WO2018180547A1 - ラジカル重合用分子量制御剤、それを用いた重合体の製造方法及び重合体 - Google Patents
ラジカル重合用分子量制御剤、それを用いた重合体の製造方法及び重合体 Download PDFInfo
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- C07C53/00—Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen
- C07C53/15—Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen containing halogen
- C07C53/19—Acids containing three or more carbon atoms
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/04—Acids, Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F20/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
- C07C233/01—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C233/02—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals
- C07C233/04—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C233/05—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
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- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/66—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety
- C07C69/67—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
- C07C69/675—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids of saturated hydroxy-carboxylic acids
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F120/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F120/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F120/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F120/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F120/10—Esters
- C08F120/34—Esters containing nitrogen, e.g. N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate
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- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
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- C08F2810/00—Chemical modification of a polymer
- C08F2810/20—Chemical modification of a polymer leading to a crosslinking, either explicitly or inherently
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization, a method for producing a polymer using the same, and a polymer produced using them.
- a radical polymerization method is well known as a method for obtaining a vinyl polymer by polymerizing vinyl monomers.
- the radical polymerization method is widely used in various industrial fields as a simple and versatile technique, but it has a drawback that it is difficult to control the molecular weight, and the resulting vinyl polymer tends to be a mixture of polymers having various molecular weights. .
- controlled radical polymerization method has been developed since around 1990 as a method for solving such drawbacks. According to the controlled radical polymerization method, it is possible to control the molecular weight and to obtain a polymer having a narrow molecular weight distribution as compared with the conventional radical polymerization method. For this reason, controlled radical polymerization is capable of exhibiting excellent properties of both controlled polymerization and radical polymerization, and is attracting attention as a method for producing a high-quality and high-functional polymer.
- Patent Document 1 a method using an initiator composed of a specific transition metal complex, an organic halide and a Lewis acid
- Patent Document 2 a method using a thiocarbonyl compound as a chain transfer agent
- Patent Document 3 a technique of performing polymerization in the presence of a specific organic tellurium compound
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 are difficult to apply to the polymerization reaction in an aqueous medium because the compound used does not have water solubility, and therefore difficult to apply to the polymerization of water-soluble monomers. is there. From the viewpoint of reducing environmental burden and economy, the development of a controlled radical polymerization method that can be applied to an aqueous system has been demanded while the industrial importance of a polymer production method for radical polymerization of a water-soluble monomer in an aqueous medium is increasing.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization that enables a controlled radical polymerization method of a water-soluble monomer in an aqueous medium, a method for producing a polymer of a water-soluble vinyl monomer using the same, a water-soluble vinyl monomer weight To provide coalescence.
- the present invention relates to a molecular weight control for radical polymerization, characterized in that an iodine compound represented by the following formula (1) is an active ingredient, and the solubility of the active ingredient in water is 0.5% by weight or more at 20 ° C. It is an agent.
- an iodine compound represented by the following formula (1) is an active ingredient, and the solubility of the active ingredient in water is 0.5% by weight or more at 20 ° C. It is an agent.
- R 1 is —COOX, —CONR 4 R 5 , an aromatic group, or a cyano group
- X is a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, organic ammonium, or ammonium
- R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an aromatic group or an aliphatic group.
- the present invention is also a method for producing a polymer comprising a step of radical polymerization of a raw material vinyl monomer containing a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and / or a vinyl monomer (a2) which becomes a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) by hydrolysis.
- the present invention is also a method for producing a polymer, characterized in that radical polymerization is performed in the presence of the above-described molecular weight controlling agent for radical polymerization and water. Furthermore, this invention is also a polymer manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method.
- the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization of the present invention exhibits an excellent molecular weight control effect in an aqueous medium. Moreover, the manufacturing method of this invention can synthesize
- the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization of the present invention comprises an iodine compound represented by the above formula (1) as an active ingredient, and the solubility of the active ingredient in water is 0.5% by weight or more at 20 ° C.
- R 1 is —COOX, —CONR 4 R 5 , an aromatic group, or a cyano group
- X is a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, an organic ammonium, or Ammonium
- R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an aromatic group, or an aliphatic group.
- the aliphatic group in R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and X is an optionally substituted linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples thereof include alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as substitution is possible, and is 1 or more.
- linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include linear alkyl groups (such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-octyl and n-dodecyl groups) and branched groups. And alkyl groups (isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, 2-ethylhexyl, etc.).
- Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, bicyclohexyl group, cyclooctyl group, cyclohexylmethyl group, cyclohexylethyl group, and methylcyclohexyl group. It is done.
- Examples of the group that may be substituted for the aliphatic group include a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an optionally substituted linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and an optionally substituted aromatic group.
- a non-aromatic heterocyclic group which may be substituted, a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, or a nitro group.
- alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and organic ammonium in X examples include alkali metal: sodium, potassium, etc., alkaline earth metal: calcium, magnesium, etc., organic ammonium: trimethylammonium, tetramethylammonium, triethylammonium, ethyltrimethylammonium, Examples include tetraethylammonium.
- Examples of the aromatic group in R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 include an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or an aromatic heterocyclic group. Specifically, a phenyl group, a biphenylyl group, a terphenylyl group, Naphthyl, binaphthyl, azulenyl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridyl, benzofuranyl, indolyl, benzothiazolyl And carbazolyl group.
- the aromatic group may be substituted, and the number of substituents in this case is not particularly limited as long as substitution is possible, and is one or more.
- Examples of the group that may be substituted for the aromatic group include a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an optionally substituted linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and an optionally substituted aromatic group.
- linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, Examples thereof include a tert-butyl group, a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group.
- linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group, isopropoxy group, isobutoxy group, tert-butoxy group, sec-butoxy group.
- Specific examples of the halogen atom include atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom and iodine atom.
- the non-aromatic heterocyclic group is a monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic 5- to 14-membered non-cyclic group containing at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom and an oxygen atom.
- An aromatic heterocyclic group included in the group.
- Specific examples of the group include pyrrolidinyl group, pyrrolyl group, piperidinyl group, piperazinyl group, imidazolyl group, pyrazolidyl group, imidazolidyl group, morpholyl group, tetrahydrofuryl group, tetrahydropyranyl group, pyrrolinyl group, dihydrofuryl group.
- dihydropyranyl group imidazolinyl group, oxazolinyl group and the like.
- R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and X are bonded to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated 5-membered or 6-membered ring. May be formed.
- R 4 and R 5 are bonded Ring: pyrrolidine ring, pyrrole ring, triazole ring, piperidine ring, piperazine ring, piperazinone ring, morpholine ring, etc.
- the iodine compound having a solubility in water of 0.5% by weight or more at 20 ° C. includes hydrophilic functional groups (specifically, carboxyl groups and salts thereof). , A hydroxyl group, an amide group, etc.), and may further have a group that does not inhibit hydrophilicity.
- at least one of R 1 to R 3 has a hydrophilic functional group or has a hydrophilic functional group as a substituent, and at least one of R 1 to R 3 has a hydrophilic functional group It may have a group that does not inhibit hydrophilicity, but does not have a hydrophilic functional group.
- Such compounds include 2-iodoacetic acid, 2-iodopropionic acid, 2-iodopropionitrile, 2-iodopropionic acid amide, 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid, 2-iodo-2-methylpropion.
- Acid amide sodium 2-iodo-2-methylpropionate, calcium 2-iodo-2-methylpropionate, ammonium 2-iodo-2-methylpropionate, 2-hydroxyethyl 2-iodo-2-methylpropionate, 2-iodopentanoic acid, 2,5-diiododipic acid, ⁇ -iodo- ⁇ -butyrolactone, sodium 2-iodo-2-phenylacetate, calcium 2-iodo-2-phenylacetate, 2-iodo-2-phenyl Examples include ammonium acetate and 2-hydroxyethyl 2-iodo-2-phenylacetate.
- the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization of the present invention comprises an iodine compound having water solubility represented by the formula (1) as an active ingredient.
- the said iodine compound may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together.
- the iodine compound may be used as it is for the molecular weight controlling agent for radical polymerization of the present invention, and may be in the form of liquid, powder, solid or the like as necessary. Moreover, it can also take forms, such as aqueous solution and encapsulation, as needed. Moreover, various additives, such as a stabilizer and a dispersing agent, can also be mix
- the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization of the present invention can be suitably used for radical polymerization of water-soluble vinyl monomers.
- the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization of the present invention has a solubility in water of the active ingredient at 20 ° C. of 0.5% by weight or more.
- a water-soluble vinyl monomer For example, it is preferable to completely dissolve the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and / or the vinyl monomer (a2) that becomes the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) by hydrolysis in the radical polymerization step in the presence of water.
