CN108272073A - 一种减肥代餐粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- CN108272073A CN108272073A CN201711489176.8A CN201711489176A CN108272073A CN 108272073 A CN108272073 A CN 108272073A CN 201711489176 A CN201711489176 A CN 201711489176A CN 108272073 A CN108272073 A CN 108272073A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种减肥代餐粉及其制备方法,该减肥代餐粉按重量份数计,包括白芸豆提取物0.1‑0.5份、L‑阿拉伯糖3‑5份、薏苡仁10‑15份、黑米10‑15份、燕麦10‑15份、小米10‑15份、藜麦5‑10份、奇亚籽5‑10份、亚麻籽5‑10份、小麦胚芽粉12‑14份、黑豆15‑20份、菊粉10‑15份、大豆磷脂1‑5份、荷叶提取物3‑5份、竹叶黄酮5‑8份、低聚异麦芽糖25‑30份。其先粉碎部分原料,再湿润并膨化,再粉碎并过筛,最后混合其余原料即得成品。该减肥代餐粉无毒副作用,能有效地抑制糖类的吸收和转化,从而减肥效果显著,同时其营养搭配合理,功能成分均衡;该制备方法简单方便,易于操作。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品生产领域,具体涉及一种减肥代餐粉及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着现今经济的发展,人们生活水平的提高,物质条件极大的丰富着我们的生活,尤其是各类衍生了高糖高热量的食物,同时因为当代人对营养的不合理摄入再加上体力劳动和运动量的减少,全球肥胖症的发生率呈逐年上升趋势。现今,世界卫生组织已经将肥胖定义为一种疾病,而不是简单的体重过重了,肥胖是体内脂肪,尤其是甘油三酯积聚过多而导致的一种状态,是一种多因素造成的慢性代谢疾病。许多研究发现,肥胖与心血管疾病、糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常等多种疾病密切相关,并且肥胖的程度与病死率亦密切相关,因此,肥胖不仅影响形体美,更会对人类健康造成巨大威胁。肥胖的发病机制有很多因素,对于大多数肥胖者来说,一般都是由于能量摄入过多而消耗不足引起的,其中不良的饮食习惯以及生活方式是导致肥胖的常见因素。
近年来,人们对于肥胖及其衍生的疾病越来越重视,并随着科学技术的发展,已经从根本上对肥胖症的诊疗有了较大的发展。而现今的减肥保健食品也遵循其原理进行了适当的调整,即通过保健食品从根本上抑制能量的摄入,但这样也存在一定的缺陷,即现今的保健食品一般只能抑制全部物质能量的吸收和控制营养的摄入,而不能有选择性去减少糖分和脂类吸收,这样较易是服用者产生厌食、腹泻等不良反应,对身体造成伤害。由此,克服现有技术中存在的上述缺陷,提供一种无毒副作用,同时减肥效果又比较显著的保健食品已成为业内亟待改善的方向。
现今,关于抑制食物中对糖分的吸收,研究较为前沿便是白芸豆提取物和L-阿拉伯糖了,其分别具有一定的抑制糖类分解酶活性的效果,其中,L-阿拉伯糖具有良好的生理活性与功能,美国食品药品监督局(FDA)将L-阿拉伯糖列入抗肥胖的营养补充剂和非处方药;日本厚生省将其列入专用特殊保健食品添加剂,用于调节血糖;我国卫生部于2008年批准L-阿拉伯糖作为新资源食品,L-阿拉伯糖具有的生理功能为:(1)抑制蔗糖的代谢与吸收,控制血糖升高:天然存在的阿拉伯糖为L型,它在动物体内不能被代谢,有甜味但是无热量,它能以非竞争方式抑制肠道内蔗糖酶,从而抑制蔗糖在小肠内的吸收,在蔗糖中添加2%-3%的L-阿拉伯糖就可以使蔗糖在小肠的消化减少约60%,使血糖平稳,并使胰岛素和甘油三酯在血液内的量减少;(2)抑制脂肪生成:L-阿拉伯糖能阻碍蔗糖消化吸收,使机体获得的能量减少,从而有利于控制体重,因此,它作为一种甜料与食品添加剂具有很大的益处,能够用以减肥和控制血糖,预防糖尿病等。
