WO2015083220A1 - 組立機 - Google Patents
組立機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015083220A1 WO2015083220A1 PCT/JP2013/082376 JP2013082376W WO2015083220A1 WO 2015083220 A1 WO2015083220 A1 WO 2015083220A1 JP 2013082376 W JP2013082376 W JP 2013082376W WO 2015083220 A1 WO2015083220 A1 WO 2015083220A1
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- component
- data
- image data
- resolution
- imaging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/08—Monitoring manufacture of assemblages
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T3/00—Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image
- G06T3/40—Scaling the whole image or part thereof
- G06T3/4053—Super resolution, i.e. output image resolution higher than sensor resolution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/04—Mounting of components, e.g. of leadless components
- H05K13/0404—Pick-and-place heads or apparatus, e.g. with jaws
- H05K13/0408—Incorporating a pick-up tool
- H05K13/041—Incorporating a pick-up tool having multiple pick-up tools
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/08—Monitoring manufacture of assemblages
- H05K13/081—Integration of optical monitoring devices in assembly lines; Processes using optical monitoring devices specially adapted for controlling devices or machines in assembly lines
- H05K13/0812—Integration of optical monitoring devices in assembly lines; Processes using optical monitoring devices specially adapted for controlling devices or machines in assembly lines the monitoring devices being integrated in the mounting machine, e.g. for monitoring components, leads, component placement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/08—Monitoring manufacture of assemblages
- H05K13/081—Integration of optical monitoring devices in assembly lines; Processes using optical monitoring devices specially adapted for controlling devices or machines in assembly lines
- H05K13/0813—Controlling of single components prior to mounting, e.g. orientation, component geometry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/5313—Means to assemble electrical device
- Y10T29/53174—Means to fasten electrical component to wiring board, base, or substrate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an assembling machine that transfers a part acquired at a supply position to an assembly position and assembles the part to an assembly target.
- the assembly machine is used as a manufacturing equipment for assembling a component mounting machine that mounts a plurality of electronic components on a circuit board to produce an electronic circuit product, or a power module.
- a component mounting machine for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which an electronic component at a supply position is sucked by a suction nozzle and the electronic component is mounted at an assembly position (a predetermined coordinate position on a circuit board). ing.
- the holding state of the electronic component is recognized based on image data acquired by imaging the electronic component held by the suction nozzle. Then, the component mounter improves the accuracy of the mounting control by reflecting the recognized holding state in the mounting control.
- an imaging device for imaging a component in an assembly machine such as a component mounter is a lens unit in which the focal distance is set constant in consideration of the fact that the distance to the object to be imaged is substantially constant and the equipment cost. Is often adopted.
- imaging is performed with a resolution corresponding to a predetermined camera field of view and the number of pixels of an imaging element mounted on the imaging apparatus.
- the lens unit when the camera field of view is set so that large parts with large external dimensions can be accommodated, the area of the small parts occupied in the image data is small when capturing small parts with small external dimensions, and sufficient resolution is ensured. It may not be possible.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a component mounter that generates high resolution data by super-resolution processing and performs mounting control based on the high resolution data.
- a multi-frame type that generates high-resolution data using a plurality of image data is known for super-resolution processing.
- processing for aligning a plurality of image data and processing for reconstructing high-resolution data are mainly performed.
- the alignment process is performed based on, for example, a moving amount when an object such as a component is relatively moved with respect to the imaging apparatus.
- the generated high-resolution data includes an error. If the holding state of a component is recognized based on such high resolution data, the position and angle of the component may be misidentified.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can acquire high-resolution image data used for recognizing the holding state of the part by the holding member corresponding to various parts.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an assembly machine capable of improving accuracy.
- An assembling machine supports a holding member that acquires and holds a component supplied to a supply position and one or a plurality of the holding members so as to be movable up and down, and an assembly target is positioned from the supply position.
- a movable head movably provided to the assembly position, an imaging device for imaging the component held by the holding member, and the movement that fits in the field of view of the imaging device when the imaging device images the component
- High-resolution data is generated by super-resolution processing using a plurality of image data captured at imaging positions at which the reference mark attached to the specified position of the head and the relative position of the imaging device with respect to the component are different from each other;
- An image processing unit that recognizes the holding state of the component by the holding member based on the high-resolution data, and the storage of the component that is recognized as a pre-stored control program.
- a control device that controls the movement of the holding member based on the state and transfers the component to the assembly position, and the reference mark is captured by the imaging device when the imaging device is imaged.
- the image processing unit uses the image data of one of the plurality of image data as reference data, and the image data of the other image data with respect to the imaging position of the reference data
- a displacement amount calculation unit that calculates a displacement amount of the imaging position based on the reference mark included in each of the image data, and another of the reference data based on each of the displacement amounts of the plurality of image data
- An alignment processing unit that performs alignment of image data, and a reconstruction processing unit that generates the high-resolution data based on the plurality of aligned image data It has a.
