CA1203800A - Process for obtaining laxative compounds from senna drug - Google Patents
Process for obtaining laxative compounds from senna drugInfo
- Publication number
- CA1203800A CA1203800A CA000414539A CA414539A CA1203800A CA 1203800 A CA1203800 A CA 1203800A CA 000414539 A CA000414539 A CA 000414539A CA 414539 A CA414539 A CA 414539A CA 1203800 A CA1203800 A CA 1203800A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- process according
- methanol
- extract
- sennosides
- drug
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229940124513 senna glycoside Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 235000006693 Cassia laevigata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000002475 laxative effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000008141 laxative Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 241000735631 Senna pendula Species 0.000 title 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 229930186851 sennoside Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000522641 Senna Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IPQVTOJGNYVQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-10-oxo-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-9h-anthracen-9-yl]-4-hydroxy-10-oxo-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-9h-anthracene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical class OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=C(O)C=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C2C1C2=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C=CC=C21 IPQVTOJGNYVQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- IPQVTOJGNYVQEO-KGFNBKMBSA-N sennoside A Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=C(O)C=C(C(O)=O)C=C1[C@@H]2[C@H]1C2=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C(O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)C=CC=C21 IPQVTOJGNYVQEO-KGFNBKMBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000622 liquid--liquid extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000002032 methanolic fraction Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- 239000013014 purified material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methylbutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)=O SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OVARTBFNCCXQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-one;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(C)=O OVARTBFNCCXQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- BHMLFPOTZYRDKA-IRXDYDNUSA-N (2s)-2-[(s)-(2-iodophenoxy)-phenylmethyl]morpholine Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1O[C@@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)[C@H]1OCCNC1 BHMLFPOTZYRDKA-IRXDYDNUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MBEVSMZJMIQVBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=NCO MBEVSMZJMIQVBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100353161 Drosophila melanogaster prel gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100409194 Rattus norvegicus Ppargc1b gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-VIFPVBQESA-N methamphetamine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- VLXSIHLNPYRFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane;methanol Chemical compound OC.C1COCCO1 VLXSIHLNPYRFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYUXDXWXTPSAEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane;oxolane Chemical compound C1CCOC1.C1COCCO1 JYUXDXWXTPSAEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-heptanone Chemical compound CCCC(=O)CCC HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZFMOKQJFYMBGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-TEMPO Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(O)CC(C)(C)N1[O] UZFMOKQJFYMBGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007681 Catha edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006696 Catha edulis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000736839 Chara Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000518994 Conta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101100285518 Drosophila melanogaster how gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150078451 Eri2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004366 Glucosidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010056771 Glucosidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150083807 HSD17B10 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100345589 Mus musculus Mical1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007019 Oxalis corniculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016499 Oxalis corniculata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001208007 Procas Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001249696 Senna alexandrina Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N Thermopsosid Natural products O(C)c1c(O)ccc(C=2Oc3c(c(O)cc(O[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O4)c3)C(=O)C=2)c1 GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000534944 Thia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008425 anthrones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002212 flavone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLNWXBAGRTUKKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N metacetamol Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 QLNWXBAGRTUKKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCTVWSOKIJULET-LQDWTQKMSA-M phenoxymethylpenicillin potassium Chemical compound [K+].N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C([O-])=O)(C)C)C(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 HCTVWSOKIJULET-LQDWTQKMSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004366 reverse phase liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000925 very toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
