WO2015141661A1 - 熱可塑性樹脂組成物及び樹脂成形品 - Google Patents
熱可塑性樹脂組成物及び樹脂成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/04—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2451/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2451/04—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/06—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features having improved processability or containing aids for moulding methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/04—Thermoplastic elastomer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin composition.
- it is related with the thermoplastic resin composition excellent in continuous moldability and the improvement property of a molded article appearance.
- the present invention also relates to a resin molded product obtained by molding this thermoplastic resin composition.
- ABS resins and high-impact polystyrene resins in which a rubber component is blended in the resin composition are provided.
- the diene polymer used as a rubber component for imparting impact resistance has many chemically unstable double bonds in its main chain. It is easy to deteriorate and generally has poor weather resistance.
- an ASA resin As an improvement in the weather resistance of ABS resin, an ASA resin has been proposed by graft copolymerization of an acrylonitrile compound and a styrene compound in the presence of an acrylic rubber having no double bond.
- ASA resin uses acrylic rubber as rubber, and has excellent weather resistance, but has a disadvantage of poor impact resistance.
- a method for increasing the degree of swelling of acrylic rubber may be taken as a method for improving the impact resistance of ASA resin.
- ASA resin a method for improving the impact resistance of acrylic rubber.
- the surface gloss of the resin molded product is remarkably lowered.
- the impact resistance is improved by increasing the molecular weight of the resin, the excellent moldability characteristic of the ASA resin is impaired.
- Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 3-66329 discloses a compound of an inferior amount of conjugated diene rubber and a dominant amount of acrylate rubber.
- a special ASA resin using rubber is proposed.
- the gas generated during the molding process is deposited in a greasy manner on the mold, and this deposit moves to the molded product side, thereby deteriorating the appearance of the molded product. For this reason, it is necessary to periodically remove the greasy deposit adhering to the mold, which is inferior in continuous formability. Even when the amount of gas generated is small, there is a problem that appearance defects such as flow marks and silver streaks occur in the molded product.
- the present invention provides a thermoplastic resin composition excellent in continuous moldability and improved appearance of a molded product, and a resin molded product formed by molding this thermoplastic resin composition.
- the present inventor has obtained a graft copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing an aromatic vinyl monomer and a vinyl cyanide monomer in the presence of a specific composite rubber-like polymer, A predetermined amount of an alkaline earth metal oxide and a copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing an aromatic vinyl monomer and a vinyl cyanide monomer are blended at a predetermined ratio. It has been found that a thermoplastic resin composition to which is added can solve the above problems.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- the composite rubber-like polymer (I) is a single polymer containing an acrylate ester constituting the crosslinked acrylate ester polymer (ii) in the presence of the diene rubber (i).
- a thermoplastic resin composition obtained by polymerizing a monomer.
- thermoplastic resin composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the diene rubber (i) has a polystyrene-converted weight average molecular weight of 100,000 or more in terms of toluene-soluble content.
- thermoplastic resin composition excellent in continuous moldability and improved appearance of a molded product and a resin molded product thereof are provided.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention containing a graft copolymer (A) obtained by graft copolymerization of a monomer mixture (II) containing a monomer and a copolymer (B) Excellent impact and weather resistance, conventional applications that require impact resistance and weather resistance, such as vehicle interiors, vehicle exteriors, building materials, and mobile devices that have many opportunities to be taken outdoors (notebook and tablet personal computers) , Mobile phones including smart phones, digital cameras, digital video cameras, and the like).
- excellent continuous moldability can be obtained.
- the molded article of the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention has an excellent appearance.
- thermoplastic resin composition comprises 18 to 44 parts by mass of the following graft copolymer (A) and 56 to 82 parts by mass of the following copolymer (B) so that the total amount is 100 parts by mass, 0.1 to 0.3 parts by mass of an alkaline earth metal oxide (M) is contained with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the graft copolymer (A) and the copolymer (B).
- the graft copolymer (A) is an aromatic vinyl-based polymer in the presence of a composite rubber-like polymer (I) comprising a diene rubber (i) and a crosslinked acrylate polymer (ii). It is obtained by graft copolymerization of a monomer mixture (II) consisting of a monomer, a vinyl cyanide monomer, and other monomers copolymerizable with these as required.
- a monomer mixture (II) consisting of a monomer, a vinyl cyanide monomer, and other monomers copolymerizable with these as required.