- the reference is based on each displacement amount of the plurality of image data calculated by the displacement amount calculation unit.
- the alignment processing of other image data with respect to the data is performed.
- the displacement amount calculation unit is configured based on the reference mark included in each image data when calculating the displacement amount. Therefore, even if there is an error between the command position and the actual position when the object (part) is relatively moved with respect to the imaging device, this error can be prevented from affecting the alignment process. That is, the alignment processing unit performs the alignment processing of the image data regardless of the command position for the moving head when moving the component. Thereby, the alignment processing unit can accurately align each image data.
- the image processing unit generates high-resolution data sufficient for recognizing the holding state of a small component without using a high-resolution image sensor even if the camera field of view is set so that a large component fits in the lens unit of the imaging device. can do. Therefore, the control device of the assembly machine can acquire image data used for recognition of the holding state corresponding to various parts by using the high-resolution data generated in this way, and improves the accuracy of the assembly control. it can.
- FIG. 1 is an overall view showing a component mounter in a first embodiment. It is the front view which expanded a part of component mounting head. It is an A direction arrow directional view of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the control apparatus of a component mounting machine. It is a flowchart which shows the mounting process by a component mounting machine. It is a flowchart which shows the recognition process of a holding state. It is a figure which shows the displacement amount of the imaging position of several image data. It is a block diagram which shows the control apparatus of the component mounting machine in 2nd embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the recognition process of a holding state.
- the assembly machine is a component mounting machine for circuit board products produced by mounting electronic components on a circuit board (an assembly target).
- the component mounter is a device that mounts a plurality of electronic components on a circuit board, for example, in an integrated circuit manufacturing process. For example, cream solder is applied to the mounting position (assembly position) of the electronic component by a screen printing machine, and the circuit board is sequentially transported through a plurality of component mounting machines to mount the electronic component. Thereafter, the circuit board on which the electronic component is mounted is transported to a reflow furnace and soldered to constitute an integrated circuit as a circuit board product.
- the component mounter 1 includes a substrate transfer device 10, a component supply device 20, a component transfer device 30, a component camera 61, a substrate camera 62, and a control device 70.
- the devices 10, 20, 30 and the component camera 61 are provided on the base 2 of the component mounter 1.
- the horizontal direction of the component mounter 1 (direction from the upper left to the lower right in FIG. 1) is the X-axis direction
- the horizontal longitudinal direction of the component mounter 1 from the upper right to the lower left in FIG. 1).
- the direction of heading is the Y-axis direction
- the vertical height direction vertical direction in FIG. 1) is the Z-axis direction.
- the substrate transport apparatus 10 transports the circuit board B in the X-axis direction and positions the circuit board B at a predetermined position.
- substrate conveyance apparatus 10 is a double conveyor type comprised by the some conveyance mechanism 11 arranged in parallel by the Y-axis direction.
- the transport mechanism 11 includes a pair of guide rails 12 and 13 that guide a circuit board B that is mounted on a conveyor belt (not shown) and transported.
- the transport mechanism 11 carries the circuit board B to a predetermined position in the X-axis direction and clamps the circuit board B with a clamp device.
- the transport mechanism 11 unclamps the circuit board B and carries the circuit board B out of the component mounting machine 1.
- the component supply device 20 is a device that supplies the electronic component T mounted on the circuit board B.
- the component supply device 20 is disposed on the front side in the Y-axis direction of the component mounter 1 (lower left side in FIG. 1).
- the component supply apparatus 20 is a feeder system that uses a plurality of cassette-type feeders 21.
- the feeder 21 includes a feeder main body portion 21a that is detachably attached to the base 2, and a reel housing portion 21b that is provided on the rear end side of the feeder main body portion 21a.
- the feeder 21 holds a supply reel 22 around which a component packaging tape is wound by a reel accommodating portion 21b.
- the component packaging tape includes a carrier tape in which the electronic components T are stored at a predetermined pitch, and a top tape that is adhered to the upper surface of the carrier tape and covers the electronic components T.
- the feeder 21 pitch feeds the component packaging tape drawn from the supply reel 22 by a pitch feed mechanism (not shown).
- the feeder 21 peels the top tape from the carrier tape to expose the electronic component T.
- the feeder 21 supplies the electronic component T so that the suction nozzle 42 of the component transfer device 30 can suck the electronic component T at the supply position Ps located on the front end side of the feeder main body 21a. Yes.
- the component transfer device 30 holds the electronic component T supplied to the supply position Ps and transfers the electronic component T to the mounting position Pf on the circuit board B (corresponding to the “assembly position” of the present invention).
- the component transfer device 30 is an orthogonal coordinate type disposed above the substrate transfer device 10 and the component supply device 20.
- a Y-axis slide 32 is provided on a pair of Y-axis rails 31 extending in the Y-axis direction so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction.
