WO2017077915A1 - マスクブランク、位相シフトマスクの製造方法、及び半導体デバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
マスクブランク、位相シフトマスクの製造方法、及び半導体デバイスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017077915A1 WO2017077915A1 PCT/JP2016/081710 JP2016081710W WO2017077915A1 WO 2017077915 A1 WO2017077915 A1 WO 2017077915A1 JP 2016081710 W JP2016081710 W JP 2016081710W WO 2017077915 A1 WO2017077915 A1 WO 2017077915A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/26—Phase shift masks [PSM]; PSM blanks; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/32—Attenuating PSM [att-PSM], e.g. halftone PSM or PSM having semi-transparent phase shift portion; Preparation thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/26—Phase shift masks [PSM]; PSM blanks; Preparation thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/38—Masks having auxiliary features, e.g. special coatings or marks for alignment or testing; Preparation thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/54—Absorbers, e.g. of opaque materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/68—Preparation processes not covered by groups G03F1/20 - G03F1/50
- G03F1/80—Etching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/033—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers
- H01L21/0334—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers characterised by their size, orientation, disposition, behaviour, shape, in horizontal or vertical plane
- H01L21/0337—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers characterised by their size, orientation, disposition, behaviour, shape, in horizontal or vertical plane characterised by the process involved to create the mask, e.g. lift-off masks, sidewalls, or to modify the mask, e.g. pre-treatment, post-treatment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mask blank for a phase shift mask, a method for manufacturing a phase shift mask using the mask blank, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device using a phase shift mask manufactured from the mask blank.
- a halftone phase shift film made of a metal silicide material, a light shielding film made of a chromium material, an etching mask film made of an inorganic material (hard mask film) on a light-transmitting substrate ) Have been known for some time (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the etching mask film is patterned by dry etching with a fluorine-based gas using the resist pattern formed on the surface of the mask blank as a mask, and then using the etching mask film as a mask.
- the light shielding film is patterned by dry etching with a mixed gas of chlorine and oxygen, and the phase shift film is patterned by dry etching with a fluorine-based gas using the pattern of the light shielding film as a mask.
- a light shielding film made of a chromium-based compound is required to have a light shielding performance for reducing the exposure light transmitted through the phase shift film to a predetermined light quantity or less.
- a phase shift mask is produced from this mask blank, a pattern including a light shielding band is formed on the light shielding film. And it is calculated
- this light-shielding film is required to function as an etching mask when the phase shift film is patterned by dry etching of a fluorine-based gas to form a phase shift pattern.
- a relatively sparse pattern such as a light shielding pattern is generally formed on the light shielding film.
- the light shielding film needs to function as an etching mask when a phase shift pattern, which is a fine transfer pattern, is formed on the phase shift film. For this reason, it is desired that a fine pattern can be formed with high dimensional accuracy even in the light shielding film.
- a mixed gas of chlorine-based gas and oxygen gas oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas
- oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas
- dry etching using this oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas as an etching gas has a small tendency for anisotropic etching and a large tendency for isotropic etching.
- etching is performed not only in the thickness direction of the film but also in the side wall direction of the pattern formed in the thin film, so-called side etching.
- side etching In order to suppress the progress of this side etching, during dry etching, a bias voltage is applied from the opposite side of the main surface on which the thin film of the substrate is formed, and the etching gas is controlled to make more contact in the thickness direction of the film. It has been done so far.
- oxygen gas tends to be radical plasma, so the effect of controlling the etching direction by applying a bias voltage is small, and the etching anisotropy is increased. Is difficult. For this reason, when a pattern is formed on a light-shielding film made of a chromium-based material by dry etching using an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas, the side etching amount tends to increase.
- the resist pattern is etched from the top and decreases. At this time, the direction of the side wall of the pattern is also etched away. For this reason, the width of the pattern formed on the resist film is designed in advance in consideration of the amount of decrease due to side etching. Further, the width of the pattern formed on the resist film is designed in consideration of the side etching amount of the light shielding film of the chromium-based material.
- a mask blank provided with a hard mask film made of a material having sufficient etching selectivity with a chromium-based material for dry etching of an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas on a light-shielding film of a chromium-based material has been provided. It is starting to be used.
- a pattern is formed on the hard mask film by dry etching using the resist pattern as a mask.
- oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas is dry-etched on the light shielding film to form a pattern on the light shielding film.
- This hard mask film is generally formed of a material that can be patterned by dry etching of a fluorine-based gas.
- the fluorine-based gas dry etching is ion-based etching, there is a large tendency for anisotropic etching. For this reason, the side etching amount of the pattern side wall in the hard mask film on which the phase shift pattern is formed is small. In the case of fluorine gas dry etching, the amount of side etching tends to be small even in a resist pattern for forming a pattern on a hard mask film. For this reason, the demand for a small amount of side etching in dry etching of an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas is also increasing for a light-shielding film of a chromium-based material.
- the bias voltage applied during dry etching is significantly increased (hereinafter referred to as an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas with a higher ratio of chlorine-based gas and higher).
- the dry etching performed under the condition that a bias voltage is applied is also referred to as “high bias etching of oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas”).
- the etching rate of the chromium-based material for the light-shielding film by high-bias etching of this oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas is at a level comparable to that when performing dry etching under conventional etching conditions.
- the side etching amount of the light shielding film generated during etching can also be made smaller than before. However, further miniaturization of the pattern to be formed on the phase shift film is required, and it is necessary to further reduce the side etching amount of the chromium-based light-shielding film at the time of dry etching with an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas. It is not enough to increase the bias voltage.
- a phase shift film formed of a silicon-containing material, a light-shielding film formed of a chromium-containing material, and a hard mask film are formed in this order on a light-transmitting substrate.
- a mask blank in which the amount of side etching is greatly reduced is provided.
- this invention provides the manufacturing method of the phase shift mask which can form a fine pattern accurately in a phase shift film by using this mask blank. Furthermore, a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device using the phase shift mask is provided.
- the present invention has the following configuration as means for solving the above problems.
- a mask blank having a structure in which a phase shift film, a light shielding film, and a hard mask film are laminated in this order on a translucent substrate The phase shift film is made of a material containing silicon
- the hard mask film is made of a material containing one or more elements selected from silicon and tantalum
- the light-shielding film is a single-layer film having a composition gradient portion with an increased oxygen content in the surface on the hard mask film side and in the vicinity thereof
- the light shielding film is made of a material containing chromium, oxygen and carbon
- the portion excluding the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film has a chromium content of 50 atomic% or more
- the maximum peak of the N1s narrow spectrum obtained by analyzing by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is below the detection lower limit
- a portion of the light-shielding film excluding the composition gradient portion has a maximum peak at a binding energy of 574 eV or less in
- (Configuration 11) A method of manufacturing a phase shift mask using the mask blank according to any one of configurations 1 to 10, Forming a phase shift pattern on the hard mask film by dry etching using a fluorine-based gas using a resist film having a phase shift pattern formed on the hard mask film as a mask; Forming a phase shift pattern on the light shielding film by dry etching using a mixed gas of chlorine-based gas and oxygen gas using the hard mask film on which the phase shift pattern is formed as a mask; Forming the phase shift pattern on the phase shift film by dry etching using a fluorine-based gas using the light shielding film on which the phase shift pattern is formed as a mask; Using a resist film having a light shielding pattern formed on the light shielding film as a mask, and forming a light shielding pattern on the light shielding film by dry etching using a mixed gas of a chlorine-based gas and an oxygen gas.
- a manufacturing method of a phase shift mask characterized by the above.
- (Configuration 12) A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising using the phase shift mask according to Structure 11 and exposing and transferring a transfer pattern onto a resist film on a semiconductor substrate.
- a phase shift film formed of a material containing silicon, a light-shielding film formed of a material containing chromium, and a hard mask film on a light-transmitting substrate A mask blank having a structure laminated in this order, which is formed even when this light shielding film is patterned by dry etching under a high bias etching condition using an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas as an etching gas. The amount of side etching of the pattern of the light shielding film can be greatly reduced. Further, when the phase shift film is patterned by dry etching using the formed light shielding film pattern as an etching mask, a highly accurate and fine pattern can be formed. For this reason, a phase shift mask provided with a highly accurate and fine phase shift pattern can be obtained. Furthermore, in manufacturing a semiconductor device using this phase shift mask, it becomes possible to transfer a pattern with good accuracy to a resist film or the like on the semiconductor device.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a mask blank. It is a sectional schematic diagram showing a manufacturing process of a phase shift mask. It is a figure which shows the result (Cr2p narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result (O1s narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result (N1s narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on Example 1.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the result (O1s narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on Example 2.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result (N1s narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on Example 2.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result (C1s narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on Example 2.
- FIG. 1s narrow spectrum which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on Example 2.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the result (Si2p narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on Example 2.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result (Cr2p narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on the comparative example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result (O1s narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on the comparative example 1.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the result (N1s narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on the comparative example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result (C1s narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on the comparative example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the result (Si2p narrow spectrum) which performed the XPS analysis (depth direction chemical bond state analysis) with respect to the light shielding film of the mask blank which concerns on the comparative example 1.
- a chromium (Cr) -based material constituting a conventional mask blank a material containing nitrogen (N) such as CrON or CrOCN is known. This is because the defect quality of the chromium-based material film is improved by using nitrogen gas as the reactive gas in addition to the gas containing oxygen when the chromium-based material is formed by sputtering. In addition, by adding nitrogen to the chromium-based material film, the etching rate for dry etching with an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas is increased.
- a film forming method in which pre-sputtering is performed at the time of film formation of a Cr-based material has been performed on a chromium-based material film.
- pre-sputtering it is possible to improve the defect quality of the chromium-based material film, and therefore it is possible to form a film without using N 2 gas for improving the defect quality.
- the dry etching in the high bias etching for the chromium-based material film is compared with the dry etching performed in the normal bias voltage using the same etching gas condition (hereinafter referred to as “dry etching under normal conditions”).
- dry etching under normal conditions the same etching gas condition
- the etching rate of etching in the film thickness direction can be greatly increased.
- both chemical etching and physical action etching are performed.
- Etching by a chemical reaction is performed by a process in which an etching gas in a plasma state comes into contact with the surface of the thin film and combines with a metal element in the thin film to generate a low boiling point compound and sublimate.
- etching by chemical reaction a metal element in a bonded state with another element is broken to form a low-boiling compound.
- physical etching ionic plasma in an etching gas accelerated by a bias voltage collides with the surface of the thin film (this phenomenon is also referred to as “ion bombardment”). Each element including the element is physically repelled (at this time, the bond between the elements is broken), and the metal element and a low boiling point compound are generated and sublimated.
- High bias etching is an improvement of dry etching due to physical action compared to dry etching under normal conditions.
- Etching by physical action greatly contributes to etching in the film thickness direction, but does not contribute much to etching in the side wall direction of the pattern.
