WO2022045125A1 - 正極活物質及び非水電解質二次電池用正極 - Google Patents

正極活物質及び非水電解質二次電池用正極 Download PDF

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WO2022045125A1
WO2022045125A1 PCT/JP2021/030973 JP2021030973W WO2022045125A1 WO 2022045125 A1 WO2022045125 A1 WO 2022045125A1 JP 2021030973 W JP2021030973 W JP 2021030973W WO 2022045125 A1 WO2022045125 A1 WO 2022045125A1
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particle
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positive electrode
moles
active material
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
健人 以西
謙一 小林
潔人 池端
公一 住若
勇人 石橋
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Nichia Corp
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Nichia Corp
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Priority to JP2022544620A priority Critical patent/JP7737021B2/ja
Priority to US18/043,014 priority patent/US12548764B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a positive electrode active material and a positive electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
  • a lithium transition metal composite oxide such as lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, and lithium nickel cobalt manganate is used as the positive electrode active material of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
  • Various studies have been conducted on improving the characteristics of the positive electrode active material, and it is known that the lithium nickel-based composite oxide having a higher nickel ratio instead of cobalt, which is a rare resource, has a high charge / discharge capacity per unit weight. ing.
  • International Publication No. 2018/043190 describes that the nickel-containing lithium transition metal oxide has a higher DC resistance value as the nickel content increases.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-228466 LiNi 0.4 Co 0.5 Mn 0. It is described that a lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide represented by 1 O 2 is mixed to reduce the resistance in the low SOC (State of Charge) region.
  • One aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a positive electrode active material and a positive electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, which suppresses a decrease in discharge capacity while improving an output in a low SOC region.
  • the first aspect is a first lithium transition metal composite oxide having a layered structure in which the ratio of the number of particles of nickel to the total number of particles of metals other than lithium in the composition is 0.7 or more and less than 1. It has a layered structure and a second particle made of a second lithium transition metal composite oxide having a volume average particle size smaller than the volume average particle size of the first particle and having a layered structure, and has a layered structure thereof.
  • the ratio of the number of particles of nickel to the total number of particles of metals other than lithium is 0.4 or more and 0.6 or less, and the ratio of the number of particles of cobalt to the total number of particles is 0.35 or more and 0.55 or less.
  • It contains a third particle made of a transition metal composite oxide, and the content of the first particle is 60% by mass or more and 100 mass with respect to the total of the first particle, the second particle and the third particle. %, And the content of the third particle is 10% by mass or less with respect to the total of the first particle, the second particle and the third particle.
  • the second aspect is a positive electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery containing the positive electrode active material.
  • a positive electrode active material and a positive electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery while improving the output in a low SOC region and suppressing a decrease in discharge capacity.
  • the content of each component in the composition is the total amount of the plurality of substances present in the composition when a plurality of substances corresponding to each component are present in the composition, unless otherwise specified. means.
  • the upper limit and the lower limit of the numerical range described in the present specification can be arbitrarily selected and combined with the numerical values exemplified as the numerical range.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail. However, the embodiments shown below exemplify the positive electrode active material for embodying the technical idea of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited to the positive electrode active material shown below.
  • the positive positive active material is composed of a first lithium transition metal composite oxide having a layered structure in which the ratio of the number of moles of nickel to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium in its composition is 0.7 or more and less than 1.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of nickel to the total number of moles of the metal other than lithium in the composition is 0.4 or more and 0.6 or less, and the ratio of the number of moles of cobalt to the total number of moles of the metal other than lithium is 0.35 or more.
  • It contains a third particle made of a third lithium transition metal composite oxide of 0.55 or less.
  • the content of the first particle is 60% by mass or more and less than 100% by mass with respect to the total of the first particle, the second particle and the third particle, and the content of the third particle is the first particle and the second particle. It is 10% by mass or less with respect to the total of the particles and the third particle.
  • the charge / discharge capacity may decrease as the third particles are mixed.
  • the proportion of the first particles having a slow lithium ion insertion rate increases in the low SOC region. Therefore, even though the third particles are mixed, it tends to be difficult to obtain the effect of improving the output in the low SOC region.
