WO2019234162A1 - Verfahren zur bestimmung eines fluid-gesamtvolumenstroms im bereich eines implantierten, vaskuläres unterstützungssystems sowie implantierbares vaskuläres unterstützungssystem - Google Patents

Verfahren zur bestimmung eines fluid-gesamtvolumenstroms im bereich eines implantierten, vaskuläres unterstützungssystems sowie implantierbares vaskuläres unterstützungssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019234162A1
WO2019234162A1 PCT/EP2019/064802 EP2019064802W WO2019234162A1 WO 2019234162 A1 WO2019234162 A1 WO 2019234162A1 EP 2019064802 W EP2019064802 W EP 2019064802W WO 2019234162 A1 WO2019234162 A1 WO 2019234162A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support system
electric motor
fluid
determining
temperature
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/064802
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hardy Baumbach
Karin Schneider
Inga Schellenberg
Martina BUDDE
Thomas Alexander SCHLEBUSCH
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Kardion GmbH
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Kardion GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kardion GmbH filed Critical Kardion GmbH
Priority to ES19729727T priority Critical patent/ES3006140T3/es
Priority to US15/734,010 priority patent/US12324906B2/en
Priority to EP19729727.8A priority patent/EP3801667B1/de
Priority to CN201980048727.8A priority patent/CN112543657B/zh
Priority to JP2020567986A priority patent/JP7422407B2/ja
Publication of WO2019234162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019234162A1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/50—Details relating to control
    • A61M60/508—Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
    • A61M60/538—Regulation using real-time blood pump operational parameter data, e.g. motor current
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
    • A61M60/165—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable in, on, or around the heart
    • A61M60/178—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable in, on, or around the heart drawing blood from a ventricle and returning the blood to the arterial system via a cannula external to the ventricle, e.g. left or right ventricular assist devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/408—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable
    • A61M60/411—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable generated by an electromotor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/50—Details relating to control
    • A61M60/508—Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
    • A61M60/515—Regulation using real-time patient data
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/50—Details relating to control
    • A61M60/508—Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
    • A61M60/515—Regulation using real-time patient data
    • A61M60/523—Regulation using real-time patient data using blood flow data, e.g. from blood flow transducers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/50—Details relating to control
    • A61M60/508—Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
    • A61M60/538—Regulation using real-time blood pump operational parameter data, e.g. motor current
    • A61M60/546—Regulation using real-time blood pump operational parameter data, e.g. motor current of blood flow, e.g. by adapting rotor speed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/81—Pump housings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/855—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices
    • A61M60/857—Implantable blood tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3368—Temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/70—General characteristics of the apparatus with testing or calibration facilities
    • A61M2205/702—General characteristics of the apparatus with testing or calibration facilities automatically during use

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining a total volume of fluid in the area of an implanted vascular support system, a processing unit and an implantable, vascular support system.
  • the invention finds particular application in (fully) implanted left heart assist systems (LVAD).
  • LVAD left heart assist systems
  • Implanted left heart assist systems exist mainly in two variants. On the one hand there are (percutaneous) minimally invasive left heart support systems. The second variant is under the thorax opening invasively implanted left heart support systems. The variant according to the first variant promotes blood directly from the left ventricle into the aorta, since the (percutaneous) minimally invasive left heart support system is positioned centrally in the aortic valve. The second variant promotes blood from the left ventricle via a bypass tube into the aorta.
  • LVAD Implanted left heart assist systems
  • the task of a cardiac support system is the promotion of blood.
  • the so-called heart-time volume (CO, usually expressed in liters per minute) has a high clinical relevance.
  • the heart-time volume relates here to the total volume flow of blood (from a ventricle), in particular from the left ventricle to the aorta.
  • the effort to use this parameter as a measured value during the operation of a cardiac support system is correspondingly common.
  • the degree of support which describes the proportion of the volume flow delivered by a delivery means, such as a pump of the support system, to the total volume flow of blood from the ventricle to the aorta
  • a certain volume flow passes through the physiological pathway through the aortic valve into the aorta.
