CN109511534A - Berry seed seed propagation method - Google Patents
Berry seed seed propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109511534A CN109511534A CN201811537543.1A CN201811537543A CN109511534A CN 109511534 A CN109511534 A CN 109511534A CN 201811537543 A CN201811537543 A CN 201811537543A CN 109511534 A CN109511534 A CN 109511534A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical fields of berry plantation, more particularly, to berry seed seed propagation method.Berry seed seed propagation method, comprising the following steps: S1, seed selection select the seed of the fruit of physiological maturity, and the colloid of the pulp of the surface of the seed separated completely；Seed in S1 is uniformly seeded in matrix by S2, sowing, and keeps the wet of soil；Environment temperature is maintained at 20-40 DEG C during from plantation to seed germination and seedling raise.It is found through experiment that the seed in the fruit of physiological maturity is selected to be sowed, germinating energy is more preferable, and germination percentage is also higher.The fruit of physiological maturity at least shifts to an earlier date 7 days relative to the fruit in commodity maturity period; and then it can early pick, planting early enough; be conducive to save the maintenance cost of fruit; later period germinating energy is more preferable; be conducive to concentrate nursery; the sowing maintenance cost and cost of land for being conducive to save the later period, very positive effect is produced from the angle of agricultural production, has very big commercial value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of berry plantation, more particularly, to berry seed seed propagation method.
Background technique
Berry is by ovary or to combine the succulent fruit that other floral organs develop into soft and succulency.There are many berry tree type,
As grape, Kiwi berry, raspberry, gooseberry, cowberry, fruit mulberry, fig, pomegranate, carambola, sapodilla, papaya, guava, Portugal,
Blueberry, passionflower etc..
There are seed seed propagation and cutting propagation mode to carry out seedling planting the implantation methods of berries, at present seed
Reproductive survival rate is low, and plant is easy variation, will affect the quality of berry, so mostly using cutting propagation seedling planting in production
Method, but will be limited by season by way of cuttage, it every year can be with the limited time of beta pruning, therefore how to improve kind
Sub- reproductive survival rate plants out better berry as the most concerned problem of people faster.
Chinese invention application CN104025961A discloses a kind of passion fruit method for culturing seedlings, including following operating procedure: seed selection
Selection: in fructescence, fruit is selected from maternal plant, and the seed in fruit is taken out；The arrangement in nursery: will be in nursery
Sundries is cleaned out, and soil is managed furrow, and apply fertilizer on furrow, by Soil tillage after fertilising 3-5 days；The processing of seed: with clearly
Water impregnates seed 2-3 days, and hand-launders in soaking process and purify outer covering of the seed colloid, and washing number by rubbing with the hands is 3-5 times；It is broadcasting
Land used hawk phoxim stirs seed in 30-50 minutes before spreading；Sowing: the seed handled well is sprinkling upon on furrow；It builds cool canopy: broadcasting
After kind, cool canopy is built on nursery.
Above-mentioned technical proposal designs and has planned the step of nursery and seed selection, and stirs seed by land used hawk phoxim and increase
Strong disease resistance, but germinating energy is not that very well, germinating energy is the germination percentage for comparing concentration at germination initial stage, germinating energy decides out
The neat degree of seedling, germinating energy is high, and emergence is neat, and seedling growth is consistent, otherwise seedling is irregular.Germinating energy is not good enough, meeting
Entire growing-seedling period is lengthened, agricultural production is unfavorable for.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of berry seed seed propagation methods, and germinating energy is higher, and germination percentage is also higher, contracting
Short growing-seedling period is convenient for agricultural extension.
