WO2021134989A1 - 隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装及加工工艺 - Google Patents
隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装及加工工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021134989A1 WO2021134989A1 PCT/CN2020/086313 CN2020086313W WO2021134989A1 WO 2021134989 A1 WO2021134989 A1 WO 2021134989A1 CN 2020086313 W CN2020086313 W CN 2020086313W WO 2021134989 A1 WO2021134989 A1 WO 2021134989A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
Definitions
- the invention relates to the processing of a diaphragm pump, in particular to a positioning tool and a processing technique for a plunger cylinder and a diaphragm cavity of a diaphragm pump.
- Diaphragm pump is a high-performance liquid medium transmission power equipment used in petrochemical and coal chemical industries.
- the hydraulic end parts of the equipment are composed of plunger cylinder parts, diaphragm chamber parts, and import and export buffer parts.
- Structural parts The structural shapes of the plunger cylinder, the diaphragm chamber, and the inlet and outlet buffer tanks are all long cylindrical parts, with a diameter of about 400mm to 600mm, a length of about 800mm to 1300mm, and both ends of the long cylindrical parts.
- the end is provided with a flange, and the hole system has relative position requirements.
- the plunger cylinder and the diaphragm chamber cavity are provided with another long tube channel communicating with the inner cavity along the radial direction of the cylindrical middle section of the long tube.
- the end of the long tube channel is also provided with a flange, the structure of the entire part is like a large-size three-way piece, and the outer circle dimensions of the flanges connected in the three directions are inconsistent.
- the positioning tool When processing the parts to be processed like three-way parts on a horizontal boring machine, a processing positioning tool must be designed for it.
- the positioning tool usually adopts an integrated V-shaped block positioning method, using the V-shaped surface and the outer circular surface of the bottom of the part. 45° symmetrical busbar positioning, the top also adopts an integrated V-shaped surface and 45° symmetrical busbar positioning and pressing on the outer circular surface of the top of the part.
- the V-block positioning of cylindrical parts adopts one-to-one design of integrated V-block and the outer cylindrical size of the part. This kind of tool positioning one-to-one design method is limited to the size of parts of the same specification, and the scope of application of tooling It is unique and lacks versatility. Therefore, for the manufacture of large-size V-blocks, it will cause waste of tooling manufacturing costs.
- the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of poor versatility of positioning tooling in the prior art, resulting in high manufacturing cost of the tooling, and to provide a positioning tooling and processing technology for the plunger cylinder and the diaphragm cavity of the diaphragm pump.
- the positioning tool of the diaphragm pump plunger cylinder and the diaphragm cavity of the present invention is special in that it includes a front positioning mechanism, a middle positioning mechanism and a rear positioning mechanism arranged in sequence along the axis of the horizontal boring machine spindle;
- the front positioning mechanism and the rear positioning mechanism have the same structure
- the front positioning mechanism includes a first positioning plate, a V-shaped block assembly, and a bracket assembly installed on the worktable of a horizontal boring machine;
- the first positioning plate is provided with a guide groove perpendicular to the direction along the main axis of the horizontal boring machine;
- the V-shaped block assembly includes a lower V-shaped block and an upper V-shaped block;
- the bracket assembly includes a pressure plate seat and support plates arranged on the left and right sides of the pressure plate seat;
- a left-right positioning groove is provided on the lower end surface of the pressure plate seat
- the upper end of the support plate is connected with the pressure plate seat, and the lower end is fixedly installed on the worktable of the horizontal boring machine;
- the lower V-shaped block includes a lower left block and a lower right block that are separated from each other and movably connected to the positioning slot on the first positioning plate;
- the upper V-shaped block includes an upper left block and an upper right block that are separated from each other and movably connected to the positioning groove on the lower end surface of the pressure plate seat;
- the middle positioning mechanism includes a second positioning plate that can be installed on the worktable of a horizontal boring machine, two middle V-shaped blocks and an inclined block;
- the second positioning plate is provided with at least one first positioning groove in the front-rear direction and at least one second positioning groove in the left-right direction;
- the middle V-shaped block includes a left front block and a left rear block that are separated from each other and movably connected to the first positioning groove;
- the inclined block is movably connected with the second positioning groove.