- etching by chemical reaction contributes to both etching in the film thickness direction and etching in the side wall direction of the pattern. Therefore, in order to make the side etching amount smaller than before, the ease of etching by a chemical reaction in a light shielding film of a chromium-based material is reduced compared to the past, and the ease of dry etching by a physical action is reduced compared with the past. It is necessary to maintain the same level.
- the simplest approach for reducing the etching amount related to the etching by chemical reaction in the light shielding film of the chromium-based material is to increase the chromium content in the light shielding film.
- the etching amount related to the dry etching due to the physical action is significantly reduced.
- Even in the case of dry etching by physical action if the chromium element repelled from the film does not combine with chlorine and oxygen to form chromyl chloride (CrO 2 Cl 2 , a low boiling point compound of chromium), The element is reattached to the light shielding film and is not removed. Since there is a limit to increasing the supply amount of the etching gas, if the chromium content in the light shielding film is too large, the etching rate of the light shielding film is significantly reduced.
- the etching time for patterning the light shielding film is significantly increased. If the etching time for patterning the light shielding film becomes longer, the time for which the side wall of the light shielding film is exposed to the etching gas becomes longer, leading to an increase in the amount of side etching.
- An approach that greatly reduces the etching rate of the light shielding film, such as increasing the chromium content in the light shielding film, does not lead to suppression of the side etching amount.
- constituent elements other than chromium in the light shielding film In order to suppress the side etching amount, it is effective to contain a light element that consumes oxygen radicals that promote etching by a chemical reaction. Since the material for forming the light-shielding film is required to have at least a certain level of patterning characteristics, light-shielding performance, chemical resistance during cleaning, etc., light elements that can be contained in a certain amount or more in the chromium-based material forming the light-shielding film are Limited. Typical examples of light elements to be contained in a chromium-based material in a certain amount or more include oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon.
- the etching rate is significantly increased in both high bias etching and dry etching under normal conditions.
- the etching of the side etching easily proceeds, but the etching time in the film thickness direction is greatly shortened, and the time during which the side wall of the light shielding film is exposed to the etching gas is shortened.
- the chromium-based material for forming the light shielding film needs to contain oxygen.
- the etching rate is high in both cases of high bias etching and dry etching under normal conditions, although not as remarkable as when oxygen is contained.
- side etching also proceeds easily. Considering the fact that the etching time in the film thickness direction is shortened by adding nitrogen to the chromium-based material forming the light-shielding film, considering that the ease of side etching proceeds, in the case of high bias etching, It can be said that the chromium-based material forming the light-shielding film should not contain nitrogen.
- the etching rate is slightly slower than in the case of the light-shielding film made only of chromium.
- the resistance to etching by a physical action becomes lower than in the case of a light-shielding film made only of chromium.
- the etching rate becomes faster than that in the case of the light shielding film made only of chromium.
- the chromium-based material forming the light-shielding film when carbon is contained in the chromium-based material forming the light-shielding film, oxygen radicals that promote side etching are consumed, so that the side etching is less likely to proceed than when oxygen or nitrogen is contained. Considering these, in the case of high bias etching, the chromium-based material for forming the light shielding film needs to contain carbon.
- the Cr—N bond has a low binding energy (binding energy) and tends to be easily dissociated. For this reason, when chlorine and oxygen in a plasma state come into contact with each other, the Cr—N bond is dissociated and a low boiling point chromyl chloride is easily formed.
- the Cr—C bond has a high binding energy and tends to be difficult to dissociate. For this reason, even if chlorine and oxygen in the plasma state come into contact with each other, it is difficult to dissociate the Cr—C bond and form low boiling point chromyl chloride.
- the light-shielding film that is dry-etched by high bias etching using the hard mask film on which the pattern is formed as an etching mask contains oxygen on the surface on the hard mask film side and in the vicinity thereof.
- the light-shielding film is made of a material containing chromium, oxygen, and carbon, and the portion other than the composition-gradient part of the light-shielding film has a chromium content of 50 atoms.
- the maximum peak of the N1s narrow spectrum obtained by analyzing by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is below the detection lower limit value, and the light shielding film has a composition gradient of the light shielding film.
- the part excluding the part has a maximum peak at a binding energy of 574 eV or less in the narrow spectrum of Cr2p obtained by analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. I came to the conclusion that there should be.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a mask blank.
- a mask blank 100 shown in FIG. 1 has a configuration in which a phase shift film 2, a light shielding film 3, and a hard mask film 4 are laminated in this order on one main surface of a translucent substrate 1.
- the mask blank 100 may have a configuration in which a resist film is laminated on the hard mask film 4 as necessary.
- details of main components of the mask blank 100 will be described.
- the translucent substrate 1 is made of a material having good transparency to exposure light used in an exposure process in lithography.
- synthetic quartz glass, aluminosilicate glass, soda lime glass, low thermal expansion glass (such as SiO 2 —TiO 2 glass), and other various glass substrates can be used.
- a substrate using synthetic quartz glass has high transmittance with respect to ArF excimer laser light (wavelength: about 193 nm), it can be suitably used as the light-transmitting substrate 1 of the mask blank 100.
- the exposure process in lithography referred to here is an exposure process in lithography using a phase shift mask produced using this mask blank 100, and the exposure light used below is exposure light used in this exposure process.
- ArF excimer laser light wavelength: 193 nm
- KrF excimer laser light wavelength: 248 nm
- i-line light wavelength: 365 nm
- phase shift film 2 has a predetermined transmittance with respect to the exposure light used in the exposure transfer process, and the exposure light transmitted through the phase shift film 2 and the thickness of the phase shift film 2 in the atmosphere are the same. Optical characteristics are such that the transmitted exposure light has a predetermined phase difference.
- the phase shift film 2 is made of a material containing silicon (Si).
- the phase shift film 2 is preferably formed of a material containing nitrogen (N) in addition to silicon.
- Such a phase shift film 2 can be patterned by dry etching using a fluorine-based gas, and a material having sufficient etching selectivity with respect to a CrOC film constituting a light shielding film 3 described later is used.
- the phase shift film 2 may further contain one or more elements selected from a semi-metal element, a non-metal element, and a metal element as long as patterning is possible by dry etching using a fluorine-based gas.
- the metalloid element may be any metalloid element in addition to silicon.
- the nonmetallic element may be any nonmetallic element in addition to nitrogen.
- the nonmetallic element contains one or more elements selected from oxygen (O), carbon (C), fluorine (F), and hydrogen (H). And preferred.
- Metal elements include molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), niobium (Nb), vanadium (V), cobalt (Co), chromium Examples are (Cr), nickel (Ni), ruthenium (Ru), tin (Sn), boron (B), and germanium (Ge).
- phase shift film 2 is made of, for example, MoSiN, and has a predetermined phase difference (for example, 140 [deg] to 190 [deg], preferably 150 [deg] to 180 with respect to exposure light (for example, ArF excimer laser light). [Deg]) and a predetermined transmittance (for example, 1% to 30%), the refractive index n, the extinction coefficient k, and the film thickness of the phase shift film 2 are selected, respectively. The composition of the film material and the film forming conditions are adjusted so that the attenuation coefficient k is obtained.
- a predetermined phase difference for example, 140 [deg] to 190 [deg], preferably 150 [deg] to 180 with respect to exposure light (for example, ArF excimer laser light). [Deg]
- a predetermined transmittance for example, 1% to 30%
- the composition of the film material and the film forming conditions are adjusted so that the attenuation coefficient k is obtained.
- the light shielding film 3 is a film constituting a light shielding pattern including a light shielding band pattern formed on the mask blank 100, and is a film having a light shielding property against exposure light used in an exposure process in lithography.
- the light-shielding film 3 has a laminated structure with the phase shift film 2 and is required to have an optical density (OD) greater than 2.0 with respect to ArF excimer laser light having a wavelength of 193 nm, for example, and is preferably 2.8 or more. More preferably, it is 3.0 or more.
- OD optical density
- the surface reflectance of exposure light on both main surfaces is kept low in order to prevent exposure transfer defects due to reflection of exposure light.
- the reflectance on the surface side (surface farthest from the translucent substrate 1) of the light-shielding film 3 where the reflected light of the exposure light from the reduction optical system of the exposure apparatus hits is, for example, 40% or less (preferably, 30% or less). This is to suppress stray light generated by multiple reflection between the surface of the light shielding film 3 and the lens of the reduction optical system.
- the light shielding film 3 needs to function as an etching mask at the time of dry etching with a fluorine-based gas for forming a transfer pattern (phase shift pattern) on the phase shift film 2. For this reason, the light shielding film 3 needs to be applied with a material having sufficient etching selectivity with respect to the phase shift film 2 in dry etching using a fluorine-based gas.
- the light shielding film 3 is required to be able to accurately form a fine pattern to be formed on the phase shift film 2.
- the thickness of the light shielding film 3 is preferably 60 nm or less, more preferably 55 nm or less, and particularly preferably 50 nm or less.
- the thickness of the light shielding film 3 is too thick, a fine pattern to be formed cannot be formed with high accuracy.
- the light shielding film 3 is required to satisfy the required optical density as described above. For this reason, it is calculated
- the light shielding film 3 is made of a material containing chromium (Cr), oxygen (O), and carbon (C).
- the light-shielding film 3 is a single-layer film having a composition gradient portion in which the oxygen content increases on the surface on the hard mask film 4 side and in the vicinity thereof. This is because, during the manufacturing process, the surface of the formed light shielding film 3 is exposed to an atmosphere containing oxygen, and therefore, a region in which the oxygen content is increased more than other portions is formed only on the surface of the light shielding film 3.
- the oxygen content is highest on the surface exposed to the atmosphere containing oxygen, and the oxygen content gradually decreases as the distance from the surface increases. Then, the composition of the light shielding film 3 becomes substantially constant from a position away from the surface to some extent.
- a region where the oxygen content changes (slowly decreases) from the surface of the light shielding film 3 is defined as a composition gradient portion.
- the difference in the film thickness direction of the content of each constituent element is preferably less than 10 atomic%, and more preferably 8 atomic% or less. Preferably, it is more preferably 5 atomic% or less.
- the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film 3 is preferably a region from the surface to a depth of less than 5 nm, more preferably a region to a depth of 4 nm or less, and further a region to a depth of 3 nm or less. preferable.
- the portion other than the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film 3 has a chromium content of 50 atomic% or more. This is to suppress side etching that occurs when the light shielding film 3 is patterned by high bias etching.
- the portion of the light shielding film 3 excluding the composition gradient portion preferably has a chromium content of 80 atomic% or less. This is for securing a sufficient etching rate when the light shielding film 3 is patterned by high bias etching.
- the maximum peak of the N1s narrow spectrum obtained by analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is below the detection lower limit.
- Cr—N bonds exist in the material forming the light-shielding film 3 in a predetermined ratio or more. If the material for forming the light shielding film 3 contains Cr—N bonds in a predetermined ratio or more, it is difficult to suppress the progress of side etching when the light shielding film 3 is patterned by high bias etching.
