CN102648751A - 一种具有解酒护肝功能工程米及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有解酒护肝功能工程米及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102648751A CN102648751A CN2012101312603A CN201210131260A CN102648751A CN 102648751 A CN102648751 A CN 102648751A CN 2012101312603 A CN2012101312603 A CN 2012101312603A CN 201210131260 A CN201210131260 A CN 201210131260A CN 102648751 A CN102648751 A CN 102648751A
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Abstract
一种具有解酒护肝功能工程米及其制备方法本发明是一种针对因长期饮酒或饮酒过量人群的具有解酒护肝功能的功能性工程米及其制备方法。其包括糙米粉、大豆分离蛋白、葛根提取物、玉米低聚肽、紫薯粉、山楂提取物六种原料，通过预混料，采用双螺杆挤压机进行高温高压组织化处理成型，再通过烘干除尘包装而成。其杂粮成分具有平衡膳食保证食用人群营养摄入的作用，玉米低聚肽及葛根提取物等功能因子则发挥了增强体内乙醇代谢，减少肝损伤的解酒护肝的功能。
Description
技术领域
一种具有解酒护肝功能工程米及其制备方法。
背景技术
肝脏是身体内以代谢功能为主的一个器官，并在身体里面扮演着去氧化，储存肝糖，分泌性蛋白质的合成等等，同时兼具制造消化系统中胆汁的功能。肝病是因多种原因引起的发生在肝脏的病变。一直以来肝病都是危害人类健康的一大杀手，直至今日一旦染患肝癌、肝硬化，即使最为先进的医疗手段也难以将人从死亡线上挽救过来。引起肝病的原因比较复杂，根据肝病的病因和临床上的一些表现，一般将肝病分为：病毒性肝炎，如甲肝、乙肝等；酒精性肝病，如脂肪肝、酒精性肝炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化和肝细胞癌等。人体摄入的乙醇90%到95%都是通过肝脏代谢的。乙醇进入肝细胞后，经肝乙醇脱氢酶、过氧化氢物分解酶和肝微粒体乙醇氧化酶氧化，形成乙醛。乙醛对肝细胞有明显的毒副作用，使其代谢发生阻碍，导致肝细胞的变性和坏死，饮酒量和频率决定肝损害的程度。据估计，全世界约有1500万-2000万人酗酒，这些人中有10%-20%（150万-400万）有不同程度的酒精性肝病。酒精性肝病早期可无任何症状，但此时肝脏内部组织已发生了病理改变。随着社会生活的不断发展，人们生活节奏的加快，酒精性肝病也越来越年轻化，大众化。周围很多人都在谈论脂肪肝，这种被称为“富贵病”的病已经慢慢走进寻常人家，严重威胁国人的健康，成为仅次于病毒性肝炎的第二大肝病，已经被公认为隐蔽性肝硬化的常见原因，同时，脂肪肝可以加重肝脏的原有的病变，容易诱发或者加重高血压、冠心病、动脉粥样硬化等疾病，甚至引起肝癌的发生。人们在日常生活中要更多关注其饮食，不良的饮食习惯往往是引发脂肪肝的罪魁祸首。