- the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization of the present invention preferably has a solubility in water of 20% by weight of its active ingredient at a temperature of 1% by weight or more.
- the molecular weight for radical polymerization It can be expected that the control agent is homogeneously mixed instantaneously without causing phase separation with the aqueous monomer solution, and exhibits a stable and excellent molecular weight control effect in the polymerization of the vinyl monomer.
- These molecular weight control agents for radical polymerization may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the method for producing a polymer of the present invention comprises a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and / or a vinyl monomer (a2) (hereinafter simply referred to as a hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2)) which becomes a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) by hydrolysis.
- a1 water-soluble vinyl monomer
- a2 vinyl monomer
- hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2)) which becomes a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) by hydrolysis.
- the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization has a better molecular weight control effect as the water solubility of the active ingredient is higher. Although its mechanism of action is unknown, it is uniformly mixed at the start of polymerization, and furthermore, due to its high affinity with the water-soluble vinyl monomer, the initiation reaction starts uniformly, and these act as dormant species during radical polymerization, As a result, it is presumed that the molecular weight distribution of the produced polymer can be controlled narrowly.
- the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization is preferably added as an aqueous solution from the viewpoint of molecular weight control, and the concentration may be added as an aqueous solution of 0.5 wt% to 20 wt% in the amount of active ingredients. Further preferred.
- a usage-amount can be set suitably with reference to the said usage-amount.
- the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) in the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a known monomer, for example, at least one water-soluble substituent disclosed in paragraphs 0007 to 0023 of Japanese Patent No. 3648553.
- Vinyl monomers having an ethylenically unsaturated group for example, anionic vinyl monomers, nonionic vinyl monomers and cationic vinyl monomers, anionic vinyl monomers disclosed in paragraphs 0009 to 0024 of JP-A No.
- a small group chosen from the group Vinyl monomers having Kutomo one can be used.
- the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) is not particularly limited, and known ⁇ for example, at least one hydrolyzable substituent that becomes a water-soluble substituent by hydrolysis disclosed in paragraphs 0024 to 0025 of Japanese Patent No. 3648553.
- a vinyl monomer having a group such as an acyl group and a cyano group A vinyl monomer having a group such as an acyl group and a cyano group.
- the water-soluble vinyl monomer means a vinyl monomer that dissolves at least 100 g in 100 g of water at 25 ° C.
- the hydrolyzability in the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) means a property that is hydrolyzed by the action of water and, if necessary, a catalyst (an acid or a base) to become water-soluble. Hydrolysis of the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) may be carried out either during polymerization, after polymerization, or both. From the viewpoint of controlling the water solubility or molecular weight or molecular weight distribution of the resulting polymer, Is preferred.
- water-soluble vinyl monomers (a1) are preferred from the viewpoint of water solubility of the resulting polymer or molecular weight and molecular weight distribution control, and more preferred are anionic vinyl monomers, carboxyl (salt) groups, and sulfo (salts).
- anionic vinyl monomers carboxyl (salt) groups, and sulfo (salts).
- Carboxyl (salt) group means “carboxyl group” or “carboxylate group”
- sulfo (salt) group means “sulfo group” or “sulfonate group”.
- (meth) acrylic acid (salt) means acrylic acid, acrylate, methacrylic acid or methacrylate
- (meth) acrylamide means acrylamide or methacrylamide.
- the salt include alkali metal (such as lithium, sodium and potassium) salts, alkaline earth metal (such as magnesium and calcium) salts and ammonium (NH 4 ) salt.
- alkali metal salts and ammonium salts are preferred from the viewpoint of water solubility of the polymer or control of molecular weight and molecular weight distribution, more preferred are alkali metal salts, and particularly preferred are sodium salts.
- the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) or the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) When either the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) or the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) is used as the raw material vinyl monomer, one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used as necessary. . The same applies when the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) are used. Further, when the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) are used, the molar ratio [(a1) / (a2)] of these is preferably 75/25 to 99/1, more preferably Is 85/15 to 95/5, particularly preferably 90/10 to 93/7, most preferably 91/9 to 92/8. Within this range, the water solubility or molecular weight or molecular weight distribution control of the resulting polymer (A) is further improved.
- vinyl monomers (a1) and the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) in addition to the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2), other vinyl monomers (a3) copolymerizable with these can be used as the starting vinyl monomer.
- Other vinyl monomers (a3) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the other copolymerizable vinyl monomer (a3) is not particularly limited, and is known (for example, a hydrophobic vinyl monomer disclosed in paragraphs 0028 to 0029 of Japanese Patent No. 3648553, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-165883).
- 0025 paragraph and vinyl monomer disclosed in JP-A-2005-75982, paragraph 0058, etc. can be used.
- the following vinyl monomers (i) to (iii) Can be used.
- Styrene such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene and hydroxystyrene, and halogen substituted products of styrene such as vinylnaphthalene and dichlorostyrene.
- C2-C20 aliphatic ethylenic monomer Alkenes (ethylene, propylene, butene, isobutylene, pentene, heptene, diisobutylene, octene, dodecene, octadecene, etc.); and alkadienes (butadiene, isopren
- monoethylenically unsaturated monomer such as pinene, limonene and indene
- polyethylene vinyl monomer such as cyclopentadiene, bicyclopentadiene and ethylidene norbornene.
- the content (mol%) of the other vinyl monomer (a3) is selected from the viewpoints of water solubility of the polymer or control of molecular weight and molecular weight distribution, and the like. Based on the total number of moles of (a2), 0 to 5 is preferable, more preferably 0 to 3, particularly preferably 0 to 2, and particularly preferably 0 to 1.5. From the viewpoint of controlling the molecular weight distribution and the like, the content of the other vinyl monomer (a3) is most preferably 0 mol%.
- the amount of the molecular weight controlling agent for radical polymerization used is the total weight of the starting vinyl monomers in the amount of active ingredients, that is, the other vinyl monomers (a3) of the monomers (a1) and (a2). Is preferably 0.0005 to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.005 to 0.5% by weight, based on the weight of (a1) to (a3). If the amount of the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization is less than 0.0005% by weight in the amount of active ingredient, the molecular weight distribution of the polymer obtained without sufficient control of the polymerization may be widened. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1% by weight, the molecular chain of the resulting polymer may be too short, and the economy is poor.
- radical polymerization can also be performed in the presence of an internal crosslinking agent (b).
- radical crosslinking polymerization By performing radical polymerization (hereinafter referred to as radical crosslinking polymerization) in the presence of the internal crosslinking agent (b), a crosslinked polymer represented by a water-absorbing resin can be synthesized.
- radical crosslinking polymerization By using the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization of the present invention in radical cross-linking polymerization, it is considered that the molecular weight between cross-linking points is likely to be uniform, and the absorption performance and mechanical properties are expected to be improved as compared with conventional polymerization methods. .
- the internal cross-linking agent (b) is not particularly limited, and is known (for example, a cross-linking agent having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3648553, paragraphs 0031 to 0034, and a reaction with a water-soluble substituent.
- a crosslinking agent having at least one functional group capable of reacting and having at least one ethylenically unsaturated group and a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups capable of reacting with a water-soluble substituent Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
- Crosslinking agents such that it has a crosslinkable vinyl monomer which is disclosed in paragraph can be used.
- a crosslinking agent having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups is preferable, and bis (meth) acrylamides such as N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide; ) Poly (meth) acrylates of polyhydric alcohols such as alkylene glycol, trimethylol propane, glycerin, pentaerythritol and sorbitol; (poly) poly (alcohols of polyhydric alcohols such as alkylene glycol, trimethylol propane, glycerin, pentaerythritol and sorbitol ( Multivalent (meth) allyl compounds such as (meth) allyl ether, tetraallyloxyethane and triallyl isocyanurate, and most preferred are polyvalent (meth) allyl compounds.
- An internal crosslinking agent (b) may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
- the content (mol%) of the internal crosslinking agent (b) unit is (a1) when other vinyl monomer (a3) of the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) unit and hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) unit is used. Based on the total number of moles of (a3), 0.001 to 5 is preferable, 0.005 to 3 is more preferable, and 0.01 to 1 is particularly preferable. Within this range, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution control of the polymer are further improved.
- the step of polymerizing the raw vinyl monomer containing the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and / or the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) in the presence of the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization and water is an aqueous solution.
- Polymerization adiabatic polymerization, thin film polymerization, spray polymerization method, etc .; Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-133413, etc.
- suspension polymerization or reverse phase suspension polymerization Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-30710, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-26909
- publicly known JP-A-1-5808 can be carried out in the presence of the above-mentioned molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization.