- the content of nitrogen (N) in the light-shielding film 3 is preferably not more than a detection limit value in composition analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- the portion excluding the composition gradient portion of the light-shielding film 3 has a maximum peak at a binding energy of 574 eV or less in the narrow spectrum of Cr2p obtained by analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- a material containing Cr when the narrow spectrum of Cr2p has a maximum peak with a binding energy higher than 574 eV, that is, in a state of chemical shift, it binds to other atoms (particularly nitrogen). It shows that the existing ratio of chromium atoms is high.
- Such a chromium-based material tends to have low resistance to etching mainly of chemical reaction, and it is difficult to suppress side etching.
- Suppressing the progress of side etching when patterning by high bias etching is formed by forming a portion of the light shielding film 3 except for the composition gradient portion with a chromium-based material having a maximum peak at a binding energy of 574 eV or less with a narrow spectrum of Cr2p. can do.
- the ratio obtained by dividing the carbon content [atomic%] in the portion excluding the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film 3 by the total content [atomic%] of chromium, carbon and oxygen is preferably 0.1 or more, More preferably, it is 0.14 or more.
- the light shielding film 3 occupies most of chromium, oxygen and carbon. Most of the chromium in the light shielding film 3 exists in any form of a Cr—O bond, a Cr—C bond, and a form not bonded to oxygen and carbon.
- a Cr-based material having a high ratio obtained by dividing the carbon content [atomic%] by the total content of chromium, carbon, and oxygen [atomic%] has a high abundance ratio of Cr—C bonds in the material.
- the ratio of the carbon content [atomic%] in the portion excluding the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film 3 divided by the total content of chromium and carbon [atomic%] is preferably 0.14 or more, More preferably, it is 0.16 or more.
- the light shielding film 3 preferably has a total content of chromium, oxygen, and carbon of 95 atomic% or more, and more preferably 98 atomic% or more.
- the light-shielding film 3 is particularly preferably composed of chromium, oxygen, and carbon except for impurities that are unavoidably mixed. Note that the impurities inevitably mixed here are the light shielding films 3 such as argon (Ar), helium (He), neon (Ne), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), hydrogen (H), and the like. An element that is difficult to avoid when forming a film by sputtering.
- the portion other than the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film 3 preferably has an oxygen content of 10 atomic% to 35 atomic%. Moreover, it is preferable that carbon content is 10 atomic% or more and 20 atomic% or less in the portion excluding the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film 3.
- the composition gradient portion of the light-shielding film 3 preferably has a maximum peak at a binding energy of 576 eV or more in the narrow spectrum of Cr2p obtained by analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, it is preferable that the maximum peak of the narrow spectrum of Si2p obtained by analyzing the light shielding film 3 by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is not more than the detection lower limit value.
- the peak of the narrow spectrum of Si2p exists, unbonded silicon and silicon bonded to other atoms exist in the material forming the light-shielding film 3 in a predetermined ratio or more. Such a material is not preferable because the etching rate for dry etching with oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas tends to decrease.
- the light shielding film 3 preferably has a silicon content of 1 atomic% or less, and preferably has a detection limit value or less in composition analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- the light shielding film 3 can be formed by forming a film on the phase shift film 2 by a reactive sputtering method using a target containing chromium.
- the sputtering method may be a method using a direct current (DC) power source (DC sputtering) or a method using a high frequency (RF) power source (RF sputtering).
- DC sputtering is preferred because the mechanism is simple.
- the film forming apparatus may be an inline type or a single wafer type.
- Sputtering gas used when forming the light shielding film 3 includes a gas containing no oxygen (eg, CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 ) and a gas containing no oxygen (O). 2, O 3, etc.) and a rare gas (Ar, Kr, Xe, He , mixed gas containing Ne, etc.), a mixed gas containing a noble gas and a gas (CO 2, CO, etc.) containing carbon and oxygen, or, A mixed gas containing at least one of a gas containing no carbon and containing carbon (CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6, etc.) and a gas containing no oxygen and containing oxygen in addition to a rare gas and a gas containing carbon and oxygen Is preferred.
- a gas containing no oxygen eg, CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6
- CO 2 gas is less reactive than oxygen gas, the gas can circulate uniformly over a wide area in the chamber. This is preferable because the film quality of the light-shielding film 3 to be formed becomes uniform.
- introduction method they may be introduced separately into the chamber, or some gases may be introduced together or all gases may be mixed.
- the material of the target is not limited to chromium alone but may be chromium as a main component, and may be chromium containing either oxygen or carbon, or a target obtained by adding oxygen and carbon to chromium.
- the hard mask film 4 is provided in contact with the surface of the light shielding film 3.
- the hard mask film 4 is a film formed of a material having etching resistance against an etching gas used when the light shielding film 3 is etched. It is sufficient for the hard mask film 4 to have a film thickness that can function as an etching mask until dry etching for forming a pattern on the light shielding film 3 is completed. Not subject to restrictions. For this reason, the thickness of the hard mask film 4 can be made much thinner than the thickness of the light shielding film 3.
- the thickness of the hard mask film 4 is required to be 20 nm or less, preferably 15 nm or less, and more preferably 10 nm or less. This is because if the thickness of the hard mask film 4 is too thick, the thickness of the resist film serving as an etching mask is required in dry etching for forming a light shielding pattern on the hard mask film 4.
- the thickness of the hard mask film 4 is required to be 3 nm or more, and preferably 5 nm or more. If the thickness of the hard mask film 4 is too thin, the pattern of the hard mask film 4 disappears before the dry etching for forming the light shielding pattern on the light shielding film 3 is completed depending on the conditions of the high bias etching with the oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas. Because there is a risk of doing.
- a resist film made of an organic material used as an etching mask in dry etching with a fluorine-based gas that forms a pattern on the hard mask film 4 only functions as an etching mask until the dry etching of the hard mask film 4 is completed.
- the thickness of the film is sufficient. Therefore, the thickness of the resist film can be greatly reduced by providing the hard mask film 4 as compared with the conventional configuration in which the hard mask film 4 is not provided.
- the hard mask film 4 is preferably formed of a material containing one or more elements selected from silicon and tantalum.
- the hard mask film 4 is formed of a material containing silicon, it is preferable to apply SiO 2 , SiN, SiON or the like. Further, since the hard mask film 4 in this case tends to have low adhesion to the organic material resist film, the surface of the hard mask film 4 is subjected to HMDS (Hexamethyldisilazane) treatment to improve the surface adhesion. It is preferable.
- HMDS Hexamethyldisilazane
- the hard mask film 4 is formed of a material containing tantalum, it is preferable to apply a material in which tantalum contains one or more elements selected from nitrogen, oxygen, boron and carbon in addition to tantalum metal. Examples thereof include Ta, TaN, TaO, TaON, TaBN, TaBO, TaBON, TaCN, TaCO, TaCON, TaBCN, and TaBOCN.
- the hard mask film 4 is preferably formed of a material containing tantalum (Ta) and oxygen (O) and having an O content of 50 atomic% or more (hereinafter referred to as a TaO-based material).
- the hard mask film 4 is required to have sufficiently high etching resistance against high bias etching when the light shielding film 3 is patterned. If the etching resistance is not sufficient, the edge portion of the pattern of the hard mask film 4 is etched and the mask pattern is reduced, so that the accuracy of the light shielding pattern is deteriorated.
- the material containing Ta can greatly increase the resistance to dry etching by the oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas by setting the oxygen content in the material to at least 50 atomic% or more.
- the TaO-based material hard mask film 4 is desired to have a crystal structure of microcrystal, preferably amorphous.
- the crystal structure in the TaO-based material hard mask film 4 is microcrystalline or amorphous, it is difficult to form a single structure, and a plurality of crystal structures tend to be mixed.
- the TaO-based material in the hard mask film 4 tends to be in a state (mixed crystal state) in which TaO bonds, Ta 2 O 3 bonds, TaO 2 bonds, and Ta 2 O 5 bonds are mixed.
- the TaO-based material in the hard mask film 4 tends to improve the resistance to dry etching with an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas as the abundance ratio of Ta 2 O 5 bonds increases.
- the TaO-based material in the hard mask film 4 tends to have higher properties for preventing hydrogen intrusion, chemical resistance, warm water resistance and ArF light resistance as the ratio of Ta 2 O 5 bonds increases.
- the bonding state of tantalum and oxygen in the film tends to be mainly Ta 2 O 3 bonds.
- the most unstable TaO bond is considered to be much less than when the oxygen content in the film is less than 50 atomic%.
- Hard mask layer 4 of TaO-based materials the oxygen content in the film is 66.7 at% or more, the bonding state of tantalum and oxygen is believed to become more likely to TaO 2 bond is mainly, most Both the unstable bond TaO bond and the next unstable bond Ta 2 O 3 are considered to be very few.
- the TaO-based material hard mask film 4 has an oxygen content in the film of 67 atomic% or more, not only TaO 2 bonds are mainly formed but also the ratio of Ta 2 O 5 bonding states becomes high. Conceivable. At such an oxygen content, the Ta 2 O 3 and TaO 2 bonding states rarely exist, and the TaO bonding state cannot exist.
- the hard mask film 4 made of TaO-based material is considered to be formed substantially only in the bonded state of Ta 2 O 5 when the oxygen content in the film is about 71.4 atomic% (most oxidized) (Because the oxygen content of Ta 2 O 5 in the bonded state is 71.4 atomic%).
- the TaO-based material hard mask film 4 includes not only Ta 2 O 5 in the most stable bonding state but also bonding states of Ta 2 O 3 and TaO 2. Will be.
- the lower limit value of the oxygen content that does not affect the dry etching resistance and the amount of the most unstable TaO bond is at least 50 atomic%. It is believed that there is.
- the Ta 2 O 5 bond is a bonded state having very high stability, and the resistance to high bias etching is greatly increased by increasing the ratio of the Ta 2 O 5 bond. In addition, the characteristics of blocking hydrogen intrusion, chemical resistance, resistance to mask cleaning such as hot water resistance, and ArF light resistance are greatly enhanced.
- the TaO constituting the hard mask film 4 is formed only by the combined state of Ta 2 O 5 .
- the hard mask film 4 made of TaO-based material preferably contains nitrogen and other elements in a range that does not affect these functions and effects and does not substantially contain them.
- the TaO-based material hard mask film 4 is made of a material in which the maximum peak of the Ta4f narrow spectrum obtained by analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is larger than 23 eV, thereby greatly improving the resistance to high bias etching. be able to.
- a material having a high binding energy tends to improve resistance to dry etching by an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas.
- invasion, chemical resistance, warm water resistance, and ArF light resistance also tend to become high.
- the bonding state having the highest bonding energy in the tantalum compound is a Ta 2 O 5 bond.
- the maximum peak of the Ta4f narrow spectrum obtained by analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is preferably 24 eV or more, more preferably 25 eV or more, and 25.4 eV or more. Is particularly preferred.