Foregoing invention purpose of the invention has the technical scheme that berry seed seed propagation side
Method, comprising the following steps:
S1 seed selection selects the seed of the fruit of physiological maturity, and the colloid of the pulp of the surface of the seed is separated completely；
S2 sowing, the seed in S1 is uniformly seeded in matrix, and keeps the wet of soil；From plantation to seed germination and seedling raise
During environment temperature be maintained at 20-40 DEG C.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, it is found through experiment that, select the seed in the fruit of physiological maturity to be sowed,
Germinating energy is more preferable, and germination percentage is also higher.The fruit of physiological maturity at least shifts to an earlier date 7 days relative to the fruit in commodity maturity period, into
And can early pick, planting early enough, be conducive to the maintenance cost for saving fruit, later period germinating energy is more preferable, is conducive to concentrate nursery, has
Conducive to the sowing maintenance cost and cost of land for saving the later period, very positive effect is produced from the angle of agricultural production,
With very big commercial value.Environment temperature and humidity are very big on the influence of the germination of berry, and temperature is relatively high, humidity
When comparing larger, the more conducively germination of berry seed.
The present invention is further arranged to: environment temperature is maintained at 35-40 DEG C in S2, and humidity is 90% or more.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, found through overtesting, using above-mentioned temperature and humidity, berry seed in 2-3 days
It will sprout, germination percentage is also higher, and germinating energy is also more preferable, can greatly shorten the germination period, and then reduce maintenance cost, be convenient for
It promotes.
The present invention is further arranged to: the soil for broadcasting berry seed is covered with film.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, film, which is covered on, is more conducive to keep the wet of soil on soil, and then is berry
Seed provides sufficient moisture, is conducive to shorten the germination period, reduces maintenance cost；It can also prevent from reducing a part of evil simultaneously
Worm, it is easier to protect seedling.
The present invention is further arranged to: seed is broadcast in seedlings nursing plate, the seedlings nursing plate for covering film is placed in sunny
Place.
So that the soil moisture is kept relatively high using luminous energy by using above-mentioned technical proposal, then cooperates the water conservation of film
Performance forms the environment of high temperature and humidity, can accelerate germination progress, shortens the germination period, improves germination quality, also makes full use of
Luminous energy, is conducive to energy saving.Cotyledon needs to carry out photosynthesis after germination, can faster itself supplement after bying sunlight
Nutrition is grown up strong and sturdy conducive to the health of seedling.
The present invention is further arranged to: the main formula of S2 mesostroma is plain boiled water tongue fur peat.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, sphagna quality is light, ventilation is splendid with water retention property, and peat soil is soddy soil into one
Step be carbonized, containing a large amount of organic matter, the soil is porous, and water-permeable and air permeable performance is good, and retain water and nutrients ability is stronger, quality gently and
Disease-free spore and worm's ovum are applied to the present invention, and germinating energy is more preferable, and seed does not allow easy infection germ yet, grow after later period germination
It is also more preferable.
The present invention is further arranged to: S2 mesostroma also includes perlite, and the weight ratio of plain boiled water tongue fur peat and perlite
For 4:1.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, through experimental test, plain boiled water tongue fur peat good water-retaining property, perlite good permeability, this
Sample water-retaining property and gas permeability are all fine, and germinating energy is good, and germination is neat.Applied to the present invention, enough water can be provided to seed
Point, germinating energy is more preferable, and will not excess moisture cause rotting for seedling, seedling early growth is also more preferable after germination, and the later period moves
It plants also very convenient.
The present invention is further arranged to: the pH value of S2 mesostroma is 5.8-6.0.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, pH value is critically important to the growth after germination, and peracid or alkali excessively can all influence
The growth of plant.
The present invention is further arranged to: S2 mesostroma also includes addition fertilizer, and the content for adding fertilizer is 1.0kg/m3, addition fertilizer
The weight ratio of middle N P and K is 14:10:18.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, required N P and K can be absorbed after germination from matrix, growth is more
It is good.
The present invention is further arranged to: seed obtained in S1 being put into climatic chamber, is carried out again after seed coat cracking
Sowing.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, climatic chamber can provide the condition of constant temperature and humidity for seed, be conducive into
One step shortens the germination period, improves germination quality.