  • the second particle smaller than the first particle is the lithium ion between the first particle and the third particle.
  • the content of the first particles contained in the positive electrode active material is 60% by mass or more and less than 100% by mass, preferably 65% by mass or more, based on the total of the first particles, the second particles and the third particles. It is 95% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less, and further preferably 75% by mass or more and 85% by mass or less.
  • the ratio of the first particles is within the above range, the charge / discharge capacity tends to be good, and the output in the low SOC region tends to be improved.
  • the content of the second particles contained in the positive electrode active material may be 1% by mass or more and less than 30% by mass, preferably 2% by mass, based on the total of the first particles, the second particles and the third particles. It is 20% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, further preferably 8% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, and 12% by mass or more and 19% by mass or less.
  • the ratio of the second particles is within the above range, the output in the low SOC region can be improved more efficiently while suppressing the decrease in the charge / discharge capacity.
  • the content of the third particle contained in the positive electrode active material is 10% by mass or less, preferably larger than 0% by mass and 10% by mass, based on the total of the first particle, the second particle and the third particle. Less than, more preferably 1% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less, still more preferably 2% by mass or more and 6% by mass or less.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of nickel to the total number of moles of metal other than lithium in the composition of the first particle is 0.7 or more and less than 1
  • the ratio of the third particle is within the above range. This makes it possible to more efficiently improve the output in the low SOC region while suppressing the decrease in charge / discharge capacity.
  • the content of the second particle is preferably 1 to 25 times, more preferably 1.2 to 15 times, and 1.5 to 10 times the mass ratio of the content of the third particle.
  • the following is more preferable, and 2 times or more and 9 times or less are particularly preferable.
  • the content of the first particle is preferably 5 times or more and 80 times or less, more preferably 6 times or more and 50 times or less, and further preferably 10 times or more and 36 times or less with respect to the content of the third particle. ..
  • the charge / discharge capacity tends to be better.
  • the content of the first particle is preferably 2 times or more and 15 times or less, more preferably 2.5 times or more and 12 times or less, and 3.6 times or more and 12 times the content of the second particle. The following is more preferable, and 4 times or more and 6 times or less are particularly preferable.
  • the output in the low SOC region tends to be more easily improved.
  • the first particle is composed of a first lithium transition metal composite oxide having a layered structure.
  • the first particle may be a secondary particle formed by a plurality of primary particles containing the first lithium transition metal composite oxide.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of nickel to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium in the composition of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the first particles is 0.7 or more and less than 1, but preferably 0.7. It is 0.95 or more, and more preferably 0.8 or more and 0.95 or less.
  • the charge / discharge capacity tends to be larger in the positive electrode active material particles containing the first lithium transition metal composite oxide in which the ratio of the number of moles of nickel is within the above range. Further, when the ratio of the number of nickel moles is within the above range, the output improving effect in the low SOC region of the present disclosure tends to be easily obtained even when the mixing amount of the third particles is in the range of 10% by mass or less.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of nickel is within the above range, the decrease in charge / discharge capacity at the time of output improvement in the low SOC region of the present disclosure is further suppressed.
  • the composition of the lithium transition metal composite oxide can be measured, for example, by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrophotometer.
  • the first lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the first particle may contain cobalt in its composition.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of cobalt to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium is, for example, greater than 0 and 0.3 or less. It is preferably 0.02 or more and 0.2 or less, and more preferably 0.02 or more and 0.1 or less.
  • the first lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the first particle may contain at least one of manganese and aluminum.
  • the ratio of the total number of moles of manganese and aluminum to the total number of moles of the non-lithium metal is, for example, greater than 0, preferably 0.01. As mentioned above, it is more preferably 0.05 or more, still more preferably 0.07 or more.
  • the ratio of the total number of moles of manganese and aluminum to the total number of moles of metal elements other than lithium is, for example, 0.3 or less, preferably 0.25 or less, more preferably 0.2 or less, still more preferably 0.15 or less. Is.