- the bonding state between tantalum and oxygen in the hard mask film is mainly Ta 2 O 5 bonds, and high bias etching is performed. The resistance to is greatly increased.
- the TaO-based material having an oxygen content of 50 atomic% constituting the hard mask film 4 has a tendency of tensile stress.
- the material (CrOC-based material) mainly composed of chromium, oxygen, and carbon constituting the light shielding film 3 has a tendency of compressive stress.
- a TaO-based material hard mask film 4 is laminated on a CrOC-based material light-shielding film 3, so that the compressive stress of the light-shielding film 3 and the hard mask film 4 There is an offset between the tensile stress and the overall stress of the laminated structure can be reduced.
- a resist film of an organic material is formed with a thickness of 100 nm or less in contact with the surface of the hard mask film 4.
- the light shielding pattern to be formed on the light shielding film 3 may be provided with SRAF (Sub-Resolution Assist Feature) having a line width of 40 nm.
- SRAF Sub-Resolution Assist Feature
- the film thickness of the resist film can be suppressed by providing the hard mask film 4 as described above, whereby the cross-sectional aspect ratio of the resist pattern formed by this resist film is 1: 2.5. And can be lowered.
- the resist film preferably has a film thickness of 80 nm or less.
- the resist film is preferably a resist for electron beam drawing exposure, and more preferably, the resist is a chemical amplification type.
- the mask blank 100 having the above configuration is manufactured by the following procedure.
- the translucent substrate 1 has its end face and main surface polished to a predetermined surface roughness (for example, a root mean square roughness Rq of 0.2 nm or less in a square inner region having a side of 1 ⁇ m), and then a predetermined surface roughness.
- the washing process and the drying process are performed.
- a phase shift film 2 is formed on the translucent substrate 1 by a sputtering method. After the phase shift film 2 is formed, an annealing process at a predetermined heating temperature is performed. Next, the light shielding film 3 is formed on the phase shift film 2 by sputtering. Then, the hard mask film 4 is formed on the light shielding film 3 by sputtering. In the formation of each layer by sputtering, a sputtering target and a sputtering gas containing the material constituting each layer in a predetermined composition ratio are used, and if necessary, a mixed gas of the above rare gas and reactive gas is sputtered. Film formation using gas is performed.
- HMDS Hexamethyldisilazane
- a resist film is formed on the hard mask film 4 of the mask blank 100 by a spin coating method.
- a first pattern (phase shift pattern) to be formed on the phase shift film 2 is exposed and drawn on the resist film with an electron beam.
- predetermined processing such as PEB processing, development processing, and post-baking processing is performed on the resist film to form a first pattern (resist pattern 5a) on the resist film (see FIG. 2A).
- the hard mask film 4 is dry-etched using a fluorine-based gas to form a first pattern (hard mask pattern 4a) on the hard mask film 4 (FIG. 2B). reference). Thereafter, the resist pattern 5a is removed.
- the light shielding film 3 may be dry-etched with the resist pattern 5a remaining without being removed. In this case, the resist pattern 5a disappears when the light shielding film 3 is dry-etched.
- etching using an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas is performed to form a first pattern (light shielding pattern 3a) on the light shielding film 3 (see FIG. 2C).
- Dry etching with oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas on the light-shielding film 3 uses an etching gas having a higher mixing ratio of chlorine-based gas than conventional.
- the anisotropy of dry etching can be increased.
- the bias voltage applied from the back side of the translucent substrate 1 is also made higher than before.
- the power [W] when the bias voltage is applied is preferably 15 [W] or more, and more preferably 20 [W] or more. Preferably, it is more preferably 30 [W] or more.
- a resist film is formed on the light shielding pattern 3a by a spin coating method.
- a second pattern to be formed on the light shielding film 3 is exposed and drawn with an electron beam.
- predetermined processing such as development processing is performed to form a resist film (resist pattern 6b) having a second pattern (light-shielding pattern) (see FIG. 2E).
- dry etching using a mixed gas of chlorine-based gas and oxygen gas is performed using the resist pattern 6b as a mask to form a second pattern (light-shielding pattern 3b) on the light-shielding film 3 (see FIG. 2F).
- the dry etching of the light shielding film 3 at this time may be performed under the conventional conditions with respect to the mixing ratio of the chlorine-based gas and the oxygen gas and the bias voltage.
- the resist pattern 6b is removed, and a phase shift mask 200 is obtained through a predetermined process such as cleaning (see FIG. 2G).
- the chlorine-based gas used in the dry etching during the manufacturing process is not particularly limited as long as it contains Cl.
- a chlorine-based gas Cl 2, SiCl 2, CHCl 3, CH 2 Cl 2, CCl 4, BCl 3 and the like.
- the fluorine-based gas used in the dry etching in the manufacturing process is not particularly limited as long as F is contained.
- a fluorine-based gas CHF 3, CF 4, C 2 F 6, C 4 F 8, SF 6 and the like.
- the fluorine-based gas not containing C has a relatively low etching rate with respect to the glass substrate, damage to the glass substrate can be further reduced.
- the phase shift mask 200 manufactured by the above steps has a configuration in which the phase shift pattern 2a and the light shielding pattern 3b are sequentially laminated on the light transmissive substrate 1 from the light transmissive substrate 1 side.
- the phase shift mask 200 is manufactured using the mask blank 100 described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 2C which is a dry etching process for forming a phase shift pattern (a fine pattern to be formed on the phase shift film 2) on the light shielding film 3
- isotropicity is achieved. Dry etching using an oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas having an etching tendency is applied. Further, the dry etching with the oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas in the step of FIG. 2C is performed under etching conditions in which the ratio of the chlorine-based gas of the oxygen-containing chlorine-based gas is high and a high bias is applied.
- phase shift mask 200 with good pattern accuracy can be manufactured.
- the transfer pattern (phase shift pattern 2a) of the phase shift mask 200 is exposed to the resist film on the substrate using the halftone phase shift mask 200 manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method. It is characterized by transcription.
- the manufacturing method of such a semiconductor device is performed as follows.
- a substrate for forming a semiconductor device is prepared.
- This substrate may be, for example, a semiconductor substrate, a substrate having a semiconductor thin film, or a microfabricated film formed thereon.
- a resist film is formed on the prepared substrate, and pattern exposure is performed on the resist film using the halftone phase shift mask 200 manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method. Thereby, the transfer pattern formed on the phase shift mask 200 is exposed and transferred onto the resist film.
- exposure light exposure light corresponding to the phase shift film 2 constituting the transfer pattern is used. For example, ArF excimer laser light is used here.
- the resist film to which the transfer pattern is exposed and transferred is developed to form a resist pattern, the surface pattern of the substrate is etched using this resist pattern as a mask, and impurities are introduced. . After the processing is completed, the resist pattern is removed.
- the semiconductor device is completed by repeatedly performing the above processing on the substrate while exchanging the transfer mask, and further performing necessary processing.
- a resist pattern with sufficient accuracy to satisfy the initial design specifications is formed on the substrate by using the halftone phase shift mask manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method. Can do. For this reason, when a circuit pattern is formed by dry etching the lower layer film under the resist film using the resist film pattern as a mask, a high-accuracy circuit pattern without wiring short-circuit or disconnection due to insufficient accuracy is formed. Can do.
- a translucent substrate 1 made of synthetic quartz glass having a main surface dimension of about 152 mm ⁇ about 152 mm and a thickness of about 6.35 mm was prepared.
- the translucent substrate 1 has its end face and main surface polished to a predetermined surface roughness (Rq of 0.2 nm or less), and then subjected to a predetermined cleaning process and a drying process.
- Argon (Ar), nitrogen (N 2 ), and helium (He) mixed gas by reactive sputtering (DC sputtering) using a sputtering gas as a phase shift composed of molybdenum, silicon, and nitrogen on the transparent substrate 1.
- Film 2 was formed with a thickness of 69 nm.
- heat treatment for reducing the film stress of the phase shift film 2 and forming an oxide layer on the surface layer was performed on the translucent substrate 1 on which the phase shift film 2 was formed.
- a heating furnace electric furnace
- heat treatment was performed in the atmosphere at a heating temperature of 450 ° C. and a heating time of 1 hour.
- a phase shift amount measuring apparatus MPM193, manufactured by Lasertec Corporation
- the transmittance and phase difference of the phase shift film 2 after the heat treatment with respect to light having a wavelength of 193 nm were measured. As a result, the transmittance was 6.0% and the phase difference was It was 177.0 degrees (deg).
- the translucent substrate 1 on which the phase shift film 2 is formed is installed in a single-wafer DC sputtering apparatus, and using a chromium (Cr) target, argon (Ar), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and helium.
- Reactive sputtering DC sputtering
- a mixed gas atmosphere of (He) As a result, a light shielding film (CrOC film) 3 made of chromium, oxygen and carbon was formed in a thickness of 36 nm in contact with the phase shift film 2.
- a heat treatment was performed on the translucent substrate 1 on which the light shielding film (CrOC film) 3 was formed. Specifically, using a hot plate, heat treatment was performed in the atmosphere at a heating temperature of 280 ° C. and a heating time of 5 minutes. After the heat treatment, ArF having a laminated structure of the phase shift film 2 and the light shielding film 3 is used for the translucent substrate 1 on which the phase shift film 2 and the light shielding film 3 are laminated, using a spectrophotometer (Cary 4000 manufactured by Agilent Technologies). When the optical density at the wavelength of the excimer laser light (about 193 nm) was measured, it was confirmed that it was 3.0 or more.
- the translucent substrate 1 on which the phase shift film 2 and the light-shielding film 3 are laminated is placed in a single wafer RF sputtering apparatus, and argon (Ar) gas is sputtered using a silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) target.
- a hard mask film 4 made of silicon and oxygen was formed to a thickness of 12 nm on the light shielding film 3 by RF sputtering using gas. Furthermore, the predetermined
- a light-shielding film 3 alone was formed on the main surface of another translucent substrate 1 under the same conditions, and a heat treatment was prepared.
- the light shielding film 3 was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (with XPS and RBS correction).
- the region near the surface of the light-shielding film 3 opposite to the translucent substrate 1 side region from the surface to a depth of about 2 nm
- the content of each constituent element in the region excluding the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film 3 was Cr: 71 atomic%, O: 15 atomic%, and C: 14 atomic% on average. Furthermore, the difference between the constituent elements in the thickness direction of the region excluding the composition gradient portion of the light-shielding film 3 is 3 atomic% or less, and it was confirmed that there is substantially no composition gradient in the thickness direction.
- FIG. 3 shows the depth direction chemical bond state analysis result of the Cr2p narrow spectrum obtained as an analysis result by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for the light shielding film 3 of Example 1.
- FIG. 3 shows the depth direction of the O1s narrow spectrum.
- FIG. 4 shows the results of chemical bond state analysis
- FIG. 5 shows the results of chemical bond state analysis in the depth direction of N1s narrow spectrum
- FIG. 6 shows the results of chemical direction analysis of depth direction of C1s narrow spectrum
- FIG. The results of chemical bonding state analysis in the depth direction are shown in FIG.