- the Y-axis slide 32 is controlled by the operation of the Y-axis motor 33 via a ball screw mechanism.
- the Y-axis slide 32 is provided with a moving table 34 that can move in the X-axis direction.
- the moving table 34 is controlled by the operation of the X-axis motor 35 via a ball screw mechanism (not shown).
- the Y-axis slide 32 and the movable table 34 may be provided in a linear motion mechanism using, for example, a linear motor and controlled by the operation of the linear motor.
- a mounting head 40 (corresponding to the “moving head” of the present invention) is attached to the moving table 34 of the component transfer device 30.
- the mounting head 40 corresponds to a plurality of suction nozzles 42 (the “holding member” of the present invention) by a nozzle holder 41 (corresponding to the “holder member” of the present invention) that can rotate around the R axis parallel to the Z axis. ) Is supported to be movable up and down.
- the mounting head 40 is fixed to the moving table 34 via a frame 43.
- the frame 43 supports an R-axis motor 44 and a Z-axis motor 45 at the top.
- the nozzle holder 41 of the mounting head 40 is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole, and is connected to the output shaft of the R-axis motor 44 via the index shaft 46 as shown in FIG.
- the nozzle holder 41 is configured to be rotationally controlled by the R-axis motor 44 and the index shaft 46.
- the nozzle holder 41 can slide a plurality of (12 in this embodiment) nozzle spindles 47 in the Z-axis direction at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the circumference concentric with the R-axis. I support it.
- suction nozzles 42 are attached to the lower ends of the nozzle spindles 47 in a replaceable manner.
- the nozzle holder 41 supports each suction nozzle 42 via each nozzle spindle 47.
- a nozzle gear 47 a is formed at the upper end of the nozzle spindle 47.
- the nozzle gear 47a meshes with the ⁇ -axis gear 51 supported on the outer peripheral side of the index shaft 46 so as to be relatively rotatable so as to be slidable in the Z-axis direction.
- the ⁇ -axis gear 51 has a tooth width of a predetermined length in the Z-axis direction, is connected to a ⁇ -axis motor (not shown) via a speed change mechanism 52, and is rotationally driven by the ⁇ -axis motor.
- each suction nozzle 42 rotates with respect to the nozzle holder 41 by the rotation of the ⁇ -axis motor, and is configured to be able to be controlled for rotation by the ⁇ -axis motor or the like.
- a compression spring 48 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the nozzle spindle 47 and between the upper surface of the nozzle holder 41 and the lower surface of the nozzle gear 47a.
- the nozzle spindle 47 is biased upward with respect to the nozzle holder 41 by the compression spring 48, and the upward movement is restricted by the large diameter portion 47 b formed at the lower end contacting the lower surface of the nozzle holder 41. ing. That is, the state in which the large-diameter portion 47b of the nozzle spindle 47 is in contact with the nozzle holder 41 is the state in which the suction nozzle 42 attached to the nozzle spindle 47 is raised most.
- the nozzle lever 53 is in contact with the upper end surface of the nozzle spindle 47 that is indexed to the lift position H1 among the plurality of nozzle spindles 47.
- the nozzle lever 53 is connected to the output shaft of the Z-axis motor 45 via a ball screw mechanism (not shown), and is controlled to move in the Z-axis direction by the rotational drive of the Z-axis motor 45.
- the elevating mechanism is constituted by the Z-axis motor 45, the compression spring 48, etc., and the suction nozzle 42 is moved up and down as the nozzle spindle 47 moves in the Z-axis direction.
- a negative pressure is supplied to each suction nozzle 42 from a suction nozzle driving device (not shown) via a nozzle spindle 47.
- each suction nozzle 42 can suck the electronic component T at its tip.
- a reference mark 54 is attached to the lower surface of the nozzle holder 41 as shown in FIG.
- the reference mark 54 is attached to a specified position of the mounting head 40 that falls within the camera field of view Fv of the component camera 61 when the component camera 61 described later images the electronic component T held by the suction nozzle 42.
- the reference mark 54 is disposed on the lower surface of the nozzle holder 41 so that the center of the reference mark 54 coincides with the center of the R axis. Accordingly, the reference mark 54 is configured to indicate a position that serves as a reference for the mounting head 40.
- the reference mark 54 is configured by arranging four circular portions having a diameter D at equal intervals around the R axis.
- the reference mark 54 is set to a size that occupies a specified range in the camera field of view Fv of the component camera 61 when captured by the component camera 61.
- the diameter D of the circular portion is set so that the four circular portions constituting the reference mark 54 are each shown with a specified number of pixels in the image data acquired by imaging.
- the color of the reference mark 54 is set so that the boundary with the nozzle holder 41 is clear.
- the component camera 61 and the board camera 62 are digital imaging devices having imaging elements such as a charge coupled device (CCD) and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS).
- CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
- the component camera 61 and the board camera 62 capture an image within a range that falls within the camera field of view Fv based on a control signal from the control device 70 that is communicably connected, and send image data acquired by the image capture to the control device 70.
- the component camera 61 is fixed to the base 2 so that the optical axis is in the Z-axis direction, and is configured to be able to image the electronic component T held by the suction nozzle 42.
- the lens unit of the component camera 61 is set so as to focus on an object at a certain distance from the image sensor.
- the camera field of view Fv of the lens unit of the component camera 61 is set to a size that can accommodate all the suction nozzles 42 supported by the mounting head 40, as shown in FIG. That is, when the image is captured by the component camera 61 set in the camera field of view Fv, all the electronic components T held by the twelve suction nozzles 42 can be stored in one image data.
- control device 70 that has acquired the image data from the component camera 61 recognizes the holding state of the electronic component T by the suction nozzle 42 by image processing. Then, the control device 70 corrects the position and angle of the suction nozzle 42 according to the holding state of the electronic component T, so that it is possible to improve mounting control accuracy. Details of the recognition process of the holding state of the electronic component T will be described later.
- the substrate camera 62 is fixed to the moving base 34 so that the optical axis is in the Z-axis direction, and is configured to be able to image the circuit board B.
- the control device 70 that has acquired the image data from the substrate camera 62 recognizes the positioning state of the circuit board B by the substrate transfer device 10 by recognizing, for example, a substrate mark attached to the substrate by image processing. Then, the control device 70 corrects the position of the moving table 34 according to the positioning state of the circuit board B, and performs control so that the electronic component T is mounted. As described above, by using the image data obtained by the imaging by the board camera 62, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the mounting control.
- the control device 70 is mainly configured by a CPU, various memories, and a control circuit, and controls the mounting of the electronic component T on the circuit board B based on image data acquired by imaging by the component camera 61 and the board camera 62.
- an input / output interface 75 is connected to a mounting control unit 71, an image processing unit 72, and a storage unit 73 via a bus.
- a motor control circuit 76 and an imaging control circuit 77 are connected to the input / output interface 75.
- the mounting control unit 71 controls the position of the mounting head 40 and the operation of the suction mechanism via the motor control circuit 76. More specifically, the mounting control unit 71 inputs information output from various sensors provided in the component mounting machine 1 and results of various recognition processes. The mounting control unit 71 then sends a control signal to the motor control circuit 76 based on the control program stored in the storage unit 73, information from various sensors, and the results of image processing and recognition processing. Thereby, the position and rotation angle of the suction nozzle 42 supported by the mounting head 40 are controlled.
- the image processing unit 72 acquires image data obtained by imaging the component camera 61 and the board camera 62 via the imaging control circuit 77, and executes image processing according to the application.
- This image processing includes, for example, binarization of image data, filtering, hue extraction, super-resolution processing, and the like. Details of the image processing unit 72 will be described later.
- the storage unit 73 is configured by an optical drive device such as a hard disk device or a flash memory.
- a control program for operating the component mounting machine 1 image data transferred from the component camera 61 and the board camera 62 to the control device 70 via a bus or a communication cable, and processing by the image processing unit 72 Temporary data and the like are stored.
- the input / output interface 75 is interposed between the CPU and the storage unit 73 and the control circuits 76 and 77, and adjusts data format conversion and signal strength.
- the motor control circuit 76 controls the Y-axis motor 33, the X-axis motor 35, the R-axis motor 44, the Z-axis motor 45, and the ⁇ -axis motor based on the control signal from the mounting control unit 71. Thereby, the mounting head 40 is positioned in each axial direction. Further, by this control, the predetermined suction nozzle 42 is indexed to the lift position H1 and controlled to have a predetermined angle.
- the imaging control circuit 77 controls imaging by the component camera 61 and the board camera 62 based on an imaging control signal by the CPU of the control device 70 or the like. Further, the imaging control circuit 77 acquires image data obtained by imaging of the component camera 61 and the board camera 62 and stores the acquired image data in the storage unit 73 via the input / output interface 75.
- the various image processing performed by the image processing unit 72 includes processing for recognizing the holding state of the electronic component used when the mounting control unit 71 corrects the position and angle of the suction nozzle 42.
- image data obtained by imaging by the component camera 61 is used.
- the lens unit of the component camera 61 sets the camera field of view in consideration of the range in which the focal length is set constant and the plurality of suction nozzles 42 supported by the mounting head 40 are arranged. Has been.
- the image processing unit 72 performs super-resolution processing to improve the accuracy of the component holding state recognition processing.
- a plurality of types of processing methods are known as super-resolution processing, but the image processing unit 72 employs multi-frame type super-resolution processing.
- the image processing unit 72 performs super-resolution processing using a plurality of image data captured at imaging positions where the relative position of the component camera 61 with respect to the electronic component T is different from each other.
- the image processing unit 72 generates high resolution data by multi-frame super-resolution processing, and recognizes the holding state of the electronic component T by the suction nozzle 42 based on the high resolution data.