近年来，解酒丸、解酒糖、嚼片以及口服液等解酒饮品、食品纷纷研制成功。不过，目前此类产品多数效果不明显，且成本较高，价格昂贵，属于高档消费品，存在一定的市场局限性。经过多年深入研究，一种成本更低、更为健康的解酒良方脱颖而出，即玉米低聚肽食品。人体中肝脏的乙醇是通过乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶的作用被代谢分解的，乙醇 90%以上被肝脏吸收，玉米低聚肽能够促进体内醇脱氢酶的代谢途径的生化反应，从而降低血液中乙醇的浓度。这种新型解酒剂将玉米胚粕经碱性蛋白酶水解、再经过滤，配以适当的氨基酸、维生素等辅料制成，能够有效发挥解酒护肝的作用。研究表明，通过对脑卒中倾向的自发性高血压大鼠先后灌食玉米肽和乙醇，比较对照样本，发现血液中乙醇及其氧化产物乙醛的含量都明显降低。在人体实验中也得到同样的结果，血液中乙醇含量相对显著降低，同时血浆里的Ala、Leu、Pro含量则大幅提高，并且维持高水平达2小时。玉米肽通过提高血液中的丙氨酸和亮氨酸的浓度，产生稳定的NAD+，对酒精代谢有积极的作用。
发明内容
本发明目的在于发明并生产一种能够增强体内乙醇代谢，减少肝损伤，恢复肝活力，具有解酒护肝功能的功能性工程米。
本发明的另一目的是发明一种生产能够增强体内乙醇代谢，减少肝损伤，恢复肝活力，具有解酒护肝功能的功能性工程米的制备方法。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现。
一种具有解酒护肝功能工程米，由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成：
计量单位为：kg
糙米粉70-85，大豆分离蛋白5-25，葛根提取物0.01-5，玉米低聚肽0.5-5，紫薯粉2-10，山楂提取物1-9 。
本发明中糙米粉：由糙米粉碎获得，糙米是稻米经过加工后所产的一种米，去壳后仍保留存些许外层组织，如皮层、糊粉层和胚芽。上述的外层组织内含丰富的营养，比起白米更富有许多维他命、矿物质与膳食纤维。糙米中米糠和胚芽部分含有丰富的维生素B和维生素E，能提高人体免疫功能，促进血液循环。此外，糙米中钾、镁、锌、铁、锰等微量元素含量较高，有利于预防心血管疾病和贫血症。糙米具有连接和分解农药等放射性物质的功效，从而有效的防止了体内吸收有害物质，达到了保肝护肝的作用。
大豆分离蛋白：蛋白质含量在90%以上，氨基酸种类有近20种，并含有人体必需氨基酸。其营养丰富，不含胆固醇。另外，大豆分离蛋白粉去除了大豆中原有的营养抑制因子胰蛋白酶抑制剂，无消化不良、胃胀气等不适反应。
葛根提取物：来源于豆科植物野葛的干燥根。葛根除含有丰富的碳水化合物以及人体必需的氨基酸和矿物元素等营养成分之外，还含有异黄酮类化合物以及少量的黄酮类物质。其中，黄豆苷原、黄豆苷、葛根素是葛根的主要活性成分，尤以葛根素含量最高。具有扩张血管，改善血液循环；降低心肌耗氧量，抑制癌细胞；增加冠脉流量，调整血液微循环。葛根提取物具有提高肝细胞的再生能力，恢复正常肝脏机能，促进胆汁分泌，防止脂肪在肝脏堆积，促进新陈代谢，加强肝脏解毒功能，防止酒精对肝脏的损伤。
玉米低聚肽：玉米低聚肽是从天然食品——玉米中提取的蛋白质，再经过定向酶切及特定小肽分离技术获得的小分子多肽物质。含有人体必须的各种氨基酸，提供氨基酸及肽能营养，并具有抑制血管紧张素转换酶的作用，从而降低血压，其它的小肽具有抗疲劳、保肝、提高机体免疫力等功能。玉米肽能抑制胃对酒精的吸收，增加体内乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶的活性，促进酒精在体内的代谢和排出。
紫薯粉：紫薯中含有丰富的蛋白质，18种易被人体消化和吸收的氨基酸，维生素C、B、A等8种维生素和磷、铁等10多种天然矿物质元素，其中铁和硒含量丰富。花青素对100多种疾病有预防和治疗作用，是目前科学界发现的防治疾病、维护人类健康最直接、最有效、最安全的自由基清除剂，其清除自由基的能力是维生素C的20倍、维生素E的50倍，具有预防高血压、减轻肝机能障碍等功能，还有很好的抗癌功能。动物实验表明花青素能显著抑制急性肝损伤鼠血清中谷氨酸、草醋酸转氨酶(GOT)、谷氨酸一焦葡萄糖酸转氨酶(GTP)的上升，且对血清和肝脏中硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)反应物及氧化脂蛋白的增加有一定的抑制作用。