- the upper left block, the upper right block, the lower left block, the lower right block, the front left block, the rear left block, and both sides of the inclined block are provided with connecting pressure plate components;
- the connecting pressure plate assembly includes a vertical plate and a horizontal pressure plate
- the vertical plate is perpendicular to the first positioning plate or the second positioning plate;
- One end of the horizontal pressing plate is overlapped with the upper end of the vertical plate, and the other end is embedded in the side surface of the upper left block, the upper right block, the lower left block, the lower right block, the front left block, the rear left block or the inclined block;
- the middle part of the horizontal pressure plate is provided with a set screw, the head of which is located at the upper end of the horizontal pressure plate, and the screw part passes through the horizontal pressure plate and is threadedly connected to the first positioning plate or the second positioning plate.
- angles between the upper left block, the upper right block, the lower left block, the lower right block, the front left block, the rear left block and the inclined block and the first positioning plate or the second positioning plate are all 45 degrees.
- the present invention also provides a processing technology for the diaphragm pump plunger cylinder and the diaphragm cavity, which is special in that it includes the following steps:
- Step 1) Install the first positioning plate of the front positioning mechanism, the second positioning plate of the middle positioning mechanism, and the first positioning plate of the rear positioning mechanism on the horizontal boring machine table in sequence; the distance between the two first positioning plates Adapt to the length of the parts to be processed;
- Step 2) Install the lower V-shaped block of the front positioning mechanism on the first positioning plate of the front positioning mechanism; install the lower V-shaped block of the rear positioning mechanism on the first positioning plate of the rear positioning mechanism; then install the parts to be processed
- the two ends of the two are respectively erected on the lower V block of the front positioning mechanism and the lower V block of the rear positioning mechanism.
- the distance k1 between the lower left block and the lower right block of the two lower V blocks is adjusted to make the diaphragm pump column
- the first central axis of the plug cylinder and the diaphragm cavity is parallel to the machine tool table;
- Step 3) Install the middle V-shaped block and the inclined block on the second positioning plate; adjust the distance k2 between the left front block and the left rear block of the middle positioning mechanism, so that the diaphragm pump plunger cylinder and the diaphragm cavity are the first 2.
- the plane of the central axis is parallel to the worktable of the machine tool;
- Step 4) Install the bracket components of the front positioning mechanism and the rear positioning mechanism respectively, and then install two upper V-shaped blocks, and press the diaphragm pump plunger cylinder and the diaphragm cavity according to the principle of four-point symmetrical force on the same cylindrical surface;
- Step 5 Use a horizontal boring machine to process the piston cylinder and the diaphragm cavity of the diaphragm pump.
- k1 2*((M 1 N 1 +N 1 F 1 +F 1 C 1 )-(b 1 -2*m 1 ⁇ 2)-e 1 ) in the step 2);
- M 1 N 1 is the left and right width of the upper end surface of the lower left block
- N 1 F 1 is the left side height of the lower left block
- F 1 C 1 is the thickness of the first positioning plate
- b 1 is the distance from the first central axis to the worktable of the machine tool
- e 1 is the left and right width of the lower end surface of the lower left block
- m 1 is the diameter of the circle where ⁇ E is located
- M 2 N 2 is the front and rear width of the upper end surface of the left rear block
- N 2 F 2 is the height of the rear side of the left rear block
- F 2 C 2 is the thickness of the second positioning plate
- b 2 is the distance from the second central axis to the machine tool table
- e 2 is the front and back width of the lower end of the left rear block
- m 2 is the diameter of the circle where ⁇ F is located.
- the lower V-shaped block, the upper V-shaped block and the middle V-shaped block are all arranged in two separate structures, and the lower V-shaped block and the upper V-shaped block are installed on the first positioning groove on the first positioning plate.
- the middle V-shaped block is installed in the second positioning groove on the second positioning plate; the diameters of the three end faces of the parts to be processed are all different in diameters, using the positioning tool of the present invention, only the lower left block and the lower right block need to be adjusted
- the distance between the blocks and the distance between the left front block and the left rear block can realize the positioning of the parts to be processed with any diameter, thereby improving the versatility of the positioning tooling and reducing the manufacturing cost.
- the invention also presses the two ends of the part to be processed through the upper left block and the upper right block on the bracket assembly, and the upper left block, the upper right block, the lower left block and the lower right block work together to clamp the two ends of the part to be processed to make the position further Be qualified.
- Figure 1 is a front view of a positioning tool for diaphragm pump plunger cylinder and diaphragm cavity;
- Figure 2 is a left side view of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a top view of Figure 1;
- Figure 4 is a front view of the part to be processed
- Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of adjusting the distance between the lower left block and the lower right block or the distance between the left front block and the left rear block by calculating k1 or k2.