- a mixed solvent containing water and an organic solvent can be used.
- the organic solvent include methanol, ethanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the amount (% by weight) of the organic solvent used is preferably 40 or less, more preferably 30 or less, based on the weight of water.
- the polymerization method is a suspension polymerization method or a reverse phase suspension polymerization method
- the polymerization may be performed in the presence of a conventionally known dispersant or surfactant, if necessary.
- a conventionally known dispersant or surfactant such as xylene, normal hexane and normal heptane
- conventionally known hydrocarbon solvents such as xylene, normal hexane and normal heptane can be used in combination with water.
- an aqueous solution polymerization method is preferable because it is not necessary to use an organic solvent or the like and is advantageous in terms of production cost.
- other vinyl monomers (a3) include (a1) to (a3) and an internal crosslinking agent (b)
- the weight percent concentration of the starting vinyl monomer is preferably 20 to 55% with respect to the total weight of the polymerization solution at the start of polymerization. If it is lower than this range, the productivity will be poor, and if it is high, it will be difficult to control the temperature in the system due to the heat of polymerization, and it will be difficult to obtain a polymer whose molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are controlled industrially stably. Become.
- radical initiators include azo compounds [azobisisobutyronitrile, azobiscyanovaleric acid, 2,2′-azobis [N- (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-methylpropanamide] and 2,2′-.
- the amount (% by weight) of the radical initiator used is that of the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2), and when using the other vinyl monomer (a3), (a1) to (a3) Based on the total weight, it is preferably 0.0005 to 5, more preferably 0.001 to 2.
- the polymerization start temperature when polymerizing the raw vinyl monomer containing the water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and / or the hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2) in the presence of the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization is 0 to 80 ° C. preferable. If it is lower than this range, the polymerization solution may freeze and production is difficult, and if it is high, temperature control in the system becomes difficult due to the heat of polymerization, and the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are controlled industrially stably. It is difficult to obtain a polymer.
- the molecular weight distribution of the polymer obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably 4 or less, more preferably 3.9 or less, and particularly preferably 3.8 or less. When the molecular weight distribution exceeds 4, the number of components in the molecular weight range that contributes to the desired performance expression decreases, and the performance becomes insufficient. The molecular weight distribution is measured by the method described later.
- a secondary treatment such as concentration and drying may be applied to the mixture containing the polymer, if necessary.
- the content (% by weight) of the water and / or organic solvent after the distillation is preferably 0 to 20 based on the weight of the polymer. More preferably, it is 0.5 to 10, particularly preferably 1 to 9, and most preferably 2 to 8. Within this range, the performance of the polymer will be good.
- the content and moisture of the organic solvent are, for example, an infrared moisture meter [JE400 manufactured by KETT Co., Ltd .: 120 ⁇ 5 ° C., 30 minutes, atmospheric humidity before heating 50 ⁇ 10% RH, lamp specification 100V , 40 W], but is not limited to this.
- the water-containing gel containing the polymer to be produced is shredded as necessary, and then water and / or the organic solvent is distilled off. It is preferable to do.
- the size (longest diameter) of the gel after chopping is preferably 50 ⁇ m to 10 cm, more preferably 100 ⁇ m to 2 cm, and particularly preferably 1 mm to 1 cm. Within this range, the drying property in the drying process is further improved.
- Shredding can be performed by a known method, and can be performed using a shredding device (for example, a bex mill, rubber chopper, pharma mill, mincing machine, impact pulverizer, and roll pulverizer).
- a shredding device for example, a bex mill, rubber chopper, pharma mill, mincing machine, impact pulverizer, and roll pulverizer.
- acid group containing vinyl monomers such as a carboxyl group
- an alkali can also be mixed and neutralized to the water-containing gel of the polymer obtained as mentioned above as needed.
- alkali those known in the art ⁇ Japanese Patent No. 3205168 etc. ⁇ can be used.
- the neutralization rate is preferably 50 to 100%, more preferably 60 to 80% from the viewpoint of liquid permeability.
- the production method of the present invention can be suitably used for production of water-absorbent resin particles.
- the method for pulverization is not particularly limited, and a pulverizer (for example, a hammer pulverizer, an impact pulverizer, a roll pulverizer, and a jet airflow pulverizer) can be used.
- the water-absorbent resin particles obtained by pulverization can be adjusted in particle size by sieving if necessary.
- the weight average particle diameter ( ⁇ m) of the water-absorbent resin particles when screened if necessary is preferably 100 to 800, more preferably 200 to 700, next preferably 250 to 600, particularly preferably 300 to 500, most preferably. Is 350-450. Within this range, the absorption performance is further improved.
- the weight average particle diameter of the water-absorbent resin particles was measured using a low tap test sieve shaker and a standard sieve (JIS Z8801-1: 2006), Perry's Chemical Engineers Handbook, 6th edition (Mc Glow Hill Book Cumbany, 1984, p. 21). That is, JIS standard sieves are combined in the order of 1000 ⁇ m, 850 ⁇ m, 710 ⁇ m, 500 ⁇ m, 425 ⁇ m, 355 ⁇ m, 250 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m, 125 ⁇ m, 75 ⁇ m and 45 ⁇ m, and a tray from the top. About 50 g of the measured particles are put in the uppermost screen and shaken for 5 minutes with a low-tap test sieve shaker.
- the content of the fine particles can be determined using a graph created when determining the above-mentioned weight average particle diameter.
- the shape of the water-absorbent resin particles after the above-mentioned pulverizing step includes an irregularly crushed shape, a flake shape, a pearl shape, and a rice grain shape.
- an irregularly crushed shape is preferable.
- water-absorbent resin particles When producing water-absorbent resin particles by the production method of the present invention, it is preferable to further include a step of surface cross-linking the water-absorbent resin.
- a step of surface cross-linking By surface crosslinking, the gel strength can be further improved, and the water retention amount and the absorption amount under load that are desirable in actual use can be satisfied.
- a method for cross-linking the surface of the water-absorbent resin As a method for cross-linking the surface of the water-absorbent resin, a conventionally known method, for example, a method in which the water-absorbent resin is made into particles and then mixed with a surface cross-linking agent (d), a mixed solution of water and a solvent, and subjected to a heat reaction.
- a surface cross-linking agent a mixed solution of water and a solvent
- the mixing method include spraying the mixed solution onto the water-absorbing resin or dipping the crosslinked polymer into the mixed solution.
- the mixed solution is sprayed onto the water-absorbing resin and mixed. Is the method.
- Examples of the surface cross-linking agent (d) include polyglycidyl compounds such as ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerol diglycidyl ether and polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin and ethylene glycol, ethylene carbonate, polyamine and polyvalent A metal compound etc. are mentioned. Among these, a polyglycidyl compound is preferable in that a crosslinking reaction can be performed at a relatively low temperature. These surface crosslinking agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the surface crosslinking agent (d) used is preferably 0.001 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.005 to 2% by weight, based on the weight of the water-absorbent resin before crosslinking.
- the amount of the surface cross-linking agent (d) used is less than 0.001% by weight, the degree of surface cross-linking is insufficient, and the effect of improving the amount of absorption under load may be insufficient.
- the amount of use of (d) exceeds 5% by weight, the degree of cross-linking on the surface becomes excessive, and the water retention amount may decrease.
- the amount of water used for surface crosslinking is preferably 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 2 to 7% by weight, based on the weight of the water absorbent resin before crosslinking.
- the amount of water used is less than 1% by weight, the degree of penetration of the surface cross-linking agent (d) into the water-absorbent resin particles becomes insufficient, and the effect of improving the amount of absorption under load may be poor.
- the amount of water used exceeds 10% by weight, penetration of the surface cross-linking agent (d) into the inside becomes excessive, and although an improvement in the amount of absorption under load is observed, the amount of water retained may decrease.
- the solvent used in combination with water at the time of surface cross-linking conventionally known solvents can be used, the degree of penetration of the surface cross-linking agent (d) into the water-absorbent resin particles, and the reactivity of the surface cross-linking agent (d).
- it is preferably a hydrophilic organic solvent that can be dissolved in water such as methanol and diethylene glycol.
- a solvent may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together.
- the amount of the solvent used can be appropriately adjusted depending on the type of the solvent, but is preferably 1 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the water-absorbent resin before surface crosslinking.
- the ratio of the solvent to water can be arbitrarily adjusted, but it is preferably 20 to 80% by weight, more preferably 30 to 70% by weight based on the weight.
- a mixed solution of the surface crosslinking agent (d), water and a solvent is mixed with the water-absorbent resin particles, and a heating reaction is performed.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 100 to 230 ° C, more preferably 120 to 160 ° C.
