CN105340709A - HylocereusundulatusBritt rapid breeding method - Google Patents
HylocereusundulatusBritt rapid breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105340709A CN105340709A CN201510796548.6A CN201510796548A CN105340709A CN 105340709 A CN105340709 A CN 105340709A CN 201510796548 A CN201510796548 A CN 201510796548A CN 105340709 A CN105340709 A CN 105340709A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a HylocereusundulatusBritt rapid breeding method comprising the following steps: placing HylocereusundulatusBritt seeds into 50% carbendazim wettability pulvis with concentration of 0.3% for immersion disinfection; using 30-35 DEGC worm water to immerse the disinfected HylocereusundulatusBritt seeds; selecting 60-80 mesh perlite, heating the perlite in a 150-160 DEG C baking oven for 15-20 minutes, cooling the perlite, and adding clean water to wet the perlite; paving the processed perlite in a box with the bottom having holes, throwing the immersed HylocereusundulatusBritt seeds on the perlite, and paving another perlite layer; using an infrared insulation lamp to irradiate the box for 12-24h/day, controlling the temperature to be at 28-32 DEG C, placing the box in a 28-32 DEG C environment for accelerating germination for the resting time of each day, and watering the box once a day. The method can carry out accelerating germination for 5-7 days until the germination, and the germination capacity in 15 days can reach 98%; the method can provide reliable guarantee for large scale industrialization plantation of the HylocereusundulatusBritt, and can establish the base for HylocereusundulatusBritt breed seed selection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of plant propagation, specifically a kind of dragon fruit method for quickly breeding.
Background technology
Dragon fruit (HylocereusundulatusBritt), belongs to Cactaceae, hylocereus platymiscium, another name Hylocereus undatus, passion plant, celestial mamoncillo, Yu Longguo.Main product in Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, the provinces and regions such as Yunnan, its fruit, Long Circle or oval, epidermis is red, meat, the scale of the anxious point in tool ovum shape and top, the long 10-12 centimetre of fruit, pericarp is thick, there is wax, pulp white or redness, taste, like fragrant and sweet cream, has the sesame shape seed of nearly ten thousand tool fragrance.Dragon fruit is rich in anthocyan, vitamin c, ferro element, vegetable albumin etc., there is low fat, high edible cellulose, homovitamin C, high phospholipid, the feature such as low in calories, have Constipation, hypertension, high lithemia and reduce blood sugar, anti-ageing, suppress the effect such as brain cell sex change, prevention dementia, fat-reducing, reduction cholesterol, ease constipation, prevention colorectal cancer.Dragon fruit catchments fruit, flowers, vegetables, health care, medicine for all over the body, is a kind of comprehensive nutrition, rare tropical and subtropical zone characteristic fruit.In recent years, to the sharp increase of dragon fruit demand, better economic benefit on market, thus the large-scale planting of dragon fruit has been promoted fast.
The breeding of current dragon fruit mainly adopts cottage propagation, and cottage propagation can keep maternal merit, also can shorten growth cycle, reduce Productive statistics, but every bunch of dragon fruit can be limited for the branch sheared, and can not meet the demand of producing at present far away, and price is relatively high; Cuttage seeding root system is undeveloped, and yielding ability is not high, and drought-resistant ability is not strong yet.Seed amount contained by dragon fruit fruit is very big, utilizes seminal propagation can breed out a large amount of seedlings at short notice to meet Production requirement.Seminal propagation method and sexual propagation method, utilize male and female to be pollinated exactly intersect and form seed to raise up seed, the advantage of seminal propagation once sows to obtain a large amount of nursery stock, seed collection, storage, convenient transportation, seedling growth is vigorous, strong stress resistance, easily tames.But there is following defect in existing dragon fruit seminal propagation: (1) percentage of seedgermination is low, and especially red meat dragon fruit germination rate only reaches about 70%; (2) germinating time is inconsistent, makes seedling irregular.Dragon fruit seed of the present invention is that material carries out reproduction test, explores dragon fruit seed seedling-raising method, not only can breed a large amount of seedlings, is also that breed breeding will lay the foundation from now on simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency existed for existing dragon fruit cottage propagation and seminal propagation of the present invention, provides a kind of easy and simple to handle, quick, with low cost, seed propagation method that germination rate is high, can realize dragon fruit seedling large-scale breeding.