- 1-Front positioning mechanism 11-first positioning plate, 12-V-shaped block assembly, 121-lower left block, 122-lower right block, 123-upper left block, 124-upper right block, 13-bracket assembly, 131-press plate seat ,132-support plate;
- 2-Middle positioning mechanism 21-Second positioning plate, 211-First positioning slot, 212-Second positioning slot, 221-Left front block, 222-Left rear block, 223-Slanted block;
- the present invention is a positioning tool for the plunger cylinder and the diaphragm cavity of a diaphragm pump. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, it includes a front positioning mechanism 1, a middle positioning mechanism 2 and a rear positioning arranged in sequence along the axis of the horizontal boring machine spindle. Mechanism 3; the front positioning mechanism 1 and the rear positioning mechanism 3 have the same structure;
- the front positioning mechanism 1 includes a first positioning plate 11, a V-shaped block assembly 12, and a bracket assembly 13 installed on a horizontal boring machine table; the first positioning plate 11 is provided with a guide groove perpendicular to the main axis of the horizontal boring machine;
- the V-shaped block assembly 12 includes a lower V-shaped block and an upper V-shaped block;
- the bracket assembly 13 includes a pressure plate seat 131 and support plates 132 arranged on the left and right sides of the pressure plate seat 131; the lower end surface of the pressure plate seat 131 is provided with left-right positioning grooves; On the worktable of a horizontal boring machine;
- the lower V-shaped block includes a lower left block 121 and a lower right block 122 which are separated from each other and movably connected to the positioning groove on the first positioning plate 11;
- the upper left block 123 and the upper right block 124 connected; thus, the height of the two ends of the part to be processed can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the lower left block 121 and the lower right block 122, so that the first central axis 6 is parallel to the machine tool table (
- the first central axis mentioned here is the front and rear central axis of the part to be processed).
- the middle positioning mechanism 2 includes a second positioning plate 21 that can be installed on the worktable of a horizontal boring machine, two middle V-shaped blocks and an inclined block 223; the second positioning plate 21 is provided with at least one first positioning slot 211 in the front-to-rear direction And at least one second positioning groove 212 in the left and right direction; the middle V-shaped block includes a left front block 221 and a left rear block 222 that are separated from each other and movably connected to the first positioning groove 211; adjust the gap between the left front block 221 and the left rear block 222 The distance can make the second central axis 7 parallel to the machine tool table (the second central axis here is the left and right central axis of the part to be processed).
- the inclined block 223 is movably connected with the second positioning slot 212, and is used to support the parts to be processed and make them more stable.
- angles between the upper left block 123, the upper right block 124, the lower left block 121, the lower right block 122, the front left block 221, the rear left block 222, and the inclined surface on the inclined block 223 and the first positioning plate 11 or the second positioning plate 21 are 45 degrees.
- the upper left block 123, the upper right block 124, the lower left block 121, the lower right block 122, the left front block 221, the left rear block 222, and the inclined block 223 are provided with a connecting pressure plate assembly 4 on both sides;
- the connecting pressure plate assembly 4 includes a vertical plate 41 and Horizontal pressing plate 42;
- vertical plate 41 is perpendicular to first positioning plate 11 or second positioning plate 21;
- one end of horizontal pressing plate 42 is overlapped with the upper end of vertical plate 41 and connected vertically, and the other end is embedded in upper left block 123, upper right block 124, and lower left Block 121, right lower block 122, left front block 221, left rear block 222 or inclined block 223;
- the middle part of the horizontal pressure plate 42 is provided with a set screw 43, the head of which is located at the upper end of the horizontal pressure plate 42, and the screw part passes through the horizontal
- the pressing plate 42 is threadedly connected with the first positioning plate 11 or the second positioning plate 21.
- rotating the screw head can realize the pressing and loosening of the horizontal pressing plate 42 to fix or adjust the upper left block 123, upper right block 124, lower left block 121, lower right block 122, front left block 221, rear left block 222 or inclined block 223.
- the design idea of the positioning tooling of the present invention is to use V-block tooling to position the parts using a horizontal boring machine.
- the parts to be processed should be installed in the positioning tooling to meet:
- the parts to be processed do not vibrate during processing.
- the positioning tooling of the present invention adopts a split V-shaped block positioning method.
- the opening size of the split V-shaped block By adjusting the opening size of the split V-shaped block, the positioning of parts of different specifications and sizes is ensured, so that the fixture is universal, and the V-shaped surface and the outer circular surface of the bottom of the part are 45° Symmetrical busbar positioning, the top also adopts the split V-shaped surface and the 45° symmetrical busbar positioning and pressing on the outer circular surface of the top part.