  • the ratio of the total number of moles of manganese and aluminum is within the above range, the safety tends to be improved while maintaining a good charge / discharge capacity.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium in the first lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the first particle is, for example, 0.95 or more, preferably 1.0 or more, and more. It is preferably 1.03 or more, more preferably 1.05 or more.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium is, for example, 1.5 or less, preferably 1.3 or less, more preferably 1.25 or less, and further preferably 1.2 or less. ..
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium is 0.95 or more, the output tends to be improved in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the positive electrode active material containing the first lithium transition metal composite oxide.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium is 1.5 or less, the initial discharge capacity when the positive electrode active material is used for the positive electrode tends to improve.
  • the composition of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide is magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum. (Mo), Tungsten (W), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Silicon (Si), Tin (Sn), Bismus (Bi), Gallium (Ga), Tantalum (Y), Zirconium (Sm), Elbium It may contain the element M2 containing at least one selected from the group consisting of (Er), cerium (Ce), neodym (Nd), tantalum (La), cadmium (Cd) and lutetium (Lu), preferably. May contain the element M2 containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Nb, Mo and W.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of the element M2 to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium in the first lithium transition metal composite oxide may be, for example, 0 or more and 0.02 or less, preferably 0.015 or less. good.
  • the first lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the first particle is represented as a composition, for example, a lithium transition metal composite oxide represented by the following formula (1) can be mentioned.
  • the first lithium transition metal composite oxide may have a layered structure and may have a hexagonal crystal structure. Li p1 Ni x1 Coy1 M 1 z1 M 2 w1 O ⁇ 1 (1)
  • x1, y1, z1 and w1 may satisfy 0.7 ⁇ x1 ⁇ 0.95, 0.02 ⁇ y1 ⁇ 0.2, 0.01 ⁇ z1 ⁇ 0.25, 0 ⁇ w1 ⁇ 0.015.
  • p1 may satisfy 1.0 ⁇ p1, 1.03 ⁇ p1, or 1.05 ⁇ p1, and may satisfy p1 ⁇ 1.3, p1 ⁇ 1.25, or p1 ⁇ 1.2. ⁇ 1 may satisfy 1.8 ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2.8.
  • M 1 may contain at least one of Mn and Al.
  • M 2 is derived from Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Cu, Si, Sn, Bi, Ga, Y, Sm, Er, Ce, Nd, La, Cd and Lu. It may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Nb, Mo and W.
  • the volume average particle size of the first particles is, for example, 6 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, preferably 7 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 8 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 25 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the volume average particle size of the first particle is within the above range, the filling property may be improved and the battery characteristics may be further improved when mixed with other particles.
  • the volume average particle size is 50% particle size D 50 corresponding to the cumulative 50% from the small diameter side in the volume-based cumulative particle size distribution.
  • the first particle preferably has a narrow particle size distribution with a single peak.
  • the particle size distribution of the first particle is the ratio of 90% particle size D 90 corresponding to the cumulative 90% from the small diameter side to 10% particle size D 10 corresponding to the cumulative 10% from the small diameter side in the volume-based cumulative particle size distribution.
  • D 90 / D 10 may be, for example, 3 or less, preferably 2.5 or less, 2 or less, 1.8 or less, 1.6 or less, or 1.5 or less.
  • the lower limit of the ratio of the first particles (D 90 / D 10 ) may be, for example, 1 or more, or 1.1 or more.
  • the first particle may contain a compound other than the first lithium transition metal composite oxide, such as a compound containing sodium and a compound containing boron.
  • the content of the compound other than the first lithium transition metal composite oxide may be 0 ppm or more and 12000 ppm or less, 0 ppm or more and 10000 ppm or less, and 0 ppm or more with respect to the first lithium transition metal composite oxide. It may be 8000 ppm or less, and may be 0 ppm or more and 6000 ppm or less.
  • the first particle may have a compound containing boron on its surface.
  • the charge / discharge characteristics and the cycle characteristics tend to be improved.
  • the boron-containing compound examples include lithium metaborate (LiBO 2 ) and the like. Further, the compound containing boron may form a composite with the first lithium transition metal composite oxide.