- the diene rubber (i) constituting the composite rubber-like polymer (I) is a polybutadiene; a conjugated diene polymer such as a copolymer of a vinyl monomer copolymerizable with butadiene; Butadiene-aromatic vinyl copolymer such as vinyl toluene copolymer; Butadiene-vinyl cyanide copolymer such as butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, butadiene-methacrylonitrile copolymer; Butadiene-methyl acrylate copolymer Butadiene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, butadiene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, butadiene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, butadiene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, butadiene-ethyl methacrylate copolymer, etc. Butadiene-methacrylic acid alkyl ester copoly
- the catalyst and emulsifier used for the production of the diene rubber (i) are not particularly limited, and any conventionally known one can be suitably used.
- the mass average particle diameter of the diene rubber (i) is preferably adjusted to 150 nm to 1 ⁇ m, particularly 200 to 500 nm, particularly 240 to 390 nm, from the viewpoint of the impact resistance and the appearance of the molded product.
- the distribution of the dispersed particle size of the diene rubber (i) is not particularly limited, and two or more types having different dispersed particle sizes may be used in combination.
- the mass average particle diameter of the diene rubber (i) and the acid group-containing copolymer described later is measured and calculated by the method shown in the section of the examples described later.
- a known method can be applied to adjust the particle size of the diene rubber (i). For example, a method of enlargement by agglomeration during polymerization of a diene rubber; a relatively small diene rubber (small particle diene rubber) having a mass average particle diameter of less than 150 nm, for example, 65 to 85 nm, is produced in advance, and A group-containing copolymer (acid group-containing copolymer) can be used, for example, a method of adding latex, acid, salt, or the like to enlarge, and a method of increasing by shearing stress by stirring.
- the diene rubber (i) is produced using the latex of the small particle diene rubber and the acid group-containing copolymer latex.
- the acid group-containing copolymer latex can be copolymerized in water with an acid group-containing monomer of 5 to 30% by mass, an unsaturated carboxylic acid ester monomer of 95 to 70% by mass, and if necessary, with these. It is a latex of an acid group-containing copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing 0 to 25% by mass of other monomers (total of 100% by mass of monomers).
- an unsaturated compound having a carboxy group is preferable.
- the unsaturated compound having a carboxy group include (meth) acrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid and the like, and (meth) acrylic acid is particularly preferable.
- An acid group containing monomer may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid ester monomer is preferably a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester, more preferably a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester having an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester include esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with an alcohol having a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, Examples thereof include ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and the like.
- the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester preferably has an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- An unsaturated carboxylic acid ester monomer may
- the other monomer is a monomer copolymerizable with the acid group-containing monomer and the unsaturated carboxylic acid ester monomer, and the acid group-containing monomer and the unsaturated carboxylic acid ester monomer It is a monomer excluding the body.
- Other monomers include aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and p-methylstyrene, unsaturated nitrile monomers such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, allyl methacrylate, and dimethacrylate. Examples thereof include compounds having two or more polymerizable functional groups such as acid polyethylene glycol ester, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, and triallyl trimellitic acid. Another monomer may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
- the ratio of the acid group-containing monomer is usually 5 to 30% by mass and preferably 8 to 25% by mass in the monomer mixture (100% by mass) used in the production of the acid group-containing copolymer.
- the ratio of the acid group-containing monomer is 5% by mass or more, the small particle diene rubber can be sufficiently enlarged.
- the ratio of the acid group-containing monomer is 30% by mass or less, the formation of agglomerates can be suppressed during the production of the acid group-containing copolymer latex.
- the ratio of the unsaturated carboxylic acid ester monomer is usually 70 to 95% by mass and preferably 75 to 92% by mass in the monomer mixture (100% by mass).
- the ratio of the other monomer is usually 0 to 25% by mass and preferably 0 to 20% by mass in the monomer mixture (100% by mass).
- the acid group-containing copolymer latex is preferably produced by emulsion polymerization.
- emulsifier used in the emulsion polymerization include an anionic emulsifier.
- anionic emulsifier examples include carboxylates such as alkali metal salts of fatty acids such as oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and rosin acid, alkali metal salts of alkenyl succinic acid, alkyl sulfate esters, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, Examples include sodium alkylsulfosuccinate and sodium polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether sulfate.
- An emulsifier may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
- the entire amount of the emulsifier may be charged all at once in the initial stage of polymerization, a part thereof may be charged in the initial stage of polymerization, and the rest may be added intermittently or continuously during the polymerization.
- the mass average particle diameter of the acid group-containing copolymer and the mass average particle diameter of the enlarged diene rubber (i) can be adjusted by the amount of the emulsifier and the charging method.
- Examples of the polymerization initiator used in emulsion polymerization include a thermal decomposition type initiator and a redox type initiator.
