CN107752009A - 一种保健食品 - Google Patents
一种保健食品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107752009A CN107752009A CN201711040042.8A CN201711040042A CN107752009A CN 107752009 A CN107752009 A CN 107752009A CN 201711040042 A CN201711040042 A CN 201711040042A CN 107752009 A CN107752009 A CN 107752009A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- health food
- semen sesami
- sesami nigrum
- buckwheat
- oat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L25/00—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
本发明属于保健食品加工领域，具体公开了一种保健食品，其特征是由以下原料的重量比例组成，采用干品黑芝麻、薏苡仁、山药、绿豆、葛根、糙米、荞麦、燕麦为原料，配以甜味剂，以黑芝麻：薏苡仁：山药：绿豆：葛根：糙米：荞麦：燕麦：甜味剂为1：1.2：1：1：0.05‑0.1：3：0.5：1.5：0.45‑0.9重量比例组成。本发明制作的保健食品能够解决诸原料成分的配伍应用，达到相互弥补的作用，产品可直接冲饮，为人们强身健体之需提供了一种使用方便的保健型食品，产品冲饮、携带方便，且口味清香甘甜，无不良异味。产品具有良好的经济效益前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品领域，具体涉及一种保健食品。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高，对于有益于健康养生的食品被越来越多的人们接受和青睐。人们工作的快节奏、精神压力大，办公室坐的时间长等因素，降低了胃肠正常功能，导致胃肠蠕动减弱，食欲不振、消化不良，夜间睡眠不好，早晨起床精神不佳，每天都感到很疲劳、情绪不稳定、记忆力下降、腰酸、腿痛、头疼头晕等诸多不健康的早期症状，为了使人们有一个健康快乐、幸福的生活，提升工作效率，提高人们对健康的保健需求，寻求一种能够改善胃肠道消化功能、增加胃肠蠕动、提升胃肠动力、促进消化道吸收的有益保健食品，对解决人们健康的需要十分重要，从食品中获取有益的保健可有效避免或减少用药，开发天然植物保健食品不仅是人们健康生活的需求，同时也较使用化学药品安全可靠。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种保健食品，采用药食同源的天然植物黑芝麻、薏苡仁、山药、绿豆、葛根、糙米、荞麦、燕麦和甜味剂为原料制备成一种保健食品，该食品具有很好的医学上的保健效果，能够使得所用原料经配合进行工厂化加工生产，减少人们熬粥带来的各种不便，同时能够均衡地将各种原料按比例相配合，充分发挥组成原料的有益保健功效，为人们提供一种快捷、方便食用的保健食品。
为了实现本发明，具体采用了以下技术方案：