- the purpose of using the split V-block positioning is to meet the requirements of the positioning of parts with different specifications and sizes, so that the designed fixture is universal, and the other is to ensure that the three-way positioning of the "three-way piece" is inconsistent with the outer circle dimensions.
- the size of the opening of the V-shaped block is adjusted to ensure that the center lines of the three positioning outer circles are on the same plane and parallel to the worktable of the machine tool.
- the processing technology of the diaphragm pump plunger cylinder and the diaphragm cavity of the present invention includes the following steps:
- Step 1) Install the first positioning plate of the front positioning mechanism, the second positioning plate of the middle positioning mechanism, and the first positioning plate of the rear positioning mechanism on the horizontal boring machine table in sequence; the distance between the two first positioning plates Fit the length of the part 5 to be processed; correct the first positioning plate of the front and rear positioning mechanism to make it perpendicular to the axis of the machine tool spindle; correct the V-shaped positioning groove in the second positioning plate of the central positioning mechanism to the horizontal
- the axis of the main shaft of the boring machine is parallel; and the first positioning plate of the front and rear positioning mechanism and the second positioning plate of the middle positioning mechanism are fixed on the horizontal boring machine worktable with pressure plates.
- Step 2) Install the lower V-shaped block of the front positioning mechanism on the first positioning plate of the front positioning mechanism; install the lower V-shaped block of the rear positioning mechanism on the first positioning plate of the rear positioning mechanism; then use a dial indicator Correct to the straightness not greater than 0.02; then erect the two ends of the part 5 to be processed on the lower V block of the front positioning mechanism and the lower V block of the rear positioning mechanism, and adjust the lower left blocks of the two lower V blocks respectively
- the distance k1 from the lower right block makes the first central axis of the diaphragm pump plunger cylinder and the diaphragm cavity parallel to the machine tool table;
- Step 3) Install the middle V-shaped block and the inclined block on the second positioning plate; adjust the distance k2 between the left front block and the left rear block of the middle positioning mechanism, so that the diaphragm pump plunger cylinder and the diaphragm cavity are the first 2.
- the plane of the central axis is parallel to the worktable of the machine tool;
- Step 4) Install the bracket components of the front positioning mechanism and the rear positioning mechanism respectively, and then install two upper V-shaped blocks, and press the diaphragm pump plunger cylinder and the diaphragm cavity according to the principle of four-point symmetrical force on the same cylindrical surface;
- Step 5 Using a horizontal boring machine, use two blank outer circles ⁇ E and ⁇ F as the machining reference for the diaphragm chamber cavity, and use the blank outer circle ⁇ A as the machining reference for the plunger cylinder parts to process the diaphragm pump plunger cylinder and Diaphragm cavity.
- the diameter of the positioning circle of the part to be processed is m
- the external dimensions of the movable V-shaped block are all known conditions, which are determined by the dimension a (horizontal boring machine spindle safety dimension )
- the size b can be calculated, and the extension line of the active V-shaped block contour as shown in Figure 5 (shown by the dashed line) can be obtained from the above known conditions to obtain the triangle ABC.
- M 1 N 1 is the left and right width of the upper end surface of the lower left block
- N 1 F 1 is the left side height of the lower left block
- F 1 C 1 is the thickness of the first positioning plate
- b 1 is the distance from the first central axis to the worktable of the machine tool
- e 1 is the left and right width of the lower end surface of the lower left block
- m 1 is the diameter of the circle where ⁇ E is located
- M 2 N 2 is the front and rear width of the upper end surface of the left rear block
- N 2 F 2 is the height of the rear side of the left rear block
- F 2 C 2 is the thickness of the second positioning plate
- b 2 is the distance from the second central axis to the machine tool table
- e 2 is the front and back width of the lower end of the left rear block
- m 2 is the diameter of the circle where ⁇ F is located.