- Examples of the thermal decomposition type initiator include potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate.
- Examples of the redox type initiator include a combination of an organic peroxide such as cumene hydroperoxide, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, and an iron salt.
- a polymerization initiator may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- a chain transfer agent for adjusting the molecular weight, an alkali or acid for adjusting the pH, and an electrolyte that is a viscosity reducing agent may be used.
- the chain transfer agent mercaptans such as t-dodecyl mercaptan and n-octyl mercaptan, terpinolene, ⁇ -methylstyrene dimer and the like can be used.
- the mass average particle diameter of the acid group-containing copolymer contained in the acid group-containing copolymer latex is preferably 200 nm or less, and more preferably 150 nm or less.
- the mass average particle diameter of the acid group-containing copolymer is large, the stability of the acid group-containing copolymer latex tends to decrease, but if the mass average particle diameter of the acid group-containing copolymer is 200 nm or less, An acid group-containing copolymer can be produced while suppressing the generation of agglomerates.
- the amount of the acid group-containing copolymer latex when the small particle diene rubber latex and the acid group-containing copolymer latex are mixed and enlarged is based on 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the small particle diene rubber latex.
- the amount of the acid group-containing copolymer latex is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 7 parts by mass in terms of solid content. If the acid group-containing copolymer latex is 0.1 parts by mass or more in terms of solid content, the enlargement of the small particle diene rubber is sufficiently advanced, and an enlarged diene rubber having a desired mass average particle diameter ( i) is easily obtained, and the generation of coagulum is suppressed. When the acid group-containing copolymer latex is 10 parts by mass or less in terms of the solid content, a decrease in the pH of the latex is suppressed and the latex is stabilized.
- the temperature at the time of enlargement is preferably 10 to 90 ° C, more preferably 20 to 80 ° C.
- the temperature is 10 to 90 ° C., the enlargement of the small particle diene rubber sufficiently proceeds, and it becomes easy to obtain the enlarged diene rubber (i) having a desired mass average particle diameter.
- the crosslinked acrylic ester polymer (ii) constituting the composite rubber-like polymer (I) is mainly composed of an acrylic ester and, if necessary, is composed of a monomer copolymerizable with the acrylic ester.
- the acrylic ester include alkyl esters having 1 to 12 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-lauryl, etc .; haloalkyl esters such as acrylic chloride Aryl esters such as benzyl acrylate and phenethyl acrylate, arylalkyl esters and the like are used.
- Examples of the monomer copolymerizable with acrylic ester include methacrylic ester such as methyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, and styrene.
- the monomer copolymerizable with the acrylate ester is optionally used in the range of 50% by mass or less in the crosslinked acrylate ester polymer (ii).
- polymerization is performed by adding a graft crossing agent or a crosslinking agent to the monomer or monomer mixture mainly composed of the above acrylate ester. Is done.
- a graft crossing agent and a crosslinking agent in combination.
- graft crossing agent examples include allyl esters such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, cyanuric acid and isocyanuric acid.
- crosslinking agent examples include those containing two or more unsaturated aliphatic groups such as diacrylate or dimethacrylate of alkylene glycol or divinylbenzene in one molecule.
- the total usage of the graft crossing agent and the crosslinking agent is preferably 0.1% by mass to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.2% by mass to 3% by mass in the acrylate monomer (100% by mass). More preferably, it is 0.5 to 2% by mass.
- the composite rubber-like polymer (I) is a monomer constituting the crosslinked acrylate polymer (ii) in the presence of, for example, 5 to 90% by mass, preferably 10 to 50% by mass of a diene rubber (i). It can be obtained by emulsion polymerization of 95 to 10% by mass, preferably 90 to 50% by mass of the body or monomer mixture.
- the proportion of the diene rubber (i) is less than the above range, and the proportion of the monomer or monomer mixture constituting the crosslinked acrylate polymer (ii) Is more than the above range, the impact resistance is lowered, and conversely, the proportion of the diene rubber (i) is more than the above range and the monomer or monomer constituting the crosslinked acrylate polymer (ii).
- the proportion of the monomer mixture is less than the above range, the weather resistance is lowered.
- the mass average particle diameter of the composite rubber-like polymer (I) is preferably in the range of 180 to 500 nm, particularly 260 to 330 nm, from the viewpoint of impact resistance and appearance of the obtained molded product.
- the graft copolymer (A) comprises an aromatic vinyl monomer, a vinyl cyanide monomer, and other monomers copolymerizable therewith in the presence of the composite rubber-like polymer (I). It can be obtained by graft copolymerization of monomer mixture (II) comprising a monomer.