- A61K36/482—Cassia, e.g. golden shower tree
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/10—Laxatives
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3200131.2 | 1982-01-05 | ||
| DE3200131A DE3200131A1 (de) | 1982-01-05 | 1982-01-05 | "verfahren zur gewinnung von laxativen verbindungen aus sennadroge" |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1203800A true CA1203800A (en) | 1986-04-29 |
Family
ID=6152636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000414539A Expired CA1203800A (en) | 1982-01-05 | 1982-10-29 | Process for obtaining laxative compounds from senna drug |
Country Status (27)
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4120989C2 (de) * | 1991-06-25 | 1995-07-27 | Madaus Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Diacetylrhein |
| US5710260A (en) * | 1991-06-25 | 1998-01-20 | Madaus Ag | Method of extracting sennosides A, B and A1 |
| DE4120991A1 (de) * | 1991-06-25 | 1993-01-07 | Madaus Ag | Verfahren zur gewinnung der sennoside a, b und a1 |
| DE4120990C2 (de) * | 1991-06-25 | 1995-07-27 | Madaus Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Diacetylrhein |
| JP5449710B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-11 | 2014-03-19 | 株式会社ブルックスホールディングス | 機能性食品素材 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB744876A (en) * | 1953-10-27 | 1956-02-15 | Westminster Lab Ltd | Process for extracting the active principles from senna |
| GB804232A (en) * | 1956-01-09 | 1958-11-12 | Byk Gulden Lomberg Chem Fab | Improvements in or relating to the production of sennosides from folia sennae or folliculi sennae |
| DE1032888B (de) * | 1956-01-09 | 1958-06-26 | Byk Gulden Lomberg Chem Fab | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von die natuerlichen Sennosidsalze enthaltenden Wirkstoffen aus Sennesdrogen |
| GB832017A (en) * | 1957-10-02 | 1960-04-06 | Westminster Lab Ltd | Senna preparations |
| DE1158211B (de) * | 1961-09-02 | 1963-11-28 | Ludwig Heumann & Co Chemisch P | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Trockenpulvern mit Wirkstoffen der Sennesblaetter oder-schoten |
| US3364113A (en) * | 1962-04-23 | 1968-01-16 | Westminster Lab Ltd | Senna preparations and methods of making and using them |
| FR1490738A (fr) * | 1966-06-24 | 1967-08-04 | Ile De Rech Pharmaceutiqje Et | Procédé d'extraction de dérivés anthracéniques contenus dans certaines plantes |
| DE1617667B1 (de) * | 1966-09-08 | 1970-09-03 | Nattermann A & Cie | Verfahren zur Gewinnung eines sennosideichen Wirkstoffkonzentrates aus Sennesschoten |
| FR1536622A (fr) * | 1966-09-08 | 1968-08-16 | Nattermann & Compagnie A | Procédé pour la production d'un concentré de substance active riche en sennacidesavec des follicules de séné |
| JPS5936604B2 (ja) * | 1975-07-18 | 1984-09-05 | 大日本製薬株式会社 | センノサイド類のカルシウム塩の製造法 |
| FR2422678A1 (fr) * | 1978-04-14 | 1979-11-09 | Synthelabo | Extraction de sennosides |
-
1982
- 1982-01-05 DE DE3200131A patent/DE3200131A1/de active Granted
- 1982-10-20 AR AR291034A patent/AR228690A1/es active
- 1982-10-29 CA CA000414539A patent/CA1203800A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-01 KR KR8204908A patent/KR880000018B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1982-11-01 IL IL67147A patent/IL67147A/xx unknown
- 1982-11-11 AU AU90375/82A patent/AU557773B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-11-22 NL NLAANVRAGE8204533,A patent/NL188680C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-11-24 GB GB08233475A patent/GB2112640B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-30 AT AT0435582A patent/AT376368B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-03 PT PT75934A patent/PT75934B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-06 IE IE2884/82A patent/IE54425B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-15 LU LU84534A patent/LU84534A1/de unknown
- 1982-12-17 DK DK559682A patent/DK169075B1/da active
- 1982-12-27 FI FI824454A patent/FI75992C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-28 JP JP57227837A patent/JPS58131997A/ja active Granted
- 1982-12-28 IT IT25002/82A patent/IT1191156B/it active
- 1982-12-30 SE SE8207515A patent/SE8207515L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-12-30 ZA ZA829570A patent/ZA829570B/xx unknown
- 1982-12-31 YU YU2925/82A patent/YU42829B/xx unknown
- 1982-12-31 CH CH7650/82A patent/CH653339A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-01-04 BE BE0/209848A patent/BE895536A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-01-04 GR GR70202A patent/GR77138B/el unknown
- 1983-01-04 HU HU8318A patent/HU188241B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-01-04 MX MX8310437U patent/MX7121E/es unknown
- 1983-01-05 FR FR8300110A patent/FR2519253B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-06-15 SG SG45385A patent/SG45385G/en unknown
- 1985-11-14 HK HK905/85A patent/HK90585A/xx unknown
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