸体解剖,计算保留在肠道中的蛔虫数目。
所得结果示于表2
表2 PF1022物质对猪大肠蛔虫的驱虫活性
给药 剂量 EPG 排出蛔虫 保留蛔虫 排出
(mg/kg/给药) 给药前 尸检时 数量 数量 百分数
1 10 2100 200 7 5 58.3
5 99000 8000 12 13 48.0
2 5 2700 0 13 0 100
2.5 3300 0 3 1 75.0
2.5 3800 0 1 1 50.0
1.25 2300 500 2 9 18.2
1.25 1800 100 2 4 33.3
正如表2所示,在1.25mg/kg给药2天的情况下,该物质已显示出驱虫活性。在以2.5mg/kg给药2天和以5mg/kg或10mg/kg一次给药时,蛔虫排出百分率不低于50%。以5mg/kg给药2天时,蛔虫排出百分率达到100%。
所以,该PF1022物质对猪大肠蛔虫产生明显的驱虫效果。
实施例4
给通过粪便镜查证感染了鞭虫(Trichuris suis)的猪口服PF1022物质,从而估价该物质对猪的驱虫效果。
将该物质或者是以1mg/kg、5mg/kg或10mg/kg一次给药。或者是以每天剂量2.5mg/kg或5mg/kg
每天一次、连续给药2天,通过将一定量(例如相当于每个剂量)的该物质与一小部分饲料混合给予施用。给药后,每天测定每个动物每克粪便中的鞭虫卵数量(EPG),并计算在三个动物中排出的鞭虫,开始给药一周后,处死所有的动物,进行尸体解剖,计算保留在肠道中的鞭虫。
所得结果示于表3。
表3 PF1022物质对猪鞭虫的驱虫活性
给药 剂量 EPG 排出的虫 保留的虫 排出
(mg/kg/给药) 给药前 尸检时 数量 数量 百分数
1 10 1800 0 -* 0 100
5 1500 0 - 0 100
5 21600 100 348 14 96.1
5 3200 0 90 24 78.8
1 5500 1200 14 334 4.0
2 5 100 0 - 0 100
2.5 2100 0 - 1 100
2.5 3000 0 - 1 -
*没有数据可得到。
正如表3所示,当以1mg/kg一次给药时,该物质表现出轻微的驱虫活性,当以5mg/kg一次给药时,得到的虫排出百分率达到约80%-100%。当以10mg/kg一次给药或者以5mg
/kg给药2天时,在这些动物中没有保留肠虫,排出率达到100%。当以2.5mg/kg给药2天,在1只动物中发现保留了一条鞭虫,而其它动物中没有发现鞭虫。
由此发现该PF物质对猪鞭虫具有明显的驱虫活性。
实施例5
给通过粪便镜查证感染了猫蛔虫(Toxocara cati)的12只猫一次口服PF1022物质,来估价该物质对猫蛔虫的驱虫活性。
将受感染的猫分成4只一组共3组,分别给予0.2mg/kg、1mg/kg和5mg/kg的该物质与少量的通常饲料混合物进行给药。观察给药后7天期间排出的蛔虫条数和给药7天后进行尸体解剖时发现保留的蛔虫数目。
结果示于表4。
表4 PF1022物质对猫大肠蛔虫的驱虫活性
剂量(mg/kg) 排出的蛔虫数目 保留的蛔虫数目 排出百分率
5 2 0 100
5 2 0 100
5 2 0 100
5 15 0 100
1 4 0 100
1 3 0 100
1 28 0 100
1 4 1 80.0
剂量(mg/kg) 排出的蛔虫数目 保留的蛔虫数目 排出百分率
0.2 2 0 100
0.2 7 0 100
0.2 4 0 100
0.2 1 1 50.0
正如表4所示,剂量为0.2mg/kg时,4只动物中有3只排出为100%。剂量为5mg/kg时,所有动物排出为100%。
由此发现该PF1022物质对猫蛔虫具有明显的驱虫活性。
实施例6
给通过粪便镜查证感染了猫钩虫(Ancylostoma tubaeforme)的12只猫一次口服给药该PF1022物质,来估价该物质对猫钩虫的驱虫效果。
将该受了感染的猫分成3组每组4只,分别给予0.2mg/kg、1mg/kg和5mg/kg的该物质与少量的普通饲料混合物进行给药。观察给药后7天内排出的钩虫条数和给药7天后进行尸体解剖时发现保留的钩虫数目。
结果示于表5
表5 PF1022物质对猫钩虫的驱虫活性
剂量(mg/kg) 排出的钩虫数目 保留的钩虫数目 排出百分率
5 7 0 100
5 6 0 100
5 3 0 100
5 68 0 100
1 5 3 62.5
1 10 0 100
1 56 8 87.5
1 55 1 98.2
0.2 82 55 59.9
0.2 3 3 50.0
0.2 110 240 31.4
0.2 6 0 100
正如表5所示,剂量为0.2mg/kg时,有一只猫的排出率为100%。随着剂量的增加排出百分率也增加。剂量为5mg/kg时,所有的猫的排出率为100%。
由此证实该PF1022物质对猫鞭虫具有明显的驱虫效果。
实施例7
为了测定该PF1022物质对混合感染了第四胃虫(Ostertagia circumcincta)和小肠毛虫(Trichostrongytus colubriformis)的绵
羊的驱虫效果,将该物质给24只人工感染了所说的两种肠虫的绵羊口服。
将受了感染的绵羊6只一组分成4组,通过胃导管分别服用1mg/kg、5mg/kg、10mg/kg和0mg/kg(对照试验)的悬浮在0.5%CMC中的该物质。观察给药前每克粪便中寄生虫卵数量(EPG)、给药后7天内的EPG,以及给药7天后进行尸体解剖发现的保留在第四胃中的以及保留在肠道中的寄生虫数量。
结果示于表6,每个给出的数值是6只动物的平均值。
表6 PF1022物质对绵羊消化道毛虫的驱虫效果
剂量 EPG 保留的虫数目