- the composite rubber-like polymer (I) may be used alone, or two or more of the diene rubber (i) and the crosslinked acrylate polymer (ii) having different constituent components and composition ratios are mixed. May be used.
- aromatic vinyl monomers examples include methylstyrenes such as styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene, dimethylstyrenes, ethylstyrenes, t-butylstyrenes, halogenated styrenes, and the like. They may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, styrene or ⁇ -methylstyrene is preferably used.
- vinyl cyanide monomer examples include acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ethacrylonitrile, maleonitrile, fumaronitrile, etc., and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Good. Of these, acrylonitrile is preferred.
- the aromatic vinyl monomer is used in the range of 60 to 95% by mass, preferably 70 to 85% by mass, and the vinyl cyanide monomer is 5 to 40% by mass. It is preferably used in the range of 15 to 30% by mass. If it is in this range, the compatibility of the graft copolymer (A) and the copolymer (B) will be good, and the appearance defect of the resulting molded product will hardly occur.
- the monomer mixture (II) another monomer that can be copolymerized with the above monomer in the range of 0 to 40% by mass, preferably 0 to 30% by mass is used as desired.
- monomers include unsaturated carboxylic acid compounds such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, unsaturated methacrylates such as methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and vinyl acetate.
- Ester compounds unsaturated acid anhydrides such as maleic anhydride, maleimide compounds such as N-phenylmaleimide and N-cyclohexylmaleimide, unsaturated amide compounds such as acrylamide and methacrylamide, unsaturated nitrogen bases such as vinylpyridine and vinylcarbazole Compounds and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the graft copolymer (A) is produced by adding the monomer mixture (II) to the composite rubber-like polymer (I) in the presence of a polymerization initiator and performing graft copolymerization.
- a polymerization initiator for graft copolymerization
- graft copolymerization can be performed by adding an emulsifier, using a polymerization degree adjusting agent, and adjusting the pH of the polymerization system in order to stabilize the polymerization system.
- the powdered graft copolymer (A) can be obtained from the latex by coagulation by a known method, followed by washing, dehydration and drying steps.
- the graft copolymer (A) is 35 to 65 parts by mass of the composite rubber-like polymer (I), preferably 35 to 65 parts by mass of the monomer mixture (II) in the presence of 45 to 55 parts by mass, Preferably, it is obtained by graft copolymerization of 55 to 45 parts by mass (however, the total of the composite rubber-like polymer (I) and the monomer mixture (II) is 100 parts by mass).
- the composite rubber-like polymer (I) is out of the above range, the molded appearance is inferior due to silver streak or the like.
- the copolymer (B) is an aromatic vinyl monomer of 60 to 95% by mass, preferably 70 to 85% by mass, a vinyl cyanide monomer of 5 to 40% by mass, preferably 15 to 30% by mass, and It is a copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture composed of 0 to 40% by mass, preferably 0 to 30% by mass of another monomer copolymerizable with these.
- the aromatic vinyl monomer, vinyl cyanide monomer and other monomers are within the above range, the compatibility of the graft copolymer (A) and the copolymer (B) becomes good, Appearance defects of the resulting molded product are unlikely to occur.
- Aromatic vinyl monomers, vinyl cyanide monomers and other monomers copolymerizable with these used to obtain the copolymer (B) give the graft copolymer (A). The thing similar to what is used for this can be used.
- the method for producing the copolymer (B) is not particularly limited, and methods such as emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, solution polymerization, and bulk polymerization can be used.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the copolymer (B) is preferably in the range of 50,000 to 200,000, more preferably in the range of 75,000 to 150,000. When the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer (B) is lower than this range, the resulting molded article has insufficient impact resistance, and when it exceeds this range, the molding processability is lowered.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer (B) is measured by the method described in the Examples section below.
- the content ratio of the graft copolymer (A) and the copolymer (B) is 18 to 44 parts by mass of the graft copolymer (A). 56 to 82 parts by weight, preferably 65 to 75 parts by weight of the copolymer (B) with respect to 25 to 35 parts by weight of the graft copolymer (A) (provided that the graft copolymer (A) And 100 parts by mass in total of the copolymer (B).
- a graft copolymer (A) and a copolymer (B) may each be used individually by 1 type, and 2 or more types from which a structural component etc. differ may be mixed and used.
- Alkaline earth metal oxide (M) examples include beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, and barium oxide. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide are preferred from the viewpoints of safety and economy. Magnesium oxide and calcium oxide can also be obtained from magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate and the like.