In conclusion advantageous effects of the invention are as follows:
1. germinating energy is more preferable it is found through experiment that the seed in the fruit of physiological maturity is selected to be sowed, germination percentage is also more
It is high.The fruit of physiological maturity at least shifts to an earlier date 7 days relative to the fruit in commodity maturity period, and then can early pick, planting early enough, has
Conducive to the maintenance cost for saving fruit, later period germinating energy is more preferable, is conducive to concentrate nursery, is conducive to the sowing maintenance for saving the later period
Cost and cost of land produce very positive effect from the angle of agricultural production, have very big commercial value.This Shen
The conclusion of this conclusion and Traditional Textbooks please be it is inconsistent, the introduction in Traditional Textbooks is the sufficiently mature kind of selection
Son, the i.e. seed of the fruit in selection later period in commodity maturity period.
2. the seedlings nursing plate for covering film is placed in sun-drenched place, using luminous energy, the ratio for keeping the soil moisture
It is higher, then cooperate the water retention property of film, the environment of high temperature and humidity is formed, germination progress can be accelerated, shortens the germination period, mentions
High germination quality, also takes full advantage of luminous energy, is conducive to energy saving.Although passion fruit seed does not like sunlight, due to table
Face is covered with soil, and sunlight irradiates the germination that will not influence passion fruit seed, and cotyledon needs to carry out photosynthesis after germination, positive
It can faster itself supplement the nutrients after light irradiation, the health conducive to passion fruit bud is grown up strong and sturdy.
3. environment temperature and humidity are very big on the influence of the germination of berry, temperature is relatively high, and humidity is relatively
When big, the more conducively germination of berry seed.Climatic chamber can provide the condition of constant temperature and humidity for seed, be conducive to further
Shorten the germination period, improves germination quality.
4. plain boiled water tongue fur peat good water-retaining property, perlite good permeability, such water-retaining property and gas permeability are all very through experimental test
Good, germinating energy is good, and germination is neat.Applied to the present invention, enough moisture can be provided to seed, germinating energy is more preferable, and will not
Excess moisture causes rotting for seedling, and seedling early growth is also more preferable after germination, and later period transplanting is also very convenient.
5. seed propagation method through the invention, the time for cultivating seed is shorter, and germination percentage and germinating energy are all very
It is good, yield can be increased, loss is reduced, the time of seed propagation can also be saved.The maturation time in later period is also relatively uniform, just
It is harvested in unified.
Specific embodiment
Germination percentage: refer to that test germination number accounts for the percentage of test seed sum.Germination percentage is detection seed quality
One of important indicator usually calculates sowing quantity according to this in agricultural production.
Germinating energy: refer to test seed speed of germination and uniformity, expression way be calculate seed since germination to
The percentage of chitting piece number point test seed sum in germination peak period.Its numerical value is bigger, and germinating energy is stronger.It is also inspection
Survey one of the important indicator of seed quality.
Crop seeds, germination percentage is high, germinating energy is strong, implies fast and neat, robust seedling of emerging；If germination percentage is high, germination
Gesture is weak, implies that uneven emergence, weak seedling are more.
Gibberellin is the Plant Hormone being widely present.Chemical structure belongs to Diterpenes acid, by four ring skeletons derivative
?.Gibberellin can promote germination, plant growth and bloom ahead of time.
The pulp of seed and colloid are cleaned out before sowing, otherwise pulp and colloid rot later under seed kind
Seed can be allowed to interfere germ, also easily snake, seriously affects the germination percentage of seed, even if can germinate, is infected by germ
After germination, germ spore can be propagated, and then will affect the seedling on periphery, cause large area morbidity or dead.It will before sowing
Seed is handled with some fungicide, can play certain relaxation effect, but these fungicide have certain efficacy time,
Etc. drug effects cross, the pulp on seed will continue to rot, and can still infect seed, therefore have to before sowing by the pulp of seed
It is cleaned out with colloid.