- the reaction time can be appropriately adjusted depending on the reaction temperature, but it is preferably 3 to 60 minutes, more preferably 10 to 40 minutes.
- the particulate water-absorbing resin obtained by surface cross-linking can be further subjected to surface cross-linking using the same or different type of surface cross-linking agent as the first used surface cross-linking agent.
- a step of adjusting the particle size by sieving as necessary after surface cross-linking may be performed.
- the weight average particle size of the particles obtained after the particle size adjustment is preferably 100 to 600 ⁇ m, more preferably 200 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the content of fine particles is preferably small, the content of particles of 100 ⁇ m or less is preferably 3% by weight or less, and the content of particles of 150 ⁇ m or less is more preferably 3% by weight or less.
- Inorganic powders, organic fibrous materials and the like can be added, and the amount thereof is 5% by weight or less based on the weight of the obtained water-absorbent resin.
- a treatment for forming a foamed structure may be performed at any stage in the method of the present invention, and granulation and molding may be performed.
- the water retention amount (g / g) of the water-absorbent resin particles obtained by the production method of the present invention with respect to physiological saline at 25 ° C. is preferably 30 or more, more preferably 32 or more, and particularly preferably 34 or more. If it is less than 30, the leakage of the absorbent article is deteriorated.
- the water retention amount is measured by the method described later.
- the apparent density (g / ml) of the water-absorbent resin particles obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably 0.54 to 0.70, more preferably 0.56 to 0.65, and particularly preferably 0.58 to 0.60. Within this range, the anti-fogging property of the absorbent article is further improved.
- the apparent density can be measured at 25 ° C. in accordance with, for example, JIS K7365: 1999.
- the water absorbent resin particles obtained by the production method of the present invention may be used alone as an absorber, or may be used together with other materials as an absorber.
- Examples of other materials include fibrous materials.
- the structure and production method of the absorbent when used together with the fibrous material are the same as those known (JP 2003-225565 A, JP 2006-131767 A, JP 2005-097569 A, etc.). is there.
- Preferred as the fibrous material are cellulose fibers, organic synthetic fibers, and a mixture of cellulose fibers and organic synthetic fibers.
- cellulosic fibers examples include natural fibers such as fluff pulp, and cellulosic chemical fibers such as viscose rayon, acetate, and cupra.
- raw materials conifers, hardwoods, etc.
- production methods chemical pulp, semi-chemical pulp, mechanical pulp, CTMP, etc.
- bleaching methods etc. of this cellulose-based natural fiber.
- organic synthetic fibers examples include polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers, polyamide fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, polyester fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyurethane fibers, and heat-fusible composite fibers (the above fibers having different melting points). And a fiber obtained by compounding at least two of the above into a sheath core type, an eccentric type, a parallel type, and the like, a fiber obtained by blending at least two kinds of the above fibers, and a fiber obtained by modifying the surface layer of the above fibers).
- fibrous base materials preferred are cellulose-based natural fibers, polypropylene-based fibers, polyethylene-based fibers, polyester-based fibers, heat-fusible composite fibers, and mixed fibers thereof, and more preferable are obtained.
- the fluff pulp, the heat-fusible conjugate fiber, and the mixed fiber thereof are used in that the shape-retaining property of the obtained water-absorbing agent after water absorption is excellent.
- the length and thickness of the fibrous material are not particularly limited and can be suitably used as long as the length is 1 to 200 mm and the thickness is in the range of 0.1 to 100 denier.
- the shape is not particularly limited as long as it is fibrous, and examples thereof include a thin cylindrical shape, a split yarn shape, a staple shape, a filament shape, and a web shape.
- the weight ratio of the water-absorbent resin particles to the fibers is preferably 40/60 to 90/10, More preferably, it is 70/30 to 80/20.
- the absorbent body containing the water-absorbent resin particles can be used as an absorbent article.
- the absorbent article is applicable not only to sanitary articles such as paper diapers and sanitary napkins, but also to various uses such as absorption of various aqueous liquids described below, use as a retention agent, and use as a gelling agent.
- the manufacturing method and the like of the absorbent article are the same as known ones (described in JP 2003-225565 A, JP 2006-131767 A, JP 2005-097569 A, etc.).
- ⁇ Measurement method 1 of molecular weight and molecular weight distribution The number average molecular weight (Mn), the weight average molecular weight (Mw), and the molecular weight distribution PDI (Mw / Mn) of the polymer having no cationic group were measured using the following apparatus and conditions.
- Apparatus Gel permeation chromatograph “HLC-8120GPC”, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation [2] Column: “TSKgelG6000PWxl”, “TSKgelG3000PWxl” [both manufactured by Tosoh Corporation] connected in series.
- Reference material polyethylene glycol
- Injection condition sample concentration 0.25 wt%, column temperature 40 ° C.
- ⁇ Measurement method 2 of molecular weight and molecular weight distribution The number average molecular weight (Mn), weight average molecular weight (Mw), and molecular weight distribution PDI (Mw / Mn) of the polymer having a cationic group were measured using the following apparatus and conditions.
- Apparatus Gel permeation chromatograph “HLC-8120GPC”, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation
- Reference material polyethylene glycol
- Injection condition sample concentration 0.25 wt%, column temperature 40 ° C.
- ⁇ Measurement method of water retention amount> 1.00 g of a measurement sample is placed in a tea bag (20 cm long, 10 cm wide) made of a nylon net having a mesh size of 63 ⁇ m (JIS Z8801-1: 2006), and 1,000 ml of physiological saline (saline concentration 0.9%). The sample was immersed for 1 hour without stirring and then pulled up, suspended for 15 minutes and drained. Thereafter, each tea bag was placed in a centrifuge, centrifuged at 150 G for 90 seconds to remove excess physiological saline, and the weight (h1) including the tea bag was measured to obtain the water retention amount from the following formula. (H2) is the weight of the tea bag measured by the same operation as described above when there is no measurement sample. In addition, the temperature of the used physiological saline and measurement atmosphere was 25 degreeC +/- 2 degreeC. Water retention amount (g / g) (h1) ⁇ (h2)
- a pressure shaft 9 (heavy weight) on which the circular wire mesh 8 (mesh size 150 ⁇ m, diameter 25 mm) is coupled perpendicularly to the wire mesh surface on the swollen gel particles 2. (22 g, length 47 cm) is placed so that the wire mesh and the swollen gel particles are in contact with each other, and a weight 10 (88.5 g) is placed on the pressure shaft 9 and allowed to stand for 1 minute.
- the cock 7 is opened, the time (T1; second) required for the liquid level in the filtration cylindrical tube to change from the 60 ml scale line 4 to the 40 ml scale line 5 is measured, and the gel flow rate (ml / min) is calculated from the following equation.
- Ask for. Gel flow rate (ml / min) 20 ml ⁇ 60 / (T1-T2)
- T2 is the time measured by the same operation as described above when there is no measurement sample.
- Example 2 Production of 2-iodopropionic acid amide 11.8 parts of sodium iodide was added to a solution of 10.0 parts of 2-bromopropionic acid amide in 70 parts of acetone and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. Acetone in the reaction mixture was distilled off under reduced pressure, followed by separation / extraction with dichloromethane-water. The obtained organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 11.1 parts of 2-iodopropionic acid amide.
- 1 HNMR 400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): ⁇ 1.75 (d, 3H), 4.47 (q, 1H), 7.27 (d, 2H, NH 2 )
- Table 2 shows the solubility of each iodine compound produced in Examples 1 to 6 in water at 20 ° C.
- Example 7 A mixed solution of 105 parts of acrylic acid and 69 parts of ion-exchanged water was neutralized by adding 172 parts of a 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution under ice-cooling while controlling the temperature so as not to exceed 40 ° C. with stirring. By introducing nitrogen gas into the solution, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the solution was 0.2 ppm or less, and the solution temperature was 10 ° C. To this solution, 1.7 parts of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution, 0.4 part of 1% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution and 0.8 part of 2% ascorbic acid aqueous solution were added and mixed to start polymerization. For 6 hours to obtain an aqueous solution containing the polymer (A-1) of the present invention. The polymer (A-1) had a Mn of 516,000 and a PDI of 3.35.
- Example 7 was the same as Example 7 except that 1.7 parts of a 1% 2-iodopropionic acid amide aqueous solution was used instead of 1.7 parts of a 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution. Operation was performed to obtain an aqueous solution containing the polymer (A-2) of the present invention.
- the Mn of the polymer (A-2) was 602,000, and the PDI was 3.59.
- Example 9 In Example 7, 1.7 parts of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution of 2-hydroxyethyl instead of 1.7 parts of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution was used. The same operation as in Example 7 was performed to obtain an aqueous solution containing the polymer (A-3) of the present invention.