In order to realize above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of dragon fruit method for quickly breeding, comprises the following steps:
1. gather ripe dragon fruit fruit, the pectin washing away pulp and plant in benevolence, cleans seed, seed is dried in the shade, remove not full, to have disease seed, then the seed screened is put into the 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaking disinfection 20-30min that concentration is 0.3%, be filtered dry;
2., with the dragon fruit seed 15-24h that 30-35 DEG C of emerge in worm water disinfects, be filtered dry;
3. select 60-80 order perlite as sprouting matrix, in the baking oven of 150-160 DEG C, heat 15-20min, cool, add clear water and make to soak, the perlite that must handle well;
4. be layered on by the perlite handled well in the porose chest in bottom, perlitic thickness is 3-5cm, is evenly sprinkling upon above perlite by soaked dragon fruit seed, repaves the thick perlite handled well of one deck 2-3cm;
5. the infrared heat-insulating lamp of chest is irradiated 12-24h/ days, control temperature, at 28-32 DEG C, is placed in 28-32 DEG C of environment remaining time every day and carries out vernalization, water every day 1 time.
The above dragon fruit comprises red skin plain boiled pork dragon fruit or red skin red meat dragon fruit.
The above 60-80 order perlite refers to by 60 mesh standard sieves, not by the perlite of 80 mesh standard sieves.
The above dragon fruit method for quickly breeding, described infrared heat-insulating lamp can be the heat-insulating lamp that can send near infrared ray [wavelength is between (0.75-1) ~ (2.5-3) μm], middle infrared (Mid-IR) [wavelength is between (2.5-3) ~ (25-40) μm] or far infrared [wavelength is (25-40) ~ l000 μm], preferred far infrared thermal insulation lamp.
The above infrared heat-insulating lamp preferably can the heat-insulating lamp of A.T.C, when temperature reaches setting, automatically closes infrared heat-insulating lamp, when temperature is lower than setting, automatically opens infrared heat-insulating lamp.
For saving space, cost, dragon fruit seed can place layer 2-3, namely the above step 4 is: be layered on bottom chest by the perlite handled well, perlitic thickness is 3-4cm, soaked dragon fruit seed is evenly sprinkling upon above perlite, repave the thick perlite handled well of one deck 1-2cm and cover seed, layer 2-3 so repeatedly, the thick perlite handled well of paving one deck 2-3cm above of the superiors' dragon fruit seed.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. the inventive method vernalization 5-7 days seed can sprout; within 15 days, germination rate reaches 98%; solve in the past the problems such as dragon fruit seed propagation seedling cost is high, germinating time is inconsistent, the vernalization cycle is long, germination rate is low; for dragon fruit scale, industrialization plantation provide Reliable guarantee, be also that dragon fruit breed breeding will lay the foundation from now on simultaneously.
2. the infrared heat-insulating lamp of the inventive method employing, fully electric energy can be converted to infrared rays, infrared rays has stronger radiant force and penetration, has significant temperature control effect and resonance effects, can produce with the hydrone of dragon fruit seed tissue cell and resonate, effectively promote seed sprouting growth.
3. the inventive method selects the perlite handled well to make position sprouting matrix, compared with river sand, yellow soil, vermiculite etc., has better ventilative and water penetration, can provide sufficient oxygen, not perishable seed for seed sprouting; Perlite also has good heat insulation function, can reduce the temperature difference at daytime and night, accelerates seed sprouting.
4. the inventive method operation is simple, with low cost, as there is no booth and air-conditioned room, also rapidly and efficiently vernalization can be completed with infrared heat-insulating lamp, the most multipotency of the present invention is placed 3 layers of dragon fruit seed and is carried out vernalization in a chest, making full use of resource, is a kind of method being particularly suitable for peasant's ectogenesis dragon fruit seedling.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to embodiment.Test dragon fruit fruit harvesting used in Nanning.
One, dragon fruit method for quickly breeding condition is investigated
1. the different investigation of sprouting matrix and sprouting matrix particle diameter.
Investigate perlite, river sand, yellow soil and vermiculite four kinds of different substrates in test to the impact of Seed Germination of Pitaya, be grouped as follows:
A group: perlite is crossed 40 mesh standard sieves, gets the perlite by 40 mesh standard sieves, after 60 mesh standard sieves, get not by the perlite of 60 mesh standard sieves as matrix.