- the blending amount of the alkaline earth metal oxide (M) is 0.1 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the graft copolymer (A) and the copolymer (B). 0.3 parts by mass, preferably 0.2 to 0.3 parts by mass. If the blending amount of the alkaline earth metal oxide (M) is less than 0.01 parts by mass, the gas generated during the molding process is deposited in a greasy manner on the mold, and the appearance of the molded product is deteriorated. That is, the continuous formability is inferior. When the blending amount of the alkaline earth metal oxide (M) exceeds 0.3 parts by mass, flow marks, silver streaks, etc. are generated in the molded product and the molded product appearance is impaired.
- the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention includes polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, Thermoplastic resins such as butylene terephthalate, polyamide, various known stabilizers and plasticizers, lubricants, metal soaps, antistatic agents, dyes, inorganic or organic granular, powdery or fibrous fillers, foaming agents, etc. Can be added.
- the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention comprises the graft copolymer (A), the copolymer (B), and the alkaline earth metal oxide (M), which are essential components, and various optional materials used as necessary.
- the ingredients are mixed and kneaded and used as a molding material for resin molded products.
- the method for mixing and kneading these components is not particularly limited, and any general mixing and kneading method can be employed. For example, a method of kneading with an extruder, a Banbury mixer, a heating kneading roll or the like and then cutting with a pelletizer or the like to pelletize may be mentioned.
- the resin molded article of the present invention is molded using the above-described thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention.
- the molding method is not limited at all. Examples of the molding method include an injection molding method, an extrusion molding method, a compression molding method, an insert molding method, a vacuum molding method, and a blow molding method.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the copolymer (B) is determined by GPC (gel permeation chromatography) (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) using a solution obtained by dissolving the copolymer (B) in tetrahydrofuran as a measurement sample.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the mass average particle diameter of the diene rubber (i), the acid group-containing copolymer, and the composite rubber-like polymer (I) is obtained by counting the size of 300 to 400 rubber particles using a transmission electron microscope. It calculated
- polymerization was started by press-fitting an aqueous solution in which 0.3 part of potassium persulfate was dissolved in 5 parts of water.
- the polymerization temperature was adjusted to 65 ° C., and unreacted 1,3-butadiene was recovered when the internal pressure reached 4.5 kg / cm 2 (gauge pressure) after 12 hours.
- the internal temperature was maintained at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, the mass average particle diameter was 80 nm, the solid content was 41% by mass, the polymerization conversion was 81%, and the polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight of toluene was 121,000.
- a small particle diene rubber (a-1) latex was obtained.
- the internal temperature was raised to 80 ° C. and held for 1 hour, and the mass average particle diameter composed of the enlarged diene rubber (ia) and the crosslinked acrylate copolymer (ii) was 270 nm.
- a composite rubber-like polymer (I-1) latex was obtained.
- a graft copolymer (A-1) was obtained in the form of latex.
- the temperature was raised to 70 ° C. while stirring a double amount of 0.4% sulfuric acid aqueous solution with respect to this latex, and then the above latex was added. Then, after the addition was completed, the temperature was raised to 95 ° C. and held for 5 minutes to obtain a slurry containing a coagulated product. Thereafter, the slurry was dehydrated, washed and dried to obtain a milky white powder graft copolymer (A-1).
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is excellent in continuous moldability and improved appearance of the molded product.
- Comparative Example 2 in which no magnesium oxide is blended or Comparative Example 1 in which the blending amount of magnesium oxide is too small is inferior in continuous moldability, and in Comparative Example 3 in which the blending amount of magnesium oxide is too large, the appearance of the molded product is poor. Inferior.