  • the heart-time volume or the total volume flow (QHZV) from the ventricle to the aorta is therefore usually the sum of the pump volume flow (Q p ) and the aortic valve volume flow
  • An established method for determining the heart-time volume (QHZV) in the clinical setting is the use of dilution methods, all of which rely on a transcutaneously inserted catheter and therefore can only provide heart-time-volume measurement data during cardiac surgery.
  • An established method for measuring the pump volume flow (Q p ) is the correlation of the operating parameters of the support system, in particular the electrical power consumption, possibly supplemented by other physiological parameters such as blood pressure.
  • the integration of dedicated ultrasonic measurement technology into a support system has also been proposed.
  • fully implanted means that the resources required for the detection are located completely in the body of the patient and remain there. This makes it possible to detect the heart-time volume even outside a heart operation.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved method for determining a total fluid volume flow in the area of an implanted, vascular support system and to provide an improved, implantable, vascular support system.
  • the method specified in claim 1 for determining a total fluid volume flow in the region of an implanted, vascular support system comprises the following steps:
  • the vascular support system is preferably a cardiac support system, more preferably a ventricular assist system.
  • the total volume flow is meant in particular the entire volume flow through a blood vessel or through a cross section of the blood vessel.
  • the blood vessel is, for example, the aorta, in particular in the case of a left heart support system, or the common trunk (trunk pulmonalis) in the two pulmonary arteries, in particular in a right heart support system, preferably around the aorta.
  • the method for determining a total fluid volume flow from a ventricle of a vein in particular from a (left) Ventricle of a heart to the aorta in the area of a (fully) implanted, (left) ventricular (cardiac) support system.
  • the fluid is usually blood.
  • the support system is preferably arranged at the exit of the left ventricle of the heart or the left ventricle.
  • the support system is particularly preferably arranged in the aortic valve position.
  • the method is particularly suitable for determining the total cardiac time volume (CO, symbol QHZV) of a patient, in particular with (fully) implanted left ventricular cardiac assist system (LVAD) in the aortic valve position and / or by the support system itself ,
  • the method is based in particular on (thermal) anemometric (measurement) principles for flow measurement.
  • the basic principle is that a flowing medium cools a hot body as a function of the flow velocity.
  • the method makes it possible in an advantageous manner for the heart-time volume to be made available outside the surgical scenario with comparable quality as when using a dilution catheter. This is of particular advantage because the heart-time-volume (QHZV) has a greater clinical relevance than the most commonly used pump volume flow (Q p ), which only quantifies the flow through the support system itself.
  • a particular advantage of the method is that, unlike anemometric methods, no separate heating element is required in order to produce the heat flow to be measured.
  • the thermal power dissipation occurring at the electric motor of the LVAD can be used for anemometric flow measurement.
  • no (separate) heating element (except for the electric motor) is used to determine the total fluid volume flow.
  • the electric motor is the only heating element used in the solution proposed here.
  • the support system has no (separate) heating element (except for the electric motor).
  • a reference temperature of the fluid is determined, in particular measured.
  • the reference temperature is determined by a reference temperature sensor, which is particularly preferably part of the support system.
  • the reference temperature sensor can be arranged, for example, in and / or on an (inlet) cannula of the support system.
  • the reference temperature usually represents a background temperature of the fluid, in other words a fluid temperature, which is not influenced in particular by the thermal power loss of the electric motor.
  • the electric motor may be part of a turbomachine or a pump of the support system.
  • the support system is preferably arranged on or in the fluid flow such that a heat flow from the support system, in particular from its electric motor, can be released to the fluid flow.
  • the engine temperature can also be understood as meaning an internal temperature or (outer) surface temperature of the support system, in particular in the region of the electric motor, which in particular has a preferably direct inference to the temperature of the electric motor, in particular to the temperature of a winding package of the electric motor Electric motor allows.
  • the support system is preferably implanted such that it is at least partially, preferably completely or at least 50%, more preferably at least 85% or even at least 95% of its (outer) surface in the fluid flow. Further preferably, the support system is at least 50%, more preferably at least 85% or even at least 95% of its length in the fluid flow.
  • one end of the support system in the region of which or at which the electric motor is located, is located at least partially in the aorta.