  • the content of the compound containing boron in the first particle may be 0 ppm or more and 2000 ppm or less, and may be 0 ppm or more and 1500 ppm or less with respect to the first lithium transition metal composite oxide in terms of elemental boron. Further, the content of the compound containing boron in the first particle is, for example, the ratio of the number of moles of the boron element to the total number of moles of the metal other than lithium of the first lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the first particle.
  • the content of boron in the positive electrode active material can be measured, for example, by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrophotometer.
  • the first particle may have a compound containing sodium on the surface of the particle.
  • the compound containing sodium include sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) and the like.
  • the surface of the first particle has a sodium compound, the effect of deposits such as a compound containing boron tends to be further improved.
  • a compound containing boron as an deposit is used, better cycle characteristics can be achieved by applying it to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
  • the first particle is a secondary particle in which a plurality of primary particles containing the first lithium transition metal composite oxide are aggregated, the secondary particle containing the first lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the first particle is used. It is considered that better cycle characteristics can be obtained because boron can be uniformly distributed over the entire grain boundary of the first particle due to the presence of sodium in the grain boundary of the first particle.
  • the second particle is composed of a second lithium transition metal composite oxide having a layered structure, and has a volume average particle size smaller than that of the first particle.
  • the second particle may be a secondary particle formed by a plurality of primary particles containing a second lithium transition metal composite oxide.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of nickel to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium in the composition of the second lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the second particles may be 0.33 or more and less than 1, and is preferably 0. It is 7 or more and less than 1, more preferably 0.7 or more and 0.95 or less, and further preferably 0.8 or more and 0.95 or less.
  • the charge / discharge capacity tends to be larger in the positive electrode active material particles containing the second lithium transition metal composite oxide in which the ratio of the number of moles of nickel is within the above range.
  • the second lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the second particle may contain cobalt in its composition.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of cobalt to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium is, for example, greater than 0 and 0.6 or less. It is preferably 0.01 or more and 0.35 or less, more preferably 0.02 or more and 0.2 or less, and further preferably 0.02 or more and 0.1 or less.
  • the second lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the first particle may contain at least one of manganese and aluminum.
  • the ratio of the total number of moles of manganese and aluminum to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium is, for example, 0 or more, preferably 0 or more. It is large, more preferably 0.01 or more, still more preferably 0.05 or more, and particularly preferably 0.07 or more.
  • the ratio of the total number of moles of manganese and aluminum to the total number of moles of metal elements other than lithium is, for example, 0.6 or less, preferably 0.3 or less, more preferably 0.25 or less, and even more preferably 0. It is 2 or less, particularly preferably 0.15 or less.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium in the second lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the second particle is, for example, 0.95 or more, preferably 1.0 or more, and more. It is preferably 1.03 or more, more preferably 1.05 or more.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium is, for example, 1.5 or less, preferably 1.3 or less, more preferably 1.25 or less, and further preferably 1.2 or less. ..
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium is 0.95 or more, the output tends to be improved in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the positive electrode active material containing the second lithium transition metal composite oxide.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium is 1.5 or less, the initial discharge capacity when the positive electrode active material is used for the positive electrode tends to improve.
  • the composition of the second lithium transition metal composite oxide is Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Cu, Si, Sn, Bi, Ga, Y, Sm, Er, It may contain the element M2 containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Ce, Nd, La, Cd and Lu, preferably selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Nb, Mo and W. It may contain the element M 2 containing at least one of the above.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of the element M 2 to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium in the second lithium transition metal composite oxide may be, for example, 0 or more and 0.02 or less, preferably 0.015 or less. good.
  • the second lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the second particle is represented as a composition
  • a lithium transition metal composite oxide represented by the following formula (2) can be mentioned.
  • the second lithium transition metal composite oxide may have a layered structure and may have a hexagonal crystal structure. Li p2 Ni x2 Coy2 M 1 z2 M 2 w2 O ⁇ 2 (2)
  • x2, y2, z2 and w2 may satisfy 0.33 ⁇ x2 ⁇ 1, 0.01 ⁇ y2 ⁇ 0.35, 0 ⁇ z2 ⁇ 0.6, 0 ⁇ w2 ⁇ 0.02, 0.7.
