CN102210225A

CN102210225A - Method for planting dragon fruits

Info

Publication number: CN102210225A
Application number: CN201010141178XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林光德
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-04-01
Filing date: 2010-04-01
Publication date: 2011-10-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting dragon fruits. A basic cultivation method comprises the following steps of: selecting a plot, burying concrete columns with spacing between rows being 1.5m and spacing in row being 1.5m, and planting 3-4 strains around each column; and mainly applying a nitrogen fertilizer to young trees and applying phosphate and potassic fertilizers to adult trees. The fertilizers are thinly and frequently applied, and aridity is prevented. During growth of the dragon fruits, when branches grow to the length of 1.3-1.4m, pinching is performed to accelerate branching, and the branches naturally droop. About 10 percent of white meat type dragon fruits are interplanted so as to contribute to pollinating between species and obviously improve the maturing rate. After the fruits are harvested, the fruited braches are sheared each year to grow new branches. The dragon fruits have fewer insect pests and are easily harmed by snails and ants in the seedling period, and the insect pests can be controlled by insecticides; and the dragon fruits are easily infected with diseases in high-temperature and high-humidity seasons, partial necrosis and mildew of the branches occur and can be controlled by triadimefon, powerful copper oxide and the like, and the effect is good.

Description

A kind of method of planting dragon fruit

Affiliated technical field:

The invention belongs to the culture technique field of fruit tree.

Background technology:

Dragon fruit belongs to the torrid zone, subtropical fruits, drought-enduring, high temperature resistant, happiness light, and less demanding to soil property, level land, hillside, sandstone ground all can be planted, and optimum soil pH value is 6-7.5, preferably selects the organic abundant good soil plantation of drainage.The not anti-frost of dragon fruit, winter temperature are lower than 0 ℃ area employing simple plastic greenhouse plantation.The dragon fruit planting patterns is varied, can climb the wall plantation, the plantation of also can puing up a shed, but the most general with the pillar cultivation, its advantage is that production cost is low, land utilization rate is high.So-called pillar cultivation is exactly a upright concrete column or pin, plants 3-4 strain dragon fruit seedling around post, the planting type that allows the dragon fruit plant upwards grow along column, the seeding row spacing of post is 1.5m * 1.5m, calculates by planting the 3-4 young plant around every post, and every mu of ground can be planted about 800 strains.Dragon fruit all can be planted throughout the year, but can not plant deeply, and planting depth is generally at 3cm, and initial planting should keep ground moistening.Dragon fruit is planted and was begun to yield positive results in back about 1 year, and can bloom 10-12 time every year, and be the period of growth of the crop 4～November, thank and spend back 35 days fruit maturations, single fruit weight 0.5-1Kg, the 2nd year every post in back of planting produces fruit more than 20,, the 3rd year enter the full bearing period, general every per mu yield is at 1500-2500Kg.

Summary of the invention:

The problem that the present invention mainly solves provides a kind of cultivation method of establishing in large scale dragon fruit, and this method is through practice test, and is respond well.The amount of growth of dragon fruit is littler than conventional fruit tree.So fertilising will be with Shaoshi, repeatedly be principle.Treelet (life in 1～2 year) accomplishes that based on nitrogen fertilizer application Bao Shiqin executes, and promotes the tree bulk-growth.Become tree in age (more than the life in 3 years) to execute phosphorus, potash fertilizer, the amount of application of control nitrogenous fertilizer.Fertilising should be carried out in spring young sprout germination period and fruit expanding period, and fertilizer was generally filled a prescription 25 kilograms of annual every strain organic fertilizers with cottonseed cake, chicken manure, pig manure by 1.5: 3: 5.5.Or in annual March, June and September, 0.3 kilogram of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer is executed in every strain.The root system of dragon fruit mainly is distributed in topsoil, so fertilising should be adopted broadcast application, avoids the trench digging deep placement, in order to avoid hinder root.In addition, after every batch of young fruit formed, root outer spraying 0.3% magnesium sulfate+0.2% borax+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time was to improve fruit quality.Because dragon fruit is long picking time, the heavy dressing organic fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer are wanted balanced chronic administration.Use pig, the too high fertilizer of chicken manure nitrogen content fully, make branch plump, bottle green and very crisp, frangibility during strong wind, fruit is big and heavy, bad, sugariness is low, even also has tart flavour or saline taste.Therefore, to enrich potash fertilizer, fertiliser containing magnesium and bone meal during yielding positive results,, improve quality to promote the fruit sucrose accumulation.The aerial root of dragon fruit is a lot, can be converted into the absorption root.Expand the cave and improve the soil, can widen Root Distribution gradually; Also but ground under the aerial root is induced in the colligation traction.Water management.Dragon fruit is grown under warm and moist, well-lighted environment rapidly.The growth of seedling phase should keep full garden mould earth humidity.Spring and summer should water season more, makes its root system keep the vigorous growth state.Fruit expanding period will keep ground moistening, in order to fruit growth.Must guard against during irrigation and soak filling for a long time, also not frequent from the beginning to the end trickle.Soak filling and can make root system be in the long term hypoxia state and death, trickle can make the humidity inequality, and brings out red spot disease.In weather cloudy and drizzly for days on end draining in time, in order to avoid bacteria infection causes stem meat to rot.Winter, water will be controlled in the field, to strengthen the cold hardiness of branch.