(mg/kg) 给药前 尸检时 给药前 尸检时
10 2332 1970 2463 5333
5 2458 2462 4717 8317
1 2447 3114 4967 8750
5 2148 3103 5433 10450
正如表6所示,在10mg/kg组中,肠道中保留在第四胃中的和保留在肠道的寄生虫数目分别为对照感染组的一半。
由此发现该PF1022物质对胃虫和毛虫具有驱虫效果。
实施例8
为了估价该PF1022物质对通常称为消化道线虫寄生的牛的
驱虫效果,将该物质口服给通过粪便镜检证感染了线虫(Haemonchus controtus,Ostertagia ostertagi,hairworms,cooperids等)的3头牛。
通过胃管将该物质以水中悬浮液的形式或者一次服用5mg/kg,或者以每天12.5mg/kg服用2天。计算给药前3天和给药后7天粪便中寄生虫卵数(EPG)。
结果示于表7
表7 PF1022物质对牛消化道线虫的驱虫效果
剂量 EPG从-3天到7天的变化
(mg/kg) -3 -2 -1 0* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5.0×1 30 32 34 34 44 61 18 30 6 22 7
12.5×2 91 109 109 112 80 26 34 41 41 42 49
12.5×2 58 58 67 64 39 30 41 29 34 40 36
* 天0:给药的第一天。
正如表7所示,尽管数据变化很广,但EPG表明具有逐渐降低的倾向。当以12.5mg/kg给药2天后,给药后第二天的EPG约为给药前的一半。
由此发现该PF1022物质对消化道线虫具有驱虫效果。
实施例9
给通过粪便镜检证实感染了蛔虫(Parascaris equorum)和园线虫(Strongylus spp.)的马口服该PF1022物质,用来估价PF
1022物质对马的驱虫效果。
把该PF1022物质悬浮在水中用胃管第一天5mg/kg,第二天服用2.5mg/kg,对于蛔虫和园线虫,每天计算每克粪便中的寄生虫卵(EPG),维持一周并计算排出的寄生虫数。确定100克粪便中园线虫的数目。
所得结果示于表8。
表8 PF1022物质对马蛔虫和园线虫的驱虫效果
天 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
剂量(mg/kg) 5 2.5 - - - - - -
雌马蛔虫(Equine
roundworms)
EPG 77 52 0.4 0.2 0 0 0.2 0
排出的虫数 0 22 17 0 0 0 0 0
园线虫(Strongyles)
EPG 265 82 0.6 0.4 0 0 0.2 -
排出的虫数 0 82 0 0 0 0 0 0
注*:每100克粪便数目
-:未给药
正如表8所示,在给药第二天,EPG开始减少,在第三天急剧减少。在给药的第二天和第三天观察到蛔虫排出。在随后的连续几天内,没有发现蛔虫排出。仅在给药的第二天发现大量地排出园线虫(每
100克粪便82尾虫),在随后的几天内没有大量地排出园线虫。
由此表明,该PF1022物质对马蛔虫和园线虫有强烈的驱虫效果。
实施例10
为了估价该PF1022物质对经过粪便镜检确证感染了大肠蛔虫(Ascaridia galli)的9只鸡的驱虫效果,将该物质与饲料混合给鸡服用。
将鸡分成3组每组3只,分别为1ppm、5ppm和10ppm组,含有以上给出各浓度的该PF1022物质的饲料,给鸡服用3周。在一周内每天计算以“EPG”表达的每克粪便中的寄生虫卵和排出的虫数。在给药结束时,将鸡处死,进行尸体解剖,计算保留的虫数。
所得结果示于表9
表9 PF1022物质对猪鞭虫的驱虫效果
喂料中的浓度 开始给药前的 2周后的 排出的 保留的 排出百
(ppm) 卵数 EPG 虫数 虫数 分率%
10 300 0 44 0 100
10 300< 0 55 0 100
10 176 2 45 55 46.5
5 300 0 68 11 86.1
5 300< 0 29 23 56.9
5 158 0 60 36 62.5
喂料中的浓度 开始给药前的 2周后的 排出的 保留的 排出百
(ppm) 卵数 EPG 虫数 虫数 分率%
1 300< 131 6 49 10.9
1 300< 79 4 96 4.0
1 172 272 0 83 0
正如表9所示,在1ppm组中,仅在2只动物中观察到了排出的寄生虫。在5ppm组中,开始给药2周时,所有动物的粪便中卵数为零。而有一些寄生虫保留在动物体内。在10ppm组中,2只动物寄生虫的排出为100%。
由此发现该PF1022物质对鸡大肠蛔虫具有强的驱虫效果。
实施例11
为了估价该PF1022物质对牛扭转胃虫(Haemonchus contortus)的驱虫活性,将该物质加到试管中,试管中有从牛第四胃中分离出来正在游动的牛扭转胃虫。
将生理食盐溶液分到4只试管中,加热到39-40℃,将从牛第四胃中收集的3-5条扭转胃虫放到每个试管的介质中,使之在试管中游动。将适当量的该PF1022物质溶解在少量的二甲亚砜中,将溶液滴加到该介质中,搅拌混合后,观察每个虫子的状态。调整该PF1022物质的量,使得该物质在三个试管介质中的最终浓度分别为2ppm、8ppm和40ppm、将二甲亚砜单独滴加到剩余的试管中,作为对照。
当PF1022物质浓度达到40ppm时,该虫子在10分钟内停止游动,浓度达到8ppm时,15分钟内停止游动,浓度为2
ppm时,25分钟内停止游动。在对照试管中(只加了二甲亚砜),虫子的游动变弱,即使经过1小时后仍然能观察到虫子游动。