- the polymer (A-3) had a Mn of 625,000 and a PDI of 3.44.
- Example 7 was the same as Example 7 except that 1.7 parts of a 1% ⁇ -iodo- ⁇ -butyrolactone aqueous solution was used instead of 1.7 parts of a 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution.
- an aqueous solution containing the polymer (A-4) of the present invention was obtained.
- the polymer (A-4) had a Mn of 588,000 and a PDI of 3.56.
- Example 11 In Example 7, except that 1.7 parts of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution was used instead of 1.7 parts of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution. The same operation as in No. 7 was performed to obtain an aqueous solution containing the polymer (A-5) of the present invention.
- the polymer (A-5) had an Mn of 545,000 and a PDI of 3.36.
- Example 7 except that 1.7 parts of a 1% aqueous solution of 2-iodo-2-phenylacetic acid in place of 1.7 parts of a 1% aqueous solution of 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid was used in Example 7. The same operation was carried out to obtain an aqueous solution containing the polymer (A-6) of the present invention.
- the polymer (A-6) had an Mn of 637,000 and a PDI of 3.60.
- Example 13 By introducing nitrogen gas into a mixed solution of 105 parts of acrylic acid and 242 parts of ion exchange water, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the solution was 0.2 ppm or less, and the solution temperature was 10 ° C. To this solution, 1.7 parts of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution, 0.4 part of 1% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution and 0.8 part of 2% ascorbic acid aqueous solution were added and mixed to start polymerization.
- the mixture was reacted for 6 hours, and then 87 parts of a 49% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 24 hours and neutralization to obtain an aqueous solution containing the polymer (A-7) of the present invention.
- the polymer (A-7) had an Mn of 646,000 and a PDI of 3.45.
- Example 14 Nitrogen gas was introduced into a mixed solution of 100 parts of a 79% aqueous solution of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride and 295 parts of ion-exchanged water so that the amount of dissolved oxygen in the solution was 0.2 ppm or less and the solution temperature was 45 ° C. To this solution, 2.0 parts of a 5% sodium 2-iodo-2-methylpropionate aqueous solution and 3.0 parts of a 5% 2,2′-azobisamidinopropane dihydrochloride aqueous solution were added and mixed to initiate polymerization. For 6 hours to obtain an aqueous solution containing the polymer (A-8) of the present invention. The polymer (A-8) had an Mn of 182,000 and a PDI of 1.61.
- Comparative Example 1 An aqueous solution containing the comparative polymer (R-1) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 7 except that 1.7 parts of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution was not used. Got. The comparative polymer (R-1) had Mn of 397,000 and PDI of 6.09.
- Example 7 In Example 7, the same procedure as in Example 7 was used, except that 0.02 part of 2-iodo-2-phenylacetic acid was used instead of 1.7 parts of a 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution. And an aqueous solution containing the comparative polymer (R-2) was obtained.
- the comparative polymer (R-2) had a Mn of 412,000 and a PDI of 5.81.
- Example 7 was the same as Example 7 except that 0.02 part of 2-iodo-2-methylpropionitrile was used instead of 1.7 parts of a 1% aqueous solution of 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid. Operation was performed to obtain an aqueous solution containing a comparative polymer (R-3).
- the comparative polymer (R-3) had Mn of 472,000 and PDI of 4.51.
- Example 7 In Example 7, the same operation as in Example 7 was carried out except that 0.02 part of ⁇ -iodobenzylcyanide was used instead of 1.7 part of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution. An aqueous solution containing the comparative polymer (R-4) was obtained.
- the comparative polymer (R-4) had a Mn of 407,000 and a PDI of 5.90.
- Example 7 In Example 7, the same operation as in Example 7 was carried out except that 0.02 part of ethyl 2-iodopropionate was used instead of 1.7 part of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution. An aqueous solution containing a comparative polymer (R-5) was obtained.
- the comparative polymer (R-5) had Mn of 421,000 and PDI of 5.54.
- Example 7 was the same as Example 7 except that 0.02 part of ethyl 2-iodo-2-methylpropionate was used instead of 1.7 parts of a 1% aqueous solution of 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid. Operation was performed to obtain an aqueous solution containing a comparative polymer (R-6).
- the comparative polymer (R-6) had Mn of 427,000 and PDI of 5.28.
- Example 7 In Example 13, the same procedure as in Example 13 was performed, except that 0.02 part of ethyl 2-iodopropionate was used instead of 1.7 part of a 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution. An aqueous solution containing a comparative polymer (R-7) was obtained.
- the comparative polymer aqueous solution (R-7) had Mn of 746,000 and PDI of 5.52.
- Example 14 In Example 14, the same procedure as in Example 14 was performed, except that 0.1 part of ethyl 2-iodopropionate was used instead of 2.0 parts of 5% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution. An aqueous solution containing a comparative polymer (R-8) was obtained.
- the comparative polymer aqueous solution (R-8) had Mn of 226,000 and PDI of 3.12.
- Table 3 shows Mn and PDI of the obtained polymers (A-1) to (A-8) and comparative polymers (R-1) to (R-8).
- the polymer of the present invention obtained using the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization of the present invention has a smaller PDI and a smaller molecular weight distribution than the polymer of the comparative example.
- Example 15 A mixed solution of 300 parts of acrylic acid, polyethylene glycol # 400 diacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a cross-linking agent and 439 parts of ion-exchanged water was added with 247 parts of a 49% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at 40 ° C.
- the monomer aqueous solution was prepared by neutralizing it while controlling the temperature so as not to exceed the temperature, and this mixed solution was put into a polymerization tank capable of adiabatic polymerization. By introducing nitrogen gas into the solution, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the solution was 0.2 ppm or less, and the solution temperature was 10 ° C.
- the water-containing gel was cut into small pieces of 5 to 10 mm square using scissors, and further broken into small pieces using a meat chopper, and then the supply air temperature was 150 ° C. using an aerated hot air dryer (manufactured by Inoue Metal). Then, it was dried by ventilation until the water content became 4% under the condition of wind speed of 1.5 m / sec.
- the dried product was pulverized with a juicer mixer (OSTERIZER BLENDER manufactured by Oster) and then sieved to adjust the particle size to a particle size range of 710 to 150 ⁇ m to obtain water absorbent resin particles (A1-1).
- Example 16 In Example 15, the same operation as in Example 15 was performed, except that the amount of the 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution was changed from 4.8 parts to 1.5 parts. Resin particles (A2-2) were obtained.
- a monomer aqueous solution is prepared by mixing 300 parts of acrylic acid, 0.98 part of pentaerythritol triallyl ether (manufactured by Osaka Soda) as a crosslinking agent and 687 parts of ion-exchanged water. I put it in. By introducing nitrogen gas into the solution, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the solution was 0.2 ppm or less, and the solution temperature was 5 ° C.
- Example 18 In Example 17, the same operation as in Example 17 was performed, except that the amount of the 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution was changed from 4.8 parts to 1.5 parts. Resin particles (A2-4) were obtained.
- Example 15 (Comparative Example 9) In Example 15, the same procedure as in Example 15 was performed, except that 4.8 parts of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution was not used, and comparative water absorbent resin particles (R2-1) were obtained. Obtained.
- Example 15 In Example 15, the same procedure as in Example 15 was performed, except that 0.05 part of ethyl 2-iodopropionate was used instead of 4.8 parts of 1% 2-iodo-2-methylpropionic acid aqueous solution. Comparative water absorbent resin particles (R2-2) were obtained.
- the obtained water-absorbing resin particles (A2-1) to (A2-4) and comparative water-absorbing resin particles (R2-1) to (R2-2) have a water retention amount, an absorption amount under load, and a gel flow rate.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 4.
- the water-absorbent resin particles obtained using the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization of the present invention have a higher water retention capacity than the water-absorbent resin particles of the comparative example.
- the absorption capacity under load and the gel fluid permeability are maintained to be equal while having a water retention capacity superior to that of the water-absorbent resin of the comparative example, and the absorption performance is dramatically improved.
- the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization of the present invention exhibits excellent molecular weight control function in the presence of water, particularly in an aqueous solution polymerization system, and is easy to handle. Therefore, controlled radical polymerization of various water-soluble monomers. Can be suitably used.
- the water-soluble monomer polymer obtained by using the molecular weight control agent for radical polymerization according to the present invention has a narrow molecular weight distribution, and has excellent thickening, rheology control, dispersion, aggregation and adhesion unprecedented. Because of its function, it is useful in the fields of cosmetics / toiletries, textile processing, paints / inks, electronics, papermaking, civil engineering / architecture, and water treatment.