- the energy distribution of photoelectrons emitted from the light shielding film 3 is measured by irradiating the surface of the light shielding film 3 with X-rays, and the light shielding film 3 is subjected to Ar gas sputtering. Is repeated for a predetermined time, and the step of measuring the energy distribution of photoelectrons emitted from the light shielding film 3 by irradiating the surface of the light shielding film 3 in the dug area with X-rays is repeated.
- the film thickness direction is analyzed.
- the position in the film thickness direction of the light shielding film 3 after being dug by Ar gas sputtering from the outermost surface of the light shielding film 3 by 0.80 min is a position deeper than the composition gradient portion. That is, all the plots at the depth positions after the “0.80 min plot” are the measurement results of the portion excluding the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film 3.
- Example 3 shows that the light shielding film 3 of Example 1 has a maximum peak at a binding energy of 574 eV except for the outermost surface (a plot of 0.00 min) from the result of the Cr2p narrow spectrum in FIG. This result means that atoms such as nitrogen and oxygen and unbonded chromium atoms are present in a certain ratio or more.
- Example 4 shows that the light shielding film 3 of Example 1 has a maximum peak at a binding energy of about 530 eV except the outermost surface (0.00 min plot). This result means that Cr—O bonds are present in a certain ratio or more.
- Example 6 shows that the light-shielding film 3 of Example 1 has a maximum peak at a binding energy of 282 to 283 eV except for the outermost surface (a plot of 0.00 min) from the result of the C1s narrow spectrum in FIG. This result means that Cr—C bonds are present in a certain ratio or more.
- the halftone phase shift mask 200 of Example 1 was manufactured by the following procedure. First, the surface of the hard mask film 4 was subjected to HMDS treatment. Subsequently, a resist film made of a chemically amplified resist for electron beam drawing with a film thickness of 80 nm was formed in contact with the surface of the hard mask film 4 by spin coating. Next, a first pattern which is a phase shift pattern to be formed on the phase shift film 2 is drawn on the resist film by electron beam, a predetermined development process and a cleaning process are performed, and the resist having the first pattern A pattern 5a was formed (see FIG. 2A). This first pattern includes a line and space pattern having a line width of 100 nm.
- the space width is measured with a CD-SEM (Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope) in the region where the line and space pattern is formed. It was.
- the etching time (total etching time) of the light shielding film 3 is set to 1.5 times the time from the start of etching of the light shielding film 3 until the surface of the phase shift film 2 is first exposed (just etching time). . That is, overetching was additionally performed only for 50% of the just etching time (overetching time). By performing this over-etching, it is possible to improve the verticality of the pattern side wall of the light shielding film 3.
- the space width is measured with a length-measuring SEM (CD-SEM: Critical-Dimension-Scanning-Electron-Microscope) in the area where the line and space pattern is formed. It was. Then, an etching bias which is an amount of change between the space width of the hard mask pattern 4a and the space width of the phase shift pattern 2a measured at a plurality of locations in a region where the same line and space pattern is formed. And an average value of the etching bias was calculated. As a result, the average value of the etching bias was about 4 nm, which was much smaller than the conventional value.
- CD-SEM Critical-Dimension-Scanning-Electron-Microscope
- a resist film made of a chemically amplified resist for electron beam lithography was formed on the light-shielding pattern 3a with a film thickness of 150 nm by spin coating.
- a second pattern which is a pattern to be formed on the light shielding film (a pattern including a light shielding band pattern), is exposed and drawn on the resist film, and a predetermined process such as a development process is performed to provide a light shielding pattern.
- a resist pattern 6b was formed (see FIG. 2E).
- Example 2 [Manufacture of mask blanks]
- the mask blank 100 of Example 2 was manufactured in the same procedure as Example 1 except for the light shielding film 3.
- the light-shielding film 3 of Example 2 is different from the light-shielding film 3 of Example 1 in film formation conditions.
- the translucent substrate 1 on which the phase shift film 2 is formed is installed in a single-wafer DC sputtering apparatus, and using a chromium (Cr) target, argon (Ar), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) And reactive sputtering (DC sputtering) in a mixed gas atmosphere of helium (He).
- a light shielding film (CrOC film) 3 made of chromium, oxygen, and carbon was formed in a thickness of 43 nm in contact with the phase shift film 2.
- the light-transmitting substrate 1 on which the light shielding film (CrOC film) 3 was formed was subjected to heat treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- ArF having a laminated structure of the phase shift film 2 and the light shielding film 3 is used for the translucent substrate 1 on which the phase shift film 2 and the light shielding film 3 are laminated, using a spectrophotometer (Cary 4000 manufactured by Agilent Technologies).
- a spectrophotometer Cary 4000 manufactured by Agilent Technologies
- a light-shielding film 3 alone was formed on the main surface of another translucent substrate 1 under the same conditions, and a heat treatment was prepared.
- the light shielding film 3 was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (with XPS and RBS correction).
- the region near the surface of the light-shielding film 3 opposite to the translucent substrate 1 side region from the surface to a depth of about 2 nm
- the content of each constituent element in the region excluding the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film 3 was Cr: 55 atomic%, O: 30 atomic%, and C: 15 atomic% on average. Furthermore, the difference between the constituent elements in the thickness direction of the region excluding the composition gradient portion of the light-shielding film 3 is 3 atomic% or less, and it was confirmed that there is substantially no composition gradient in the thickness direction.
- Example 2 Similarly to the case of Example 1, with respect to the light-shielding film 3 of Example 2, as a result of the chemical direction analysis of the Cr2p narrow spectrum in the depth direction (see FIG. 8), the chemical direction state of the O1s narrow spectrum in the depth direction. Analysis result (see FIG. 9), N1s narrow spectrum depth direction chemical bond state analysis result (see FIG. 10), C1s narrow spectrum depth direction chemical bond state analysis result (see FIG. 11), and Si2p narrow The results of the chemical bond state analysis in the depth direction of the spectrum (see FIG. 12) were obtained.
- the result of analysis at the position in the film thickness direction of the light shielding film 3 after digging for 80 min by Ar gas sputtering is “0.80 min plot”, and digging by Ar gas sputtering for 1.60 min from the outermost surface of the light shielding film 3
- the analysis result at the position in the film thickness direction of the light shielding film 3 after the insertion is 2.8 from the outermost surface of the light shielding film 3 in the “1.60 min plot”.
- the result of analysis at the position in the film thickness direction of the light shielding film 3 after digging by Ar gas sputtering for min is “2.80 min plot”, and digging by Ar gas sputtering for 3.20 min from the outermost surface of the light shielding film 3
- the result of analysis at the position in the film thickness direction of the light-shielding film 3 after insertion is shown in the “3.20 min plot”.
- the position in the film thickness direction of the light shielding film 3 after being dug by Ar gas sputtering from the outermost surface of the light shielding film 3 by 0.40 min is a position deeper than the composition gradient portion. That is, all the plots at the depth positions after the “0.40 min plot” are the measurement results of the portion excluding the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film 3.
- Example 8 shows that the light shielding film 3 of Example 2 has a maximum peak at a binding energy of 574 eV except for the outermost surface (a plot of 0.00 min) from the result of the Cr2p narrow spectrum in FIG. This result means that atoms such as nitrogen and oxygen and unbonded chromium atoms are present in a certain ratio or more.
- the light-shielding film 3 of Example 2 has a maximum peak that is below the detection lower limit value in all depth regions. This result means that the abundance ratio of atoms bonded to nitrogen including the Cr—N bond was not detected in the light shielding film 3.
- the light shielding film 3 of Example 2 has a maximum peak at a binding energy of 282 to 283 eV, except for the outermost surface (0.00 min plot). This result means that Cr—C bonds are present in a certain ratio or more.
- the phase shift mask 200 of Example 2 was manufactured in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- the space width was measured with a CD-SEM (CD-SEM: Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope). Then, the etching bias, which is the amount of change between the space width of the hard mask pattern 4a and the space width of the phase shift pattern 2a, is calculated at a plurality of locations in the region where the same line and space pattern is formed.
- the average value of the etching bias was calculated. As a result, the average value of the etching bias was about 8 nm, which was sufficiently smaller than the conventional value. This is because the mask blank 100 of Example 2 is high even if the light shielding film 3 is patterned by high bias etching using the hard mask pattern 4a having a fine transfer pattern to be formed on the phase shift film 2 as an etching mask. This shows that the fine transfer pattern can be accurately formed on the light shielding film 3.
- Example 3 [Manufacture of mask blanks]
- the mask blank 100 of Example 3 was manufactured in the same procedure as Example 1 except for the light shielding film 3.
- the light shielding film 3 of Example 3 is the same as the light shielding film 3 of Example 1 except that the film thickness is changed to 18 nm. Therefore, the result of analyzing the light shielding film 3 of Example 3 by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, with RBS correction) is the same as that of the light shielding film 3 of Example 1.
- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- the results of the chemical analysis of the depth direction of each narrow spectrum of Cr2p, O1s, N1s, C1s, and Si2p are the same as those of the light-shielding film 3 of Example 1.
- Example 3 After performing the same heat treatment as in Example 1, a spectrophotometer (Cary 4000 manufactured by Agilent Technologies) was used for the light-transmitting substrate 1 on which the phase shift film 2 and the light-shielding film 3 of Example 3 were laminated.
- the optical density at the wavelength of light (about 193 nm) of the ArF excimer laser of the laminated structure of the phase shift film 2 and the light shielding film 3 was 2.1.
- phase shift mask 200 of Example 3 was manufactured in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- the overetching time is set to 100% of the just etching time. It was time. Since the thickness of the light-shielding film 3 in Example 3 is about 1 ⁇ 2 that of the light-shielding film 3 in Example 1, the just etching time in Example 3 is the same as the just etching time in Example 1. It is greatly shortened to about 1/2.
- the overetching time in the third embodiment is shortened to about 1 ⁇ 2 of the just etching time (that is, about 1 ⁇ 4 of the just etching time in the first embodiment) as in the first embodiment, the light is blocked.
- the verticality of the pattern sidewall shape of the film 3 cannot be improved.
- the space width was measured with a CD-SEM (CD-SEM: Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope). Then, the etching bias, which is the amount of change between the space width of the hard mask pattern 4a and the space width of the phase shift pattern 2a, is calculated at a plurality of locations in the region where the same line and space pattern is formed. Further, the average value of the etching bias was calculated. As a result, the average value of the etching bias was about 3 nm, which was much smaller than the conventional value.
- the mask blank 100 of Example 3 is high even if the light shielding film 3 is patterned by high bias etching using the hard mask pattern 4a having a fine transfer pattern to be formed on the phase shift film 2 as an etching mask. This shows that the fine transfer pattern can be accurately formed on the light shielding film 3.
- Example 4 [Manufacture of mask blanks]
- the mask blank 100 of Example 4 was manufactured in the same procedure as Example 2 except for the light shielding film 3.