白芸豆提取物是由白芸豆提取而成,白芸豆提取物中具有减肥活性的主要成分为α-淀粉酶抑制剂,α-淀粉酶抑制剂是一种天然的生物活性物质,属于糖苷水解酶抑制剂,存在于微生物的代谢产物和植物种子的胚乳中,其对哺乳动物唾液淀粉酶和胰淀粉酶以及昆虫消化道存在的淀粉酶具有特殊的抑制活性作用,被称为“淀粉阻断者”,它能通过抑制唾液淀粉酶及胰α-淀粉酶的活性,阻碍食物中淀粉和其他碳水化合物在肠道内的消化,从而降低机体对糖的摄取和吸收,同时,其还能不影响蛋白质、维生素等其它营养物质的吸收和代谢,能有效降低血糖含量,减少脂肪的合成,具有起到降糖、预防肥胖及减肥的作用,临床上常用于对糖尿病、高血糖、高血脂等症的防治。
此外,关于营养物的消化和吸收,这是一个系统性的过程,其间还涉及到许多物质,同时,我们日常生活中的许多食品或者添加剂也能对其产生不同的影响。
大豆磷脂是从生产大豆油的油脚中提取的产物,是由甘油、脂肪酸、胆碱或胆胺所组成的酯,能溶于油脂及非极性溶剂,其不仅具有较强的乳化、润湿、分散作用,还在促进体内脂肪代谢、肌肉生长、神经系统发育和体内抗氧化损伤等方面发挥很重要的作用。
菊粉是植物中储备性多糖,主要来源于植物,可以控制血脂、降低血糖、促进矿物质吸收,调节肠道微生物菌群、改善肠道健康、防止便秘,抑制有毒发酵产物的生成、保护肝脏、预防结肠癌,提高内容物的黏度、降低食物从胃进入小肠的速度、从而降低饥饿感、减少食物的摄食量,菊粉中还含有少量的低聚果糖,研究表明,低聚果糖可使大脑神经细胞营养因子表达升高,对皮质酮诱导的神经元损作有很好的保护作用,具有良好的抗抑郁作用,保证减肥的效果。
燕麦为禾本科植物,《本草纲目》中称之为雀麦、野麦子,燕麦不易脱皮,所以被称为皮燕麦,是一种低糖、高营养、高能食品,燕麦性味甘平,能益脾养心、敛汗,有较高的营养价值,可用于体虚自汗、盗汗或肺结核病人。
小麦胚芽粉是从小麦粒中萃取的精华,是一种高蛋白、高维生素E、低热、低脂、低胆固醇的营养品,含有维生素B族、维生素D、不饱和脂肪酸、核酸、叶酸、二十八烷醇和钙、铁、锌、硒等10余种矿物质等,是非常理想的微量金属元素的供给源,是“天然维生素E的仓库”。
黑豆为豆科植物大豆的黑色种子,黑豆蛋白质含量为36%,易于消化,对满足人体对蛋白质的需要具有重要意义,其脂肪含量为16%,主要含不饱和脂肪酸,吸收率高达95%,除满足人体对脂肪的需要外,还有降低血液中胆固醇的作用,黑豆含有丰富的维生素、蛋黄素、黑色素及卵磷脂等物质,其中B族维生素和维生素E含量很高,具有营养保健作用,黑豆中还含有丰富的微量元素,对保持机体功能完整,延缓机体衰老、降低血液粘度、满足大脑对微量物质需求都是必不可少的。
薏苡仁是禾本科植物薏苡的干燥成熟种仁,其具有利水渗湿、健脾止泻、除痹、排脓、解毒散结的功效,用于水肿、脚气、小便不利、湿痹拘挛、脾虚泄泻、肺痈、肠痈、癌肿、赘疣,性味甘、淡,凉,归脾、胃、肺经。
黑米是黑稻加工产品,属于籼米或者粳米,黑米富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、B族维生素、维生素E、钙、磷、钾、镁、铁、锌等营养元素,营养丰富,具有清除自由基、改善缺铁性贫血、抗应激反应以及免疫调节等多种生理功能,其中的黄酮类化合物能维持血管正常渗透压,减轻血管脆性,防止血管破裂和止血,具有抗菌、降低血压、抑制癌细胞生长的功效,还具有改善心肌营养,降低心肌耗氧量等功效。
小米亦称粟米,古代叫禾,其营养价值很高,含蛋白质9.2%-14.7%、脂肪3.0%-4.6%及维生素,每100克小米含蛋白质9.7克,脂肪1.7克,碳水化合物76.1克,一般粮食中不含有的胡萝卜素,小米每100克含量达0.12毫克,维生素B1的含量位居所有粮食之首,它保存了许多的维生素和无机盐,小米中的维生素B1可达大米的几倍,除了丰富的铁质外,他还富含复合维他命B、钙质、钾、纤维等。