- the water-absorbent resin particles obtained by the production method of the present invention can achieve both water retention, liquid permeability between swollen gels and absorption performance under load, and can be applied to various absorbers. Since it can be made into an absorbent article that absorbs a lot and has excellent reversibility and surface dryness, it can be used for disposable diapers (children's diapers, adult diapers, etc.), napkins (sanitary napkins, etc.), paper towels, pads ( It is suitably used for sanitary goods such as incontinence pads and surgical underpads) and pet sheets (pet urine absorbing sheets), and is particularly suitable for disposable diapers.
- the water-absorbent resin particles obtained by the production method of the present invention are not only sanitary products, but also pet urine absorbents, urine gelling agents for portable toilets, freshness retaining agents such as fruits and vegetables, meat and seafood drip absorbents, It is also useful for various applications such as cold insulation agents, disposable warmers, gelling agents for batteries, water retention agents for plants and soil, anti-condensation agents, water-stopping materials and packing materials, and artificial snow.
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Abstract
Description
本発明はまた、水溶性ビニルモノマー(a1)及び/又は加水分解により水溶性ビニルモノマー(a1)となるビニルモノマー(a2)を含む原料ビニルモノマーをラジカル重合する工程を含む重合体の製造方法であって、上述のラジカル重合用分子量制御剤及び水の存在下でラジカル重合を行うことを特徴とする重合体の製造方法でもある。
さらに本発明は、上述の製造方法により製造される重合体でもある。
ハロゲン原子としては、具体的には、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、等の原子があげられる。
(i)R2 、R3が結合した環:シクロペンタン環、ピロリジン環、オキサゾリジン環、チアゾリジン環、テトラヒドロフラン環、シクロヘキサン環、ジオキサン環、テトラヒドロチオフェン環等
(ii)R4、R5が結合した環:ピロリジン環、ピロール環、トリアゾール環、ピペリジン環、ピペラジン環、ピペラジノン環、モルホリン環等
(iii)XとR2又はR3が結合した環:γ-ブチロラクトン環、δ-バレロラクトン環、
(iiii)R2とR4が結合した環:2-ピロリドン環、スクシンイミド環、2-ピペリドン環、グルタルイミド環等を挙げることができる。
これらラジカル重合用分子量制御剤は単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
(i)炭素数8~30の芳香族エチレン性モノマー
スチレン、α-メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン及びヒドロキシスチレン等のスチレン、並びにビニルナフタレン及びジクロルスチレン等のスチレンのハロゲン置換体等。
(ii)炭素数2~20の脂肪族エチレン性モノマー
アルケン(エチレン、プロピレン、ブテン、イソブチレン、ペンテン、ヘプテン、ジイソブチレン、オクテン、ドデセン及びオクタデセン等);並びにアルカジエン(ブタジエン及びイソプレン等)等。
(iii)炭素数5~15の脂環式エチレン性モノマー
モノエチレン性不飽和モノマー(ピネン、リモネン及びインデン等);並びにポリエチレン性ビニルモノマー[シクロペンタジエン、ビシクロペンタジエン及びエチリデンノルボルネン等]等。
水溶液重合を行う場合、有機溶媒の使用量(重量%)は、水の重量を基準として40以下が好ましく、更に好ましくは30以下である。
アルカリは、公知{特許第3205168号公報等}のものが使用できる。これらのうち、吸水性能の観点から、水酸化リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム及び水酸化カリウムが好ましく、さらに好ましくは水酸化ナトリウム及び水酸化カリウム、特に好ましくは水酸化ナトリウムである。中和率は、通液性の観点から、50~100%が好ましく、更に好ましくは、60~80%である。
溶媒の使用量は、溶媒の種類により適宜調整できるが、表面架橋前の吸水性樹脂の重量に基づいて、好ましくは1~10重量%である。また、水に対する溶媒の比率についても任意に調整することができるが、好ましくは重量基準で20~80重量%、更に好ましくは30~70重量%である。
他の材料としては繊維状物等が挙げられる。繊維状物と共に用いた場合の吸収体の構造及び製造方法等は、公知のもの(特開2003-225565号公報、特開2006-131767号公報及び特開2005-097569号公報等)と同様である。
カチオン性基を有しない重合体の数平均分子量(Mn)、重量平均分子量(Mw)、分子量分布PDI(Mw/Mn)は、下記装置及び条件を用いて測定した。
[1]装置:ゲルパーミエイションクロマトグラフ 「HLC-8120GPC」、東ソー(株)製
[2]カラム:「TSKgelG6000PWxl」、「TSKgelG3000PWxl」[いずれも東ソー(株)製]を直列に連結。
[3]溶離液:メタノール/水=30/70(容量比)に0.5重量%の酢酸ナトリウムを溶解させたもの。
[4]基準物質:ポリエチレングリコール
[5]注入条件:サンプル濃度0.25重量%、カラム温度40℃
カチオン基を有する重合体の数平均分子量(Mn)、重量平均分子量(Mw)、分子量分布PDI(Mw/Mn)は、下記装置及び条件を用いて測定した。
[1]装置:ゲルパーミエイションクロマトグラフ「HLC-8120GPC」、東ソー(株)製
[2]カラム:「TSKgelG6000PWxl―CP」、「TSKgelG3000PWxl―CP」[いずれも東ソー(株)製]を直列に連結。
[3]溶離液:メタノール/水=30/70(容量比)に0.5重量%の酢酸ナトリウムを溶解させたもの。
[4]基準物質:ポリエチレングリコール
[5]注入条件:サンプル濃度0.25重量%、カラム温度40℃
目開き63μm(JIS Z8801-1:2006)のナイロン網で作製したティーバッグ(縦20cm、横10cm)に測定試料1.00gを入れ、生理食塩水(食塩濃度0.9%)1,000ml中に無撹拌下、1時間浸漬した後引き上げて、15分間吊るして水切りした。その後、ティーバッグごと、遠心分離器にいれ、150Gで90秒間遠心脱水して余剰の生理食塩水を取り除き、ティーバックを含めた重量(h1)を測定し次式から保水量を求めた。(h2)は、測定試料の無い場合について上記と同様の操作により計測したティーバックの重量である。なお、使用した生理食塩水及び測定雰囲気の温度は25℃±2℃であった。
保水量(g/g)=(h1)-(h2)
目開き63μm(JIS Z8801-1:2006)のナイロン網を底面に貼った円筒型プラスチックチューブ(内径:25mm、高さ:34mm)内に、30メッシュふるいと60メッシュふるいを用いて250~500μmの範囲にふるい分けした測定試料0.16gを秤量し、円筒型プラスチックチューブを垂直にしてナイロン網上に測定試料がほぼ均一厚さになるように整えた後、この測定試料の上に分銅(重量:310.6g、外径:24.5mm、)を乗せた。この円筒型プラスチックチューブ全体の重量(M1)を計量した後、生理食塩水(食塩濃度0.9%)60mlの入ったシャーレ(直径:12cm)の中に測定試料及び分銅の入った円筒型プラスチックチューブを垂直に立ててナイロン網側を下面にして浸し、60分静置した。60分後に、円筒型プラスチックチューブをシャーレから引き上げ、これを斜めに傾けて底部に付着した水を一箇所に集めて水滴として垂らすことで余分な水を除去した後、測定試料及び分銅の入った円筒型プラスチックチューブ全体の重量(M2)を計量し、次式から加圧下吸収量を求めた。なお、使用した生理食塩水及び測定雰囲気の温度は25℃±2℃であった。
荷重下吸収量(g/g)={(M2)-(M1)}/0.16
図1及び図2で示される器具を用いて以下の操作により測定した。
測定試料0.32gを150ml生理食塩水1(食塩濃度0.9%)に30分間浸漬して膨潤ゲル粒子2を調製する。そして、垂直に立てた円筒3{直径(内径)25.4mm、長さ40cm、底部から60mlの位置及び40mlの位置にそれぞれ目盛り線4及び目盛り線5が設けてある。}の底部に、金網6(目開き106μm、JIS Z8801-1:2006)と、開閉自在のコック7(通液部の内径5mm)とを有する濾過円筒管内に、コック7を閉鎖した状態で、調製した膨潤ゲル粒子2を生理食塩水と共に移した後、この膨潤ゲル粒子2の上に円形金網8(目開き150μm、直径25mm)が金網面に対して垂直に結合する加圧軸9(重さ22g、長さ47cm)を金網と膨潤ゲル粒子とが接触するように載せ、更に加圧軸9におもり10(88.5g)を載せ、1分間静置する。引き続き、コック7を開き、濾過円筒管内の液面が60ml目盛り線4から40ml目盛り線5になるのに要する時間(T1;秒)を計測し、次式よりゲル通液速度(ml/min)を求める。
ゲル通液速度(ml/min)=20ml×60/(T1-T2)
なお、使用する生理食塩水及び測定雰囲気の温度は25℃±2℃で行い、T2は測定試料の無い場合について上記と同様の操作により計測した時間である。
(参考例1)2-ヨード-2-フェニル酢酸の製造
2-ブロモー2-フェニル酢酸10.0部のアセトン50部溶液に8.4部のヨウ化ナトリウムを加え、室温で2時間撹拌させた。反応混合物中のアセトンを減圧留去し、ジクロロメタン-水で分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、減圧留去することで、2-ヨード-2-フェニル酢酸10.9部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3): δ5.56(s,1H),7.33(m,3H),7.61(m,2H)