一种保健食品，其特征是由以下原料的重量比例组成，采用干品黑芝麻、薏苡仁、山药、绿豆、葛根、糙米、荞麦、燕麦为原料，配以甜味剂，以黑芝麻：薏苡仁：山药：绿豆：葛根：糙米：荞麦：燕麦：甜味剂为1：1.2：1：1：0.05-0.1：3：0.5：1.5：0.45-0.9重量比，按以下方法制得：首先将山药采用100℃热风烘烤3小时，取出冷却后粉碎成250-300目粉备用；将黑芝麻置炒锅内炒熟，按黑芝麻重量比加入2倍的纯净水，置于按装有100目筛网的打浆机中进行打浆，制得黑芝麻浆液备用；再将薏苡仁、绿豆、葛根、糙米、荞麦和燕麦分别碾磨成100目粉混合，加入薏苡仁、绿豆、葛根、糙米、荞麦和燕麦总重量10倍的纯净水，搅匀，浸泡2h后，置夹层锅内，隔层蒸汽加热至100℃煮沸30min后，调整蒸汽通入量，控制料温在95-98℃继续煮60min，然后在55-65℃条件下浓缩至稠膏状，将该稠膏状物料与山药粉、黑芝麻浆液和甜味剂进行混合，在50℃-90℃条件下干燥至含水量小于5%，碾碎过80目筛得到粉末状保健食品。
上述所述的甜味剂，可根据不同消费群体制得的产品有选择性的添加甜味剂，如有高血糖、糖尿病的患者不宜选择砂糖等，则可选择山梨糖醇、木糖醇或L-阿拉伯糖。
本发明所述的甜味剂所选择使用砂糖、冰糖、蜂蜜、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖中的任意一种或两种混合物。
上述所述的粉碎为超微粉碎；所述的超微粉碎使用振动超微粉碎机。
上述所述的干燥，采用热风干燥、远红外干燥或微波干燥；优选的干燥条件为55℃-65℃。
黑芝麻，市售商品。黑芝麻为脂麻科脂麻属植物芝麻Sesanum indicum L.的干燥成熟种子。具文献报导黑芝麻其化学成分为种子含脂肪油，油中主要为油酸、亚油酸、软脂酸、硬脂酸、肉豆蔻酸等脂肪酸的甘油酯。此外，尚含有芝麻素、芝麻酚、芝麻林酚素、组氨酸、色氨酸、车前糖及剪秋罗糖、甾醇类。其药理作用为（1）降血糖等作用；大鼠口服种子提取物可降低血糖，增加肝脏及肌肉中的糖原含量；（2）延缓衰老作用；给予黑芝麻的小鼠与对照组比较，衰老现象推迟发生。功能与主治：滋补肝肾，养血润肠，通乳。适用于肝肾不足，头晕目眩，贫血，便秘，乳汁缺乏等。
薏苡仁，又称薏米，是我国古老的药食皆佳的粮种之一。薏米的营养价值很高，其特点是易于消化吸收，作用缓和。薏米不论用于日常保健还是医疗，功效均十分显著，其抗癌效果十分突出，就有“生命健康之禾”的美称。医典溯源，《神农本草经》：味苦，微寒，主治筋急拘挛，不可屈伸，风湿痹，下气。中医认为，薏米具有健脾利湿、清热排脓的功效，可用于脾胃虚弱、肺结核、水肿脚气、风湿痹痛、泄泻、肠痈及小便不利等症。
山药，性味：性平，味甘。草纲目介绍：“益气力，长肌肉，强阳，久服耳目聪明，轻身不饥，延年”。中医认为，山药具有健脾补肺、固肾益精、聪耳明目、助五脏、强筋骨、长志安神、延年益寿等功效。现有文献介绍，山药的脂肪含量几乎为零，含有大量的黏蛋白。黏蛋白的是一种多糖蛋白质，能防止脂肪沉积在心血管壁上，对保持血管弹性、预防动脉粥样硬化有很好的功效。黏蛋白还能促进人体T淋巴细胞增殖，增强免疫功能，延缓细胞衰老。山药中的多种成分有强健机体、滋肾益精的作用，对男子肾亏遗精、妇女带下、小便频多等症有一定的疗效。山药中富含黏蛋白、淀粉酶、皂苷、游离氨基酸、多酚氧化酶等物质，具有滋补作用，为病后康复食补之佳品。为避免在加工中其黏蛋白的流失，故本发明采用烘干粉碎的加工方法，一是充分保障山药的多糖蛋白质的有益成分得到充分利用，同时进行微粉碎使之与其它成分的混合充分、分布性好，增加其物质间的粘合力，也增加其山药有益成分的吸收和利用度。