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装及加工工艺，目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的定位工装通用性差，导致工装制造成本高的问题。本发明将下V型块、上V型块及中V型块均设置为相互分开的两个结构，下V型块和上V型块安装于第一定位板上的第一定位槽上，中V型块安装于第二定位板上的第二定位槽内；类似大型三通的待加工零件的三个端面的直径均不同，利用本发明的定位工装，只需调整左下块和右下块之间的距离以及左前块和左后块之间的距离，便可实现任意直径的待加工零件的定位，由此，提高了定位工装的通用性，降低了制作成本。
Description
本发明涉及隔膜泵的加工，具体涉及一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装及加工工艺。
隔膜泵是一种用于石化与煤化工等领域的高性能液体介质传送动力设备，该设备液力端部件由柱塞缸体部件、隔膜室部件、进出口缓冲部件组成，其中各部件中的结构件：柱塞缸体、隔膜室腔体、进出口缓冲罐的结构形状均为长筒圆柱形零件，其直径约为400mm～600mm，长度约为800mm～1300mm，长筒圆柱形零件两端端头设有法兰，其孔系有相对位置度要求，其中柱塞缸体与隔膜室腔体在长筒圆柱形的中间段沿其径向设置有与内腔相通的另一个长筒通道，该长筒通道端头也设有法兰，整个零件结构形状如同大尺寸规格的三通件，并且三个方向连接的法兰外圆尺寸不一致。
在卧式镗床上加工该类似三通件的待加工零件时，需为其设计一个加工定位工装，该加定位工装通常采用一体式V型块定位方式，利用V型面与零件底部外圆面45°对称母线定位，顶部同样采用一体式V型面与零件顶部外圆面45°对称母线定位压紧。在常用零件加工状况中圆柱形零件V型块定位都采用一体式V型块与零件外圆圆柱尺寸一对一设计，这类工装定位一对一设计方式局限于同规格零件尺寸，工装适用范围唯一，缺乏通用性，因此，对于大尺寸规格V型块制造，会造成工装制造成本浪费。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的定位工装通用性差，导致工装制造成本高的问题，而提供了一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装及加工工艺。
为达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案为：
本发明的一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装，其特殊之处在于：包括沿卧式镗床主轴轴线方向依次设置的前定位机构、中部定位机构和后定位机构；
所述前定位机构和后定位机构结构相同；
所述前定位机构包括安装在卧式镗床工作台上的第一定位板、V型块组件及支架组件；
所述第一定位板上设置有垂直于所述沿卧式镗床主轴方向的导向槽；
所述V型块组件包括下V型块和上V型块；
所述支架组件包括压板座和设置于压板座左右两侧的支撑板；
所述压板座的下端面上设置有左右方向的定位槽；
所述支撑板的上端与压板座连接，下端固定安装于卧式镗床工作台上；
所述下V型块包括相互分开且与第一定位板上的定位槽活动连接的左下块和右下块；
所述上V型块包括相互分开且与压板座的下端面上的定位槽活动连接的左上块和右上块；
所述中部定位机构包括可安装在卧式镗床工作台上的第二定位板、两个中V型块及斜块；
所述第二定位板上设置有前后方向的至少一个第一定位槽和左右方向的 至少一个第二定位槽；
所述中V型块包括相互分开且与第一定位槽活动连接的左前块和左后块；
所述斜块与第二定位槽活动连接。
进一步地，所述左上块、右上块、左下块、右下块、左前块、左后块以及斜块的两侧均设置有连接压板组件；
所述连接压板组件包括竖直板和水平压板；
所述竖直板与第一定位板或第二定位板垂直；
所述水平压板一端搭接于竖直板的上端，另一端嵌入左上块、右上块、左下块、右下块、左前块、左后块或斜块的侧面；
所述水平压板的中部设置有紧定螺钉，其头部位于水平压板的上端，螺杆部穿过水平压板与第一定位板或第二定位板螺纹连接。
进一步地，所述左上块、右上块、左下块、右下块、左前块、左后块以及斜块上的斜面与第一定位板或第二定位板的夹角均为45度。
基于上述的一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装，本发明还提供了一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的加工工艺，其特殊之处在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)将前定位机构的第一定位板、中部定位机构的第二定位板以及后定位机构的第一定位板依次安装于卧式镗床工作台上；两个第一定位板之间的距离与待加工零件的长度适配；
步骤2)将前定位机构的下V型块安装于前定位机构的第一定位板上；将后定位机构的下V型块安装于后定位机构的第一定位板上；再将待加工零件的两端分别架设于前定位机构的下V型块和后定位机构的下V型块上，分别 调整两个下V型块的左下块和右下块之间的距离k1，使隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的第一中心轴线与机床工作台平行；