  • ⁇ x2 ⁇ 1, 0.02 ⁇ y2 ⁇ 0.2, 0.01 ⁇ z2 ⁇ 0.25, 0 ⁇ w2 ⁇ 0.015 may be satisfied, 0.7 ⁇ x2 ⁇ 0.95, 0.02. ⁇ y2 ⁇ 0.2, 0.01 ⁇ z2 ⁇ 0.25, 0 ⁇ w2 ⁇ 0.015 may be satisfied, 0.8 ⁇ x2 ⁇ 0.95, 0.02 ⁇ y2 ⁇ 0.2, 0 , 05 ⁇ z2 ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ w2 ⁇ 0.015, 0.8 ⁇ x2 ⁇ 0.95, 0.02 ⁇ y2 ⁇ 0.1, 0.07 ⁇ z2 ⁇ 0.15 , 0 ⁇ w2 ⁇ 0.015 may be satisfied.
  • p2 may satisfy 1.0 ⁇ p2, 1.03 ⁇ p2, or 1.05 ⁇ p2, and may satisfy p2 ⁇ 1.3, p2 ⁇ 1.25, or p2 ⁇ 1.2. ⁇ 2 may satisfy 1.8 ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ 2.8.
  • M 1 may contain at least one of Mn and Al.
  • M 2 is derived from Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Cu, Si, Sn, Bi, Ga, Y, Sm, Er, Ce, Nd, La, Cd and Lu. It may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Nb, Mo and W.
  • the volume average particle size of the second particles is, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 2 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 9 ⁇ m or less, more preferably less than 8 ⁇ m. , More preferably 7.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the volume average particle size of the second particle is within the above range, the filling property may be improved and the battery characteristics may be further improved when mixed with other particles.
  • the ratio of the volume average particle size of the first particle to the volume average particle size of the second particle may be, for example, 1.3 or more and 10 or less, preferably 1.5 or more, or It may be 1.6 or more, and preferably 6.7 or less, or 2.6 or less.
  • the ratio of the volume average particle diameter is within the above range, the movement of lithium ions between the first particle, the second particle and the third particle tends to be further promoted.
  • the second particle preferably has a narrow particle size distribution with a single peak.
  • the ratio of 90% particle size D 90 to 10% particle size D 10 may be, for example, 3.2 or less, preferably 3 or less, 2.6 or less. Below, it may be 2.4 or less, 2.2 or less, or 2.0 or less.
  • the lower limit of the ratio of the second particles (D 90 / D 10 ) may be, for example, 1 or more, 1.4 or more, or 1.6 or more.
  • the 90% particle size D 90 of the second particle is preferably smaller than the 10% particle size D 10 of the first particle.
  • the second particle may contain a compound other than the second lithium transition metal composite oxide, such as a compound containing sodium and a compound containing boron.
  • the content of the compound other than the second lithium transition metal composite oxide may be 0 ppm or more and 12000 ppm or less, 0 ppm or more and 10000 ppm or less, and 0 ppm or more with respect to the second lithium transition metal composite oxide. It may be 8000 ppm or less, and may be 0 ppm or more and 6000 ppm or less.
  • the second particle may have a compound containing boron on its surface.
  • the charge / discharge characteristics and the cycle characteristics tend to be improved.
  • the boron-containing compound examples include lithium metaborate (LiBO 2 ) and the like.
  • the compound containing boron may form a composite with the second lithium transition metal composite oxide.
  • the content of the compound containing boron in the second particles may be 0 ppm or more and 2000 ppm or less, and may be 0 ppm or more and 1500 ppm or less with respect to the second lithium transition metal composite oxide in terms of elemental boron.
  • the content of the compound containing boron in the second particle is, for example, the ratio of the number of moles of the boron element to the total number of moles of the metal other than lithium of the second lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the second particle. It may be 0.1 mol% or more and 2 mol% or less, preferably 0.1 mol% or more and 1.5 mol% or less.
  • the second particle may have a compound containing sodium on the surface of the particle.
  • the compound containing sodium include sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) and the like.