绿豆，性凉、味甘。《本草纲目》介绍：具“补益之气、调和五脏、安精神，行十二经脉，去浮风，润皮肤，止消渴，利肿胀，解一切草药、牛马、金石诸毒”。中医认为，绿豆具有清热解毒、消暑除烦、止渴健胃、利水消肿等功效，可用于暑热烦渴、湿热泄泻、水肿腹胀、疮疡肿毒、丹毒疖肿、痄腮、豆疹以及食石草木中毒等病症。绿豆是我国的传统豆类食物之一。绿豆含有丰富的蛋白质、维生素和无机盐等营养成分，常食能起到养生保健、预防疾病的作用，是名副其实的“济世 良谷”。绿豆含有多种生物活性物质，如香豆素、生物碱、植物甾醇、皂苷，它们可以使吞噬细胞数量增加，吞噬功能增强，从而使人体的免疫力增强。绿豆中含有植物甾醇，其结构与胆固醇相似，它能与胆固醇竞争酯化酶，减少肠道对胆固醇的吸收。根据有关研究资料显示，绿豆所含的鞣酸能凝固微生物原生质，可产生抗菌活性。另外，绿豆中的黄酮类化合物、植物甾醇等生物活性物质，也有一定的抑菌抗病毒作用。绿豆还有抗癌、降低血脂、预防动脉硬化、抑制局部出血和促进皮肤创面修复的作用。
葛根，是豆科葛属植物野葛和粉葛的块根，已被我国卫生部批准为药食同源的植物资源。葛根中含有铁、钙、磷、铜、钾等十多种人体必需的矿物质，多种氨基酸以及各种维生素。这些成分都对人体健康具有重要意义。此外，葛根中还含有大量的异黄酮类物质，包括葛根素、葛根素木糖苷和大豆黄酮苷等，其干基含量可达0.5mg/g以上。其中黄豆苷苷元是葛根异黄酮类物质的基本骨架，黄豆苷元性质稳定，在胃肠道中几乎不被破坏，因而代谢产物非常有限，而黄豆苷之本身的水溶性较差，人体吸收的量很有限，被吸收的黄豆苷元在体内分布快、范围广、消除也快，因此不易积累中毒，无长期服用后由于累积效应所造成毒副作用。葛根素是葛根总黄酮中含量最丰富的黄酮类化合物，是葛根中主要的活性成分之一，它是一种C-糖苷型化合物。其中葛根素的生理功能主要体现在以下几个方面：扩张冠状动脉，对抗缺氧所致冠状动脉中血液流量减少，改善体内微循环，促进局部微血管中血液流动；降低心肌兴奋性，改善由此造成的心律失常；抑制ADP诱导或者5-HT与ADT共同诱导的血小板凝集。此外，葛根素还有抑制细菌生长、防治骨质疏松、改善妇女更年期症状等功能。
糙米是稻谷脱去外保护皮层稻壳后的颖果，内保护皮层完好的稻籽粒，与普通精致白米相比，糙米维他命、矿物质与膳食纤维的含量更丰富，被视为是一种绿色的健康食品。中医认为糙米味甘、性温，健脾养胃、补中益气，调和五脏、镇静神经、促进消化吸收。现代营养学研究发现，糙米中米糠和胚芽部分的维生素B和维生素E，能提高人体免疫功能，促进血液循环，还能帮助人们消除沮丧烦燥的情绪，使人充满活力。此外，糙米中钾、镁、锌、铁、锰等微量元素，有利于预防心血管疾病和贫血症。它还保留了大量膳食纤维，可促进肠道有益菌增殖，加速肠道蠕动，软化粪便，预防便秘和肠癌；膳食纤维还能与胆汁中胆固醇结合，促进胆固醇的排出，从而帮助高血脂症患者降低血脂。糙米对肥胖和胃肠功能障碍的患者有很好的疗效，能有效的调节体内新陈代谢，内分泌异常等。
荞麦，性凉，味甘。中医认为，荞麦具有宽肠下气，清热解毒、消积开胃、补虚敛汗等功效，荞麦还可以利耳目、降气、健胃，可用于痢疾、咳嗽、喘息、烧伤等。荞麦是所有谷类中最有营养的食物，是公认的“药食两用”的粮食珍品。荞麦在增强体质、清理肠道垃圾方面作用尤其显著，因此被誉为“净肠草”。经常食用，有利于老年人延年益寿、年轻人健体减肥及少年儿童健康发育。具现代研究文献介绍，将黑皮一起研磨的荞麦粉比精制的白色荞麦粉所含芦丁更丰富，用这种100%荞麦粉做成的荞麦面营养更丰富，功效更理想。