由此显示出该PF1022物质对扭转的胃虫具有极大的麻痹活性。
实施例12
通过给经粪便镜检确证分别感染了蛔虫(Toxocara Canis),钩虫(Ancylostoma caninum)和鞭虫(Trichuris vulpis)的狗口服该PF1022物质,以测定该物质对狗寄生虫的驱虫效果。
将该物质以5mg/kg的剂量通过与少量的普通饲料混合给感染了蛔虫或钩虫的狗一次口服,计算给药后7天内狗排虫和保留的虫数,狗排出了6条蛔虫,而没有发现蛔虫留在狗体内;排出了12条钩虫,而没有发现钩虫留在体内。因此,两种情况下排出率为100%。另一方面,给两只感染了以上提到的鞭虫中的一只狗仅口服5mg/kg的一次剂量的该物质,而另一只服用10mg/kg,计算给药后7天内排出的和未排出的虫数。在5mg/kg时,发现排出了327条鞭虫保留了504条,因此排虫百分率为39.4%,在10mg/kg时,排出了22条鞭虫,而没有未排出的保留。因此,排虫的百分率为100%。
以上所提到的数据表明该PF1022物质对犬的蛔虫、钩虫和鞭虫有很强的驱虫效果。
本发明已进行了详细的描述,参照具体的实施例,对本领域熟练的技术工人来说,显然可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围之下作出各种变化和改进。
Claims (1)
1、一种生产由以下结构式表示的物质的方法,
该方法包括在培养基中培养霉菌菌株CCTCCM90003(PF 10 22),该菌株具有以下真菌学特性:
(1)该菌株在25℃,在土豆葡糖琼脂(PDA)、土豆胡萝卜琼脂(PCA)、麦芽提取物琼脂(MEA)、燕麦粉琼脂(OA)四种培养基中可充分生长,可溶色素的形成是微不足道的,在pH5-7的范围内生长很好,在15℃可在上述四种培养基中生长成约35-50mm大小,其培养特征与在25℃时观察到的几乎相同;
(2)该菌株在25℃,在CzapakDox琼脂(CzA)、Miura琼脂(LcA)、玉米粉琼脂(CMA)等三种培养基中生长不良,在37℃时则不生长;
(3)在25℃接种该菌株于用麦杆或香蕉叶或麝石香竹叶或类似物质复盖的普通琼脂上,一个月仍不出现任何特殊的形态学特征,
并在此培养物中产生和聚集所说的物质,以及从该培养物中回收该物质。
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| BR112020000465B1 (pt) | 2017-07-11 | 2024-02-20 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Derivados oxadiazol microbiocidas |
| WO2019011926A1 (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-17 | Syngenta Participations Ag | MICROBIOCIDE OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES |
| BR112020000371A2 (pt) | 2017-07-12 | 2020-07-14 | Syngenta Participations Ag | derivados de oxadiazol microbiocidas |
| BR112020000414A2 (pt) | 2017-07-12 | 2020-07-21 | Syngenta Participations Ag | derivados de oxadiazol microbicidas |
| BR112020000463A2 (pt) | 2017-07-13 | 2020-07-21 | Syngenta Participations Ag | derivados oxadiazol microbiocidas |
| BR112020004926A2 (pt) | 2017-09-13 | 2020-09-15 | Syngenta Participations Ag | derivados de quinolino(tio)carboxamida microbiocidas |
| BR112020004933A2 (pt) | 2017-09-13 | 2020-09-15 | Syngenta Participations Ag | derivados microbiocidas de (tio)carboxamida de quinolina |
| JP7202367B2 (ja) | 2017-09-13 | 2023-01-11 | シンジェンタ パーティシペーションズ アーゲー | 殺微生物性キノリン(チオ)カルボキサミド誘導体 |
| ES2894762T3 (es) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-02-15 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Derivados de quinolina (tio)carboxamida microbiocidas |
| WO2019053026A1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2019-03-21 | Syngenta Participations Ag | MICROBIOCIDE DERIVATIVES OF QUINOLINE (THIO) CARBOXAMIDE |