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Abstract
Description
グラフト共重合体(A):小粒子ジエン系ゴム及び酸基含有共重合体を使用して得られたジエン系ゴム(i)5~90質量%と架橋アクリル酸エステル系重合体(ii)95~10質量%とで構成される、質量平均粒子径が180~500nmの複合ゴム状重合体(I)35~65質量部の存在下に、芳香族ビニル系単量体60~95質量%とシアン化ビニル系単量体5~40質量%とを含む単量体混合物(II)35~65質量部をグラフト共重合させて得られるグラフト共重合体(ただし、複合ゴム状重合体(I)と単量体混合物(II)との合計で100質量部)
共重合体(B):芳香族ビニル系単量体60~95質量%とシアン化ビニル系単量体5~40質量%とを含む単量体混合物を重合させて得られる共重合体
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、下記グラフト共重合体(A)18~44質量部と、下記共重合体(B)56~82質量部とを合計で100質量部となるように含み、該グラフト共重合体(A)と共重合体(B)との合計100質量部に対して、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物(M)を0.1~0.3質量部含有することを特徴とする。
グラフト共重合体(A):小粒子ジエン系ゴム及び酸基含有共重合体を使用して得られたジエン系ゴム(i)5~90質量%と架橋アクリル酸エステル系重合体(ii)95~10質量%とで構成される、質量平均粒子径が180~500nmの複合ゴム状重合体(I)35~65質量部の存在下に、芳香族ビニル系単量体60~95質量%とシアン化ビニル系単量体5~40質量%とを含む単量体混合物(II)35~65質量部をグラフト共重合させて得られるグラフト共重合体(ただし、複合ゴム状重合体(I)と単量体混合物(II)との合計で100質量部)
共重合体(B):芳香族ビニル系単量体60~95質量%とシアン化ビニル系単量体5~40質量%とを含む単量体混合物を重合させて得られる共重合体
本発明におけるグラフト共重合体(A)は、ジエン系ゴム(i)と架橋アクリル酸エステル系重合体(ii)とからなる複合ゴム状重合体(I)の存在下に、芳香族ビニル系単量体、シアン化ビニル系単量体及び必要に応じて用いられるこれらと共重合可能な他の単量体からなる単量体混合物(II)をグラフト共重合して得られるものである。
不飽和カルボン酸エステル系単量体は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
他の単量体の割合は、単量体混合物(100質量%)中、通常0~25質量%であり、0~20質量%が好ましい。
乳化重合で用いる乳化剤としては、アニオン系乳化剤等が挙げられる。
乳化剤は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
重合開始剤は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
共重合体(B)は、芳香族ビニル系単量体60~95質量%、好ましくは70~85質量%、シアン化ビニル系単量体5~40質量%、好ましくは15~30質量%及びこれらと共重合可能な他の単量体0~40質量%、好ましくは0~30質量%からなる単量体混合物を重合して得られる共重合体である。芳香族ビニル系単量体、シアン化ビニル系単量体及び他の単量体が上記範囲内であると、グラフト共重合体(A)と共重合体(B)の相溶性が良好となり、得られる成形品の外観不良が生じにくい。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、グラフト共重合体(A)と共重合体(B)との含有割合は、グラフト共重合体(A)18~44質量部に対し、共重合体(B)が56~82質量部、好ましくはグラフト共重合体(A)25~35質量部に対し、共重合体(B)65~75質量部の範囲である(ただし、グラフト共重合体(A)と共重合体(B)との合計で100質量部)。グラフト共重合体(A)と共重合体(B)との含有割合がこの範囲から外れると、成形時の流動性の低下、得られる成形品の耐衝撃性の低下などの問題が生じる。
なお、グラフト共重合体(A)、共重合体(B)はそれぞれ1種を単独で用いてもよく、構成成分等の異なるものの2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
アルカリ土類金属の酸化物(M)としては、酸化ベリリウム、酸化マグネシウム、酸化カルシウム、酸化ストロンチウム、酸化バリウム等が挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。これらのうち、安全性及び経済性の点から、酸化マグネシウム、酸化カルシウムが好ましい。酸化マグネシウム、酸化カルシウムは、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウムなどから得ることもできる。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物には、グラフト共重合体(A)、共重合体(B)及びアルカリ土類金属の酸化物(M)の他に、必要に応じてポリカーボネート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリアミド等の熱可塑性樹脂、公知の各種安定剤や可塑剤、滑剤、金属石鹸、帯電防止剤、染料、無機又は有機の、粒状、粉状又は繊維状の充填剤、発泡剤等を添加することができる。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、必須成分であるグラフト共重合体(A)、共重合体(B)、及びアルカリ土類金属の酸化物(M)と、必要に応じて用いられる各種任意成分とを混合・混練して、樹脂成形品の成形材料として使用される。これらの各成分を混合・混練する方法は特に制限はなく、一般的な混合・混練方法を何れも採用することができる。例えば、押出機、バンバリーミキサー、加熱混練ロール等にて混練した後ペレタイザー等で切断しペレット化する方法などが挙げられる。