燕麦，性平，味甘。中医认为燕麦具有健脾益气、补虚止汗、养胃润肠等功效，适用于肝脾不和所致的食少纳差、大便不畅等症。
燕麦主要有两种，一种是皮燕麦。一种是裸燕麦，俗称油麦，即莜麦。本发明所用燕麦为裸燕麦（即莜麦）。
据中国医学科学院卫生研究所综合分析，中国裸燕麦含粗蛋白质达15.6%，脂肪8.5%，还有淀粉释放热量以及磷、铁、钙等元素，与其它8种粮食相比，均名列前茅。燕麦中水溶性膳食纤维分别是小麦和玉米的4.7倍和7.7倍。燕麦中的B族维生素、尼克酸、叶酸、泛酸都比较丰富，特别是维生素E，每100克燕麦粉中高达15毫克。此外燕麦粉中还含有谷类食粮中均缺少的皂甙(人参的主要成分)。蛋白质的氨基酸组成比较全面，人体必需的8种氨基酸含量的均居首位，尤其是含赖氨酸高达0.68克。燕麦米煮的粥富含镁和维生素B1，也含有磷、钾、铁、泛酸、铜和纤维，可以降低胆固醇，对脂肪肝、糖尿病、便秘等也有辅助疗效。燕麦片可以改善血液循环，促进伤口愈合。
燕麦营养元素 含量（100克），能量 367cal，水 9.2g，蛋白质 15g，脂肪 6.7g，纤维 5.3g，碳水化合物 61.6g，维生素B1 0.3mg，维生素B2 0.13mg，维生素E 3.07mg，烟酸1.2mg，纳 3.7mg，钙 186mg，铁 7mg，胆固醇 0mg。燕麦降低血压、降低胆固醇、防治大肠癌、防治心脏疾病的医疗价值和保健作用，已被古今中外医学界所公认。
2011年7月至10月，历时121天的时间，北京大学医学部专家组在内蒙古包头市展开了一场全胚芽裸燕麦米调理干预Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的科研活动，来自全国15个省市的404位糖尿病患者，有96.5%的糖友餐前餐后血糖、糖化血红蛋白、脂肪肝以及胰岛细胞的修复等身体各项指标均得以改善。全世界首次用一种粮食去干预糖尿病，并取得丰硕成果。对于因肝、肾病变，糖尿病，脂肪肝等引起的继发性高脂血症也有同样明显的疗效。长期食用燕麦米，有利于糖尿病和肥胖病的控制。
文献报导：燕麦所含亚麻油酸是人体最重要的必须脂肪酸，它能维持人体正常的新陈代谢活动，同时又是合成前列腺素的必需成分，对维护人体的性机能有重要作用。
本发明一种保健食品所采用的原料黑芝麻、薏苡仁、山药、绿豆、葛根、糙米、荞麦、燕麦均多属药食同源的天然植物资源，其原料成分具有降脂的显著效果，同时具有良好的保护胃肠功能、加速肠道蠕动、软化粪便清理肠道垃圾具有很好的实用效果。本发明制作的保健食品能够解决诸原料成分的配伍应用，达到相互弥补的作用，其产品可直接冲饮，节省了人们家庭熬粥的麻烦和时间的不足，为人们强身健体之需提供了一种使用方便的保健型食品，产品冲饮、携带方便，且口味清香甘甜，无不良异味，长期食用，不但无任何不良副作用，且具有预防疾病、增强体质的功效。本发明保健食品制作简单易行，利于工厂化规模性生产，能够批量加工供应市场，实现产业化，具有良好的经济效益前景，同时对保障人们健康生活具有很大的社会效益。
具体实施方式
通过下列实施例对本发明作出进一步说明，以下实施例并非是本发明的全部。
制备本发明一种保健食品的方法：