步骤3)将中V型块及斜块安装于第二定位板上；调整中部定位机构的左前块和左后块之间的距离k2，使隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的零件第二中心轴线所在平面与机床工作台平行；
步骤4)分别安装前定位机构和后定位机构的支架组件，再安装两个上V型块，按同一圆柱面四点对称受力的原则将隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体压紧；
步骤5)利用卧式镗床，加工隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体。
进一步地，所述步骤2)中的k1＝2*((M
1N
1+N
1F
1+F
1C
1)-(b
1-2*m
1√2)-e
1)；
其中，M
1N
1为左下块上端面的左右宽度；
N
1F
1为左下块的左侧高度；
F
1C
1为第一定位板的厚度；
b
1为第一中心轴线至机床工作台的距离；
e
1为左下块下端面的左右宽度；
m
1为￠E所在圆的直径；
所述步骤3)中的k2＝2*((M
2N
2+N
2F
2+F
2C
2)-(b
2-2*m
2√2)-e
2)
其中：M
2N
2为左后块上端面的前后宽度；
N
2F
2为左后块的后侧高度；
F
2C
2为第二定位板的厚度；
b
2为第二中心轴线至机床工作台的距离；
e
2为左后块下端面的前后宽度；
m
2为￠F所在圆的直径。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明将下V型块、上V型块及中V型块均设置为相互分开的两个结构，下V型块和上V型块安装于第一定位板上的第一定位槽上，中V型块安装于第二定位板上的第二定位槽内；类似大型三通的待加工零件的三个端面的直径均不同，利用本发明的定位工装，只需调整左下块和右下块之间的距离以及左前块和左后块之间的距离，便可实现任意直径的待加工零件的定位，由此，提高了定位工装的通用性，降低了制作成本。
本发明还通过支架组件上的左上块和右上块压紧待加工零件的两端，左上块、右上块、左下块和右下块共同作用将待加工零件的两端夹持，使其位置进一步得到限定。
图1是一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装的正视图；
图2是图1的左视图；
图3是图1的俯视图；
图4是待加工零件的正视图；
图5是通过计算k1或k2调整左下块和右下块间距离或者左前块和左后块间距离的结构示意图。
图中：
1-前定位机构，11-第一定位板，12-V型块组件，121-左下块，122-右下块，123-左上块，124-右上块，13-支架组件，131-压板座，132-支撑板；
2-中定位机构，21-第二定位板，211-第一定位槽，212-第二定位槽，221-左前块，222-左后块，223-斜块；
3-后定位机构；
4-连接压板组件，41-竖直板，42-水平压板，43-紧定螺钉；
5-待加工零件，6-第一中心轴线,7-第二中心轴。
为使本发明的目的、优点和特征更加清楚，以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明提出的一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装及加工工艺作进一步详细说明。根据下面具体实施方式，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。需要说明的是：附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的；其次，附图所展示的结构往往是实际结构的一部分。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装，结合图1至图4所示，包括沿卧式镗床主轴轴线方向依次设置的前定位机构1、中部定位机构2和后定位机构3；前定位机构1和后定位机构3结构相同；
前定位机构1包括安装在卧式镗床工作台上的第一定位板11、V型块组件12及支架组件13；第一定位板11上设置有垂直于沿卧式镗床主轴方向的导向槽；V型块组件12包括下V型块和上V型块；
支架组件13包括压板座131和设置于压板座131左右两侧的支撑板132；压板座131的下端面上设置有左右方向的定位槽；支撑板132的上端与压板座131连接，下端固定安装于卧式镗床工作台上；
下V型块包括相互分开且与第一定位板11上的定位槽活动连接的左下块121和右下块122；上V型块包括相互分开且与压板座131的下端面上的定位 槽活动连接的左上块123和右上块124；由此可通过调整左下块121和右下块122之间的距离来调整待加工零件两端的高低，从而使得第一中心轴6的与机床工作台平行(此处所述第一中心轴即待加工零件的前后中心轴)。
中部定位机构2包括可安装在卧式镗床工作台上的第二定位板21、两个中V型块及斜块223；第二定位板21上设置有前后方向的至少一个第一定位槽211和左右方向的至少一个第二定位槽212；中V型块包括相互分开且与第一定位槽211活动连接的左前块221和左后块222；调整左前块221和左后块222之间的距离，即可使得第二中心轴7与机床工作台平行，(此处所述第二中心轴即待加工零件的左右中心轴)。斜块223与第二定位槽212活动连接，用于支撑待加工零件，使其更加平稳。