  • the opposite end of the support system in the area of or at which there is a (cannula) cannula of the support system, is located at least partially in a (left) ventricle of the heart.
  • the support system is at least partially, preferably completely or at least 50%, more preferably at least 85% or even at least 95% of its (outer) surface in a blood vessel, such as an artery, especially the aorta. Most preferably, the support system is implanted so that it is (completely) in the (descending) aorta.
  • step c) the thermal power loss of the electric motor is determined.
  • the thermal power loss of the electric motor is determined by a current sensor, which preferably measures an electric current of the electric motor.
  • step d) the total fluid volume flow is determined using the reference temperature, the engine temperature and the thermal power loss of the electric motor.
  • step d) with the aid of at least one heat transfer specification, at least one heat transfer coefficient, at least one calibration factor and / or at least one blood vessel cross section, in particular aortic cross section, the total fluid volume flow is dependent on the reference temperature, the engine temperature and the thermal power loss Electric motor determined.
  • the reference temperature in particular spatially and / or temporally, be measured before the fluid is heated by the electric motor.
  • a Reference temperature sensor spaced from the electric motor, in particular upstream of the electric motor, preferably arranged on a (inlet) cannula of the support system.
  • the reference temperature sensor is arranged in the region of and / or at an end (s) of the (inlet) cannula opposite the electric motor.
  • the engine temperature of the electric motor is measured on a surface along which the fluid flows.
  • the surface is typically an (exterior) surface of the support system that is in contact with the fluid.
  • the engine temperature can be measured, for example, with a motor temperature sensor which is arranged on an (outer) surface of the support system in the region of the (internal) electric motor.
  • the engine temperature of the electric motor inside the engine can be measured.
  • Flierzu may be arranged in the interior of the electric motor, an engine temperature sensor.
  • a flow velocity of the fluid is determined, in particular calculated, as a function of calibration data, the reference temperature, the motor temperature and the thermal power loss of the electric motor.
  • the calibration data preferably comprise a characteristic length (eg tube diameter, possibly approximately in the region of the aortic valve), a kinematic viscosity of the fluid, a thermal conductivity of the fluid, a thermal conductivity of the fluid and / or fluid wetted (upper) surface of the support system.
  • a determined cross-sectional geometry of an aorta in the area of the implanted, vascular support system be taken into account.
  • a cross-section of the aorta in the area of the support system is taken into account.
  • This value can be from the doctor, for example be determined by ultrasound or computed tomography.
  • the total fluid volume flow or the heart-time volume can be determined particularly advantageously as a function of the flow velocity of the fluid, the (flow-through) cross-section of the aorta and a (speed-dependent) calibra- tion factor.
  • the (speed-dependent) calibration factor can, for. B. be determined by a calibration in the context of implantation, for example, by using a Dilutionskathe- ters as a reference standard.
  • a fluid volume flow is determined, which flows through the support system.
  • this fluid volume flow is usually the so-called pump flow rate (Q p ), which only quantifies the flow through the support system itself. If this value is known in addition to the total volume flow or time-volume (QHZV), the so-called degree of support can be calculated from the ratio of Q p to QHZV (ie Q P / QHZV).
  • Q p pump flow rate
  • the total fluid volume flow determined in step d) is provided, for example, in a step e) as a control parameter for the support system.
  • a processing unit of the support system can provide this control parameter as an output variable, in particular a control unit of the support system, which preferably controls the power of the electric motor and thus, in particular, the (blood) delivery rate of the support system.
  • a processing unit is proposed, set up for carrying out a method proposed here, and comprising a memory in which calibration data are stored.
  • a memory in which calibration data are stored.
  • at least one (speed-dependent) calibration factor and / or a thermal model of the electric motor can also be stored in the memory.
  • the processing unit may include a microprocessor that can access the memory. The processing unit preferably receives data from a reference temperature sensor, an engine temperature sensor and / or a current sensor.
  • an implantable vascular support system comprising:
  • a reference temperature sensor for determining a reference temperature of a fluid
  • an engine temperature sensor for determining an engine temperature of the electric motor
  • a current sensor for determining at least the current flow through the electric motor or the thermal power loss of the electric motor.