按照以下原料的重量比组成，采用干品黑芝麻、薏苡仁、山药、绿豆、葛根、糙米、荞麦、燕麦为原料配以甜味剂，以黑芝麻：薏苡仁：山药：绿豆：葛根：糙米：荞麦：燕麦：甜味剂为1：1.2：1：1：0.05-0.1：3：0.5：1.5：0.45-0.9重量比例配比，按以下方法制得。
实施例1
首先将山药置于热风干燥箱中采用100℃热风烘烤3小时，取出冷却后，称取1kg采用振动超微粉碎机进行粉碎，过300目筛，得山药超微粉备用；将黑芝麻1kg置炒锅内炒熟，加纯净水2kg置于安装有100目筛网的打浆机中进行打浆，制得黑芝麻浆液备用；再将薏苡仁1.2kg、绿豆1kg、葛根0.1kg、糙米3kg、荞麦0.5kg、燕麦1.5kg，分别碾磨成100目粉，加入73kg纯净水，搅匀，浸泡2h后，置于夹层锅内，隔层通入蒸汽加热至100℃煮沸30min后，调整蒸汽通入量，控制料温在95℃继续煮60min，然后在60℃条件下浓缩至稠膏状，将稠膏状物料与山药粉、黑芝麻浆液和砂糖0.9kg进行混合，在65℃条件下，用热风干燥箱干燥至含水量小于5%，经碾碎，过80目筛，即得到本发明保健食品。
实施例2
首先将山药置于热风干燥箱中采用100℃热风烘烤3小时，取出冷却后，称取1kg采用振动超微粉碎机进行粉碎，过250目筛，得山药超微粉备用；将黑芝麻1kg置炒锅内炒熟，加纯净水2kg置于安装有100目筛网的打浆机中进行打浆，制得黑芝麻浆液备用；再将薏苡仁1.2kg、绿豆1kg、葛根0.05kg、糙米3kg、荞麦0.5kg、燕麦1.5kg，分别碾磨成100目粉，加入72.5kg纯净水，搅匀，浸泡2h后，置于夹层锅内，隔层通入蒸汽加热至100℃煮沸30min后，调整蒸汽通入量，控制料温在98℃继续煮60min，然后在55℃条件下浓缩至稠膏状，将稠膏状物料与山药粉、黑芝麻浆液和0.3kg冰糖、0.5kg蜂蜜进行混合，在55℃条件下，用热风干燥箱干燥至含水量小于5%，经碾碎，过80目筛，即得到本发明保健食品。
实施例3
首先将山药置于热风干燥箱中采用100℃热风烘烤3小时，取出冷却后，称取1kg采用振动超微粉碎机进行粉碎，过300目筛，得山药超微粉备用；将黑芝麻1kg置炒锅内炒熟，加纯净水2kg置于安装有100目筛网的打浆机中进行打浆，制得黑芝麻浆液备用；再将薏苡仁1.2kg、绿豆1kg、葛根0.07kg、糙米3kg、荞麦0.5kg、燕麦1.5kg，分别碾磨成100目粉，加入72.7kg纯净水，搅匀，浸泡2h后，置于夹层锅内，隔层通入蒸汽加热至100℃煮沸30min后，调整蒸汽通入量，控制料温在97℃继续煮60min，然后在60℃条件下浓缩至稠膏状，将稠膏状物料与山药粉、黑芝麻浆液和0.6kg木糖醇进行混合，在55℃条件下，用热风干燥箱干燥至含水量小于5%，经碾碎，过80目筛，即得到本发明保健食品。
实施例4
首先将山药置于热风干燥箱中采用100℃热风烘烤3小时，取出冷却后，称取1kg采用振动超微粉碎机进行粉碎，过250目筛，得山药超微粉备用；将黑芝麻1kg置炒锅内炒熟，加纯净水2kg置于安装有100目筛网的打浆机中进行打浆，制得黑芝麻浆液备用；再将薏苡仁1.2kg、绿豆1kg、葛根0.1kg、糙米3kg、荞麦0.5kg、燕麦1.5kg，分别碾磨成100目粉，加入73kg纯净水，搅匀，浸泡2h后，置于夹层锅内，隔层通入蒸汽加热至100℃煮沸30min后，调整蒸汽通入量，控制料温在98℃继续煮60min，然后在65℃条件下浓缩至稠膏状，将稠膏状物料与山药粉、黑芝麻浆液和0.35kg砂糖、0.35kg蜂蜜进行混合，在60℃条件下，用热风干燥箱干燥至含水量小于5%，经碾碎，过80目筛，即得到本发明保健食品。