Seed still floats on the surface after removing pulp, illustrates that its is light-weight, and insatiable hunger is real, it is likely to unsound.Perhaps
There are some seeds seemed with health and is no different shape, but the inside has been damaged in fact, as long as light pressure will be broken.These are not
The seed of health, if plantation reluctantly, it is more likely that cannot not only germinate growth, and the kind of other health rotten can be also influenced in mud
Son.Therefore, Yao Tiqian gives up, and could promote the success rate of germination.
Fruit maturity is roughly divided into following three periods, growth period, physiological maturity and commodity maturity period.It is wherein mature
Phase fruit color changes according to maturity difference.By taking passion fruit as an example, physiological maturity is from 65-70 after pollination of blooming
It, fruit appearance becomes light yellow by green；Probably 3-5 days, fruit appearance color burn, by physiological maturity enter commodity at
The ripe phase；If the color of yellow passion fruit is further deepened, become more yellow；Purple passion fruit becomes light red from light yellow, after
3-5 days, then gradually become purple；Aubergine passion fruit becomes light red from light yellow, after 3-5 days, then gradually becomes purplish red
Color.
The growth period pericarp of pomegranate fruit is also green, has entered physiological maturity when pericarp becomes yellow from green,
Over time, yellow becomes light red, into the commodity maturity period, eventually becomes complete red.
Berry seed seed propagation method, comprising the following steps:
S1 seed selection selects the seed of the fruit of physiological maturity, and the colloid of the pulp of the surface of the seed is separated completely；
S2 sowing, the seed in S1 is uniformly seeded in matrix, and keeps the wet of soil；From plantation to seed germination and seedling raise
During environment temperature be maintained at 20-40 DEG C.
Further, environment temperature is maintained at 35-40 DEG C in S2, and humidity is 90% or more.
Further, the soil for broadcasting berry seed is covered with film, seed is broadcast in seedlings nursing plate, and film will be covered
Seedlings nursing plate is placed in sun-drenched place.
Further, the main formula of S2 mesostroma is plain boiled water tongue fur peat, also includes perlite, and plain boiled water tongue fur peat and treasure
The weight ratio of Zhu Yan is 4:1, and the pH value of S2 mesostroma is 5.8-6.0.
Further, S2 mesostroma also includes addition fertilizer, and the content for adding fertilizer is 1.0kg/m3, add N P and K in fertilizer
Weight ratio is 14:10:18.
Further, seed obtained in S1 is put into climatic chamber, is sowed again after seed coat cracking.
In numerous berries, the kind skin of passion fruit is most hard most one of thick, the mode germination percentage of passion fruit seed sowing
It is relatively low, therefore select the conclusion of proof the application for passion fruit.
By taking passion fruit as an example, below in conjunction with table and embodiment, invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Seed propagation method, S1 seed selection, selection enter the fruit in physiological maturity 2 days, the coat color of fruit from growth period
It is light yellow.Passion fruit fruit is opened, required seed is all concentrated, pearl is added into the seed for be coated with pulp.
By in S1 seed and perlite mix after rub；After the pulp separation of the surface of the seed plus water rinses.In S2
Seed is placed on sieve, the aperture of sieve is the 0.8-0.9 of seed particle size.It can be added after adding water rinsing primary unused
The perlite crossed is rubbed, and carries out rinsing until the pulp separation on seed is clean.
S2 vernalization impregnates the seed clear water that passion fruit method for treating seeds obtains in above scheme 2 days, soaking process
In change daily water 1 time, rub seed when changing water every time, be subject to the surface of the seed colloid removal it is clean.
The seed use that sowing will obtain after vernalization is broadcasted sowing mode and is uniformly seeded in matrix, then covers one layer of 1.5-
The sowing soil of 1.6cm thickness, and the wet of soil is kept, environment temperature is maintained at 20-25 DEG C.