本発明の樹脂成形品は、上述の本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いて成形されたものである。その成形方法は、何等限定されるものではない。成形方法としては、例えば、射出成形法、押出成形法、圧縮成形法、インサート成形法、真空成形法、ブロー成形法などが挙げられる。
共重合体(B)の重量平均分子量(Mw)は、共重合体(B)をテトラヒドロフランに溶解して得られた溶液を測定試料として、GPC(ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー)(東ソー(株)製)を用いて測定し、標準ポリスチレン換算法にて算出した。
ジエン系ゴム(i)、酸基含有共重合体及び複合ゴム状重合体(I)の質量平均粒子径は、透過型電子顕微鏡を用いて、300~400個のゴム粒子のサイズをカウントし、質量平均粒子径を算出することにより求めた。
<合成例1:グラフト共重合体(A-1)の製造>
(a)小粒子ジエン系ゴム(a-1)ラテックスの製造
10リットルのステンレススチール製のオートクレーブ(以下、SUS製オートクレーブと略記)中に、脱イオン水(以下、単に水と略記)145部、ロジン酸カリウム1.0部、オレイン酸カリウム1.0部、水酸化ナトリウム0.06部、硫酸ナトリウム0.4部、t-ドデシルメルカプタン0.3部を仕込み、窒素置換した後、1,3-ブタジエン125部を仕込み、60℃に昇温した。
次いで、過硫酸カリウム0.3部を水5部に溶解した水溶液を圧入して重合を開始した。重合中は重合温度を65℃に調節し、12時間後内圧が4.5kg/cm2(ゲージ圧)となった時点で未反応の1,3-ブタジエンを回収した。その後、内温を80℃にして1時間保持し、質量平均粒子径が80nmで、固形分が41質量%、重合転化率が81%、トルエン可溶分のポリスチレン換算重量平均分子量が121,000である小粒子ジエン系ゴム(a-1)ラテックスを得た。
5リットルのガラス製反応器中に、水200部、オレイン酸カリウム2.0部、ジオクチルスルホコハク酸ナトリウム2.5部、ナトリウムホルムアルデヒド・スルホキシレート0.3部を仕込み、60℃に昇温し、その時点から、アクリル酸n-ブチル85部、メタクリル酸15部、クメンハイドロパーオキシド0.4部からなる混合物を120分かけて連続的に滴下した。さらに2時間熟成を行い、重合転化率が98%、質量平均粒子径が80nmである酸基含有共重合体(b-1)ラテックスを得た。
小粒子ジエン系ゴム(a-1)ラテックスの固形分換算で100部に、酸基含有共重合体(b-1)ラテックスの固形分換算で2質量部を撹拌しながら添加し、さらに30分間撹拌して平均粒子径が250nmの肥大化ジエン系ゴム(i-a)ラテックスを得た。
肥大化ジエン系ゴム(i-a)ラテックスの固形分換算で20質量部を5リットルのガラス製反応器に仕込み、次いで、ロジン酸カリウム1.0部と水150部とを加えて窒素置換を行い、内温を70℃に昇温した。これに10部の水に過硫酸カリウム0.12部を溶解した水溶液を加え、引き続き予め窒素置換しておいたアクリル酸n-ブチル79.5質量部、メタクリル酸アリル0.33質量部、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート0.17質量部からなる単量体混合物を2時間かけて連続的に滴下した。滴下終了後、内温を80℃に昇温し、1時間保持して肥大化ジエン系ゴム(i-a)と架橋アクリル酸エステル系共重合体(ii)とからなる質量平均粒子径が270nmである複合ゴム状重合体(I-1)ラテックスを得た。
複合ゴム状重合体(I-1)ラテックスの固形分換算で50部をガラス製反応器に仕込み、水140部を加え70℃に昇温した。次いで、予めアクリロニトリル25%及びスチレン75%からなる単量体混合物50部に、ベンゾイルパーオキシド0.3部を溶解したものを撹拌しながら1時間窒素置換しておき、これを70℃に昇温した上記複合ゴム状重合体(I-1)に3時間かけて滴下し重合させた。
次いで滴下終了後内温を80℃に昇温し、1時間撹拌した後、グラフト共重合体(A-1)をラテックス状で得た。このラテックスに対して2倍量の0.4%硫酸水溶液を撹拌しながら70℃まで昇温した後、上記のラテックスを投入した。次いで投入終了後95℃に昇温して5分間保持して凝固物を含むスラリーを得た。その後、スラリーを脱水、洗浄、乾燥して乳白色粉末状のグラフト共重合体(A-1)を得た。
10リットルのSUS製オートクレーブに、水150部、アクリロニトリル25部、スチレン75部、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.15部、t-ドデシルメルカプタン0.3部、ポリビニルアルコール0.5部を仕込み、アジテーターで撹拌し、系内の分散状態を確認した後、75℃に昇温し2時間重合を行った。その後、内温を110℃まで昇温し、25分間保持して反応を完結させた。冷却後、脱水、洗浄、乾燥して白色粒状の共重合体(B-1)を得た。
<樹脂組成物の調製>
グラフト共重合体(A-1)40部、共重合体(B-1)60部、エチレンビスステアリン酸アマイド0.2部(日油株式会社製「アルフローH50S」)、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物(M)として酸化マグネシウム(協和化学工業製MgO「キョーワマグ150」)を表1に示す量配合し、ヘンシェルミキサーでブレンドした。
この混合物を40mmφの単軸スクリュー押出機を用い、シリンダー温度210℃にて溶融混練し、押出してペレット化した。
