CN107278564A - Organic bright red mandarin orange and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping - Google Patents
Organic bright red mandarin orange and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping Download PDFInfo
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- CN107278564A CN107278564A CN201710519719.XA CN201710519719A CN107278564A CN 107278564 A CN107278564 A CN 107278564A CN 201710519719 A CN201710519719 A CN 201710519719A CN 107278564 A CN107278564 A CN 107278564A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of organic bright red mandarin orange and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, this method includes selection of land, site preparation, plantation, field management and harvest step, and the plantation is：The bright red mandarin orange plant plantation of growth selection health, line space is 2~3m, and column pitch is 1.5~2.2m；Selection grain is big, the pea seed of no disease and pests harm sows one or two rows between every two row of bright red mandarin orange plant, and line space is 30~50cm, and hill spacing is 10~20cm, per 1~3, cave kind；Pea seed is seeded in bright red mandarin orange plant and starts mid-February annual after bearing fruit to early March progress.Implantation methods of the present invention can in space, photo-thermal water and land resource are made full use of on the time, be conducive to improving the sight of planting site, the development of amusement and travel industry is driven, promotes the adjustment of agricultural structure, the bright red mandarin orange of output and pea health are natural, best in quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technical field, the side of more particularly to a kind of organic bright red mandarin orange and pea spacing sleeve cropping
Method.
Background technology
Bright red mandarin orange, also known as citrus reticulata"Chachi”, originate in Guangdong Jiangmen Xinhui District, are the raw material for the dried orange peel having won fame both at home and abroad.It is bright red
Mandarin orange tree vigo(u)r is strong, and tree crown is opened a business, and relatively downgrades, and the close raw soft hair tip power of branch is strong, and preferably, the waterlogging-resistant ability of drought resisting is inferior to red winter resistance
After Pishan tangerine, arid, lasting high yield, tree vigo(u)r is easier to decline, and the spring tip is thinner and more delicate, and summer, autumn growth are firmly straight, blade oblong or ellipse
Shape, spring, summer, autumn growth can turn into bearing basal shoot, be easier into flower, mid or late March is bloomed, and flower amount is general, to have based on leaf single flower,
Fruit mid or late October starts coloring, and mid or late November to December, early and middle ten dayses were ripe.
Pea, is that pulse family Pisum is annual or biennial climbing herb plant, the pea of circle body is also known as honey pea or honey
Beans, the pea of flat body is referred to as green soya bean or garden pea.Pea originates from Mediterranean and the band of West Asia one, present throughout world various regions, base
It can be planted in the four seasons on this, date of seeding is flexible.Pea is a kind of common bean food, and its seed taste is fresh and sweet, can individually cook
It can arrange in pairs or groups and cook with other food materials, can also make can and eat.Pea seed can be made into the leisure food such as Steamed Pea Flour Cake, pea cake,
Cauline leaf also is used as animal feeding-stuff.Because flower is beautiful, pea can also be used as ornamental plant.
Bright red mandarin orange, which generally concentrates, to be planted in levee-surrounded field area, hillside or orchard, but because kinds of planting is single, is unfavorable in sky
Between, abundant intensive utilization photo-thermal water resource on the time, land utilization ratio is high.Moreover, the bright red mandarin orange of plantation gained is finally mainly used
Make production dried orange peel, the sight of bright red mandarin orange is not high in whole crop cycle, the edible time is supplied after fruit maturation short, it is impossible to band
The development of the amusement and travel industry such as dynamic Peasants Joy, is unfavorable for the adjustment of agricultural structure, the economic benefit created is limited.Mesh
Before, not yet there is the relevant report of bright red mandarin orange and pea spacing sleeve cropping technology.In addition, planting bright red mandarin orange uses chemical fertilizer, to environment not
Close friend, the fruit quality of output is poor.
The content of the invention
, can be in sky it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of method of organic bright red mandarin orange and pea spacing sleeve cropping based on this
Between, photo-thermal water and land resource are made full use of on the time, be conducive to improve planting site sight, drive amusement and travel industry hair
Exhibition, promotes the adjustment of agricultural structure.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of organic bright red mandarin orange and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, including selection of land, site preparation, plantation, field management and harvest
Step,
The plantation is：Growth selection health bright red mandarin orange plant plantation, line space be 3~5m, column pitch be 1.5~
2.2m；Selection grain is big, the pea seed of no disease and pests harm sows one or two rows between every two row of bright red mandarin orange plant, and line space is 30
~50cm, hill spacing is 10~20cm, per 1~3, cave kind；Pea seed is seeded in bright red mandarin orange plant and starts after bearing fruit annual 1
The last ten-days period to the early Febuary moon is carried out；
The field management is：To bright red mandarin orange plant application of organic fertilizers, within the growth period to florescence of bright red mandarin orange monthly
Apply organic fertilizer 2~3 times, within the phase of bearing fruit to fruit development period, monthly apply organic fertilizer 1~2 time；Organic is applied to pea
Fertilizer, treats that pea seedling all sprouts after-applied organic fertilizer 1 time, when pea seedlings length is to 15~20cm, plugs support, draws climing restocking；Day
Common aqueous management often is carried out to planting site；The organic fertilizer is consisted of the following composition by weight：30~45 parts of chicken manure, biogas residue
10~20 parts, 18~25 parts of urea, 5~10 parts of chitosan, 5~10 parts of edible fungi residues, 5~10 parts of potassium sulfate and borax 5~10
Part.