Wherein sowing media uses plain boiled water tongue fur peat: perlite=4:1 weight ratio is prepared.Plain boiled water tongue fur mud in the present embodiment
Charcoal uses the TS1 cultivation medium of Lithuania's import, and wherein pH value is 5.8, also adds containing for fertilizer comprising addition fertilizer in cultivation medium
Amount is 1.0kg/m3, the weight ratio for adding N P and K in fertilizer is 14:10:18, and cultivation medium moisture content is 9.7%, conductivity
Value is 0.9dS/m.Plain boiled water tongue fur peat good water-retaining property, perlite good permeability, such water-retaining property and gas permeability are all fine, germinating energy
Good, germination is neat, and above-mentioned sowing media is more loose, and the later period is also very convenient to kind of transplantation of seedlings.
Such as pectic substance does not remove completely in S2, again can also steep one day more, not bright to subsequent germination percentage and germinating energy
Development is rung.
Perlite quality is harder, and surface is more rougher than the grains of sand, and the removal that can sufficiently rub with passion fruit seed is coated on hundred
Pulp on fragrant fruit seed；Perlite quality is very light, can be suspended in the water surface in water, pour into clear water and rinsed, this
When pulp, perlite, the perlite for being stained with pulp and the seed not being kept completely separate bubble through the water column, pulp is by isolated seed
The bottom is sunken under nature；Perlite is white, and passion fruit seed is black, and the seed with pulp is easy to be found, can be after
It is continuous targetedly to be rubbed, shutter grate is fallen and (outwelled the water on upper layer and solid) after not floating seed on the water surface
The seed separated with pulp is obtained, separation is very convenient, substantially increases separative efficiency, it is not easy to unwashed seed is missed,
Cleaning effect is more preferable, and seed does not allow easy infection germ, is conducive to improve germination percentage and guarantees healthy growth after germination；For some
Shrivelled seed or underproof seed can also keep afloat after removing pulp, also carry out preliminary screening, be conducive to improve
The germination percentage in later period.Perlite is frangible, and bulky grain is easy to be broken into little particle during rubbing, does not have to consider particle size, can
To save the screening link of early period, treatment effeciency is further improved, passion fruit seed will not be damaged.
Comparative example 1
Seed propagation method, embodiment 2 difference from example 1 is that, the seed of rinsed clean is 200mg/L with concentration
Gibberellin processing, impregnate 2 days, changed daily in soaking process water 1 time, seed rubbed when changing water every time, with the glue of the surface of the seed
Subject to matter removal is clean；It is sowed again after finally being cleaned with clear water.
Embodiment 2
Seed propagation method, embodiment 2 difference from example 1 is that, seed selection from physiological maturity enters commodity
The seed of maturity period 3-5 days fruits, fruit are light red.
Comparative example 2
Seed propagation method, comparative example 2 and comparative example 1 the difference is that, seed selection enters commodity from physiological maturity
The seed of maturity period 3-5 days fruits, fruit are light red.
Embodiment 3
Seed propagation method, embodiment 3 difference from example 1 is that, seed select commodity maturity period fruit seed,
Specially passion fruit from light red become aubergine after 3-5 days fruit seed, fruit is aubergine.
Comparative example 3
Seed propagation method, comparative example 3 and comparative example 1 the difference is that, seed selects the seed of commodity maturity period fruit,
Specially passion fruit from light red become aubergine after 3-5 days fruit seed, fruit is aubergine.
Remarks: embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 sows 200 seeds respectively, and keeps other conditions identical.
Since gibberellin is generally possible to promote germination, in actual production, people also commonly use gibberellin processing kind
Son to promote germination, therefore used herein equally handled Some seeds with gibberellin and obtains comparative example 1-3.
Can being clearly seen that embodiment 1 from upper table, just 7 days germination number relative contrast examples 1 are few after bud, but
It is just 21 days and just 30 days after bud 14 days after bud, after first bud, germinative number is all significantly more than comparative example 1, and embodiment 1 is just after bud
30 days germination percentages are also significantly larger than the first bud rate of comparative example 1.Therefore it may be concluded that the physiological maturity handled by gibberellin
The seed of phase fruit cannot not only promote germination, will affect the germination of seed instead, keep speed of germination slack-off, therefore use
The seed of physiological maturity fruit should not be handled with gibberellin.