山楂提取物：为蔷薇科山楂属植物山里红或山楂的干燥成熟果实提取而成,味酸、甘微温，入脾胃、肝经。山楂有增加心肌收缩力，增加心输出量，减慢心律的作用，其总黄酮有增加冠脉血流量，降低心肌耗氧量和心肌氧利用率的作用，对心肌营养性血流量有一定的增加作用，有预防或减轻异丙肾上腺素引起心肌缺血或坏死作用。山楂入胃后，能增强酶的作用，促进肉食消化，有助于胆固醇转化，它含有熊果酸，能降低动物脂肪在血管壁的沉积，可消食去脂，是很好的保肝食品。
本发明中具有解酒护肝功能的功能性工程米生产工艺流程为：按配方要求量取各原料，将糙米粉、大豆分离蛋白、葛根提取物、玉米低聚肽、紫薯粉、山楂提取物混合均匀，获得原料A备用。采用双螺杆挤压机对原料A进行高温高压组织化成型，生产过程控制参数包括：喂料速度200-300kg/h，挤压温度80-190℃，含水量10-34%，旋切转速400-650Rpm，获得产品B。通过冷风控水处理产品B后，再通过进一步的烘干除尘包装等步骤获得最终产品C。
本发明主要原材料以杂粮为主，绿色纯净且营养均衡，能够保证食用者的营养需求；附加功能性成分也以天然原料或天然原料提取物为主，安全可靠且功效显著。首先，本发明优选糙米粉和大豆分离蛋白为基料，即提供了必须的能量物质，如碳水化合物、蛋白质等，保证食用者基本的能量摄入，又富含多种营养因子，如维生素、矿物质等，其中不乏对解酒护肝很有助益的功效成分，对于本发明功能性的体现起到了辅助的作用。更重要的是，即本发明的关键点及创新之处在于：复合添加了葛根提取物、玉米低聚肽、紫薯粉和山楂提取物这四种成分，能抑制胃对酒精的吸收，增加体内乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶的活性，增强肝脏解毒功能，促进酒精在体内的代谢和排出，以及提高肝细胞的再生能力，恢复正常肝脏机能，促进胆汁分泌，促进食物消化，防止脂肪在肝脏堆积，起到解酒护肝的作用。本发明还包括产品的成型工艺，对螺杆挤压机的喂料速度、挤压温度、物料含水量、旋切转速几项工艺参数进行了优化，并最终生产出了能够增强体内乙醇代谢，减少肝损伤，恢复肝活力，具有解酒护肝功能的功能性工程米。
具体实施方式。
以下采用具体实例说明本发明一种具有解酒护肝功能的功能性工程米及其制备方法。
实施例1
计量单位为kg
糙米粉70，大豆分离蛋白25，葛根提取物1，玉米低聚肽1，紫薯粉2，山楂提取物1 。
本发明一种能够增强体内乙醇代谢，减少肝损伤，恢复肝活力，具有解酒护肝功能的功能性工程米的制备方法，包括以下步骤。
a、按配方要求量取各原料，将糙米粉、大豆分离蛋白、葛根提取物、玉米低聚肽、紫薯粉、山楂提取物混合均匀，获得原料A备用。
b、采用双螺杆挤压机对原料A进行高温高压组织化成型，生产过程控制参数包括：喂料速度200kg/h，挤压温度80℃，含水量10%，旋切转速400Rpm，获得产品B。
c、通过冷风控水处理产品B后，再通过进一步的烘干除尘包装等步骤获得最终产品C。
实施例2
计量单位为kg
糙米粉80，大豆分离蛋白10，葛根提取物0.01，玉米低聚肽5，紫薯粉3，山楂提取物2 。
本发明一种能够增强体内乙醇代谢，减少肝损伤，恢复肝活力，具有解酒护肝功能的功能性工程米的制备方法，包括以下步骤。
a、按配方要求量取各原料，将糙米粉、大豆分离蛋白、葛根提取物、玉米低聚肽、紫薯粉、山楂提取物混合均匀，获得原料A备用。
b、采用双螺杆挤压机对原料A进行高温高压组织化成型，生产过程控制参数包括：喂料速度250kg/h，挤压温度120℃，含水量18%，旋切转速480Rpm，获得产品B。