2-ブロモ-2-メチルプロピオニトリル10.0 部のアセトン180部溶液に50.7部のヨウ化ナトリウムを加え、55℃で20時間撹拌させた。反応混合物中のアセトンを減圧留去し、ジクロロメタン-水で分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、減圧留去することで、2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオニトリル10.2部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3): δ2.22(s,6H)
α-ブロモベンジルシアニド10.0部のアセトン50部溶液に9.2部のヨウ化ナトリウムを加え、室温で2時間撹拌させた。反応混合物中のアセトンを減圧留去し、ジクロロメタン-水で分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、減圧留去することで、α-ヨードベンジルシアニド10.7部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3): δ5.62(s,1H),7.38(m,3H),7.54(m,2H)
2-ブロモプロピオン酸エチル10.0部のアセトン60部溶液に9.9部のヨウ化ナトリウムを加え、室温で2時間撹拌させた。反応混合物中のアセトンを減圧留去し、ジクロロメタン-水で分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、減圧留去することで、2-ヨードプロピオン酸エチル11.4部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3): δ1.28(t,3H),1.96(d,3H),4.21(m,2H),4.47(q,1H)
2-ブロモ-2-メチルプロピオン酸エチル10.0部のアセトン140部溶液に38.4部のヨウ化ナトリウムを加え、55℃で19時間撹拌させた。反応混合物中のアセトンを減圧留去し、ジクロロメタン-水で分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、減圧留去することで、2-ヨードー2-メチルプロピオン酸エチル9.5部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3): δ1.30(t,3H),2.08(s,6H),4.22(q,2H)
2-ブロモ-2-メチルプロピオン酸10.0部のアセトン160部溶液にヨウ化ナトリウム44.9部を加え、55℃で18時間撹拌した。反応混合物中のアセトンを減圧留去し、ジクロロメタン-水で分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、減圧留去することで、2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸10.1部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3): δ2.10(s,6H)
2-ブロモプロピオン酸アミド10.0部のアセトン70部溶液に11.8部のヨウ化ナトリウムを加え、室温で2時間撹拌させた。反応混合物中のアセトンを減圧留去し、ジクロロメタン-水で分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、減圧留去することで、2-ヨードプロピオン酸アミド11.1部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6): δ1.75(d,3H),4.47(q,1H), 7.27(d,2H,NH2)
2-ブロモ-2-メチルプロピオン酸2-ヒドロキシエチル10.0部のアセトン130部溶液に35.5部のヨウ化ナトリウムを加え、55℃で20時間撹拌させた。反応混合物中のアセトンを減圧留去し、ジクロロメタン-水で分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、減圧留去することで、2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸2-ヒドロキシエチル9.5部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3): δ2.06(s,6H),2.42(m,1H,OH),3.83(m,2H),4.25(m,2H)
α-ブロモ-γ-ブチロラクトン10.0部のアセトン60部溶液に10.9部のヨウ化ナトリウムを加え、室温で2時間撹拌させた。反応混合物中のアセトンを減圧留去し、ジクロロメタン-水で分液抽出した。得られた有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、減圧留去することで、α-ヨード-γ-ブチロラクトン11.2部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3): δ2.38(m,1H),2.68(m,1H),4.42(m,2H),4.52(m,1H)
2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸10.0部のエタノール50部溶液に1.9gの水酸化ナトリウムを加え、室温で30分間撹拌させた。反応混合物を減圧留去し、2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸ナトリウム10.9部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,D2O): δ1.92(s,6H)
2-ヨード-2-フェニル酢酸10.0部のエタノール40部溶液に1.5部の水酸化ナトリウムを加え、室温で30分間撹拌させた。反応混合物を減圧留去し、2-ヨード-2-フェニル酢酸ナトリウム10.7部を得た。
1HNMR(400MHz,D2O): δ5.57(s,1H),7.24(m,3H),7.45 (m,2H)
(実施例7)
アクリル酸105部及びイオン交換水69部の混合液に、氷冷下、25%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液172部を攪拌下、40℃を超えないように温度管理をしながら加えて中和した。溶液中に窒素ガスを導入することにより、溶液中の溶存酸素量を0.2ppm以下とし、溶液温度を10℃とした。この溶液に、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部、1%過酸化水素水溶液0.4部、2%アスコルビン酸水溶液0.8部を添加・混合し重合を開始させ、6時間反応を行い本発明の重合体(A-1)を含む水溶液を得た。重合体(A-1)のMnは516,000、PDIは3.35であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりに1%の2-ヨードプロピオン酸アミド水溶液1.7部を用いた以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、本発明の重合体(A-2)を含む水溶液を得た。重合体(A-2)のMnは602,000、PDIは3.59であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりに1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸2-ヒドロキシエチル水溶液1.7部を用いた以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、本発明の重合体(A-3)を含む水溶液を得た。重合体(A-3)のMnは625,000、PDIは3.44であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりに1%のα-ヨード-γ-ブチロラクトン水溶液1.7部を用いた以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、本発明の重合体(A-4)を含む水溶液を得た。重合体(A-4)のMnは588,000、PDIは3.56であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりに1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸ナトリウム水溶液1.7部を用いた以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、本発明の重合体(A-5)を含む水溶液を得た。重合体(A-5)のMnは545,000、PDIは3.36であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりに1%の2-ヨード-2-フェニル酢酸ナトリウム水溶液1.7部を用いた以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、本発明の重合体(A-6)を含む水溶液を得た。重合体(A-6)のMnは637,000、PDIは3.60であった。
アクリル酸105部及びイオン交換水242部の混合溶液中に窒素ガスを導入することにより、溶液中の溶存酸素量を0.2ppm以下とし、溶液温度を10℃とした。この溶液に、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部、1%過酸化水素水溶液0.4部、2%アスコルビン酸水溶液0.8部を添加・混合し重合を開始させ、6時間反応を行い、次いで49%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液87部を加え、24時間攪拌し中和して本発明の重合体(A-7)を含む水溶液を得た。重合体(A-7)のMnは646,000、PDIは3.45であった。
メタクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド79%水溶液100部、イオン交換水295部の混合液に窒素ガスを導入することにより、溶液中の溶存酸素量を0.2ppm以下とし、溶液温度45℃とした。この溶液に5%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸ナトリウム水溶液2.0部、5%の2,2’-アゾビスアミジノプロパンジハイドロクロライド水溶液3.0部を添加・混合し重合を開始させ、6時間反応を行い本発明の重合体(A-8)を含む水溶液を得た。重合体(A-8)のMnは182,000およびPDIは1.61であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部を用いなかったこと以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、比較重合体(R-1)を含む水溶液を得た。比較重合体(R-1)のMnは397,000およびPDIは6.09であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりに2-ヨード-2-フェニル酢酸0.02部を用いた以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、比較重合体(R-2)を含む水溶液を得た。比較重合体(R-2)のMnは412,000およびPDIは5.81であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりに2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオニトリル0.02部を用いた以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、比較重合体(R-3)を含む水溶液を得た。比較重合体(R-3)のMnは472,000およびPDIは4.51であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりにα-ヨードベンジルシアニド0.02部を用いた以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、比較重合体(R-4)を含む水溶液を得た。比較重合体(R-4)のMnは407,000およびPDIは5.90であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりに2-ヨードプロピオン酸エチル0.02部を用いた以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、比較重合体(R-5)を含む水溶液を得た。比較重合体(R-5)のMnは421,000およびPDIは5.54であった。