Implantation methods of the present invention are by bright red mandarin orange and pea spacing sleeve cropping, compared to individually planting bright red mandarin orange, the party
Method can in space, photo-thermal water and land resource are made full use of on the time, raise the multiple-cropping index and economic benefit.Bright red mandarin orange is sub- heat
Band evergreen fruit trees, it is desirable to plant that overground part soil is shady and cool, moistening, planting site underlying soil is fertile, moistening, loose, and pea is not
Preferably grow, typically planted in relatively shallower soil layer in high temperature environments, can effectively maintain to plant the moisture in overground part soil,
The illumination between bright red mandarin orange plant can also be made full use of, its well developed root system can make planting site underlying soil keep moistening, loose, also
Energy fixed nitrogen, both plant jointly can keep upper soll layer cool place, moistening, therefore be conducive to both grow.
Secondly, by rationally designing the plantation distance of bright red mandarin orange and pea, plant growth is on the one hand conducive to, on the other hand
The work such as facilitate peasant household to be irrigated, harvest, and by applying fertilizer in good time, bright red mandarin orange and pea growth hair can be effectively facilitated
Educate, it is ensured that the quality of agricultural product, bright red mandarin orange and pea can be applied fertilizer simultaneously, reduce fertilizer application frequency.
Furthermore, present invention fertilising uses organic fertilizer, and without hormone, the pollution to ecological environment is small, energy improved soil, prevents
Only soil hardening, improves the rhizosphere microorganism group of plant, improves the resistant to diseases and insects of plant, moreover it is possible to effectively handle rural area animal dung
Just plant etc., is discarded.The bright red mandarin orange of output and pea quality natural health, it is in good taste.
Moreover, pea is trailing plant, flower is beautiful, and sight is strong, can overcome the disadvantages that the not strong defect of bright red mandarin orange sight, greatly
Red mandarin orange is ripe in mid-November to mid-December, and fruit can make general tea of dried orange peel, mandarin orange etc., and pea is opened for after planting about 50~60 days
Flower, the beanpod born, which can make dish, pea seed, can make leisure food, therefore arrive pea pods mature in bright red mandarin orange maturation
In a period of, planting site is available for visitor to admire, and promotes the tourism developments such as Peasants Joy.
Further, in the field management step, the organic fertilizer is made up of following component by weight：Chicken manure 40~
45 parts, 15~20 parts of biogas residue, 18~22 parts of urea, 5~7 parts of chitosan, 5~7 parts of edible fungi residues, 8~10 parts of potassium sulfate and boron
8~10 parts of sand.The nitrogen content of the organic fertilizer is high, composition is compound, fertilizer efficiency is long, bright red mandarin orange can be provided and pea grow it is required
Major Nutrient material.
Further, the selection of land is：In average temperature of the whole year more than 15 DEG C, 1200~2000mm of average annual rainfall ground
Area's selection below height above sea level 400m, soil layer are deep, soil is that weakly acidic soil is used as planting site.Bright red mandarin orange is subtropical evergreen fruit
Tree, property happiness is warm and is afraid of low temperature, arid, is suitably planted in faintly acid soil, and pea is not tight to temperature, humidity requirement, together
Sample is suitable to plant in faintly acid soil, and the relatively low soil of height above sea level is not susceptible to flood.
Further, the site preparation is：Soil is ploughed shallowly, then applies base manure.
Further, in the site preparation step, the base manure include plant ash and farm manure, the farm manure be excrement or
Planting site soil pH value is in the range of 6.2~6.8 after plant fermentation fertilizer, site preparation, and plant ash can provide the mineral matter needed for plant,
But in alkalescence, surface soil alkalinity can be made to increase and cause nitrogen volatilization, therefore consumption should not be excessive, it is weak acid that soil is maintained all the time
Property.
Further, in the plantation step, selected bright red mandarin orange plant is with lemon, red tangerine, perfume orange or the sour tangerine of switch
For the grafting of stock, this several fruit plant stock and the compatibility of bright red mandarin orange are good, and graft technology is ripe.