B group: river sand is crossed 40 mesh standard sieves, gets the river sand by 40 mesh standard sieves, after 60 mesh standard sieves, get not by the river sand of 60 mesh standard sieves as matrix.
C group: yellow soil is crossed 40 mesh standard sieves, gets the sandy soil by 40 mesh standard sieves, after 60 mesh standard sieves, get not by the sandy soil of 60 mesh standard sieves as matrix.
D group: vermiculite is crossed 40 mesh standard sieves, gets the vermiculite by 40 mesh standard sieves, after 60 mesh standard sieves, get not by the vermiculite of 60 mesh standard sieves as matrix.
E group: perlite is crossed 40 mesh standard sieves, gets the perlite by 40 mesh standard sieves, after 60 mesh standard sieves, get not by the perlite of 60 mesh standard sieves as matrix.
F group: perlite is crossed 60 mesh standard sieves, gets the perlite by 60 mesh standard sieves, after 80 mesh standard sieves, get not by the perlite of 80 mesh standard sieves as matrix.
G group: perlite is crossed 80 mesh standard sieves, gets the perlite by 80 mesh standard sieves, after 100 mesh standard sieves, get not by the perlite of 100 mesh standard sieves as matrix.
By above-mentioned sprouting matrix, adopt and test with the following method: (1) gathers ripe red skin red heart dragon fruit fruit, the pectin washing away pulp and plant in benevolence, clean seed, seed is dried in the shade, remove not full, to have disease seed, then the seed screened is put into the 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaking disinfection 30min that concentration is 0.3%, be filtered dry; (2) with the dragon fruit seed 18h that 30 DEG C of emerge in worm water disinfect, be filtered dry; (3) get the sprouting matrix of above-mentioned grouping, in the baking oven of 150 DEG C, heat 20min, cool, add clear water and make to soak, the matrix that must handle well; (4) matrix handled well be layered in the porose chest in bottom, thickness is 3cm, is evenly sprinkling upon above matrix by soaked dragon fruit seed, repaves the thick matrix handled well of one deck 2cm; (5) chest be placed in transparent greenhouse carry out vernalization, daytime solar light irradiation, control temperature is at 30 DEG C, and irradiate 12h/ days with infrared heat-insulating lamp in the evening, and control temperature, at 30 DEG C, waters 1 time every day.Often organize and parallelly carry out 3 tests, the results detailed in Table 1.
Table 1 difference sprouts matrix to the impact of dragon fruit germination rate
Group | Beginning germinating time (my god) | 15 days average germination percentage (%) |
A | 7 | 86 |
B | 8 | 80 |
C | 9 | 75 |
D | 8 | 82 |
E | 10 | 61 |
F | 5 | 93 |
G | 6 | 84 |
Above-mentioned result of the test shows: different substrates is comparatively large on the impact of Seed Germination of Pitaya, after 15 days dragon fruit percentage of seedgermination the highest and start germinating time the shortest be perlite.Perlite granularity also has larger impact to Seed Germination of Pitaya, granularity is too thin, gas permeability is bad, granularity is too thick, moisture capacity is bad, and Seed Germination of Pitaya needs good gas permeability and water penetration, and airtight and ponding is all unfavorable for its seed germination, therefore, in dragon fruit seed seedling-raising process, better effect can be obtained with 60-80 order perlite as sprouting matrix.
2. illumination is investigated.
Investigate different illumination conditions in test to the impact of Seed Germination of Pitaya, be grouped as follows:
A group: do not have illumination, chest is placed in dark place control temperature.
B group: be placed in control temperature in transparent greenhouse, daytime normal solar light irradiation.
C group: be placed in control temperature in transparent greenhouse, daytime normal solar light irradiation, night incandescent lamp irradiate 12h/ days.
D group: be placed in control temperature in transparent greenhouse, daytime normal solar light irradiation, night turns off air-conditioning, with far infrared thermal insulation light irradiation insulation 12h/ days.
E group: with far infrared thermal insulation light irradiation insulation 24h/ days.