  • the surface of the second particle has a sodium compound, the effect of deposits such as a compound containing boron tends to be further improved.
  • a compound containing boron as an deposit is used, better cycle characteristics can be achieved by applying it to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
  • the second particle is a secondary particle formed by aggregating a plurality of primary particles containing the second lithium transition metal composite oxide, the secondary particle containing the second lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the second particle. It is considered that better cycle characteristics can be obtained because boron can be uniformly distributed over the entire grain boundary of the second particle due to the presence of sodium in the grain boundary of the second particle.
  • the third particle is composed of a third lithium transition metal composite oxide having a layered structure.
  • the third particle may be a secondary particle formed by a plurality of primary particles containing a third lithium transition metal composite oxide.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of nickel to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium in the composition of the third lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the third particle is 0.4 or more and 0.6 or less, preferably 0. It is 4 or more and less than 0.55, more preferably 0.4 or more and 0.5 or less, and further preferably 0.4 or more and less than 0.5.
  • the charge / discharge capacity tends to be larger in the positive electrode active material particles containing the tertiary lithium transition metal composite oxide having a large ratio of the number of moles of nickel.
  • the third lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the third particle contains cobalt in its composition.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of cobalt to the total number of moles of metal other than lithium is, for example, 0.35 or more and 0.55 or less, preferably larger than 0.35 and 0.5 or less, more preferably. , 0.4 or more and 0.5 or less.
  • the third lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the third particle may contain at least one of manganese and aluminum.
  • the ratio of the total number of moles of manganese and aluminum to the total number of moles of the metal other than lithium is, for example, greater than 0, preferably 0.01.
  • the above is more preferably 0.05 or more.
  • the ratio of the total number of moles of manganese and aluminum to the total number of moles of metal elements other than lithium is, for example, 0.25 or less, preferably 0.2 or less, and more preferably 0.15 or less.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium in the third lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the third particle is, for example, 0.95 or more, preferably 1.0 or more, and more. It is preferably 1.03 or more, more preferably 1.05 or more.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium is, for example, 1.5 or less, preferably 1.3 or less, more preferably 1.25 or less, and further preferably 1.2 or less. ..
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium is 0.95 or more, the output tends to be improved in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the positive electrode active material containing the third lithium transition metal composite oxide.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of lithium is 1.5 or less, the initial discharge capacity when the positive electrode active material is used for the positive electrode tends to improve.
  • the composition of the third lithium transition metal composite oxide is Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Cu, Si, Sn, Bi, Ga, Y, Sm, Er, It may contain the element M2 containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Ce, Nd, La, Cd and Lu, preferably selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Nb, Mo and W. It may contain the element M 2 containing at least one of the above.
  • the ratio of the number of moles of the element M2 to the total number of moles of metals other than lithium in the third lithium transition metal composite oxide may be, for example, 0 or more and 0.02 or less, preferably 0.015 or less. good.
  • the third lithium transition metal composite oxide constituting the third particle is represented as a composition
  • a lithium transition metal composite oxide represented by the following formula (3) can be mentioned.
  • the third lithium transition metal composite oxide may have a layered structure and may have a hexagonal crystal structure. Li p3 Ni x3 Coy3 M 1 z3 M 2 w3 O ⁇ 3 (3)
  • 0.4 ⁇ x3 ⁇ 0.55, 0.35 ⁇ y3 ⁇ 0.5, 0.01 ⁇ z3 ⁇ 0.20, 0 ⁇ w3 ⁇ 0.015, 0.4 ⁇ x3 ⁇ 0 .5, 0.4 ⁇ y3 ⁇ 0.5, 0.05 ⁇ z3 ⁇ 0.15, 0 ⁇ w3 ⁇ 0.015 may be satisfied, 0.4 ⁇ x3 ⁇ 0.5, 0.4 ⁇ y3. ⁇ 0.5, 0.05 ⁇ z3 ⁇ 0.15, 0 ⁇ w3 ⁇ 0.015 may be satisfied.
  • p3 may satisfy 1.0 ⁇ p3, 1.03 ⁇ p3, or 1.05 ⁇ p3, and may satisfy p3 ⁇ 1.3, p3 ⁇ 1.25, or p3 ⁇ 1.2. ⁇ 3 may satisfy 1.8 ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ 2.8.