藜麦是全谷全营养完全蛋白碱性食物,胚乳占种子的68%,且具有营养活性,蛋白质含量高达16%-22%,品质与奶粉及肉类相当,富含多种氨基酸,其中有人体必需的全部9种必需氨基酸,比例适当且易于吸收,尤其富含植物中缺乏的赖氨酸,以及钙、镁、磷、钾、铁、锌、硒、锰、铜等矿物质营养,富含不饱和脂肪酸、类黄酮、B族维生素和维生素E、胆碱、甜菜碱、叶酸、α-亚麻酸、β-葡聚糖等多种有益化合物,膳食纤维素含量高达7.1%,胆固醇为0,不含麸质,低脂,低热量(305kcal/100g),低升糖(GI升糖值35,低升糖标准为55)。
奇亚籽是薄荷类植物芡欧鼠尾草的种子,奇亚籽在浸泡后食用可以起到代餐减肥、持续供能、润肠通便的作用,补充膳食纤维、B族维生素、钙、磷、钾、铁和omega-3等多种营养,还含有DHA、蛋白酶抑制剂、绿原酸、咖啡酸、杨梅黄酮、橡黄素、堪非黄酮醇、维生素C、维生素E、β-胡萝卜素等十余种天然抗氧化剂。
亚麻籽是一年生草本植物亚麻的种子,亚麻籽不含胆固醇,富含纤维和Ω3脂肪酸,Ω3脂肪酸含有有助于预防心脏病和其他慢性病的营养成分,可消耗身体多余脂肪。
低聚异麦芽糖是人体肠道内有益健康的双歧杆菌的繁殖因子,能促进有益菌群在肠繁殖,双歧杆菌是最主要的有益菌,它能抑制人体肠道内有害菌的繁殖及有害物质的产生,防止便秘,增强免疫力,降低血脂和胆固醇等方面的功效,可用来代替部分蔗糖,降低食品甜度与改善其味质,耐热、耐酸性极佳,对各类食品的湿润及品质的维持具有较好的效果,同时还能抑制蔗糖和葡萄糖的结晶形成,对稍存放即硬化的食品能防止其淀粉老化,从而延长保存时间。
荷叶提取物又称荷叶碱,其具有清热解暑、升发清阳、凉血止血的功效,可用于暑热烦渴、暑湿泄泻,脾虚,便血崩漏,荷叶具有利尿通便、通肠毒、降脂除油、清暑解热等作用,能明显降低血清中甘油三醇和胆固醇含量,具有调节血脂的保健作用,采用荷叶减肥不需要刻意节食,对人体无任何副作用。
竹叶黄酮是从竹叶中提取出来的具有生理活性的生物黄酮,它是一种高效的生物抗氧化剂,是人体必需的营养素,当人体缺乏时,容易导致大脑和心脏功能不全,血管硬化等疾病的产生。
发明内容
(1)要解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足,本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种减肥代餐粉及其制备方法,该减肥代餐粉无毒副作用,能有效地抑制糖类的吸收和转化,从而减肥效果显著,同时其营养搭配合理,功能成分均衡;该制备方法简单方便,易于操作。
(2)技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了这样一种减肥代餐粉,按重量份数计,包括以下成分:白芸豆提取物0.1-0.5份、L-阿拉伯糖3-5份、薏苡仁10-15份、黑米10-15份、燕麦10-15份、小米10-15份、藜麦5-10份、奇亚籽5-10份、亚麻籽5-10份、小麦胚芽粉12-14份、黑豆15-20份、菊粉10-15份、大豆磷脂1-5份、荷叶提取物3-5份、竹叶黄酮5-8份、低聚异麦芽糖25-30份。
优选地,上述减肥代餐粉,按重量份数计,包括以下成分:白芸豆提取物0.3份、L-阿拉伯糖4份、薏苡仁13份、黑米13份、燕麦13份、小米13份、藜麦7份、奇亚籽7份、亚麻籽7份、小麦胚芽粉13份、黑豆17份、菊粉13份、大豆磷脂3份、荷叶提取物4份、竹叶黄酮7份、低聚异麦芽糖27份。
本发明还提供了上述减肥代餐粉的制备方法,具体步骤为:按原料配比分别取薏苡仁、黑米、燕麦、小米、藜麦、奇亚籽、亚麻籽和黑豆并混合均匀,再将其进行粉碎,加水湿润并用膨化机进行膨化,再将其进行粉碎,并过80目筛,再按原料配比分别取白芸豆提取物、L-阿拉伯糖、小麦胚芽粉、菊粉、大豆磷脂、荷叶提取物、竹叶黄酮和低聚异麦芽糖并混合均匀,得到减肥代餐粉成品。
(3)有益效果