- the image processing unit 72 includes a displacement amount calculation unit 721, a data determination unit 722, an alignment processing unit 723, a reconstruction processing unit 724, and a holding state recognition unit 725.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 721 calculates the displacement amount of the imaging position of other image data with respect to the imaging position of the reference data, using one image data among the plurality of image data as the reference data.
- the above-mentioned “reference data” is arbitrarily selected from a plurality of image data acquired by imaging by the component camera 61 when performing the multi-frame type super-resolution processing.
- the reference data for example, image data acquired by the first imaging among a plurality of imaging operations may be used as the reference data.
- auxiliary data other image data obtained by removing the reference data from the plurality of image data.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 721 calculates the displacement amount of the auxiliary data based on the reference mark 54 included in each image data (reference data and auxiliary data).
- the reference mark 54 is located at a specified position of the mounting head 40 that falls within the camera field of view Fv of the component camera 61. It is attached. Therefore, when the component camera 61 images the electronic component T held by the suction nozzle 42, each image data obtained by the imaging includes a reference mark 54.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 721 first recognizes the position of the reference mark 54 in the reference data. This can be recognized by calculating the distance from the optical axis of the component camera 61 using the center of the reference data as the optical axis. Similarly, the displacement amount calculation unit 721 recognizes the position of the reference mark 54 in the auxiliary data. Then, the displacement amount calculation unit 721 calculates the displacement amount from the difference between the positions of the reference marks 54 in the recognized reference data and auxiliary data.
- the data determination unit 722 determines the suitability of each image data in the super-resolution processing using a plurality of image data, that is, the multi-frame type super-resolution processing. In addition, the data determination unit 722 determines the suitability based on each displacement amount of the plurality of image data and the pixel interval in the image sensor of the component camera 61.
- the moving direction is the X-axis direction
- the number of frames N is 2
- the moving direction includes the Y-axis direction
- the amount of displacement in the moving direction is calculated and determined in the same manner as described above. In practice, the suitability is determined based on whether or not the amount of displacement of the image data falls within a predetermined tolerance range in consideration of the tolerance.
- the alignment processing unit 723 aligns other image data (auxiliary data) with respect to the reference data based on the displacement amounts of the plurality of image data. In this alignment process, processing is performed so that the reference mark 54 in the auxiliary data matches the reference mark 54 in the reference data. As a result, when the movement of the auxiliary data imaging position includes the movement in the XY axis direction or the rotation direction with respect to the reference data imaging position, the auxiliary data is aligned with the reference data so as to move in the opposite direction.
- the control command value for moving to the auxiliary data imaging position is not used.
- the auxiliary data may be moved by the calculated displacement amount, or the reference marks 54 may be simply matched. In any case, the calculated displacement amounts are associated with each other after the plurality of image data are aligned.
- the reconstruction processing unit 724 generates high resolution data based on a plurality of aligned image data. Specifically, the reconstruction processing unit 724 increases the resolution based on a plurality of image data and the displacement amount associated with each of the image data by a MAP (Maximum A Posterior) method, an IBP (Iterative Back Projection) method, or the like. The reconstructed image data is reconstructed.
- MAP Maximum A Posterior
- IBP Intelligent Back Projection
- the holding state recognition unit 725 recognizes the holding state including the position and angle of the electronic component T held by the suction nozzle 42 that is a holding member based on the high resolution data generated by the reconstruction processing unit 724.
- the holding state of the electronic component T is recognized with higher accuracy as the resolution is higher than the holding state recognized using the low-resolution data acquired by the imaging of the component camera 61.
- the recognition accuracy is lowered. This is because, for example, if the number of pixels used to indicate one side of the electronic component T is less than the predetermined number of pixels, it is difficult to determine the length and angle of the one side. Therefore, high-resolution data in which one side of the electronic component T is indicated with a predetermined number of pixels is generated by super-resolution processing and used for recognition of the holding state.
- the image processing unit 72 recognizes the holding state including the position of the electronic component T in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to the suction nozzle 42 and the rotation angle of the electronic component T with respect to the central axis of the suction nozzle 42.
- the image processing unit 72 repeats the same process as many as the number of the plurality of electronic components T held by the plurality of suction nozzles 42 supported by the mounting head 40. Then, the image processing unit 72 stores the holding state of each electronic component T in the storage unit 73.
- step 11 (hereinafter, “step” is expressed as “S”)) in which the electronic components T are sequentially sucked by the plurality of suction nozzles 42.
- the mounting head 40 is moved to above the mounting position on the circuit board B (S12). At this time, the mounting head 40 passes above the component camera 61, and at that time, the imaging process of the electronic component T by the component camera 61 is executed. Thereafter, a mounting process (S13) for sequentially mounting the electronic components T on the circuit board B is executed. Then, it is determined whether or not all the electronic components T have been mounted (S14), and the above processing (S11 to S14) is repeated until the mounting is completed.