Similarly the germination of comparative example 2 and documents 2 is it can be found that the light red fruit handled for gibberellin
Real seed, inner gibberellin processing in 14 days, which has, after first bud promotes germination, but just 21 days and just 30 after bud after bud
It statistics indicate that, reduced by the germination speed that gibberellin is handled, and germination percentage also reduces, therefore light red fruit
Real seed should not also be handled with gibberellin.
The germination of embodiment 3 and documents 3 in upper table is it can be found that the aubergine fruit handled for gibberellin
Seed, by gibberellin handle germination speed faster, germination percentage is also higher, therefore the seed of aubergine fruit is suitable
Preferably handled with gibberellin.
Embodiment 1,2,3 is compared, it can be found that the germination speed of light yellow fruit is greater than light red fruit
Germination speed be greater than the germination speed of aubergine fruit, 30 days germination percentages are also light yellow fruit after first bud
The seed that seed is greater than light red fruit is greater than the seed of aubergine fruit；Therefore it can be concluded that, the light yellow fruit of physiological maturity
Real percentage of seedgermination and germinating energy is above the percentage of seedgermination and germinating energy of the light red fruit in commodity maturity period, commodity at
The percentage of seedgermination and germinating energy of the aubergine fruit of ripe phase are minimum, so, choose lurid fruit acquisition germination effect
Fruit is best.The conclusion of above-mentioned conclusion and Traditional Textbooks be it is inconsistent, the introduction in Traditional Textbooks is that selection is sufficiently mature
Seed, i.e., selection the later period in commodity maturity period fruit seed.
Above-mentioned experiment be by wash seeds it is clean after sow immediately, the present invention has also made another group of parallel laboratory test, will
Seed carries out after-ripening, i.e., by the seed of the light yellow fruit of physiological maturity, the seed of the light red fruit in commodity maturity period and quotient
The wash seeds of the aubergine fruit in product maturity period are completely put into refrigerator and refrigerate one month for 4 DEG C, then every kind is taken out out of refrigerator
The seed of color is divided into two groups, and one group is put in indoor clear water and impregnates 8 days, and keeps changing water daily, another group be put in it is indoor
The gibberellin that concentration is 200mg/L impregnates 48 hours, and keeps changing Gibberellins solution daily, uses clear water after being cleaned later with clear water
Continue to sow the seed after after-ripening after impregnating 6 days, the experimental condition and embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 of sowing are homogeneous
Together the experiment has found that seed germinating time through after-ripening and now adopt the seed germinating time now broadcast and do not have significant change, Er Qiejing
The growing state of the seed of after-ripening, it is identical as the conclusion of upper table, as a result it is still the seed hair of the light yellow fruit of physiological maturity
Bud rate and germinating energy are above the percentage of seedgermination and germinating energy of the light red fruit in commodity maturity period, the commodity maturity period it is purplish red
The percentage of seedgermination and germinating energy of color fruit are minimum；And the seed of the light yellow fruit of physiological maturity should not be at gibberellin
Reason.The conclusion of the application is demonstrated again.
The present invention also studies the thickness of the sowing soil covered when sowing, chooses the light yellow fruit of physiological maturity
Seed be covered on that seed sowing soil thickness is different, and specific thickness see the table below in identical environment and irrigation amount:
| Thickness of earth covering/cm | Tooth deformity ratio/% | 30 days germination percentage/% of first bud | The survival rate of the seedling to sprout after 2 months | |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.5-1.6 | < 1% | 94.5 | > 96% |
| Embodiment 4 | 1.9-2.0 | < 1% | 94.5 | > 96% |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.8-1.0 | > 5% | 94.5 | < 90% |
| Comparative example 5 | 2.5-2.6 | < 1% | <90.0 | > 96% |
Remarks: each embodiment or comparative example select 200 seeds, and first bud rate is the ratio after sprouting 30 days.