本发明的减肥代餐粉与现有的减肥代餐物相比,通过科学合理的均衡配比,利用各成分之间互相的功能搭配与补充,使其中的各种原料进行整合,在充分发挥各种原料相应特性的同时,又凸现了本发明减肥代餐粉的减肥效果;而且,本发明的减肥代餐粉通过合理的营养搭配,添加了各种人体必须的营养成分,使减肥者通过使用本发明减肥代餐粉,而尽量少食用主食的情况,还能均衡地补充各种成分,非常适用于正常生活中减肥代餐的使用,并且,通过粉碎并过筛将其加工成粉状,得到该减肥代餐粉,其可以通过开水冲食,这样食用起来方便快捷,非常有益于产品的使用;同时,本发明的减肥代餐粉无毒副作用,能在完全不影响人体正常机能的前提下,有效地抑制糖类的吸收和转化,从而减肥效果显著。另外,本发明针对该减肥代餐粉的制备方法制备方法、易于操作,十分利于工业化推广。
本发明减肥代餐粉的配方中,L-阿拉伯糖能有效抑制蔗糖酶的活性,从而减少食物中蔗糖在人体消化道内的消化和吸收,降低对食物中糖分的摄取;白芸豆提取物能有效抑制淀粉酶的活性,从而减少食物中淀粉在人体消化道内的消化与吸收,降低对食物中糖分的摄取,两者协同作用,复合配比共同促进,充分发挥各自对不同酶的抑制优势,从而更好地减少了机体从食物中能量的摄取,抑制了人体对多余热量的吸收,防止过多能量转化成为脂肪,起到更好的减肥降脂的效果。同时,L-阿拉伯糖和白芸豆提取物都不影响蛋白质和维生素等其他营养物质的吸收,再经过本发明优化的复合配比,使其在减肥功能上的优势得到了充分的发挥,达到减肥降脂的目的。
不仅如此,本发明还将各种不同作用和原理的成分巧妙的组合在一起,使它们以不同的方式协同作用,不仅达到减肥的功能,同时还具有保健护体的功效。本发明减肥代餐粉利用上述白芸豆提取物和L-阿拉伯糖的特性,一方面达到减肥的作用,又通过将薏苡仁、黑米、燕麦、小米、藜麦、奇亚籽、亚麻籽、小麦胚芽粉、黑豆、菊粉、大豆磷脂、荷叶提取物、竹叶黄酮和低聚异麦芽糖粉碎进行整体混合配合的方式,使所有成分充分融合,通过这些分别具有各种降解保健功效的成分,并通过严密分解提炼,得到能充分发挥各种成分特点的配比比例,同时又能相互促进,从而起到事半功倍的作用,使其在达到减肥效果的同时,还能均衡地补充各种必须的身体成分,非常适用于正常生活中减肥代餐的使用。
总体而言,该减肥代餐粉无毒副作用,能有效地抑制糖类的吸收和转化,从而减肥效果显著,同时其营养搭配合理,功能成分均衡;该制备方法简单方便,易于操作。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,以进一步阐述本发明,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
在具体实施过程中,各种原料成分都可以直接采购,白芸豆提取物也不例外,其在市场上有许多在售的品牌,其成分一致,其提取方法也有很多,而在本实施方式中,我们对白芸豆进行水提取,其步骤为:取白芸豆和水按体积比为1:3-5进行浸泡,浸泡后先进行磨浆,再过均质机进行均质,使其破碎,再离心并过滤,取上清液低温真空浓缩后再冷冻干燥,即得到白芸豆提取物。本白芸豆的水提取方案,没有溶剂残留,健康安全。
实施例1
本批次减肥代餐粉的制造过程具体为:按重量份数计的原料配比,分别取薏苡仁10份、黑米10份、燕麦10份、小米10份、藜麦10份、奇亚籽10份、亚麻籽10份和黑豆20份并混合均匀,再将其进行粉碎,加水湿润并用膨化机进行膨化,再将其进行粉碎,并过80目筛,再按重量份数计的原料配比分别取白芸豆提取物0.1份、L-阿拉伯糖3份、小麦胚芽粉12份、菊粉10份、大豆磷脂5份、荷叶提取物5份、竹叶黄酮8份和低聚异麦芽糖30份并混合均匀,得到减肥代餐粉成品。
通过上述制造过程得到减肥代餐粉的样品1。
实施例2
本批次减肥代餐粉的制造过程具体为:按重量份数计的原料配比,分别取薏苡仁13份、黑米13份、燕麦13份、小米13份、藜麦7份、奇亚籽7份、亚麻籽7份和黑豆17份并混合均匀,再将其进行粉碎,加水湿润并用膨化机进行膨化,再将其进行粉碎,并过80目筛,再按重量份数计的原料配比分别取白芸豆提取物0.3份、L-阿拉伯糖4份、小麦胚芽粉13份、菊粉13份、大豆磷脂3份、荷叶提取物4份、竹叶黄酮7份和低聚异麦芽糖27份并混合均匀,得到减肥代餐粉成品。
通过上述制造过程得到减肥代餐粉的样品2。