Adopt and test with the following method: (1) gathers ripe red skin white internal heat dragon fruits, the pectin washing away pulp and plant in benevolence, clean seed, seed is dried in the shade, remove not full, to have disease seed, again the seed screened is put into the 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaking disinfection 20min that concentration is 0.3%, be filtered dry; (2) with the dragon fruit seed 15h that 35 DEG C of emerge in worm water disinfect, be filtered dry; (3) select 60-80 order perlite as sprouting matrix, in the baking oven of 160 DEG C, heat 15min, cool, add clear water and make to soak, the perlite that must handle well; (4) be layered on by the perlite handled well in the porose chest in bottom, perlitic thickness is 4cm, is evenly sprinkling upon above perlite by soaked dragon fruit seed, repaves the thick perlite handled well of one deck 1cm; (5) 5) chest is placed in above-mentioned different illumination condition and carries out vernalization, control temperature, at 28 DEG C, waters 1 time every day.Often organize and parallelly carry out 3 tests, the results detailed in Table 2.
Table 2 different illumination conditions is on the impact of dragon fruit germination rate
Group | Beginning germinating time (my god) | 15 days average germination percentage (%) |
a | — | 0 |
b | 9 | 78 |
c | 7 | 84 |
d | 6 | 95 |
e | 5 | 93 |
Above-mentioned result of the test shows, illumination condition is comparatively large on the impact of Seed Germination of Pitaya, and suitable illumination condition can promote seed germination, d, e group, adopts infrared heat-insulating lamp to irradiate, and the time that dragon fruit germinates, after 15 days, germination rate was the highest the earliest.
Two, dragon fruit method for quickly breeding
Embodiment 1
A kind of dragon fruit method for quickly breeding, comprises the following steps:
1. gather ripe red skin red heart dragon fruit fruit, the pectin washing away pulp and plant in benevolence, cleans seed, seed is dried in the shade, remove not full, to have disease seed, then the seed screened is put into the 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaking disinfection 20min that concentration is 0.3%, be filtered dry;
2., with the dragon fruit seed 24h that 30 DEG C of emerge in worm water disinfect, be filtered dry;
3. select 60-80 order perlite as sprouting matrix, in the baking oven of 150 DEG C, heat 20min, cool, add clear water and make to soak, the perlite that must handle well;
4. be layered on by the perlite handled well in the porose chest in bottom, perlitic thickness is 3cm, is evenly sprinkling upon above perlite by soaked dragon fruit seed, repaves the thick perlite handled well of one deck 2cm;
5. chest is placed in transparent greenhouse, daytime normal solar light irradiation, control temperature 30 DEG C, night turns off air-conditioning, with near-infrared heat-insulating lamp irradiate insulation 12h/ days, control temperature 30 DEG C, waters 1 every day.6th day seed starts to germinate, and within 15 days, germination rate reaches 88%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of dragon fruit method for quickly breeding, comprises the following steps:
1. ripe red skin of gathering white internal heat dragon fruits, the pectin washing away pulp and plant in benevolence, cleans seed, seed is dried in the shade, remove not full, to have disease seed, then the seed screened is put into the 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaking disinfection 30min that concentration is 0.3%, be filtered dry;
2., with the dragon fruit seed 18h that 35 DEG C of emerge in worm water disinfect, be filtered dry;
3. select 60-80 order perlite as sprouting matrix, in the baking oven of 160 DEG C, heat 15min, cool, add clear water and make to soak, the perlite that must handle well;
4. be layered on by the perlite handled well in the porose chest in bottom, perlitic thickness is 4cm, is evenly sprinkling upon above perlite by soaked dragon fruit seed, repaves the thick perlite handled well of one deck 1cm;
5. be placed in cubicle by chest, in using, infrared heat-insulating lamp irradiates 24h/ days, and control temperature, at 28 DEG C, waters 1 time every day.7th day seed starts to germinate, and within 15 days, germination rate reaches 92%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of dragon fruit method for quickly breeding, comprises the following steps:
1. ripe red skin of gathering white internal heat dragon fruits, the pectin washing away pulp and plant in benevolence, cleans seed, seed is dried in the shade, remove not full, to have disease seed, then the seed screened is put into the 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaking disinfection 25min that concentration is 0.3%, be filtered dry;
2., with the dragon fruit seed 15h that 30 DEG C of emerge in worm water disinfect, be filtered dry;
3. select 60-80 order perlite as sprouting matrix, in the baking oven of 160 DEG C, heat 15min, cool, add clear water and make to soak, the perlite that must handle well;
4. be layered on by the perlite handled well in the porose chest in bottom, perlitic thickness is 3cm, is evenly sprinkling upon above perlite by soaked dragon fruit seed, repaves the thick perlite handled well of one deck 2cm;