実施例7において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりに2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸エチル0.02部を用いた以外は実施例7と同様の操作を行い、比較重合体(R-6)を含む水溶液を得た。比較重合体(R-6)のMnは427,000およびPDIは5.28であった。
実施例13において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液1.7部の代わりに2-ヨードプロピオン酸エチル0.02部を用いた以外は実施例13と同様の操作を行い、比較重合体(R-7)を含む水溶液を得た。比較重合体水溶液(R-7)のMnは746,000およびPDIは5.52であった。
実施例14において、5%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液2.0部の代わりに2-ヨードプロピオン酸エチル0.1部を用いた以外は実施例14と同様の操作を行い、比較重合体(R-8)を含む水溶液を得た。比較重合体水溶液(R-8)のMnは226,000およびPDIは3.12であった。
(実施例15)
アクリル酸300部、架橋剤としてのポリエチレングリコール#400ジアクリレート(新中村化学製)及びイオン交換水439部の混合液に、氷冷下、49%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液247部を攪拌下、40℃を超えないように温度管理をしながら加えて中和してモノマー水溶液を調製し、この混合液を断熱重合可能な重合槽に投入した。溶液中に窒素ガスを導入することにより、溶液中の溶存酸素量を0.2ppm以下とし、溶液温度を10℃とした。この重合溶液に、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液4.8部、1%過酸化水素水溶液1.2部、2%アスコルビン酸水溶液2.3部及び2%の2,2’-アゾビス[N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)-2-メチルプロパンアミド]水溶液4.5部を添加・混合した。重合開始を示す温度上昇が確認されてから約1時間後に90℃でほぼ平衡に達し、更に5時間熟成して含水ゲル状重合体を得た。
この含水ゲルを、はさみを用いて5~10mm角の小片に細断した後、ミートチョッパーを用いて更に小片に破断した後、通気熱風乾燥機(井上金属製)を用い、供給風温150℃、風速1.5m/秒の条件下で含水率が4%となるまで通気乾燥した。乾燥体をジューサーミキサー(Oster社製OSTERIZER BLENDER)にて粉砕した後、ふるい分けして、目開き710~150μmの粒子径範囲に調整して、吸水性樹脂粒子(A1-1)を得た。
吸水性樹脂(A1-1)100部を攪拌(ホソカワミクロン製高速攪拌タービュライザー:回転数2000rpm)しながら、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル0.10部、水2.3部、プロピレングリコール1.4部及びナトリウムミョウバン0.24部からなる溶液を添加して混合し、140℃で45分加熱して表面架橋を行い、本発明の吸水性樹脂粒子(A2-1)を得た。
実施例15において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液の量を4.8部から1.5部に変更する以外は、実施例15と同様の操作を行い、本発明の吸水性樹脂粒子(A2-2)を得た。
アクリル酸300部、架橋剤としてのペンタエリスリトールトリアリルエーテル(大阪ソーダ製)0.98部及びイオン交換水687部を混合してモノマー水溶液を調製し、この混合液を断熱重合可能な重合槽に投入した。溶液中に窒素ガスを導入することにより、溶液中の溶存酸素量を0.2ppm以下とし、溶液温度を5℃とした。この重合溶液に、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液4.8部、1%過酸化水素水溶液1.2部、2%アスコルビン酸水溶液2.3部及び2%の2,2’-アゾビス[N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)-2-メチルプロパンアミド]水溶液4.5部を添加・混合した。重合開始を示す温度上昇が確認されてから約1時間後に90℃でほぼ平衡に達し、更に5時間熟成して含水ゲル状重合体を得た。
この含水ゲル状重合体を、ミートチョッパーを用いて小片に砕断しながら、49%のNaOH水溶液247部を添加し、重合体中のカルボキシル基の約72モル%をナトリウム塩とした。この中和された含水ゲルを、通気熱風乾燥機(井上金属製)を用い、供給風温150℃、風速1.5m/秒の条件下で含水率が4%となるまで通気乾燥した。乾燥体をジューサーミキサー(Oster社製OSTERIZER BLENDER)にて粉砕した後、ふるい分けして、目開き710~150μmの粒子径範囲に調整して、吸水性樹脂(A1-3)を得た。
吸水性樹脂(A1-3)100部を攪拌(ホソカワミクロン製高速攪拌タービュライザー:回転数2000rpm)しながら、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル0.10部、水2.3部、プロピレングリコール1.4部及びナトリウムミョウバン0.24部からなる溶液を添加して混合し、140℃で45分加熱して表面架橋を行い、本発明の吸水性樹脂粒子(A2-3)を得た。
実施例17において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液の量を4.8部から1.5部に変更する以外は、実施例17と同様の操作を行い、本発明の吸水性樹脂粒子(A2-4)を得た。
実施例15において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液4.8部を用いなかったこと以外は実施例15と同様の操作を行い、比較吸水性樹脂粒子(R2-1)を得た。
実施例15において、1%の2-ヨード-2-メチルプロピオン酸水溶液4.8部の代わりに2-ヨードプロピオン酸エチル0.05部を用いた以外は実施例15と同様の操作を行い、比較吸水性樹脂粒子(R2-2)を得た。
また、本発明の製造方法で得られる吸水性樹脂粒子は、保水量と膨潤したゲル間の通液性及び荷重下での吸収性能の両立が可能であり、各種の吸収体に適用することにより、吸収量が多く、逆戻り性や表面ドライ感に優れた吸収性物品にすることができることから、紙おむつ(子供用紙おむつ及び大人用紙おむつ等)、ナプキン(生理用ナプキン等)、紙タオル、パッド(失禁者用パッド及び手術用アンダーパッド等)及びペットシート(ペット尿吸収シート)等の衛生用品に好適に用いられ、特に紙おむつに最適である。なお、本発明の製造方法で得られる吸水性樹脂粒子は衛生用品のみならず、ペット尿吸収剤、携帯トイレの尿ゲル化剤、青果物等の鮮度保持剤、肉類及び魚介類のドリップ吸収剤、保冷剤、使い捨てカイロ、電池用ゲル化剤、植物及び土壌等の保水剤、結露防止剤、止水材やパッキング材並びに人工雪等、種々の用途にも有用である。
2 含水ゲル粒子
3 円筒
4 底部から60mlの位置の目盛り線
5 底部から40mlの位置の目盛り線
6 金網
7 コック
8 円形金網
9 加圧軸
10 おもり
Claims (14)
- R2、R3、R4、R5、Xのうち2つ以上の基が、互いに結合して飽和又は不飽和の5員環若しくは6員環を形成する請求項1記載のラジカル重合用分子量制御剤。
- 前記有効成分が親水性官能基を有する請求項1又は2に記載のラジカル重合用分子量制御剤。
- 親水性官能基がカルボキシル基、カルボキシル基の塩、水酸基、又はアミド基である請求項3記載のラジカル重合用分子量制御剤。
- 水溶性ビニルモノマーのラジカル重合に用いられる請求項1~4のいずれか記載のラジカル重合用分子量制御剤。
- 前記有効成分の水への溶解度が20℃で1重量%以上である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のラジカル重合用分子量制御剤。
- 水溶性ビニルモノマー(a1)及び/又は加水分解により水溶性ビニルモノマー(a1)となるビニルモノマー(a2)を含む原料ビニルモノマーをラジカル重合する工程を含む重合体の製造方法であって、下記式(1)で表されるヨウ素化合物を有効成分とし、該有効成分の水への溶解度が20℃で0.5重量%以上であるラジカル重合用分子量制御剤及び水の存在下でラジカル重合を行うことを特徴とする重合体の製造方法。
- R2、R3、R4、R5、Xのうち2つ以上の基が、互いに結合して飽和又は不飽和の5員環若しくは6員環を形成する請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 前記有効成分がカルボキシル基、カルボキシル基の塩、水酸基、又はアミド基を有する請求項7又は8に記載の製造方法。
- ラジカル重合用分子量制御剤は、その有効成分の水への溶解度が20℃で1重量%である請求項7~9のいずれか記載の製造方法。
- ラジカル重合用分子量制御剤の使用が、その有効成分量において、原料ビニルモノマーの合計重量に対し、0.0005~1重量%である請求項7~10のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 水溶性ビニルモノマー(a1)が(メタ)アクリル酸(塩)である請求項7~11のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- ラジカル重合を、内部架橋剤(b)の存在下で行う請求項7~12のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 得られる重合体が、25℃の生理食塩水に対する保水量が30g/g以上の吸水性樹脂粒子である請求項7~13のいずれか記載の製造方法。
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JPWO2018180547A1 (ja) | 2020-04-23 |
JP6884200B2 (ja) | 2021-06-09 |
SG11201908673TA (en) | 2019-10-30 |
KR20190129938A (ko) | 2019-11-20 |
KR102248665B1 (ko) | 2021-05-04 |
US20210070687A1 (en) | 2021-03-11 |
CN110461884A (zh) | 2019-11-15 |
EP3604352A4 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
CN110461884B (zh) | 2022-06-24 |
EP3604352A1 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
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