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| ES2904910T3 (es) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-04-06 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Derivados de quinolina (tio)carboxamida microbiocidas |
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| WO2019096709A1 (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2019-05-23 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Microbiocidal picolinamide derivatives |
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| GB201721235D0 (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2018-01-31 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Polymorphs |
| BR112020011990A2 (pt) | 2017-12-19 | 2020-11-17 | Syngenta Participations Ag | derivados picolinamida microbiocidas |
| WO2019207062A1 (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2019-10-31 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Microbiocidal oxadiazole derivatives |
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| GB201812692D0 (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-09-19 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Microbiocidal compounds |
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| EP3860993B1 (en) | 2018-10-06 | 2022-08-10 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Microbiocidal quinoline dihydro-(thiazine)oxazine derivatives |
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| WO2024132901A1 (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2024-06-27 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Microbiocidal pyridazine dihydrooxadiazine derivatives |
| PY2403614A (es) | 2023-01-27 | 2025-09-11 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Derivados de pirazol microbiocidas |
| WO2025078263A1 (en) | 2023-10-11 | 2025-04-17 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Microbiocidal pyridyl pyrazole derivatives |
| WO2025104152A1 (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2025-05-22 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Microbiocidal tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives |
| WO2025114167A1 (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2025-06-05 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Microbiocidal pyrazole derivatives |
| PY24108853A (es) | 2023-12-08 | 2025-10-06 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Polimorfos |