  • the support system is preferably a left ventricular cardiac assist system (LVAD) or a percutaneous, minimally invasive left heart assist system. Furthermore, this is preferably fully implantable. In other words, this means in particular that the means required for detection, in particular the reference temperature sensor, the motor temperature sensor and the current sensor are located completely in the body of the patient and remain there. Particularly preferably, the support system is set up or suitable for being able to be arranged at least partially in a ventricle, preferably the left ventricle of a heart and / or an aorta, in particular in the aortic valve position.
  • the current sensor is used to determine the current flow through the electric motor and / or the thermal power loss of the electric motor.
  • the current sensor measures the current flow through the electric motor and calculates from this the power loss of the electric motor. If the current sensor only supplies the current flow as output variable, provision is made in particular for the current flow in a processing unit of the support system to be converted into the power loss of the electric motor.
  • the support system comprises a cannula, in particular inlet cannula and a turbomachine, such as a pump.
  • the electric motor is regularly part of the turbomachine.
  • the electric motor then drives the fluid machine for the delivery of the fluid.
  • the (inlet) cannula is preferably arranged so that, when implanted, it can deliver fluid from a (left) ventricle of a puck to the turbomachine. Through the cannula, the fluid can be fed to the turbomachine.
  • the cannula is preferably designed for guiding fluid in the form of blood from a (left) ventricle of a vein into an aorta.
  • the support system is preferably elongate and / or tubular.
  • the inlet cannula and the turbomachine are arranged in the region of opposite ends of the support system.
  • the reference temperature sensor may be located at or near a portion of the cannula spaced from the flow machine.
  • the reference temperature sensor can be arranged at or in the vicinity of a region of the cannula facing away from the electric motor.
  • the reference temperature sensor is arranged at a distal end of the cannula, ie where the blood flows from a ventricle into the cannula.
  • the support system may comprise a tubular elongated structure having a cannula portion in which the cannula is formed and having a motor housing portion connected to the cannula portion in which the electric motor is disposed in a motor housing.
  • the reference temperature sensor is arranged in a region of the cannula section which is at a distance from the motor housing section.
  • the electric motor is preferably arranged in a motor housing which can be flowed around in the aorta with blood.
  • the support system may further comprise a processing unit configured to determine a total fluid flow in the area of the support system using the reference temperature, the engine temperature, and the thermal power dissipation of the electric motor.
  • the support system is preferably set up to carry out a method proposed here.
  • FIG. 1 a shows a percutaneous, minimally invasive left heart support system
  • FIG. 1 b shows a left heart assist system implanted invasively under the thorax opening
  • FIG. 1 a shows a percutaneous, minimally invasive left heart support system
  • FIG. 1 b shows a left heart assist system implanted invasively under the thorax opening
  • FIG. 1 b shows a left heart assist system implanted invasively under the thorax opening
  • FIG. 2 shows an implanted, vascular support system
  • FIG. 3 shows an arrangement of an implanted, vascular support system
  • FIG. 4 shows a component architecture of a support system
  • FIG. 5 shows an illustration of a heat flow
  • FIG. 6 shows an illustration of a temperature profile
  • FIG. 7 shows a further illustration of a temperature profile.
  • FIGS. 1 a and 1 b Implanted left heart assist systems exist mainly in two variants, as shown in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b.
  • FIG. 1 a shows a (percutaneous) minimally invasive left heart assist system 16
  • FIG. 1 b shows a left heart assist system 17 implanted invasively under the thorax opening.
  • the variant according to FIG. 1 a conveys blood directly from the left ventricle 18 into the aorta 9, since the (percutaneous) minimally invasive left heart support system 16 is positioned centrally in the aortic valve 19.
  • the variant according to FIG. 1 b conveys the blood from the left ventricle 18 via a bypass tube 20 into the aorta 9.
  • the heart-time volume or the total volume flow (QHZV) from the ventricle 18 to the aorta 9 is therefore usually the sum of the pump volume flow (Q p ) and aortic valve volume flow (Q a ).
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically an implanted vascular support system 2 in aortic valve position.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically an implanted vascular support system 2 in aortic valve position.