Further, in the plantation step, selected pea seed is the garden pea seed of short life, and its plant height is most
Height does not interfere with the sunshine light of bright red mandarin orange plant, can make full use of what is do not blocked by bright red mandarin orange plant yet in 70cm or so
Sunshine.
Further, the field management also includes：Bactericide is sprayed to bright red mandarin orange plant, bright red mandarin orange growth period and
Respectively sprayed in florescence 1 time；Bactericide is sprayed to pea, sprayed in the Seedling Stage of pea 1 time.In pea beanpod and bright red mandarin orange
Fruit carries out sterilization and disinsection before existing, and can reduce influence of the bactericide to beanpod and fruit quality, it is ensured that agricultural product are nuisanceless.
Further, in the field management step, the bactericide by nicotine, Tabasco, chamaejasmine, Benzylpenicillin sodium salt and
Eugenol is constituted, and the bactericide is diluted with water to 300 times of liquid and sprayed.The bactericide is free from environmental pollution to people and animals' small toxicity
And crops, non-toxic residual.
Further, the harvest is：Ripe bright red mandarin orange fruit is harvested annual mid-November to mid-December, in pea
Tofu pudding thank after 8~12 days in harvest beanpod.
Embodiment
A kind of method that the present invention provides organic bright red mandarin orange and pea spacing sleeve cropping, this method specifically includes following steps：
(1) selection of land：In average temperature of the whole year more than 15 DEG C, 1200~2000mm of average annual rainfall area selection height above sea level
Below 400m, soil layer are deep, soil is that weakly acidic soil is used as planting site.
(2) site preparation：Soil is ploughed shallowly, then applies base manure, the base manure includes plant ash and farm manure, the agriculture
Family's fertilizer is that excrement or plant fermentation are fertile, and planting site soil pH value is in the range of 6.2~6.8 after site preparation.
(3) plant：Growth selection health, the bright red mandarin orange grafting that the lemon of well developed root system is stock, in early September to 10
The plantation of the last ten-days period moon, line space is 3.5m, and column pitch is 2m.Selection grain is big, the short raw garden pea seed breaking dormancy of no disease and pests harm
Afterwards, two rows are sowed between every two row of bright red mandarin orange plant, line space is 40cm, and hill spacing is 15cm, per 2, cave kind, depth of planting
For 3~5cm.Garden pea seed is seeded in bright red mandarin orange plant and starts the progress of late January annual after bearing fruit to early Febuary.
(4) field management：
Bright red mandarin orange plant stays 1 20~25cm of terrain clearance branch as trunk in the 1st year of plantation, stays 3 high
Major branch is used as in 10~15cm of trunk branch；After plantation in the 2nd year, 2~3 secondary major branches are cultivated on each major branch；Planting
After kind in the 3rd year, 2~3 side shoots are cultivated on each secondary major branch.In general, bright red mandarin orange can bear fruit or measure after plantation on the 3rd year
Production.When Dutch bean seedlings length is to 15~20cm, support, draws climing restocking, using uniform draws climing in a zigzag are plugged.
To bright red mandarin orange plant application of organic fertilizers, monthly apply organic fertilizer within the growth period to florescence of bright red mandarin orange 2 times, often
Secondary every mu is watered 500kg applications with 5kg organic fertilizers, within the phase of bearing fruit to fruit development period, monthly applies organic fertilizer 2 times, every time
Every mu is watered 600kg applications with 6kg organic fertilizers.To garden pea application of organic fertilizers, treat that garden pea seedling all sprouts after-applied organic fertilizer 1
Secondary, every mu is watered 500kg applications with 5kg organic fertilizers, and the fertilising to bright red mandarin orange and garden pea can be carried out simultaneously.The organic fertilizer is pressed
Parts by weight are consisted of the following composition：45 parts of chicken manure, 16 parts of biogas residue, 20 parts of urea, 5 parts of chitosan, 8 parts of edible fungi residues, potassium sulfate
10 parts and 10 parts of borax.
Bactericide is sprayed to bright red mandarin orange plant, respectively sprayed within the growth period and florescence of bright red mandarin orange 1 time.Garden pea is sprayed
Bactericide is applied, is sprayed in the Seedling Stage of garden pea 1 time.The sterilization and disinfestation of bright red mandarin orange and garden pea can be carried out simultaneously.It is described
Bactericide is by weight percentage by nicotine 17%, Tabasco 38%, chamaejasmine 15%, Benzylpenicillin sodium salt 15% and eugenol 15%
Composition, the bactericide is diluted with water to 300 times of liquid and sprayed.It is daily that common aqueous management is carried out to planting site, using drip irrigation or
Sprinkling irrigation mode maintains soil moderately moistening, the unnecessary weeds of artificial removal.