- the light shielding film 3 of Example 4 is the same as the light shielding film 3 of Example 2 except that the film thickness is changed to 23 nm. Therefore, the result of analyzing the light-shielding film 3 of Example 4 by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, with RBS correction) is the same as that of the light-shielding film 3 of Example 2.
- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- the result of the chemical analysis of the depth direction of each narrow spectrum of Cr2p, O1s, N1s, C1s, and Si2p is also the same as that of the light shielding film 3 of the second embodiment.
- Example 4 After performing the same heat treatment as in Example 1, a spectrophotometer (Cary 4000 manufactured by Agilent Technologies) was used for the light-transmitting substrate 1 on which the phase shift film 2 and the light-shielding film 3 of Example 4 were laminated.
- the optical density at the wavelength of light (about 193 nm) of the ArF excimer laser of the laminated structure of the phase shift film 2 and the light shielding film 3 was 2.1.
- the phase shift mask 200 of Example 4 was manufactured in the same procedure as in Example 2.
- the overetching time is set to 100% of the just etching time. It was time. Since the thickness of the light-shielding film 3 of Example 4 is about 1 ⁇ 2 that of the light-shielding film 3 of Example 2, the just etching time in Example 4 is the same as the just etching time in Example 2. It is greatly shortened to about 1/2. On the other hand, if the overetching time is shortened to about 1 ⁇ 2, the perpendicularity of the pattern sidewall shape of the light shielding film 3 cannot be improved.
- the space width was measured with a CD-SEM (CD-SEM: Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope). Then, the etching bias, which is the amount of change between the space width of the hard mask pattern 4a and the space width of the phase shift pattern 2a, is calculated at a plurality of locations in the region where the same line and space pattern is formed. Further, the average value of the etching bias was calculated. As a result, the average value of the etching bias was about 7 nm, which was sufficiently smaller than the conventional value.
- the mask blank 100 of Example 4 is high even if the light shielding film 3 is patterned by high bias etching using the hard mask pattern 4a having a fine transfer pattern to be formed on the phase shift film 2 as an etching mask. This shows that the fine transfer pattern can be accurately formed on the light shielding film 3.
- the mask blank of Comparative Example 1 was manufactured in the same procedure as in Example 1 except for the light shielding film 3.
- the film forming conditions of the light shielding film of Comparative Example 1 are different from those of the light shielding film 3 of Example 1.
- the translucent substrate 1 on which the phase shift film 2 is formed is installed in a single-wafer DC sputtering apparatus, and using a chromium (Cr) target, argon (Ar), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) , Reactive sputtering (DC sputtering) in a mixed gas atmosphere of nitrogen (N 2 ) and helium (He) was performed.
- a light shielding film (CrOCN film) made of chromium, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen was formed in a thickness of 43 nm in contact with the phase shift film 2.
- the light-transmitting substrate on which the light shielding film (CrOCN film) was formed was subjected to heat treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- the light transmission of the ArF excimer laser having a laminated structure of the phase shift film and the light-shielding film is performed on the light-transmitting substrate on which the phase shift film and the light-shielding film are laminated using a spectrophotometer (Cary 4000 manufactured by Agilent Technologies).
- a spectrophotometer Cary 4000 manufactured by Agilent Technologies
- a light-shielding film alone was formed on the main surface of another translucent substrate under the same conditions, and a heat treatment was prepared.
- the light shielding film was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (with XPS and RBS correction).
- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- the region near the surface of the light-shielding film opposite to the translucent substrate region from the surface to a depth of about 2 nm
- each constituent element in the region excluding the composition gradient portion of the light-shielding film is, on average, Cr: 55 atomic%, O: 22 atomic%, C: 12 atomic%, and N: 11 atomic%. all right. Furthermore, the difference in each constituent element in the thickness direction of the region excluding the composition gradient portion of the light-shielding film was 3 atomic% or less, and it was confirmed that there was substantially no composition gradient in the thickness direction.
- the light-shielding film of Comparative Example 1 has a maximum peak with a binding energy greater than 574 eV in the region after the depth of “1.60 min plot”. Recognize. This result means that the existence ratio of atoms such as nitrogen and oxygen and unbonded chromium atoms is considerably small even though it is a so-called chemical shift.
- phase shift mask of Comparative Example 1 was manufactured in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- the line In the region where the and space pattern was formed the space width was measured with a CD-SEM (CD-SEM: Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope).
- the etching bias which is the amount of change between the space width of the hard mask pattern and the space width of the phase shift pattern, is calculated respectively. The average value of the etching bias was calculated.
- the average value of the etching bias was 15 nm, which was a relatively large value. This is because when the light-shielding film is patterned with high bias etching using a hard mask pattern having a fine transfer pattern to be formed on the phase shift film as an etching mask, the mask blank of Comparative Example 1 is fine with high precision. This means that it is difficult to form the transfer pattern on the light shielding film.
- the mask blank of Comparative Example 2 was manufactured in the same procedure as in Example 1 except for the light shielding film 3.
- the film forming conditions of the light shielding film of Comparative Example 2 are different from those of the light shielding film 3 of Example 1.
- the translucent substrate 1 on which the phase shift film 2 is formed is installed in a single wafer DC sputtering apparatus, and using a chromium (Cr) target, argon (Ar), nitric oxide (NO). And reactive sputtering (DC sputtering) in a mixed gas atmosphere of helium (He).
- a light shielding film (CrON film) made of chromium, oxygen and nitrogen was formed in a thickness of 43 nm in contact with the phase shift film 2.
- the light-transmitting substrate on which the light shielding film (CrON film) was formed was subjected to heat treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- the light transmission of the ArF excimer laser having a laminated structure of the phase shift film and the light-shielding film is performed on the light-transmitting substrate on which the phase shift film and the light-shielding film are laminated using a spectrophotometer (Cary 4000 manufactured by Agilent Technologies).
- a spectrophotometer Cary 4000 manufactured by Agilent Technologies
- a light-shielding film alone was formed on the main surface of another translucent substrate under the same conditions, and a heat treatment was prepared.
- the light shielding film was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (with XPS and RBS correction).
- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- the region near the surface of the light-shielding film opposite to the translucent substrate region from the surface to a depth of about 2 nm
- each constituent element in the region excluding the composition gradient portion of the light shielding film was Cr: 58 atomic%, O: 17 atomic%, and N: 25 atomic% on average. Furthermore, the difference in each constituent element in the thickness direction of the region excluding the composition gradient portion of the light-shielding film was 3 atomic% or less, and it was confirmed that there was substantially no composition gradient in the thickness direction.
- the light shielding film of Comparative Example 2 also has a N2s narrow spectrum as a result of a depth direction chemical bond state analysis of the Cr2p narrow spectrum, a depth direction chemical bond state analysis of the O1s narrow spectrum.
- the depth direction chemical bond state analysis of the C1s narrow spectrum and the depth direction chemical bond state analysis of the Si2p narrow spectrum were obtained.
- the light-shielding film of Comparative Example 2 has a maximum peak with a binding energy larger than 574 eV in all depth regions including the outermost surface. This result means that the existence ratio of atoms such as nitrogen and oxygen and unbonded chromium atoms is considerably small even though it is a so-called chemical shift. From the results of the O1s narrow spectrum, it was found that the light-shielding film of Comparative Example 2 had a maximum peak at a binding energy of about 530 eV in all depth regions including the outermost surface. This result means that Cr—O bonds are present in a certain ratio or more.
- phase shift mask of Comparative Example 2 was produced in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- the line In the region where the and space pattern was formed the space width was measured with a CD-SEM (CD-SEM: Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope).
- the etching bias which is the amount of change between the space width of the hard mask pattern and the space width of the phase shift pattern, is calculated respectively. The average value of the etching bias was calculated.
- the average value of the etching bias was 25 nm, which was a large value. This is because the mask blank of Comparative Example 2 is highly accurate when the light shielding film is patterned by high bias etching using a hard mask pattern having a fine transfer pattern to be formed on the phase shift film as an etching mask. This means that it is difficult to form the transfer pattern on the light shielding film.