After tested and combine the number of upper table it has been found that in identical environment and irrigation amount, when soil cladding thickness
When for 0.8-1.2cm, surface soil humidity is inadequate, and kind shell is more dry, and hardness increases, and the exospers of many seeds can cladding tightly
Cotyledon, cotyledon are difficult brokenly to go out, and form more lopsided bud, and then lopsided bud growth light so also will affect later period passion fruit plant
Growth and passion fruit fruit quality, heavy then lopsided bud can slowly die, the survival rate after seriously affecting germination；Work as soil
When earth cladding thickness is 1.5-2cm, surface soil humidity is good, and kind shell meeting nature falls off, and exosper cladding cotyledon seldom occurs
The ratio of situation, tooth deformity is lower than 1%；When soil cladding thickness is greater than 2cm, soil moisture content successively increases from top to bottom,
Dissolved oxygen amount gradually decreases, and gas permeability also worse and worse, after seed water suction, carries out the vital movement of a series of complex, seed needs
It breathes, obtains energy, just can guarantee being normally carried out for vital movement, when soil is blocked up, oxygen needed for seed is insufficient, just
It will affect the germination percentage of seed.
" passionflower seedling-raising technique " is delivered on " Yunnan heat makees science and technology " within Li Xuerun et al. 1999, seed is disclosed herein
Vernalization is uniformly sprinkling upon seed on vernalization seedbed, covers the thin river sand of one layer of 1-2cm, then the grass of one layer of 5cm of lid, sufficiently irrigates
Water, because surface covers grass, grass and seedling are difficult to separate, therefore the article pointed out and will remove burring and modeling in Seed sprouting
Expect cloth wall, but the water retention property of thin river sand is very poor, seed is easy to water shortage, and kind shell is easy to do, and hardness increases, and cotyledon is difficult brokenly
Out, that is, allowing to brokenly go out, be also easily created lopsided bud, irrigation amount same as the application, lopsided bud ratio is higher by very much,
15% or more, lopsided bud is easy to die during growth, and last kind shoot survival percent is very low, pours if to increase
Waterside number, one side waste water resource, also considerably increases maintenance cost, is unfavorable for promoting.Therefore discomfort shares river sand, less
It is suitble to covering grass.
The present invention also studies passion fruit germination environment temperature, chooses the light yellow fruit of physiological maturity
Seed, being covered on seed sowing soil thickness is 1.5-1.6cm, and irrigation amount is identical.
Remarks: each embodiment selects 200 seeds.Embodiment 7 is to cover film in nursery panel surface, and by nursery
Disk is placed on sun-drenched place.Embodiment 8 is that seed is put into climatic chamber, and adjusting temperature is 40 DEG C, and humidity is
90%, it after crack occurs in seed, then plants in seedlings nursing plate, seedlings nursing plate surface coating, and seedlings nursing plate is placed on sunlight and is filled
The place of foot, night carry out certain temperature-compensating.
As can be seen from the above table, passion fruit germination is slow, and the temperature times that bud occurs different just are also different, environment temperature
Degree will appear just bud for about 4 weeks when being 20-25 DEG C, since the seed sprout time period is too long, bud at the beginning of with batch seed and last bud
Interval time can be up to one month or more；Environment temperature will appear just bud, time opposite shortening for about 2 weeks when being 25-30 DEG C
Half, also faster, germinating energy is more preferable later period speed of germination；When environment temperature is maintained at 30-35 DEG C, it will appear within 8-10 days just
Bud, time further shorten, and germinating energy is also more preferable；When environment temperature is maintained at 35-40 DEG C, germination can shorter, 4-6
It just will appear just bud, and germinating energy is also more preferable, and have sufficient sunlight irradiation in embodiment 7, immediately can be with after germination
Carry out photosynthesis, seedling early growth it is also more preferable；Embodiment 8, seed is put into climatic chamber, and adjusting temperature is 40 DEG C,
Humidity is that will appear within 90%, 3-4 days just bud, and germination percentage and germinating energy are all very good.