各実施例及び比較例の樹脂組成物のペレットを用いて、図1のように、射出された溶融樹脂が、スプルー11からランナー12,13を2方向に流動した後、サイドゲート14,15から射出され、型内で会合してウエルド面を形成する金型10に射出成形を行った。その際、金型10内の中央部で、溶融樹脂20がウエルド面を形成せずに未融合の状態になるように、ショートショットとし、金型10内にガス溜りを形成するようにして、100ショット射出成形した。射出成形後、その未融合部の露出した金型10a部分に付着した脂状の堆積物をガス付着量として計量した。ガス付着量が0.3mg未満であると連続成形に支障がないことから、ガス付着量が0.3mg未満である場合に連続成形性「○」、0.3mg以上の場合に連続成形性「×」とした。
各実施例及び比較例の樹脂組成物のペレットを用い、ISO 178試験で用いるダンベル試験片を、成形機(JSW社製 J85AD-110H)のシリンダー温度を310℃又は320℃として成形し、得られた試験片にシルバーストリークが発生するか否かを目視で判定した。
○:シルバーストリーク発生なし
×:シルバーストリーク発生あり
これに対し、酸化マグネシウムを配合していない比較例2や、酸化マグネシウムの配合量が少なすぎる比較例1では連続成形性に劣り、酸化マグネシウムの配合量が多過ぎる比較例3では成形品外観が劣る。
本出願は、2014年3月19日付で出願された日本特許出願2014-056706に基づいており、その全体が引用により援用される。
11 スプルー
12,13 ランナー
14,15 サイドゲート
20 溶融樹脂
Claims (4)
- 下記グラフト共重合体(A)18~44質量部と、下記共重合体(B)56~82質量部とを合計で100質量部となるように含み、該グラフト共重合体(A)と共重合体(B)との合計100質量部に対して、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物(M)を0.1~0.3質量部含有することを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
グラフト共重合体(A):小粒子ジエン系ゴム及び酸基含有共重合体を使用して得られたジエン系ゴム(i)5~90質量%と架橋アクリル酸エステル系重合体(ii)95~10質量%とで構成される、質量平均粒子径が180~500nmの複合ゴム状重合体(I)35~65質量部の存在下に、芳香族ビニル系単量体60~95質量%とシアン化ビニル系単量体5~40質量%とを含む単量体混合物(II)35~65質量部をグラフト共重合させて得られるグラフト共重合体(ただし、複合ゴム状重合体(I)と単量体混合物(II)との合計で100質量部)
共重合体(B):芳香族ビニル系単量体60~95質量%とシアン化ビニル系単量体5~40質量%とを含む単量体混合物を重合させて得られる共重合体 - 請求項1において、前記複合ゴム状重合体(I)は、前記ジエン系ゴム(i)の存在下に、架橋アクリル酸エステル系重合体(ii)を構成するアクリル酸エステルを含む単量体を重合させてなることを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1又は2において、前記のジエン系ゴム(i)のトルエン可溶分のポリスチレン換算質量平均分子量が100,000以上であることを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形してなる樹脂成形品。
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EP3121226A1 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
ES2755190T3 (es) | 2020-04-21 |
KR20160066556A (ko) | 2016-06-10 |
CN105829440A (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
JP5742994B1 (ja) | 2015-07-01 |
KR101695621B1 (ko) | 2017-01-13 |
EP3121226A4 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
PL3121226T3 (pl) | 2020-04-30 |
AU2015232499B2 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
MX2016011952A (es) | 2016-12-05 |
US10233320B2 (en) | 2019-03-19 |
JP2015178567A (ja) | 2015-10-08 |
EP3121226B1 (en) | 2019-09-11 |
HUE046325T2 (hu) | 2020-02-28 |
CA2941557A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
AU2015232499A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
BR112016020681B1 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
MY182050A (en) | 2021-01-18 |
US20170015823A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
CA2941557C (en) | 2020-01-21 |
CN105829440B (zh) | 2017-11-17 |
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