(5) harvest：Ripe bright red mandarin orange fruit is harvested annual mid-November to mid-December, in after garden pea blossom fall
Beanpod is harvested in 8~12 days in time, it is to avoid the fiber increase of beanpod, quality is deteriorated.It is clear in time after bright red mandarin orange fruit harvesting is finished
Ploughed shallowly except disease pest deadwood, and to soil.After Dutch beanpod harvesting is finished, the support that garden pea rattan is sought connections with is withdrawn, Holland
Beans rattan is used as composting material.
Implement by organic bright red mandarin orange of the present invention and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, bright red mandarin orange plant 3 years after natural seat
Fruit rate is up to more than 4%, 100~120 grams of single fruit weight, and thin skin is smooth, best in quality in orange-yellow or orange red, obtained old
Skin polyoses content receives fruit area for annual every mu and produces organic bright red mandarin orange fruit in more than 7000kg up to 15%, annual every mu of receipts beans
Pod area produces organic Dutch beanpod in more than 800kg, and economic well-being of workers and staff is considerable.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Can not therefore it be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for one of ordinary skill in the art
Say, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the present invention
Scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of organic bright red mandarin orange and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, it is characterised in that：Including selection of land, site preparation, plantation, field pipe
Reason and harvest step,
The plantation is：The bright red mandarin orange plant plantation of growth selection health, line space is 3~5m, and column pitch is 1.5~2.2m；
Selection grain is big, the pea seed of no disease and pests harm sow one or two rows between every two row of bright red mandarin orange plant, line space for 30~
50cm, hill spacing is 10~20cm, per 1~3, cave kind；Pea seed is seeded in bright red mandarin orange plant and starts January annual after bearing fruit
The last ten-days period to early Febuary is carried out；
The field management is：To bright red mandarin orange plant application of organic fertilizers, monthly apply within the growth period to florescence of bright red mandarin orange
Organic fertilizer 2~3 times, within the phase of bearing fruit to fruit development period, monthly applies organic fertilizer 1~2 time；To pea application of organic fertilizers, treat
Pea seedling all sprouts after-applied organic fertilizer 1 time, when pea seedlings length is to 15~20cm, plugs support, draws climing restocking；It is daily to plant
Plant ground and carry out common aqueous management；The organic fertilizer is consisted of the following composition by weight：30~45 parts of chicken manure, biogas residue 10~20
Part, 18~25 parts of urea, 5~10 parts of chitosan, 5~10 parts of edible fungi residues, 5~10 parts of potassium sulfate and 5~10 parts of borax.
2. organic bright red mandarin orange according to claim 1 and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, it is characterised in that：The field pipe
Manage in step, the organic fertilizer is consisted of the following composition by weight：40~45 parts of chicken manure, 15~20 parts of biogas residue, urea 18~
8~10 parts of 22 parts, 5~7 parts of chitosan, 5~7 parts of edible fungi residues, 8~10 parts of potassium sulfate and borax.
3. organic bright red mandarin orange according to claim 2 and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, it is characterised in that：The selection of land
For：It is deep more than area selection below height above sea level 400m, the soil layer of 15 DEG C, 1200~2000mm of average annual rainfall in average temperature of the whole year
Thick, soil is that weakly acidic soil is used as planting site.
4. organic bright red mandarin orange according to claim 2 and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, it is characterised in that：The site preparation
For：Soil is ploughed shallowly, then applies base manure.
5. organic bright red mandarin orange according to claim 4 and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, it is characterised in that：The site preparation step
In rapid, the base manure includes plant ash and farm manure, and the farm manure is planting site soil after excrement or plant fermentation fertilizer, site preparation
PH value is in the range of 6.2~6.8.
6. the method for the organic bright red mandarin orange and pea spacing sleeve cropping according to claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that：Institute
State in plantation step, selected bright red mandarin orange plant is the grafting using lemon, red tangerine, perfume orange or the sour tangerine of switch as stock.
7. organic bright red mandarin orange according to claim 6 and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, it is characterised in that：The plantation step
In rapid, selected pea seed is the garden pea seed of short life.
8. organic bright red mandarin orange according to claim 2 and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, it is characterised in that：The field pipe
Reason also includes：Bactericide is sprayed to bright red mandarin orange plant, respectively sprayed within the growth period and florescence of bright red mandarin orange 1 time；Pea is sprayed
Bactericide is applied, is sprayed in the Seedling Stage of pea 1 time.
9. organic bright red mandarin orange according to claim 8 and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, it is characterised in that：The field pipe
Manage in step, the bactericide is made up of nicotine, Tabasco, chamaejasmine, Benzylpenicillin sodium salt and eugenol, the bactericide water
300 times of liquid are diluted to spray.
10. organic bright red mandarin orange according to claim 7 and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping, it is characterised in that：The harvest
For：Ripe bright red mandarin orange fruit is harvested annual mid-November to mid-December, in harvesting beans in 8~12 days after pea blossom fall
Pod.
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