  • M 1 may contain at least one of Mn and Al.
  • M 2 is derived from Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Cu, Si, Sn, Bi, Ga, Y, Sm, Er, Ce, Nd, La, Cd and Lu. It may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Nb, Mo and W.
  • the volume average particle size of the third particle is, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 2 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 9 ⁇ m or less, more preferably less than 8 ⁇ m. , More preferably 7.5 ⁇ m or less. Further, it is preferable that the volume average particle size of the third particle is smaller than the volume average particle size of the first particle. When the volume average particle size of the third particle is within the above range, the filling property may be improved and the battery characteristics may be further improved when mixed with other particles.
  • the ratio of the volume average particle diameter of the first particle to the volume average particle diameter of the third particle may be, for example, 1.3 or more and 20 or less, preferably 1.5 or more, or It may be 1.6 or more, and preferably 6.7 or less, or 3.6 or less.
  • the ratio of the volume average particle size of the second particle to the volume average particle size of the third particle (second particle / third particle) may be, for example, 0.5 or more and 5.0 or less, preferably 0.7. It may be more than or equal to 1.0 or more, and preferably 3.5 or less or 2.0 or less.
  • the third particle preferably has a single peak particle size distribution.
  • the ratio of 90% particle size D 90 to 10% particle size D 10 may be, for example, 4.2 or less, preferably 4 or less, or 3. It may be 7 or less.
  • the lower limit of the ratio of the third particle (D 90 / D 10 ) may be, for example, 1 or more, 2 or more, 2.8 or more, or 3 or more.
  • the third particle may contain a compound other than the third lithium transition metal composite oxide, such as a compound containing sodium and a compound containing boron.
  • the content of the compound other than the third lithium transition metal composite oxide may be 0 ppm or more and 12000 ppm or less, 0 ppm or more and 10000 ppm or less, and 0 ppm or more with respect to the third lithium transition metal composite oxide. It may be 8000 ppm or less, and may be 0 ppm or more and 6000 ppm or less.
  • Positive electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery A positive electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a positive electrode) is arranged on a current collector and a positive electrode active material, and contains the above-mentioned positive electrode active material. And.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery provided with such a positive electrode can be assumed to have improved charge / discharge capacity and output characteristics in a low SOC region.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is formed by applying a positive electrode composition obtained by mixing the above positive electrode active material, a conductive auxiliary agent, a binder and the like together with a solvent onto a current collector, and performing drying treatment, pressure treatment and the like.
  • a positive electrode composition obtained by mixing the above positive electrode active material, a conductive auxiliary agent, a binder and the like together with a solvent onto a current collector, and performing drying treatment, pressure treatment and the like.
  • the conductive auxiliary agent include carbon materials such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, acetylene black, ketjen black (KB), vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF), carbon nanotube (CNT), and carbon nanofiber (CNF). Can be mentioned.
  • the binder examples include polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, butylene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and polyamide acrylic resin.
  • the solvent examples include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and the like.
  • the positive electrode may further contain a thickener in the positive electrode active material layer.
  • Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes the positive electrode for the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery may be configured to include a negative electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, a non-aqueous electrolyte, a separator, and the like, in addition to the positive electrode for the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte, the separator and the like in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery for example, JP-A-2002-075367, JP-A-2011-146390, JP-A-2006-12433. (These are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety) and the like for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries can be used as appropriate.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present disclosure is not limited to the one using a liquid-based electrolyte, but also includes an all-solid-state lithium battery using a solid electrolyte.
  • the all-solid-state lithium battery for example, those for the all-solid-state lithium battery described in JP-A-2017-016794 can be appropriately used.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present disclosure is not particularly limited in other configurations as long as it contains the above-mentioned positive electrode active material.