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Abstract
Description
透光性基板上に、位相シフト膜、遮光膜及びハードマスク膜がこの順に積層された構造を備えるマスクブランクであって、
前記位相シフト膜は、ケイ素を含有する材料からなり、
前記ハードマスク膜は、ケイ素及びタンタルから選ばれる1以上の元素を含有する材料からなり、
前記遮光膜は、前記ハードマスク膜側の表面及びその近傍の領域に酸素含有量が増加した組成傾斜部を有する単層膜であり、
前記遮光膜は、クロム、酸素及び炭素を含有する材料からなり、
前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、クロム含有量が50原子%以上であり、
前記遮光膜は、X線光電子分光法で分析して得られるN1sのナロースペクトルの最大ピークが検出下限値以下であり、
前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、X線光電子分光法で分析して得られるCr2pのナロースペクトルが574eV以下の結合エネルギーで最大ピークを有する
ことを特徴とするマスクブランク。
前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分における炭素の含有量[原子%]をクロム、炭素及び酸素の合計含有量[原子%]で除した比率は、0.1以上であることを特徴とする構成1記載のマスクブランク。
(構成3)
前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部は、X線光電子分光法で分析して得られるCr2pのナロースペクトルが576eV以上の結合エネルギーで最大ピークを有することを特徴とする構成1または2記載のマスクブランク。
前記遮光膜は、X線光電子分光法で分析して得られるSi2pのナロースペクトルの最大ピークが検出下限値以下であることを特徴とする構成1から3のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
(構成5)
前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、クロム含有量が80原子%以下であることを特徴とする構成1から4のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、炭素含有量が10原子%以上20原子%以下であることを特徴とする構成1から5のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
(構成7)
前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、酸素含有量が10原子%以上35原子%以下であることを特徴とする構成1から6のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、厚さ方向における各構成元素の含有量の差がいずれも10原子%未満であることを特徴とする構成1から7のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
(構成9)
前記遮光膜は、前記位相シフト膜との積層構造におけるArFエキシマレーザーの露光光に対する光学濃度が2.0より大きいことを特徴とする構成1から8のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
前記遮光膜は、厚さが60nm以下であることを特徴とする構成1から9のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
構成1から10のいずれかに記載のマスクブランクを用いる位相シフトマスクの製造方法であって、
前記ハードマスク膜上に形成された位相シフトパターンを有するレジスト膜をマスクとし、フッ素系ガスを用いたドライエッチングにより、前記ハードマスク膜に位相シフトパターンを形成する工程と、
前記位相シフトパターンが形成されたハードマスク膜をマスクとし、塩素系ガスと酸素ガスとの混合ガスを用いたドライエッチングにより、遮光膜に位相シフトパターンを形成する工程と、
前記位相シフトパターンが形成された前記遮光膜をマスクとし、フッ素系ガスを用いたドライエッチングにより、位相シフト膜に位相シフトパターンを形成する工程と、
前記遮光膜上に形成された遮光パターンを有するレジスト膜をマスクとし、塩素系ガスと酸素ガスとの混合ガスを用いたドライエッチングにより、前記遮光膜に遮光パターンを形成する工程とを有することを特徴とする位相シフトマスクの製造方法。
構成11記載の位相シフトマスクを用い、半導体基板上のレジスト膜に転写パターンを露光転写する工程を備えることを特徴とする半導体デバイスの製造方法。
図1に、マスクブランクの実施形態の概略構成を示す。図1に示すマスクブランク100は、透光性基板1における一方の主表面上に、位相シフト膜2、遮光膜3、及び、ハードマスク膜4がこの順に積層された構成である。また、マスクブランク100は、ハードマスク膜4上に、必要に応じてレジスト膜を積層させた構成であってもよい。以下、マスクブランク100の主要構成部の詳細を説明する。
透光性基板1は、リソグラフィーにおける露光工程で用いられる露光光に対して透過性が良好な材料からなる。このような材料としては、合成石英ガラス、アルミノシリケートガラス、ソーダライムガラス、低熱膨張ガラス(SiO2-TiO2ガラス等)、その他各種のガラス基板を用いることができる。特に、合成石英ガラスを用いた基板は、ArFエキシマレーザー光(波長:約193nm)に対する透過性が高いので、マスクブランク100の透光性基板1として好適に用いることができる。
位相シフト膜2は、露光転写工程で用いられる露光光に対して所定の透過率を有し、かつ位相シフト膜2を透過した露光光と、位相シフト膜2の厚さと同じ距離だけ大気中を透過した露光光とが、所定の位相差となるような光学特性を有する。
このうち、半金属元素は、ケイ素に加え、いずれの半金属元素であってもよい。非金属元素は、窒素に加え、いずれの非金属元素であってもよく、例えば酸素(O)、炭素(C)、フッ素(F)及び水素(H)から選ばれる一以上の元素を含有させると好ましい。金属元素は、モリブデン(Mo)、タングステン(W)、チタン(Ti)、タンタル(Ta)、ジルコニウム(Zr)、ハフニウム(Hf)、ニオブ(Nb)、バナジウム(V)、コバルト(Co)、クロム(Cr)、ニッケル(Ni)、ルテニウム(Ru)、スズ(Sn)、ホウ素(B)、ゲルマニウム(Ge)が例示される。
遮光膜3は、このマスクブランク100に形成される遮光帯パターンを含む遮光パターンを構成する膜であり、リソグラフィーにおける露光工程で用いられる露光光に対して遮光性を有する膜である。遮光膜3は、位相シフト膜2との積層構造で、例えば波長193nmのArFエキシマレーザー光に対する光学濃度(OD)が2.0より大きいことが求められ、2.8以上であることが好ましく、3.0以上であることがより好ましい。また、リソグラフィーにおける露光工程において、露光光の反射による露光転写の不具合を防止するため、両側主表面においての露光光の表面反射率が低く抑えられている。特に、露光装置の縮小光学系からの露光光の反射光が当たる、遮光膜3における表面側(透光性基板1から最も遠い側の表面)の反射率は、例えば40%以下(好ましくは、30%以下)であることが望まれる。これは、遮光膜3の表面と縮小光学系のレンズの間での多重反射で生じる迷光を抑制するためである。
ハードマスク膜4は、遮光膜3の表面に接して設けられている。ハードマスク膜4は、遮光膜3をエッチングする際に用いられるエッチングガスに対してエッチング耐性を有する材料で形成された膜である。このハードマスク膜4は、遮光膜3にパターンを形成するためのドライエッチングが終わるまでの間、エッチングマスクとして機能することができるだけの膜の厚さがあれば十分であり、基本的に光学特性の制限を受けない。このため、ハードマスク膜4の厚さは遮光膜3の厚さに比べて大幅に薄くすることができる。
マスクブランク100において、ハードマスク膜4の表面に接して、有機系材料のレジスト膜が100nm以下の膜厚で形成されていることが好ましい。DRAM hp32nm世代に対応する微細パターンの場合、遮光膜3に形成すべき遮光パターンに、線幅が40nmのSRAF(Sub-Resolution Assist Feature)が設けられることがある。しかし、この場合でも上述のようにハードマスク膜4を設けたことによってレジスト膜の膜厚を抑えることができ、これによってこのレジスト膜で構成されたレジストパターンの断面アスペクト比を1:2.5と低くすることができる。したがって、レジスト膜の現像時、リンス時等にレジストパターンが倒壊や脱離することを抑制することができる。なお、レジスト膜は、膜厚が80nm以下であることがより好ましい。レジスト膜は、電子線描画露光用のレジストであると好ましく、さらにそのレジストが化学増幅型であるとより好ましい。
以上の構成のマスクブランク100は、次のような手順で製造する。先ず、透光性基板1を用意する。この透光性基板1は、端面及び主表面が所定の表面粗さ(例えば、一辺が1μmの四角形の内側領域内において自乗平均平方根粗さRqが0.2nm以下)に研磨され、その後、所定の洗浄処理及び乾燥処理を施されたものである。
次に、本実施の形態における位相シフトマスクの製造方法を、図1に示す構成のマスクブランク100を用いた、ハーフトーン型位相シフトマスクの製造方法を例に説明する。
次に、上述の製造方法により作製された位相シフトマスクを用いる半導体デバイスの製造方法について説明する。半導体デバイスの製造方法は、上述の製造方法によって製造されたハーフトーン型の位相シフトマスク200を用いて、基板上のレジスト膜に対して位相シフトマスク200の転写パターン(位相シフトパターン2a)を露光転写することを特徴としている。このような半導体デバイスの製造方法は、次のように行う。
[マスクブランクの製造]
図1を参照し、主表面の寸法が約152mm×約152mmで、厚さが約6.35mmの合成石英ガラスからなる透光性基板1を準備した。この透光性基板1は、端面及び主表面が所定の表面粗さ(Rqで0.2nm以下)に研磨され、その後、所定の洗浄処理及び乾燥処理が施されている。
次に、この実施例1のマスクブランク100を用い、以下の手順で実施例1のハーフトーン型の位相シフトマスク200を製造した。最初に、ハードマスク膜4の表面にHMDS処理を施した。続いて、スピン塗布法によって、ハードマスク膜4の表面に接して、電子線描画用化学増幅型レジストからなるレジスト膜を膜厚80nmで形成した。次に、このレジスト膜に対して、位相シフト膜2に形成すべき位相シフトパターンである第1のパターンを電子線描画し、所定の現像処理及び洗浄処理を行い、第1のパターンを有するレジストパターン5aを形成した(図2(a)参照)。この第1のパターンは、線幅100nmのライン・アンド・スペースパターンを含むものとした。
以上の手順を得て作製された位相シフトマスク200に対し、AIMS193(Carl Zeiss社製)を用いて、波長193nmの露光光で半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写したときにおける転写像のシミュレーションを行った。このシミュレーションの露光転写像を検証したところ、設計仕様を十分に満たしていた。この結果から、この実施例1の位相シフトマスク200を露光装置のマスクステージにセットし、半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写したとしても、最終的に半導体デバイス上に形成される回路パターンは高精度で形成できるといえる。
[マスクブランクの製造]
実施例2のマスクブランク100は、遮光膜3以外については、実施例1と同様の手順で製造した。この実施例2の遮光膜3は、実施例1の遮光膜3とは成膜条件を変更している。具体的には、枚葉式DCスパッタリング装置内に位相シフト膜2が形成された透光性基板1を設置し、クロム(Cr)ターゲットを用いて、アルゴン(Ar)、二酸化炭素(CO2)及びヘリウム(He)の混合ガス雰囲気での反応性スパッタリング(DCスパッタリング)を行った。これにより、位相シフト膜2に接して、クロム、酸素及び炭素からなる遮光膜(CrOC膜)3を43nmの膜厚で形成した。
次に、この実施例2のマスクブランク100を用い、実施例1と同様の手順で、実施例2の位相シフトマスク200を製造した。実施例1の場合と同様に、ハードマスクパターン4aが形成された後(図2(b)参照)と、位相シフトパターン2aが形成された後(図2(d)参照)のそれぞれに対し、ライン・アンド・スペースパターンが形成されている領域で、測長SEM(CD-SEM:Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope)でスペース幅の測長を行った。そして、同じライン・アンド・スペースパターンが形成されている領域内の複数個所で、ハードマスクパターン4aのスペース幅と位相シフトパターン2aのスペース幅との間の変化量であるエッチングバイアスをそれぞれ算出し、さらにエッチングバイアスの平均値を算出した。その結果、エッチングバイアスの平均値は8nm程度であり、従来よりも十分に小さい値であった。このことは、実施例2のマスクブランク100は、位相シフト膜2に形成すべき微細な転写パターンを有するハードマスクパターン4aをエッチングマスクとする高バイアスエッチングで遮光膜3をパターニングしても、高精度にその微細な転写パターンを遮光膜3に形成することができることを示している。
実施例2の位相シフトマスク200に対し、実施例1と同様にAIMS193(Carl Zeiss社製)を用いて、波長193nmの露光光で半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写したときにおける転写像のシミュレーションを行った。このシミュレーションの露光転写像を検証したところ、設計仕様を十分に満たしていた。この結果から、この実施例2の位相シフトマスク200を露光装置のマスクステージにセットし、半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写したとしても、最終的に半導体デバイス上に形成される回路パターンは高精度で形成できるといえる。
[マスクブランクの製造]
実施例3のマスクブランク100は、遮光膜3以外については、実施例1と同様の手順で製造した。この実施例3の遮光膜3は、実施例1の遮光膜3とは膜厚を18nmに変更したこと以外は同じものを適用している。よって、この実施例3の遮光膜3に対して、X線光電子分光法(XPS,RBS補正有り)で分析を行った結果は、実施例1の遮光膜3と同じである。また、Cr2p、O1s、N1s、C1s、Si2pの各ナロースペクトルの深さ方向化学結合状態分析の結果も、実施例1の遮光膜3と同じである。