实施例5
首先将山药置于热风干燥箱中采用100℃热风烘烤3小时，取出冷却后，称取1kg采用振动超微粉碎机进行粉碎，过300目筛，得山药超微粉备用；将黑芝麻1kg置炒锅内炒熟，加纯净水2kg置于安装有100目筛网的打浆机中进行打浆，制得黑芝麻浆液备用；再将薏苡仁1.2kg、绿豆1kg、葛根0.075kg、糙米3kg、荞麦0.5kg、燕麦1.5kg，分别碾磨成100目粉，加入72.75kg纯净水，搅匀，浸泡2h后，置于夹层锅内，隔层通入蒸汽加热至100℃煮沸30min后，调整蒸汽通入量，控制料温在96℃继续煮60min，然后在60℃条件下浓缩至稠膏状，将稠膏状物料与山药粉、黑芝麻浆液和0.6kg山梨糖醇进行混合，在55℃条件下，用热风干燥箱干燥至含水量小于5%，经碾碎，过80目筛，即得到本发明保健食品。
Claims (5)
1.一种保健食品，其特征是由以下原料的重量比例组成，采用干品黑芝麻、薏苡仁、山药、绿豆、葛根、糙米、荞麦、燕麦为原料，配以甜味剂，以黑芝麻：薏苡仁：山药：绿豆：葛根：糙米：荞麦：燕麦：甜味剂为1：1.2：1：1：0.05-0.1：3：0.5：1.5：0.45-0.9重量比，按以下方法制得：首先将山药采用100℃热风烘烤3小时，取出冷却后粉碎成250-300目粉备用；将黑芝麻置炒锅内炒熟，按黑芝麻重量比加入2倍的纯净水，置于按装有100目筛网的打浆机中进行打浆，制得黑芝麻浆液备用；再将薏苡仁、绿豆、葛根、糙米、荞麦和燕麦分别碾磨成100目粉混合，加入薏苡仁、绿豆、葛根、糙米、荞麦和燕麦总重量10倍的纯净水，搅匀，浸泡2h后，置夹层锅内，隔层蒸汽加热至100℃煮沸30min后，调整蒸汽通入量，控制料温在95-98℃继续煮60min，然后在55-65℃条件下浓缩至稠膏状，将该稠膏状物料与山药粉、黑芝麻浆液和甜味剂进行混合，在50℃-90℃条件下干燥至含水量小于5%，碾碎过80目筛得到粉末状保健食品。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种保健食品，其特征在于，所述的甜味剂为砂糖、冰糖、蜂蜜、山梨醇糖、木糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖中的一种或两种混合物。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种保健食品，其特征在于，所述的粉碎为超微粉碎；所述的超微粉碎使用振动超微粉碎机。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种保健食品，其特征在于，所述的干燥采用热风干燥、远红外干燥或微波干燥；优选的干燥条件为55℃-65℃。
5.一种如权利要求1－4任一项所述的保健食品的制备方法。
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| CN110583974A (zh) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-20 | 吴勇琼 | 一种瘦身全谷营养健康代餐食品及其制备方法 |
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