- the recognition process of the holding state of the electronic component T is executed based on the image data captured by the component camera 61.
- the mounting control unit 71 corrects the position and angle of the suction nozzle 42 based on the holding state of the electronic component T by each suction nozzle 42 and controls the mounting of the electronic component T.
- the process for recognizing the holding state of the electronic component T will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the holding state recognition processing uses high-resolution data generated by super-resolution processing.
- This super-resolution processing adopts a multi-frame type using a plurality of image data.
- it is assumed that super-resolution processing is performed using four image data captured at four imaging positions where the relative positions of the component camera 61 with respect to the electronic component T are different from each other.
- the control device 70 moves the mounting head 40 to the first imaging position as shown in FIG. 6 (S21).
- the first imaging position is, for example, a position where the optical axis of the component camera 61 coincides with the center of the reference mark 54 attached to the mounting head 40.
- the control apparatus 70 performs the imaging process of the some electronic component T (S22).
- control device 70 inputs from the motor control circuit 76 that the suction nozzle 42 supported by the mounting head 40 is located above the component camera 61, and sends it to the component camera 61 via the imaging control circuit 77.
- a control command is sent out to perform imaging.
- all the electronic components T held by the plurality of suction nozzles 42 are imaged, and image data obtained by the imaging is stored in the storage unit 73.
- the control device 70 determines whether the imaging at the four imaging positions has been completed (S23), and if not completed (S23: No), repeats S21 to S23.
- the control device 70 moves the mounting head 40 in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction by a distance corresponding to half of the pixel interval in the image sensor (S21).
- the control apparatus 70 performs the imaging process of the electronic component T which moved only the half pixel (S22).
- the storage unit 73 stores image data shifted by half a pixel in the X-axis direction, and in the Y-axis direction. Image data shifted by half a pixel and image data shifted by half a pixel in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are stored.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 721 calculates the displacement amount of other auxiliary data using the image data acquired by the first imaging as reference data (S24).
- FIG. 7 shows the displacement amount of the imaging position of a plurality of image data.
- Fs indicates a part of the reference data
- F1 to F3 indicate a part of the other auxiliary data.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 721 first recognizes the reference mark 54 included in the reference data Fs and the auxiliary data F1 to F3.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 721 calculates the displacement amount ( ⁇ 1x, ⁇ 1y) of the first auxiliary data F1 with respect to the imaging position of the reference data Fs, with the displacement amount of the reference data Fs set to 0. Similarly, the displacement amount calculation unit 721 calculates the displacement amount ( ⁇ 2x, ⁇ 2y) of the second auxiliary data F2 and the displacement amount ( ⁇ 3x, ⁇ 3y) of the third auxiliary data F3.
- the data determination unit 722 determines whether or not a plurality of image data is suitable for the multi-frame type super-resolution processing (S25). Specifically, the data determination unit 722 first acquires the displacement amounts ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3 of the auxiliary data F1 to F3. Next, the data determination unit 722 determines whether each of the displacement amounts ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3 is appropriate based on the corresponding moving direction and allowable range.
- the control device 70 performs imaging again. That is, the control device 70 moves the mounting head 40 to the imaging position corresponding to the auxiliary data determined to be inappropriate (S21), and performs the imaging process of the electronic component T (S22). Further, S21 to S23 are repeated for the auxiliary data determined to be inappropriate.
- the alignment processing unit 723 performs the alignment processing of the auxiliary data with respect to the reference data. Execute (S26). In this alignment processing, processing is performed to match the reference mark 54 in the auxiliary data with the reference mark 54 in the reference data based on the displacement amounts ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3 of the auxiliary data. As a result, the auxiliary data is aligned with the reference data, and the calculated displacement amounts ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3 are associated with each other and stored in the storage unit 73.
- the reconstruction processing unit 724 executes a reconstruction process for generating high resolution data based on the plurality of aligned image data (S27).
- the alignment process (S26) and the reconstruction process (S27) correspond to a multi-frame super-resolution process.
- the image processing unit 72 acquires high-resolution data in which one side of the plurality of electronic components T is indicated with a predetermined number of pixels.
- the holding state recognition unit 725 executes holding state recognition processing including the position and angle of the electronic component T held by the suction nozzle 42 based on the high resolution data generated by the super-resolution processing (S28). ).
- This holding state recognition process is performed, for example, by matching the electronic component T in the high-resolution data with the outer shape of the electronic component T included in the component information.
- the image processing unit 72 sets the shift amount of the electronic component T in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to each suction nozzle 42 and the rotation angle of the electronic component T with respect to the central axis of the suction nozzle 42.
- the data is stored in the storage unit 73, and the holding state recognition process is terminated.