优选的，左上块123、右上块124、左下块121、右下块122、左前块221、左后块222以及斜块223上的斜面与第一定位板11或第二定位板21的夹角均为45度。
左上块123、右上块124、左下块121、右下块122、左前块221、左后块222以及斜块223的两侧均设置有连接压板组件4；连接压板组件4包括竖直板41和水平压板42；竖直板41与第一定位板11或第二定位板21垂直；水平压板42一端搭接于竖直板41的上端垂直连接，另一端嵌入左上块123、右上块124、左下块121、右下块122、左前块221、左后块222或斜块223的侧面；水平压板42的中部设置有紧定螺钉43，其头部位于水平压板42的上端，螺杆部穿过水平压板42与第一定位板11或第二定位板21螺纹连接。由此，旋转螺杆头部即可实现水平压板42压紧与松懈，从而固定或调整左上块123、右上块124、左下块121、右下块122、左前块221、左后块222或斜块 223。
本发明的定位工装设计思路，采用V型块工装定位利用卧式镗床加工零件，在工装夹具设计上主要考虑待加工零件安装在定位工装时要满足：
1.卧式镗床的主轴、卧式镗床工作台以及定位工装在加工过程中不会相互干涉现象；
2.待加工零件的定位可靠稳定；
3.定位工装的安装结构协调合理；
4、待加工零件不变形；
5、待加工零件在加工中不震动。
本发明的定位工装采用分体式V型块定位方式，通过调节分体式V型块开口尺寸来保证不同规格尺寸的零件定位，使夹具具有通用性，利用V型面与零件底部外圆面45°对称母线定位，顶部同样采用分体式V型面与零件顶部外圆面45°对称母线定位压紧。采用分体式V型块定位的目的，其一是为满足不同规格尺寸零件的定位使设计的夹具具有通用性，其二是为保证“三通件”三处定位外圆尺寸不一致，而通过分体式V型块开口尺寸的调节，从而保证三处定位外圆的中心线在同一平面并且与机床工作台面平行。
本发明一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)将前定位机构的第一定位板、中部定位机构的第二定位板以及后定位机构的第一定位板依次安装于卧式镗床工作台上；两个第一定位板之间的距离与待加工零件5的长度适配；将前、后定位机构的第一定位板进行校正，使其与机床主轴轴线垂直；将中部定位机构的第二定位板中V型定位槽校正与卧式镗床主轴轴线平行；再将前、后定位机构的第一定位板、中部定 位机构的第二定位板用压板固定在卧式镗床工作台上。
步骤2)将前定位机构的下V型块安装于前定位机构的第一定位板上；将后定位机构的下V型块安装于后定位机构的第一定位板上；再用百分表校正至直线度不大于0.02；再将待加工零件5的两端分别架设于前定位机构的下V型块和后定位机构的下V型块上，分别调整两个下V型块的左下块和右下块之间的距离k1，使隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的第一中心轴线与机床工作台平行；
步骤3)将中V型块及斜块安装于第二定位板上；调整中部定位机构的左前块和左后块之间的距离k2，使隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的零件第二中心轴线所在平面与机床工作台平行；
步骤4)分别安装前定位机构和后定位机构的支架组件，再安装两个上V型块，按同一圆柱面四点对称受力的原则将隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体压紧；
步骤5)利用卧式镗床，以两处毛坯外圆￠E、￠F为隔膜室腔体加工基准、以毛坯外圆￠A为柱塞缸体零件加工基准，加工隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体。
上述步骤2)中的k1和步骤3)中的k2的计算说明：
参见图5，待加工零件定位圆直径为m、活动V型块外型尺寸、第一定位板和第二定位板的外型尺寸均为已知条件，由尺寸a(卧式镗床主轴安全尺寸)可计算出尺寸b，由上述已知条件做如图5所示的活动V型块轮廓的延长线(虚线所示)得三角形ABC,在等边Rt⊿AMN中边MN已知(V型块设计尺寸)，可求取AN＝MN，在等边Rt⊿ABC中AC＝AN+NF+FC＝BC；在等边Rt⊿OGK中OG＝m/2，OK＝√2*(m/2)*(m/2)＝2*m√2；在等边Rt⊿BKQ中KQ＝b-OK＝b-2*m√2，BQ＝KQ＝ b-2*m√2；所以可以求得g＝BC(上述求解结果)-BQ(上述求解结果)-e(V型块设计尺寸)，所以k＝2g。
因此：
k1＝2*((M
1N
1+N
1F
1+F
1C
1)-(b
1-2*m
1√2)-e
1)；
其中，M
1N
1为左下块上端面的左右宽度；
N
1F
1为左下块的左侧高度；
F
1C
1为第一定位板的厚度；
b
1为第一中心轴线至机床工作台的距离；
e
1为左下块下端面的左右宽度；
m
1为￠E所在圆的直径；
k2＝2*((M
2N
2+N
2F
2+F
2C
2)-(b
2-2*m
2√2)-e
2)
其中：M
2N
2为左后块上端面的前后宽度；
N
2F
2为左后块的后侧高度；
F
2C
2为第二定位板的厚度；
b
2为第二中心轴线至机床工作台的距离；
e
2为左后块下端面的前后宽度；
m
2为￠F所在圆的直径。
Claims (5)