Embodiment 9
Seed propagation method, embodiment 9 and embodiment 6 the difference is that, be not added with perlite in sowing soil.Using implementation
After planting just 30 days germination percentages of bud are 93.7% to the seed propagation method of example 9, are declined relative to embodiment 7, because broadcasting
The gas permeability decline of kind soil, oxygen needed for seed breathing are inadequate.
Embodiment 10
Seed propagation method, embodiment 10 and embodiment 6 the difference is that, plain boiled water tongue fur peat and perlite in sowing soil
Weight ratio is 2:1, and using the seed propagation method of embodiment 10, after planting just 30 days germination percentages of bud are 94.1%, wherein lopsided
Bud increases by 1%, is declined relative to embodiment 7, because of the water-retaining property decline of sowing soil, under same water, seed can
The moisture of absorption is reduced, and first bud mutation is slow, and lopsided bud easy to form.
Comparative example 6
Seed propagation method, comparative example 6 and embodiment 6 the difference is that, sowing soil replaces with thin river sand, using comparative example
After planting just 30 days germination percentages of bud are lower than 80% to 6 seed propagation method, and wherein the ratio of lopsided bud is greater than 20%, two months
Lopsided bud almost all is died afterwards.
Comparative example 7
Seed propagation method, comparative example 7 and embodiment 7 the difference is that, the seed for being coated with pulp is rubbed with coarse sand,
Cleaned again with clear water and choose clean seed, if using and embodiment 7 similarly rub, clean, select clean seed when
Between, then obtained seed at least has dropped 50%；The seed kind that pulp is not kept completely separate by we below is being sowed in soil,
His condition is same as Example 7, the survival rate of the seedling to sprout after 10 days germination percentages are lower than 75%, 2 months after first bud less than 50%,
And the survival rate of the seedling to sprout after 2 months in embodiment 7 is greater than 95%, therefore should be apparent that seed cleans up early period
Importance.
Environment temperature above is mainly reached by room temperature, season when only testing and time difference, this
Have that half a year is more the sowing time of each group embodiment and comparative example of applicant, is more bonded actual conditions, obtained conclusion in this way
It is more acurrate, convenient for promoting.
The embodiment of present embodiment is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not limits protection of the invention according to this
Range, therefore: the equivalence changes that all structures under this invention, shape, principle are done, should all be covered by protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (9)
1. berry seed seed propagation method, characterized in that the following steps are included:
S1 seed selection selects the seed of the fruit of physiological maturity, and the colloid of the pulp of the surface of the seed is separated completely；
S2 sowing, the seed in S1 is uniformly seeded in matrix, and keeps the wet of soil；It is educated from plantation to germination
Environment temperature is maintained at 20-40 DEG C during seedling.
2. berry seed seed propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that environment temperature is maintained at 35- in S2
40 DEG C, humidity is 90% or more.
3. berry seed seed propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that use the soil for broadcasting berry seed
Film covering.
4. berry seed seed propagation method according to claim 3, characterized in that seed is broadcast in seedlings nursing plate, will be covered
The seedlings nursing plate of lid film is placed in sun-drenched place.
5. berry seed seed propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the main formula of S2 mesostroma is white
Sphagna peat.
6. berry seed seed propagation method according to claim 5, characterized in that S2 mesostroma also includes perlite,
And the weight ratio of plain boiled water tongue fur peat and perlite is 4:1.
7. berry seed seed propagation method according to claim 5, characterized in that the pH value of S2 mesostroma is 5.8-
6.0。
8. berry seed seed propagation method according to claim 5, characterized in that S2 mesostroma also includes addition fertilizer,
The content of addition fertilizer is 1.0kg/m3, the weight ratio for adding N P and K in fertilizer is 14:10:18.
9. berry seed seed propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that seed obtained in S1 is put into perseverance
In constant temperature and humidity case, sowed again after seed coat cracking.
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| CN110012829A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-16 | 深圳市方森园林花卉有限公司 | Malus spectabilis flower seed seed propagation method |
| CN112293235A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-02 | 十堰市经济作物研究所 | Method for cultivating mulberry bud vegetables |
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