CA2799209A1 - Electrode materials for magnesium batteries - Google Patents
Electrode materials for magnesium batteries Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2799209A1 CA2799209A1 CA2799209A CA2799209A CA2799209A1 CA 2799209 A1 CA2799209 A1 CA 2799209A1 CA 2799209 A CA2799209 A CA 2799209A CA 2799209 A CA2799209 A CA 2799209A CA 2799209 A1 CA2799209 A1 CA 2799209A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- magnesium
- spinel
- mixtures
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 295
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 218
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002228 NASICON Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000540 VOPO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910020111 MgCr2S4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017666 MgVO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001310 TiP2O7 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910006247 ZrS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017836 MgFe2(PO4)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017678 MgV2(PO4)3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001177 diphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017839 MgFe2(PO4)3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- MHJAJDCZWVHCPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimagnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O MHJAJDCZWVHCPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 25
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229910017925 MgMn2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 11
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 11
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical class CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007039 two-step reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010671 solid-state reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910015400 FeC13 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910017686 MgV2O5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004771 selenides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910016511 CuCr2S4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006138 lithiation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2] IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UWKKBEQZACDEBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC[Mg] Chemical compound CCCC[Mg] UWKKBEQZACDEBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODHFJIDDBSDWNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC[Mg]CCCC Chemical compound CCCC[Mg]CCCC ODHFJIDDBSDWNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003775 Density Functional Theory Methods 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013038 hand mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006713 insertion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021508 nickel(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZYECOAILUNWEAL-NUDFZHEQSA-N (4z)-4-[[2-methoxy-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)phenyl]hydrazinylidene]-n-(3-nitrophenyl)-3-oxonaphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1N\N=C(C1=CC=CC=C1C=1)/C(=O)C=1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 ZYECOAILUNWEAL-NUDFZHEQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKTYXVDYIKIYJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-dioxole Chemical compound C1OOC=C1 XKTYXVDYIKIYJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001149 41xx steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate3- Chemical class [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910019304 CoMn2O6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016516 CuFe2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016514 CuFeO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016526 CuMn2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021576 Iron(III) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020588 KCrO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000757 Li1V2(PO4)3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014549 LiMn204 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003005 LiNiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012970 LiV3O8 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019393 Mg(BF4)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019389 Mg(CF3SO3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019436 Mg(PF6)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020003 Mg1.03Mn0.97SiO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020106 MgCo2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020105 MgCr2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017973 MgNi2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003206 NH4VO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021225 NaCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910008046 SnC14 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910010066 TiC14 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007477 ZnMn2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JWOZORSLWHFOEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[Mg++].[Mn++] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[Mg++].[Mn++] JWOZORSLWHFOEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UINUVOICOPGDCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[V+5].[Mg+2] Chemical class [O-2].[V+5].[Mg+2] UINUVOICOPGDCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PKYVUSHSIVOAAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S-2].[Cr+3].[Cu+2] Chemical compound [S-2].[Cr+3].[Cu+2] PKYVUSHSIVOAAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005263 ab initio calculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000367 ab initio method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001787 chalcogens Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DBULDCSVZCUQIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);trisulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3] DBULDCSVZCUQIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DXKGMXNZSJMWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;oxido(oxo)iron Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][Fe]=O.[O-][Fe]=O DXKGMXNZSJMWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010325 electrochemical charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007716 flux method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NNGHIEIYUJKFQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O NNGHIEIYUJKFQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YPLPZEKZDGQOOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron oxychloride Chemical compound [O][Fe]Cl YPLPZEKZDGQOOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IWCVDCOJSPWGRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;benzene;chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].C1=CC=[C-]C=C1 IWCVDCOJSPWGRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002734 organomagnesium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FEONEKOZSGPOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-K tribromoiron Chemical compound Br[Fe](Br)Br FEONEKOZSGPOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- KHMLINVJSKBGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc chromium(3+) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cr+3].[Zn+2] KHMLINVJSKBGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/46—Alloys based on magnesium or aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/37—Phosphates of heavy metals
- C01B25/372—Phosphates of heavy metals of titanium, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, hafnium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
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- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/38—Condensed phosphates
- C01B25/42—Pyrophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G31/00—Compounds of vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G37/00—Compounds of chromium
- C01G37/006—Compounds containing chromium, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing two or more other elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/12—Complex oxides containing manganese and at least one other metal element
- C01G45/1221—Manganates or manganites with trivalent manganese, tetravalent manganese or mixtures thereof
- C01G45/1235—Manganates or manganites with trivalent manganese, tetravalent manganese or mixtures thereof of the type (Mn2O4)2-, e.g. Li2Mn2O4 or Li2(MxMn2-x)O4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/66—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkaline earth metals, e.g. SrNiO3 or SrNiO2
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- H01M4/581—Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
- H01M4/5815—Sulfides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/20—Two-dimensional structures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
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- C01P2002/32—Three-dimensional structures spinel-type (AB2O4)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US34806810P | 2010-05-25 | 2010-05-25 | |
| US61/348,068 | 2010-05-25 | ||
| PCT/US2011/037951 WO2011150093A1 (en) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Electrode materials for magnesium batteries |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2799209A1 true CA2799209A1 (en) | 2011-12-01 |
Family
ID=45004364
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2799209A Abandoned CA2799209A1 (en) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Electrode materials for magnesium batteries |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20120219856A1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2577780B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2013533577A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20130119333A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN103155235A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2799209A1 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2011150093A1 (enExample) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104143623A (zh) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-11-12 | 宁波职业技术学院 | 一种镁离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (84)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP6188729B2 (ja) | 2012-02-16 | 2017-08-30 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 電気化学マグネシウム電池 |
| US9177721B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2015-11-03 | Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey | Electrochemical devices and methods of fabrication |
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| US20140302354A1 (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-09 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Electrodes for Magnesium Energy Storage Devices |
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| KR102763310B1 (ko) * | 2014-01-28 | 2025-02-07 | 춘셍 왕 | 다전자 수계 전지 |
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| CN104108695B (zh) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | 一种Mg0．5+y(Ni0．5yV0．5yTi1-y)2(PO4)3镁电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
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| CN104112848B (zh) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | 一种Mg0．5+y(Ni0．5yV0．5yTi1-y)2(PO4)3镁电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
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| US11870067B2 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2024-01-09 | The Texas A&M University System | Synthesis of a metastable vanadium pentoxide as a cathode material for ion batteries |
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2011
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- 2011-05-25 CN CN2011800363508A patent/CN103155235A/zh active Pending
- 2011-05-25 JP JP2013512213A patent/JP2013533577A/ja active Pending
- 2011-05-25 WO PCT/US2011/037951 patent/WO2011150093A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-05-25 EP EP11787352.1A patent/EP2577780B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-05-25 KR KR1020127033606A patent/KR20130119333A/ko not_active Ceased
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- 2012-03-02 US US13/410,578 patent/US20120219856A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-03-02 US US13/410,537 patent/US9077032B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104143623A (zh) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-11-12 | 宁波职业技术学院 | 一种镁离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
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| WO2011150093A1 (en) | 2011-12-01 |
| EP2577780B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
| US9077032B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 |
| EP2577780A1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| KR20130119333A (ko) | 2013-10-31 |
| US20120219856A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
| US20120219859A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
| EP2577780A4 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| JP2013533577A (ja) | 2013-08-22 |
| CN103155235A (zh) | 2013-06-12 |
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