- 一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装，其特征在于：包括沿卧式镗床主轴轴线方向依次设置的前定位机构(1)、中部定位机构(2)和后定位机构(3)；所述前定位机构(1)和后定位机构(3)结构相同；所述前定位机构(1)包括安装在卧式镗床工作台上的第一定位板(11)、V型块组件(12)及支架组件(13)；所述第一定位板(11)上设置有垂直于所述沿卧式镗床主轴方向的导向槽；所述V型块组件(12)包括下V型块和上V型块；所述支架组件(13)包括压板座(131)和设置于压板座(131)左右两侧的支撑板(132)；所述压板座(131)的下端面上设置有左右方向的定位槽；所述支撑板(132)的上端与压板座(131)连接，下端固定安装于卧式镗床工作台上；所述下V型块包括相互分开且与第一定位板(11)上的定位槽活动连接的左下块(121)和右下块(122)；所述上V型块包括相互分开且与压板座(131)的下端面上的定位槽活动连接的左上块(123)和右上块(124)；所述中部定位机构(2)包括可安装在卧式镗床工作台上的第二定位板(21)、两个中V型块及斜块(223)；所述第二定位板(21)上设置有前后方向的至少一个第一定位槽(211)和左右方向的至少一个第二定位槽(212)；所述中V型块包括相互分开且与第一定位槽(211)活动连接的左前块(221)和左后块(222)；所述斜块(223)与第二定位槽(212)活动连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装，其特征在于：所述左上块(123)、右上块(124)、左下块(121)、右下块(122)、左前块(221)、左后块(222)以及斜块(223)的两侧均设置有连接压板组件(4)；所述连接压板组件(4)包括竖直板(41)和水平压板(42)；所述竖直板(41)与第一定位板(11)或第二定位板(21)垂直；所述水平压板(42)一端搭接于竖直板(41)的上端，另一端嵌入左上块(123)、右上块(124)、左下块(121)、右下块(122)、左前块(221)、左后块(222)或斜块(223)的侧面；所述水平压板(42)的中部设置有紧定螺钉(43)，其头部位于水平压板(42)的上端，螺杆部穿过水平压板(42)与第一定位板(11)或第二定位板(21)螺纹连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装，其特征在于：所述左上块(123)、右上块(124)、左下块(121)、右下块(122)、左前块(221)、左后块(222)以及斜块(223)上的斜面与第一定位板(11)或第二定位板(21)的夹角均为45度。
- 一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的加工工艺，基于权利要求1至3任一所述的一种隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的定位工装，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：步骤1)将前定位机构的第一定位板、中部定位机构的第二定位板以及后定位机构的第一定位板依次安装于卧式镗床工作台上；两个第一定位板之间的距离与待加工零件(5)的长度适配；步骤2)将前定位机构的下V型块安装于前定位机构的第一定位板上；将后定位机构的下V型块安装于后定位机构的第一定位板上；再将待加工零件(5)的两端分别架设于前定位机构的下V型块和后定位机构的下V型块上，分别调整两个下V型块的左下块和右下块之间的距离k1，使隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的第一中心轴线与机床工作台平行；步骤3)将中V型块及斜块安装于第二定位板上；调整中部定位机构的左前块和左后块之间的距离k2，使隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的零件第二中心轴线所在平面与机床工作台平行；步骤4)分别安装前定位机构和后定位机构的支架组件，再安装两个上V型块，按同一圆柱面四点对称受力的原则将隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体压紧；步骤5)利用卧式镗床，加工隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体。
- 根据权利要求4所述的隔膜泵柱塞缸体与隔膜腔体的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤2)中的k1＝2*((M 1N 1+N 1F 1+F 1C 1)-(b 1-2*m 1√2)-e 1)；其中，M 1N 1为左下块上端面的左右宽度；N 1F 1为左下块的左侧高度；F 1C 1为第一定位板的厚度；b 1为第一中心轴线至机床工作台的距离；e 1为左下块下端面的左右宽度；m 1为￠E所在圆的直径；所述步骤3)中的k2＝2*((M 2N 2+N 2F 2+F 2C 2)-(b 2-2*m 2√2)-e 2)其中：M 2N 2为左后块上端面的前后宽度；N 2F 2为左后块的后侧高度；F 2C 2为第二定位板的厚度；b 2为第二中心轴线至机床工作台的距离；e 2为左后块下端面的前后宽度；m 2为￠F所在圆的直径。
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