  • the support system 2 is an example of a left ventricular Flerzun- support system (LVAD).
  • the support system has a tube-like elongated structure with a cannula section in which a cannula is formed as an inlet cannula 21 and has a motor housing section connected to the cannula section, in which an electric motor 5 is located in a motor housing 23.
  • the support system 2 protrudes from the aorta 9 through the aortic valves 19 distally into the ventricle 18.
  • the support system 2 has here for example an inlet cannula 21, which projects into the ventricle 18.
  • a fluid volume flow 10 is conveyed from the ventricle 18 into the aorta 9, for example pumped, using an electric motor 5 of the support system 2, which drives a turbomachine in the form of a pump in the support system 2. Therefore, the fluid volume flow 10 is also referred to as the pump volume flow (Q p ), which only quantifies the flow through the support system 2 itself.
  • the heart-time volume or the total fluid volume flow 1 (QHZV) passing from the ventricle 18 to the aorta 9 in the region of the support system 2 through a cross-sectional geometry 8 of the aorta 9 is accordingly the sum of the fluid volume flow 10 (FIG. Q p ) and aortic valve volume flow 24 (Q a ). This is described by equation (1) below.
  • the support system 2 comprises a reference temperature sensor 13 for determining a reference temperature 3 of a fluid, here by way of example blood.
  • the support system 2 comprises an electric motor 5 and an engine temperature sensor 14 for determining a motor temperature 4 of the electric motor 5.
  • the support system 2 has a current sensor (not shown here) for determining the thermal power loss (not shown here) of the electric motor. 5
  • the engine temperature sensor 14 is integrated, for example, in a motor housing 23, in which the thermal power loss of the electric motor 5 is dissipated to the surrounding fluid.
  • the engine temperature sensor 14 is set up and arranged so that it can measure the engine temperature 4.
  • the motor temperature sensor 14 can be arranged and arranged to measure a surface temperature of the motor housing 23 or a temperature of the stator (not shown here) of the electric motor 5.
  • the temperature of the stator can be approximated by an internal temperature in the motor housing 23 between the motor housing 23 and the winding package (not shown here). Alternatively, the temperature in the winding package can be measured directly.
  • the reference temperature sensor 13 detects the reference temperature 3, which is exemplified here the background blood temperature.
  • the reference temperature sensor 13 is in the thermally uninfluenced blood flow before the
  • the reference temperature sensor 13, as shown in FIG. 2 is arranged in a region of the cannula section spaced from the motor housing section at a distal end of the inlet cannula 21, ie there where the blood from a ventricle flows into the inlet cannula 21.
  • the support system 2 comprises a reference temperature sensor 13 for determining a reference temperature 3 of a fluid, in this case blood. Furthermore, the support system 2 comprises an electric motor 5 and an engine temperature sensor 14 for determining an engine temperature 4 of the electric motor 5. In addition, the support system 2 has a current sensor 15 for determining the thermal power loss 6 of the electric motor 5. For this purpose, the current sensor 15 determines the example Current flow (not shown here) by the motor 5 and converts this into the thermal power loss 6. According to the representation according to FIG.
  • the support system 2 further comprises a processing unit 11 which is set up to determine a total fluid volume flow (not shown here) in the area of the support system 2 using the reference temperature 3, the engine temperature 4 and the Thermal power loss 6 of the electric motor 5.
  • the support system 2 has an electronically readable memory 12 with calibration data 25.
  • the measured data of the reference temperature sensor 13, the motor temperature sensor 14 and the current sensor 15 are transmitted to the processing unit 11.
  • the processing unit 11 processes the measured data with calibration data 25 from the blood flow velocity memory 12 or the (total) blood volume flow.
  • the processing unit 11 has an output 26 to a communication unit (not shown here), an output 27 to a power supply (not shown here) and an output 28 to a motor controller (not shown here).
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically an illustration of an exemplary heat flow (horizontal arrows) through the electric motor 5 to the fluid flow (vertical arrow) or the total fluid volume flow 1.
  • the electric motor 5 has here for example a movably mounted rotor (not shown here ) and an externally offset by an air gap stationary winding package 22, which is in communication with the stator 29.
  • FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the heat conduction transitions from the winding pack 22 of the electric motor 5 via the stator 29 to the blood flow.
  • the loss mechanisms in the electric motor 5 primarily relate to the Joule current heat losses Pv (see equation (2) below).
  • RTW denotes the winding resistance of the winding package 22 at the operating temperature Tw.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of a temperature profile along the material layer sequence from the winding package 22 via the stator 29 and the motor housing 23 to the total fluid volume flow 1.
  • FIG. 6 shows a thermal distribution resulting in thermal equilibrium for a heat flow according to FIG. 5
  • the highest temperature is in the heat source, which is traversed by the electric current winding package 22.
  • the winding temperature 31 (symbol Tw) of the winding package 22 is therefore the highest temperature in FIG.
  • Tw symbol
  • the winding temperature 31 (formula character Tw) that occurs in the winding package 23 is in the simplified principle consideration:
  • the electric current flow 30 (formula I) and the surface temperature 32 (formula TA) are the only variable parameters.
  • Rthi describes the thermal resistance between the winding package 22 and the stator 29.
  • Rt h 2 describes the thermal resistance between the stator 29 and the fluid flow.
  • the current flow 30 (formula I) can be determined by measurement with the current sensor 15, for example in a control unit of the current sensor, and is therefore precisely known.
  • the surface temperature 32 denotes the temperature on a surface 7 of the electric motor 5, along which the fluid flows. In other words, the surface 7 is in the bloodstream.
  • FIG. 7 shows schematically a further illustration of a temperature profile.
  • FIG. 7 shows a detailed view of the illustration according to FIG. 6 in the area of the surface 7 at two different flow velocities.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates FIG Dependence of the temperature (s) (surface temperature and thus also stator and thus winding package temperature) on the flow velocity of the fluid flow or of the blood.
  • a liquid film of the thickness 33 is set near the surface 7.
  • the thickness 33 of the liquid film and the temperature difference TA-TB between the surface temperature 32 (symbol TA) and the reference temperature 3 (symbol TB), which represents the fouling temperature of the fluid (blood), depend on the flow rate of the fluid as illustrated in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, a lower flow velocity of the fluid along the surface 7 leads to a higher surface temperature 32 'than the surface temperature 32, which occurs at a comparatively higher flow velocity.
  • the heat flow through the liquid film is
  • the heat transfer coefficient is defined as
  • the Reynolds number is defined as with the characteristic length L (eg pipe diameter), the kinematic viscosity of the fluid v and the desired flow velocity u.
  • the Prandl number is a pure fabric size and given by with the thermal conductivity a of the fluid.
  • k (u) is a calibration factor dependent on the flow profile
  • u is the calculated flow velocity
  • O is the measured aortic cross section (compare cross-sectional geometry 8).

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PCT/EP2019/064802 2018-06-06 2019-06-06 Verfahren zur bestimmung eines fluid-gesamtvolumenstroms im bereich eines implantierten, vaskuläres unterstützungssystems sowie implantierbares vaskuläres unterstützungssystem Ceased WO2019234162A1 (de)

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ES19729727T ES3006140T3 (en) 2018-06-06 2019-06-06 Method for determining a fluid total volume flow in the region of an implanted vascular support system and implantable vascular support system
US15/734,010 US12324906B2 (en) 2018-06-06 2019-06-06 Systems and methods for determining a total blood volume flow in a cardiac support system and vascular support system
EP19729727.8A EP3801667B1 (de) 2018-06-06 2019-06-06 Verfahren zur bestimmung eines fluid-gesamtvolumenstroms im bereich eines implantierten, vaskulären unterstützungssystems sowie implantierbares vaskuläres unterstützungssystem
CN201980048727.8A CN112543657B (zh) 2018-06-06 2019-06-06 用于确定植入式血管支持系统的区域中的总流体体积流量的方法以及可植入血管支持系统
JP2020567986A JP7422407B2 (ja) 2018-06-06 2019-06-06 埋め込まれた血管補助システムの領域における総流体体積流量を決定する方法および埋め込み可能な血管補助システム

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US12324906B2 (en) 2025-06-10
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