| WO2025210095A1 (en) | 2024-04-03 | 2025-10-09 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Microbiocidal tetrahydroisoquinoline compounds |
Family Cites Families (1)
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| US4456592A (en) * | 1977-06-06 | 1984-06-26 | Sanraku-Ocean Co. | Antibiotics, neoviridogriseins, and their method of production |
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1990
- 1990-02-05 NO NO900528A patent/NO176766C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-06 AT AT90102328T patent/ATE131161T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-06 ES ES90102328T patent/ES2083392T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-06 DK DK90102328.3T patent/DK0382173T3/da active
- 1990-02-06 US US07/475,544 patent/US5116815A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-06 DE DE69023934T patent/DE69023934T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-06 EP EP90102328A patent/EP0382173B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-06 JP JP2025176A patent/JP2608479B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-07 KR KR1019900001460A patent/KR0132051B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-07 NZ NZ232408A patent/NZ232408A/en unknown
- 1990-02-07 CA CA002009508A patent/CA2009508C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-07 CN CN90101176A patent/CN1027288C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-07 AU AU49215/90A patent/AU620689B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| NO900528L (no) | 1990-08-08 |
| AU4921590A (en) | 1990-08-16 |
| JP2608479B2 (ja) | 1997-05-07 |
| NO900528D0 (no) | 1990-02-05 |
| NO176766B (no) | 1995-02-13 |
| EP0382173A2 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
| DE69023934T2 (de) | 1996-08-14 |
| CN1046940A (zh) | 1990-11-14 |
| EP0382173B1 (en) | 1995-12-06 |
| US5116815A (en) | 1992-05-26 |
| CA2009508C (en) | 2001-07-03 |
| CA2009508A1 (en) | 1990-08-07 |
| ATE131161T1 (de) | 1995-12-15 |
| NO176766C (no) | 1995-05-24 |
| NZ232408A (en) | 1990-12-21 |
| JPH0335796A (ja) | 1991-02-15 |
| KR0132051B1 (ko) | 1998-04-11 |
| AU620689B2 (en) | 1992-02-20 |
| KR900013082A (ko) | 1990-09-03 |
| EP0382173A3 (en) | 1991-06-05 |
| ES2083392T3 (es) | 1996-04-16 |
| DE69023934D1 (de) | 1996-01-18 |
| DK0382173T3 (da) | 1996-01-02 |
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