- An assembly machine (component mounting machine 1) acquires a holding member (suction nozzle 42) that acquires and holds a component (electronic component T) supplied to a supply position Ps, and one or more holding members ( A moving head (mounting head 40) that supports the suction nozzle 42) so as to be movable up and down and is movable from the supply position Ps to the assembly position (mounting position Pf) where the assembly target (circuit board B) is positioned;
- An imaging device (component camera 61) that captures an image of a component held by the holding member, and a reference that is attached to a specified position of the moving head that falls within the field of view of the imaging device (camera field of view Fv) when the imaging device images the component High resolution data is generated by super-resolution processing using a plurality of image data captured at imaging positions where the relative position of the imaging device with respect to the mark 54 and the component is different from each other, and based
- the movement of the holding member is controlled based on the image processing unit 72 for recognizing the holding state of the component by the holding member and the control program stored in advance and the holding state of the recognized component, and the component is placed at the assembly position.
- the reference mark 54 is set to a size that occupies a specified range in the field of view of the imaging device when the imaging is performed by the imaging device.
- the image processing unit 72 uses one image data of the plurality of image data as reference data, and includes displacement amounts ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3 of the imaging positions of the other image data with respect to the imaging position of the reference data.
- a displacement amount calculation unit 721 for calculating each of the image data based on the mark 54; an alignment processing unit 723 for aligning other image data with respect to the reference data based on the displacement amounts ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3 of the plurality of image data; A reconstruction processing unit 724 that generates high-resolution data based on the plurality of combined image data.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 721 calculates the displacement amounts ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3 of the auxiliary data based on the reference data 54 included in the reference data and the auxiliary data. Therefore, even if there is an error between the command position and the actual position when the electronic component T is moved relative to the component camera 61, this error can be prevented from affecting the alignment process (S26). . That is, the alignment processing unit 723 performs image data alignment processing without using a command position for the mounting head 40 when moving the electronic component T. As a result, the alignment processing unit 723 can accurately align each image data.
- the image processing unit 72 recognizes the holding state of the small electronic component T without using a high-resolution image sensor even if the camera field of view Fv is set so that a large component can be accommodated in the lens unit of the component camera 61. It is possible to generate high-resolution data sufficient for. Therefore, the control device 70 of the component mounter 1 can acquire image data used for recognition of the holding state corresponding to various electronic components T by using the high-resolution data generated in this way. The accuracy of control (mounting control) can be improved.
- the image processing unit 72 uses each displacement amount ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3 of the plurality of image data and each pixel image in the super-resolution processing based on the pixel spacing in the image sensor of the imaging device (component camera 61).
- a data determination unit 722 that determines the suitability of data is further included.
- the moving head (mounting head 40) supports a plurality of holding members (suction nozzles 42) by a rotatable holder member (nozzle holder 41), and the field of view (camera field of view) of the imaging device (component camera 61).
- Fv is set to a size that can accommodate all the holding members supported by the moving head.
- the image processing unit 72 can recognize the holding state corresponding to the fine electronic component T. Become. Therefore, the component mounter 1 can cope with various electronic components T. Therefore, it is particularly useful to apply the present invention to the component mounter 1.
- the holding member is the suction nozzle 42 that sucks and holds the component (electronic component T), and the assembly machine controls the circuit board that is the assembly target (circuit board B) under the control of the control device 70.
- the control device 170 of the present embodiment differs from the method employed by the control device 70 of the first embodiment in the method for acquiring a plurality of image data used for super-resolution processing. Specifically, the control device 170 moves the mounting head 40 relative to the component camera 61 and moves the mounting head 40 relative to the component camera 61 in an imaging process for acquiring a plurality of image data used for the super-resolution processing. Control is performed so that the electronic component T is imaged a plurality of times. The quantity of image data acquired by this imaging control is larger than the quantity of image data used for super-resolution processing.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 721 calculates the displacement amount of the imaging position of the other image data (auxiliary data) with respect to the imaging position of the reference data, using one image data among the plurality of acquired image data as the reference data. Then, the data determination unit 722 determines the suitability of the image data in the super-resolution processing based on the displacement amounts respectively calculated by the displacement amount calculation unit 721 for the plurality of image data acquired by the imaging control as described above. To do.
- the image processing unit 172 of the control device 170 has a data extraction unit 726 in addition to the image processing unit 72 of the first embodiment.
- the data extraction unit 726 extracts a predetermined number of image data used for the super-resolution processing from the plurality of image data acquired by the imaging control based on the determination result by the data determination unit 722.
- the data extraction unit 726 first calculates the target resolution in the high-resolution data according to the dimension information of the electronic component T held by the suction nozzle 42 and the number of pixels of the image sensor of the component camera 61.
- the data extraction unit 726 sets the quantity of image data to be extracted based on the target resolution.
- the distance from the component camera 61 to the mounting head 40 is maintained at a substantially constant distance.