c、通过冷风控水处理产品B后，再通过进一步的烘干除尘包装等步骤获得最终产品C。
实施例3
计量单位为kg
糙米粉75，大豆分离蛋白5，葛根提取物1，玉米低聚肽0.5，紫薯粉10，山楂提取物9 。
本发明一种能够增强体内乙醇代谢，减少肝损伤，恢复肝活力，具有解酒护肝功能的功能性工程米的制备方法，包括以下步骤。
a、按配方要求量取各原料，将糙米粉、大豆分离蛋白、葛根提取物、玉米低聚肽、紫薯粉、山楂提取物混合均匀，获得原料A备用。
b、采用双螺杆挤压机对原料A进行高温高压组织化成型，生产过程控制参数包括：喂料速度280kg/h，挤压温度140℃，含水量25%，旋切转速520Rpm，获得产品B。
c、通过冷风控水处理产品B后，再通过进一步的烘干除尘包装等步骤获得最终产品C。
实施例4
计量单位为kg
糙米粉85，大豆分离蛋白6.5，葛根提取物5，玉米低聚肽0.5，紫薯粉2，山楂提取物1 。
本发明一种一种能够增强体内乙醇代谢，减少肝损伤，恢复肝活力，具有解酒护肝功能的功能性工程米的制备方法，包括以下步骤。
a、按配方要求量取各原料，将糙米粉、大豆分离蛋白、葛根提取物、玉米低聚肽、紫薯粉、山楂提取物、混合均匀，获得原料A备用。
b、采用双螺杆挤压机对原料A进行高温高压组织化成型，生产过程控制参数包括：喂料速度300kg/h，挤压温度190℃，含水量34%，旋切转速650Rpm，获得产品B。
c、通过冷风控水处理产品B后，再通过进一步的烘干除尘包装等步骤获得最终产品C。
Claims (2)
1.一种具有解酒护肝功能工程米，其特征在于，由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成：糙米粉70-85，大豆分离蛋白5-25，葛根提取物0.01-5，玉米低聚肽0.5-5，紫薯粉2-10，山楂提取物1-9 。
2.根据权利1所述的一种具有解酒护肝功能工程米的制备方法，其特征在于，由经过以下步骤加工而成：a、按配方要求量取各原料，将糙米粉、大豆分离蛋白、葛根提取物、玉米低聚肽、紫薯粉、山楂提取物混合均匀，获得原料A备用；b、采用双螺杆挤压机对原料A进行高温高压组织化成型，生产过程控制参数包括：喂料速度200-300kg/h，挤压温度80-190℃，含水量10-34%，旋切转速400-650Rpm，获得产品B；c、通过冷风控水处理产品B后，再通过进一步的烘干除尘包装等步骤获得最终产品C。
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| JP2015509290A JP5957600B2 (ja) | 2012-05-02 | 2013-04-26 | 酔い覚ましおよび肝臓保護の機能を有するエンジニアードライス、並びにその製造方法 |
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| CN107373375A (zh) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-24 | 东北农业大学 | 一种抗氧化工程再造米的制备方法 |
| CN109287951A (zh) * | 2018-10-27 | 2019-02-01 | 湖北民族学院 | 一种含有赶黄草的解酒煮粥米 |
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| JP7320270B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-16 | 2023-08-03 | 株式会社東洋新薬 | 肝機能改善剤 |
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