  • Example 1 Preparation of positive electrode active material Li 1.05 Ni 0.81 Co 0.05 Mn 0.12 Al 0.02 O 2 (volume average particle size: 9.8 ⁇ m) having a compound containing 1000 ppm boron on the surface as the first particle ) And Li 1.05 Ni 0.81 Co 0.05 Mn 0.12 Al 0.02 O 2 (volume average particle size: 4.4 ⁇ m) having a compound containing 1100 ppm boron on the surface as the second particle.
  • the third particle the third particle A having Li 1.07 Ni 0.45 Co 0.45 Mn 0.10 O 2 (volume average particle size: 3.9 ⁇ m) was prepared. The first particle, the second particle and the third particle were mixed at 80: 17.5: 2.5 (mass ratio) to prepare a positive electrode active material.
  • the first particle, the second particle, the third particle and the positive electrode active material in Example 1 were observed with a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi High Technologies SU8230) at an acceleration voltage of 1.5 kV, and were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). I got the image.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3D The results are shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D.
  • 3A is an SEM image of the first particle
  • FIG. 3B is an SEM image of the second particle
  • FIG. 3C is an SEM image of the third particle
  • FIG. 3D is an SEM image of the positive electrode active material.
  • the first particle 10, the second particle 20, and the third particle 30 are mixed in the positive electrode active material.
  • Example 2 The positive electrode active material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first particle, the second particle and the third particle were mixed at 80: 16.5: 3.5 (mass ratio).
  • Example 3 The positive electrode active material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first particle, the second particle and the third particle were mixed at 80:15: 5 (mass ratio).
  • Example 4 A positive electrode active material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first particle, the second particle, and the third particle were mixed at 80:10:10 (mass ratio).
  • Example 5 Same as Example 1 except that the third particle B having Li 1.07 Ni 0.55 Co 0.35 Mn 0.10 O 2 (volume average particle size: 4.4 ⁇ m) was prepared as the third particle.
  • the positive electrode active material was prepared.
  • a positive electrode active material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only the first particles and the third particles were mixed at an 80:20 (mass ratio).
  • a positive electrode active material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only the first particles and the third particles were mixed at a ratio of 95: 5 (mass ratio).
  • the particle size distribution was measured for the first particle, the second particle and the third particle used above. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Positive Electrode 92 parts by mass of the above positive electrode active material, 3 parts by mass of acetylene black, and 5 parts by mass of PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) are dispersed and dissolved in NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) to form a positive electrode slurry.
  • NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
  • the obtained positive electrode slurry is applied to a current collector made of aluminum foil, dried, and then compression-molded with a roll press machine so that the density of the positive electrode active material layer is 3.3 g / cm 3 , and the size becomes 15 cm 2 . To obtain a positive electrode.
  • Negative Electrode 97.5 parts by mass of artificial graphite, 1.5 parts by mass of CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), and 1.0 part by mass of SBR (styrene butadiene rubber) were dispersed in water to prepare a negative electrode slurry. The obtained negative electrode slurry was applied to a copper foil, dried, and further compression molded to obtain a negative electrode.
  • CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
  • SBR styrene butadiene rubber
  • non-aqueous electrolytic solution EC ethylene carbonate
  • EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
  • LiPF 6 Lithium hexafluorophosphate
  • Table 2 shows the relative resistance value and the relative discharge capacity at SOC 5% in each Example and Comparative Example when the resistance value at SOC 5% of Comparative Example 1 is 1 and the discharge capacity value is 1.
  • Example 3 is further improved in the low SOC region while suppressing the decrease of the discharge capacity as compared with Comparative Example 3. This is considered to be due to the presence of the second particle, which has a smaller volume average particle size than the first particle. It can be seen that in the examples including the first particle, the second particle and the third particle, the output in the low SOC region is improved and the decrease in the discharge capacity is suppressed. Further, in the examples, as the content of the third particle increases, the discharge capacity tends to decrease almost linearly.
  • the degree of improvement with respect to the content tends to be large in the range where the content of the third particle is small, and the degree of improvement with respect to the content tends to be small as the content of the third particle increases. .. From this, by providing the first particle, the second particle, and the third particle and setting the amount of the third particle to a certain amount or less, the effect of improving the output in the low SOC region and the effect of suppressing the decrease in the discharge capacity are obtained. It turns out that more is obtained.

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