实施例3
本批次减肥代餐粉的制造过程具体为:按重量份数计的原料配比,分别取薏苡仁15份、黑米15份、燕麦15份、小米15份、藜麦5份、奇亚籽5份、亚麻籽5份和黑豆15份并混合均匀,再将其进行粉碎,加水湿润并用膨化机进行膨化,再将其进行粉碎,并过80目筛,再按重量份数计的原料配比分别取白芸豆提取物0.5份、L-阿拉伯糖5份、小麦胚芽粉14份、菊粉15份、大豆磷脂1份、荷叶提取物3份、竹叶黄酮5份和低聚异麦芽糖25份并混合均匀,得到减肥代餐粉成品。
通过上述制造过程得到减肥代餐粉的样品3。
试验对比及结果:
针对上述的样品1、样品2和样品3,分别各通过六名具有一定肥胖症的试验者进行试验,每组分别是三男三女,在四个星期的时间内使用本产品,并根据自身的身体状况,在午餐和晚餐时尽量缩减其对主食的摄入,检测试验者在这段时间内体重和血糖的指标的变化。
对于样品1,六名试验者的平均年龄为31.7岁,通过连续四个星期的使用,试验者体重和血糖指标变化的平均值如下。
项目 | 食用前 | 食用后 | 参考范围 | 指标变化 |
血糖(mmol/L) | 6.0 | 4.9 | 3.9-6.1 | 1.1 |
体重(kg) | 97 | 91 | -- | 6 |
由此可以看出,样品1具有显著的控制使用者体重并稳定血糖的作用,适用于肥胖症患者使用。
对于样品2,六名试验者的平均年龄为29.8岁,通过连续四个星期的使用,试验者体重和血糖指标变化的平均值如下。
项目 | 食用前 | 食用后 | 参考范围 | 指标变化 |
血糖(mmol/L) | 6.3 | 4.7 | 3.9-6.1 | 1.4 |
体重(kg) | 101 | 90 | -- | 11 |
由此可以看出,样品2具有显著的控制使用者体重并稳定血糖的作用,适用于肥胖症患者使用。
对于样品3,六名试验者的平均年龄为32.3岁,通过连续四个星期的使用,试验者体重和血糖指标变化的平均值如下。
项目 | 食用前 | 食用后 | 参考范围 | 指标变化 |
血糖(mmol/L) | 5.5 | 4.3 | 3.9-6.1 | 1.2 |
体重(kg) | 94 | 86 | -- | 8 |
由此可以看出,样品3具有显著的控制使用者体重并稳定血糖的作用,适用于肥胖症患者使用。
以上描述了本发明的主要技术特征和基本原理及相关优点,对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的构思或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (3)
1.一种减肥代餐粉,其特征在于,按重量份数计,包括以下成分:白芸豆提取物0.1-0.5份、L-阿拉伯糖3-5份、薏苡仁10-15份、黑米10-15份、燕麦10-15份、小米10-15份、藜麦5-10份、奇亚籽5-10份、亚麻籽5-10份、小麦胚芽粉12-14份、黑豆15-20份、菊粉10-15份、大豆磷脂1-5份、荷叶提取物3-5份、竹叶黄酮5-8份、低聚异麦芽糖25-30份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的减肥代餐粉,其特征在于,按重量份数计,包括以下成分:白芸豆提取物0.3份、L-阿拉伯糖4份、薏苡仁13份、黑米13份、燕麦13份、小米13份、藜麦7份、奇亚籽7份、亚麻籽7份、小麦胚芽粉13份、黑豆17份、菊粉13份、大豆磷脂3份、荷叶提取物4份、竹叶黄酮7份、低聚异麦芽糖27份。
3.一种制备如权利要求1或2任一项所述的减肥代餐粉的方法,其特征在于,具体步骤为:按原料配比分别取薏苡仁、黑米、燕麦、小米、藜麦、奇亚籽、亚麻籽和黑豆并混合均匀,再将其进行粉碎,加水湿润并用膨化机进行膨化,再将其进行粉碎,并过80目筛,再按原料配比分别取白芸豆提取物、L-阿拉伯糖、小麦胚芽粉、菊粉、大豆磷脂、荷叶提取物、竹叶黄酮和低聚异麦芽糖并混合均匀,得到减肥代餐粉成品。
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