A kind of method of planting dragon fruit, its beneficial effect is: simple to operate, cost is low, is suitable for large tracts of land production, can produce high-quality dragon fruit.

Embodiment:

Embodiment: the process that specifically describes the dragon fruit cultivation:

The first step: accomplish to approach fertile duty and execute, because the fruit harvesting phase is long, all want the heavy dressing fertilizer every year, nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer are wanted balanced chronic administration.To augment potassium, fertiliser containing magnesium during yielding positive results,, improve quality to promote the fruit sucrose accumulation.Fruiting period keeps ground moistening, and tree is coiled with grass and covers, during the weather arid, and water of filling in 3-4 days.

Second step: pinching: pinching when branch length is long to 1.3-1.4m promotes branch, and makes branch sagging naturally.

The 3rd step: during the plantation dragon fruit, the dragon fruit of the plain boiled pork type of kind about 10% between.Pollination mutually can obviously improve ripening rate between the kind.If meet rainy weather, carry out artificial pollination.Pollination can the flowers are in blossom between the lights or early morning flower still not closed before, directly pollen is coated onto on the female chapiter with writing brush.

The 4th step: prune branch: wipe out the branch of tying fruit after the annual fruit picking, allow it send shoot again, to guarantee the output in the coming year.

The 5th step: the extermination of disease and insect pest: flue fruit disease worm is less, and the seedling phase is subject to snail and ant harm, pesticides available control; In high-temperature high humidity season easy infection disease, branch partial necrosis and mildew appear, controls such as available triadimefon, powerful copper oxide, respond well.

Claims

1. method of planting dragon fruit, it is characterized in that: the basic skills of cultivation is to choose the plot earlier, has buried concrete column, and the seeding row spacing of post is 1.5m * 1.5m, plants the 3-4 strain around every post, and treelet is based on nitrogen fertilizer application, becomes the age tree to execute phosphorus, potash fertilizer.Dragon fruit all can be planted throughout the year, plants to begin to yield positive results in back about 1 year, and can bloom 10-12 time every year, be the period of growth of the crop 4～November, thanks and spend back 35 days fruit maturations, single fruit weight 0.5-1Kg, the 2nd year every post in back of planting produces fruit more than 20, enters the full bearing period on the 3rd year.

2. a kind of method of planting dragon fruit according to claim 1,, its first step is characterised in that: accomplish to approach fertile duty and execute, because the fruit harvesting phase is long, all want the heavy dressing fertilizer every year, nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer are wanted balanced chronic administration.To augment potassium, fertiliser containing magnesium during yielding positive results,, improve quality to promote the fruit sucrose accumulation.Fruiting period keeps ground moistening, and tree is coiled with grass and covers, during the weather arid, and water of filling in 3-4 days.

3. a kind of method of planting dragon fruit according to claim 1, its second step is characterised in that: pinching: pinching when the long 1.3-1.4m of arriving of branch is long promotes branch, and makes branch sagging naturally.

4. a kind of method of planting dragon fruit according to claim 1, its 3rd step is characterised in that: during the plantation dragon fruit, the dragon fruit of the plain boiled pork type of kind about 10% between.Pollination mutually can obviously improve ripening rate between the kind.If meet rainy weather, carry out artificial pollination.Pollination can the flowers are in blossom between the lights or early morning flower still not closed before, directly pollen is coated onto on the female chapiter with writing brush.

5. a kind of method of planting dragon fruit according to claim 1, its 4th step is characterised in that: prune branch: wipe out the branch of tying fruit after the annual fruit picking, allow it send shoot again, to guarantee the output in the coming year.

6. a kind of method of planting dragon fruit according to claim 1, its 5th step is characterised in that: the extermination of disease and insect pest: flue fruit disease worm is less, and the seedling phase is subject to snail and ant harm, pesticides available control; In high-temperature high humidity season easy infection disease, branch partial necrosis and mildew appear, controls such as available triadimefon, powerful copper oxide, respond well.