5. be placed in air-conditioned room by chest, control temperature 32 DEG C, night turns off air-conditioning, and with far infrared thermal insulation light irradiation insulation 15h/ days, control temperature 32 DEG C, waters 1 every day.5th day seed starts to germinate, and within 15 days, germination rate reaches 91%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of dragon fruit method for quickly breeding, comprises the following steps:
1. gather ripe red skin red heart dragon fruit fruit, the pectin washing away pulp and plant in benevolence, cleans seed, seed is dried in the shade, remove not full, to have disease seed, then the seed screened is put into the 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaking disinfection 20min that concentration is 0.3%, be filtered dry;
2., with the dragon fruit seed 20h that 30 DEG C of emerge in worm water disinfect, be filtered dry;
3. select 60-80 order perlite as sprouting matrix, in the baking oven of 150 DEG C, heat 20min, cool, add clear water and make to soak, the perlite that must handle well;
4. be layered on by the perlite handled well in the porose chest in bottom, perlitic thickness is 5cm, is evenly sprinkling upon above perlite by soaked dragon fruit seed, repaves the thick perlite handled well of one deck 2cm;
5. fill above seed-bearing chest and cover with airtight case, the superiors 60cm place, perlitic top far infrared thermal insulation light irradiation insulation 24h/ days, control temperature 30 DEG C, waters 1 every day.7th day seed starts to germinate, and within 15 days, germination rate reaches 85%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of dragon fruit method for quickly breeding, comprises the following steps:
1. gather ripe red skin red heart dragon fruit fruit, the pectin washing away pulp and plant in benevolence, cleans seed, seed is dried in the shade, remove not full, to have disease seed, then the seed screened is put into the 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaking disinfection 30min that concentration is 0.3%, be filtered dry;
2., with the dragon fruit seed 15h that 35 DEG C of emerge in worm water disinfect, be filtered dry;
3. select 60-80 order perlite as sprouting matrix, in the baking oven of 150 DEG C, heat 20min, cool, add clear water and make to soak, the perlite that must handle well;
4. the perlite handled well is layered on bottom chest, perlitic thickness is 4cm, soaked dragon fruit seed is evenly sprinkling upon above perlite, repave the thick perlite handled well of one deck 1cm and cover seed, so 3 layers repeatedly, the thick perlite handled well of paving one deck 2cm above of the superiors' dragon fruit seed;
5. be placed in cubicle by chest, with far infrared thermal insulation light irradiation 20h/ days, control temperature is at 30 DEG C, and remaining time every day carries out vernalization at 30 DEG C of environment, and every day waters once.5th day seed starts to germinate, and within 15 days, germination rate reaches 87%.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; make some equivalent alternative or obvious modification without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; and performance or purposes identical, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by submitted to claims.
Claims (3)
1. a dragon fruit method for quickly breeding, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) gather ripe dragon fruit fruit, the pectin washing away pulp and plant in benevolence, cleans seed, seed is dried in the shade, remove not full, to have disease seed, then the seed screened is put into the 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaking disinfection 20-30min that concentration is 0.3%, be filtered dry;
(2) with the dragon fruit seed 15-24h that 30-35 DEG C of emerge in worm water disinfects, be filtered dry;
(3) select 60-80 order perlite as sprouting matrix, in the baking oven of 150-160 DEG C, heat 15-20min, cool, add clear water and make to soak, the perlite that must handle well;
(4) be layered on by the perlite handled well in the porose chest in bottom, perlitic thickness is 3-5cm, is evenly sprinkling upon above perlite by soaked dragon fruit seed, repaves the thick perlite handled well of one deck 1-2cm;
(5) the infrared heat-insulating lamp of chest is irradiated 12-24h/ days, control temperature, at 28-32 DEG C, is placed in 28-32 DEG C of environment remaining time every day and carries out vernalization, water every day 1 time.
2. dragon fruit method for quickly breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described infrared heat-insulating lamp is far infrared thermal insulation lamp.
3. dragon fruit method for quickly breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described dragon fruit comprises red skin plain boiled pork dragon fruit or red skin red meat dragon fruit.
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CN106034815A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-26 | 丘以明 | Method for seedling raising of pitaya |
CN106134733A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 广西南宁十分园生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high yield water-saving planting method being applicable to Hylocereus undatus |
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