次に、この実施例3のマスクブランク100を用い、実施例1と同様の手順で、実施例3の位相シフトマスク200を製造した。ただし、実施例3の位相シフトマスク200の製造では、ハードマスクパターン4aをエッチングマスクとする高バイアスエッチングで遮光膜3に第1のパターンを形成する際、オーバーエッチングタイムをジャストエッチングタイムの100%の時間とした。実施例3の遮光膜3の膜厚が実施例1の遮光膜3に比べて約1/2の薄さになったことから、実施例3におけるジャストエッチングタイムは実施例1におけるジャストエッチングタイムの約1/2と大幅に短縮される。これに対し、実施例3におけるオーバーエッチングタイムは、実施例1のようにジャストエッチングタイムの約1/2(すなわち実施例1におけるジャストエッチングタイムの約1/4)まで短縮してしまうと、遮光膜3のパターン側壁形状の垂直性を高められない。
実施例3の位相シフトマスク200に対し、実施例1と同様にAIMS193(Carl Zeiss社製)を用いて、波長193nmの露光光で半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写したときにおける転写像のシミュレーションを行った。このシミュレーションの露光転写像を検証したところ、設計仕様を十分に満たしていた。この結果から、この実施例3の位相シフトマスク200を露光装置のマスクステージにセットし、半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写したとしても、最終的に半導体デバイス上に形成される回路パターンは高精度で形成できるといえる。
[マスクブランクの製造]
実施例4のマスクブランク100は、遮光膜3以外については、実施例2と同様の手順で製造した。この実施例4の遮光膜3は、実施例2の遮光膜3とは膜厚を23nmに変更したこと以外は同じものを適用している。よって、この実施例4の遮光膜3に対して、X線光電子分光法(XPS,RBS補正有り)で分析を行った結果は、実施例2の遮光膜3と同じである。また、Cr2p、O1s、N1s、C1s、Si2pの各ナロースペクトルの深さ方向化学結合状態分析の結果も、実施例2の遮光膜3と同じである。
次に、この実施例4のマスクブランク100を用い、実施例2と同様の手順で、実施例4の位相シフトマスク200を製造した。ただし、実施例4の位相シフトマスク200の製造では、ハードマスクパターン4aをエッチングマスクとする高バイアスエッチングで遮光膜3に第1のパターンを形成する際、オーバーエッチングタイムをジャストエッチングタイムの100%の時間とした。実施例4の遮光膜3の膜厚が実施例2の遮光膜3に比べて約1/2の薄さになったことから、実施例4におけるジャストエッチングタイムは実施例2におけるジャストエッチングタイムの約1/2と大幅に短縮される。これに対し、オーバーエッチングタイムは、約1/2まで短縮してしまうと、遮光膜3のパターン側壁形状の垂直性を高められない。
実施例4の位相シフトマスク200に対し、実施例1と同様にAIMS193(Carl Zeiss社製)を用いて、波長193nmの露光光で半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写したときにおける転写像のシミュレーションを行った。このシミュレーションの露光転写像を検証したところ、設計仕様を十分に満たしていた。この結果から、この実施例4の位相シフトマスク200を露光装置のマスクステージにセットし、半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写したとしても、最終的に半導体デバイス上に形成される回路パターンは高精度で形成できるといえる。
[マスクブランクの製造]
比較例1のマスクブランクは、遮光膜3以外については、実施例1と同様の手順で製造した。この比較例1の遮光膜は、実施例1の遮光膜3とは成膜条件を変更している。具体的には、枚葉式DCスパッタリング装置内に位相シフト膜2が形成された透光性基板1を設置し、クロム(Cr)ターゲットを用いて、アルゴン(Ar)、二酸化炭素(CO2)、窒素(N2)及びヘリウム(He)の混合ガス雰囲気での反応性スパッタリング(DCスパッタリング)を行った。これにより、位相シフト膜2に接して、クロム、酸素、炭素及び窒素からなる遮光膜(CrOCN膜)を43nmの膜厚で形成した。
次に、この比較例1のマスクブランクを用い、実施例1と同様の手順で、比較例1の位相シフトマスクを製造した。実施例1の場合と同様に、ハードマスクパターンが形成された後(図2(b)参照)と、位相シフトパターンが形成された後(図2(d)参照)のそれぞれに対し、ライン・アンド・スペースパターンが形成されている領域で、測長SEM(CD-SEM:Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope)でスペース幅の測長を行った。そして、同じライン・アンド・スペースパターンが形成されている領域内の複数個所で、ハードマスクパターンのスペース幅と位相シフトパターンのスペース幅との間の変化量であるエッチングバイアスをそれぞれ算出し、さらにエッチングバイアスの平均値を算出した。その結果、エッチングバイアスの平均値は15nmであり、比較的大きい値であった。このことは、比較例1のマスクブランクは、位相シフト膜に形成すべき微細な転写パターンを有するハードマスクパターンをエッチングマスクとする高バイアスエッチングで遮光膜をパターニングした場合、高精度にその微細な転写パターンを遮光膜に形成することが困難であることを意味している。
比較例1の位相シフトマスクに対し、実施例1と同様にAIMS193(Carl Zeiss社製)を用いて、波長193nmの露光光で半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写したときにおける転写像のシミュレーションを行った。このシミュレーションの露光転写像を検証したところ、転写不良が確認された。これは、遮光パターンのパターン側壁のサイドエッチング量が大きいことに起因して形状の垂直性が悪く、さらに面内のCD均一性も低いことが、転写不良の発生要因と推察される。この結果から、この比較例1の位相シフトマスクを露光装置のマスクステージにセットし、半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写した場合、最終的に半導体デバイス上に形成される回路パターンに不良箇所が発生してしまうといえる。
[マスクブランクの製造]
比較例2のマスクブランクは、遮光膜3以外については、実施例1と同様の手順で製造した。この比較例2の遮光膜は、実施例1の遮光膜3とは成膜条件を変更している。具体的には、枚葉式DCスパッタリング装置内に位相シフト膜2が形成された透光性基板1を設置し、クロム(Cr)ターゲットを用いて、アルゴン(Ar)、一酸化窒素(NO)及びヘリウム(He)の混合ガス雰囲気での反応性スパッタリング(DCスパッタリング)を行った。これにより、位相シフト膜2に接して、クロム、酸素及び窒素からなる遮光膜(CrON膜)を43nmの膜厚で形成した。
C1sナロースペクトルの結果から、この比較例2の遮光膜は、最表面を除き、最大ピークが検出下限値以下であることがわかる。また、最表面は有機物等のコンタミネーションの影響を大きく受けるため、最表面に関しては炭素に関する測定結果は参考にし難い。この結果は、比較例2の遮光膜ではCr-C結合を含め、炭素と結合した原子の存在比率が検出されなかったことを意味している。
次に、この比較例2のマスクブランクを用い、実施例1と同様の手順で、比較例2の位相シフトマスクを製造した。実施例2の場合と同様に、ハードマスクパターンが形成された後(図2(b)参照)と、位相シフトパターンが形成された後(図2(d)参照)のそれぞれに対し、ライン・アンド・スペースパターンが形成されている領域で、測長SEM(CD-SEM:Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope)でスペース幅の測長を行った。そして、同じライン・アンド・スペースパターンが形成されている領域内の複数個所で、ハードマスクパターンのスペース幅と位相シフトパターンのスペース幅との間の変化量であるエッチングバイアスをそれぞれ算出し、さらにエッチングバイアスの平均値を算出した。その結果、エッチングバイアスの平均値は25nmであり、大分大きい値であった。このことは、比較例2のマスクブランクは、位相シフト膜に形成すべき微細な転写パターンを有するハードマスクパターンをエッチングマスクとする高バイアスエッチングで遮光膜をパターニングした場合、高精度にその微細な転写パターンを遮光膜に形成することが困難であることを意味している。
比較例2の位相シフトマスクに対し、実施例1と同様にAIMS193(Carl Zeiss社製)を用いて、波長193nmの露光光で半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写したときにおける転写像のシミュレーションを行った。このシミュレーションの露光転写像を検証したところ、転写不良が確認された。これは、遮光パターンのパターン側壁のサイドエッチング量が大きいことに起因して形状の垂直性が悪く、さらに面内のCD均一性も低いことが、転写不良の発生要因と推察される。この結果から、この比較例2の位相シフトマスクを露光装置のマスクステージにセットし、半導体デバイス上のレジスト膜に露光転写した場合、最終的に半導体デバイス上に形成される回路パターンに不良箇所が発生してしまうといえる。
2 位相シフト膜
2a 位相シフトパターン
3 遮光膜
3a,3b 遮光パターン
4 ハードマスク膜
4a ハードマスクパターン
5a レジストパターン
6b レジストパターン
100 マスクブランク
200 位相シフトマスク
Claims (12)
- 透光性基板上に、位相シフト膜、遮光膜及びハードマスク膜がこの順に積層された構造を備えるマスクブランクであって、
前記位相シフト膜は、ケイ素を含有する材料からなり、
前記ハードマスク膜は、ケイ素及びタンタルから選ばれる1以上の元素を含有する材料からなり、
前記遮光膜は、前記ハードマスク膜側の表面及びその近傍の領域に酸素含有量が増加した組成傾斜部を有する単層膜であり、
前記遮光膜は、クロム、酸素及び炭素を含有する材料からなり、
前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、クロム含有量が50原子%以上であり、
前記遮光膜は、X線光電子分光法で分析して得られるN1sのナロースペクトルの最大ピークが検出下限値以下であり、
前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、X線光電子分光法で分析して得られるCr2pのナロースペクトルが574eV以下の結合エネルギーで最大ピークを有する
ことを特徴とするマスクブランク。 - 前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分における炭素の含有量[原子%]をクロム、炭素及び酸素の合計含有量[原子%]で除した比率は、0.1以上であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のマスクブランク。
- 前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部は、X線光電子分光法で分析して得られるCr2pのナロースペクトルが576eV以上の結合エネルギーで最大ピークを有することを特徴とする請求項1または2記載のマスクブランク。
- 前記遮光膜は、X線光電子分光法で分析して得られるSi2pのナロースペクトルの最大ピークが検出下限値以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
- 前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、クロム含有量が80原子%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
- 前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、炭素含有量が10原子%以上20原子%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
- 前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、酸素含有量が10原子%以上35原子%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
- 前記遮光膜の組成傾斜部を除いた部分は、厚さ方向における各構成元素の含有量の差がいずれも10原子%未満であることを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
- 前記遮光膜は、前記位相シフト膜との積層構造におけるArFエキシマレーザーの露光光に対する光学濃度が2.0より大きいことを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
- 前記遮光膜は、厚さが60nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれかに記載のマスクブランク。
- 請求項1から10のいずれかに記載のマスクブランクを用いる位相シフトマスクの製造方法であって、
前記ハードマスク膜上に形成された位相シフトパターンを有するレジスト膜をマスクとし、フッ素系ガスを用いたドライエッチングにより、前記ハードマスク膜に位相シフトパターンを形成する工程と、
前記位相シフトパターンが形成されたハードマスク膜をマスクとし、塩素系ガスと酸素ガスとの混合ガスを用いたドライエッチングにより、遮光膜に位相シフトパターンを形成する工程と、
前記位相シフトパターンが形成された前記遮光膜をマスクとし、フッ素系ガスを用いたドライエッチングにより、位相シフト膜に位相シフトパターンを形成する工程と、
前記遮光膜上に形成された遮光パターンを有するレジスト膜をマスクとし、塩素系ガスと酸素ガスとの混合ガスを用いたドライエッチングにより、前記遮光膜に遮光パターンを形成する工程とを有することを特徴とする位相シフトマスクの製造方法。 - 請求項11記載の位相シフトマスクを用い、半導体基板上のレジスト膜に転写パターンを露光転写する工程を備えることを特徴とする半導体デバイスの製造方法。
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