- the lens unit of the component camera 61 has a fixed focus, and a substantially constant camera field of view Fv is maintained. For this reason, when the electronic component T, which is the object, is imaged by the component camera 61 having an imaging element having a prescribed number of pixels, the number of pixels occupied by the electronic component T in the image data is determined.
- the target resolution may be set so that the number of pixels used to indicate the one side exceeds the predetermined number of pixels.
- the data extraction unit 726 calculates a target resolution in accordance with the dimension information of the electronic component T and the number of pixels of the image sensor of the component camera 61. That is, the target resolution varies as appropriate depending on the size of the electronic component T and the number of pixels of the image sensor in an imaging environment determined by the distance from the component camera 61 to the electronic component T and the camera field of view Fv of the component camera 61.
- the target resolution increases as the size of the electronic component T decreases, and the target resolution decreases as the size of the electronic component T increases.
- the target resolution is set, the quantity of image data necessary for the multi-frame type super-resolution processing is determined. Therefore, the data extraction unit 726 sets the quantity of image data extracted from a large number of image data captured by the control device 170 while moving the mounting head 40 relative to the component camera 61 based on the target resolution.
- the alignment processing unit 723 and the reconstruction processing unit 724 perform super-resolution processing on a predetermined number of extracted image data, and high-resolution data that satisfies the target resolution is generated.
- the holding state recognition unit performs processing for recognizing the holding state of the electronic component T by the suction nozzle 42 based on the high resolution data. At this time, the number of pixels occupied by the electronic component T in the high-resolution data is ensured to some extent, and a reduction in recognition accuracy is prevented.
- the recognition process of the holding state of the electronic component T in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the data extraction unit 726 of the control device 170 acquires the dimension information relating to the electronic component T currently held by the suction nozzle 42 from the storage unit 73. Then, the data extraction unit 726 calculates a target resolution according to the dimension information and the number of pixels of the image sensor (S131).
- the data extraction unit 726 sets the number of image data to be extracted for super-resolution processing from a large number of image data acquired by subsequent imaging processing based on the target resolution (S132).
- the number of image data extractions may be set for each moving direction of the electronic component T with respect to the component camera 61. For example, it is conceivable that the extraction number is obtained by adding the number of frames in the X axis direction and the number of frames in the Y axis direction.
- the control device 170 moves the mounting head 40 so as to pass above the component camera 61.
- the control device 170 controls the component camera 61 to perform imaging of the electronic component T a plurality of times (S133).
- the control device 170 sends an imaging command to the component camera 61 a plurality of times at a predetermined timing in a state where the reference mark 54 is within the camera field of view Fv of the component camera 61.
- the moving direction and moving speed of the mounting head 40 controlled by the control device 170, the timing of imaging by the component camera 61, and the number of times of imaging are determined in relation to the number of image data extractions set by the data extraction unit 726. .
- the interval between the respective imaging positions (displacement amount ⁇ ) is equal to the pixel interval Wp.
- the displacement amount calculation unit 721 calculates the displacement amount of the other auxiliary data using the image data of one of the many pieces of image data as the reference data (S134). Since the calculation of the displacement amount (S134) is substantially the same as the displacement amount calculation (S24) in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
- the data determination unit 722 determines the suitability of the super-resolution processing based on the displacement amounts respectively calculated by the displacement amount calculation unit 721 for the plurality of image data acquired by the imaging control (S133) as described above ( S135). Specifically, the data determination unit 722 determines suitability based on the displacement amount, the moving direction corresponding to the displacement amount, and the allowable range based on the displacement amount of the auxiliary data and the number of image data extraction set in S132.
- the data extraction unit 726 extracts a predetermined number of image data used for the super-resolution processing from the plurality of image data acquired by the imaging control (S133) based on the determination result by the data determination unit 722 (S136).
- the predetermined number of image data to be extracted is the number of image data extraction set in S132. When there are a large number of image data suitable for super-resolution processing with respect to the number of extractions, higher-order image data close to the optimum value is preferentially extracted.
- the image processing unit 172 stores the recognized holding states of the plurality of electronic components T in the storage unit 73 and ends the holding state recognition process.
- the controller 170 moves the moving head (mounting head 40) relative to the imaging device (component camera 61) while moving the component (electronic component T) multiple times with respect to the imaging device.
- the data determination unit 722 performs the super-resolution processing based on the displacement amounts ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3 calculated by the displacement amount calculation unit 721 for the plurality of image data acquired by the imaging control.
- a data extraction unit that determines suitability and the image processing unit 72 extracts a predetermined number of image data used for the super-resolution processing from a plurality of image data acquired by the imaging control based on the determination result by the data determination unit 722 726 is further included.
- image data suitable for super-resolution processing can be acquired by generally controlling the relative position of the electronic component T and the component camera 61, that is, the imaging position in the imaging process (S133). Therefore, it is possible to reduce the load of the imaging process and shorten the time required for the imaging process.
- the data extraction unit 726 calculates the target resolution in the high resolution data according to the dimension information of the component (electronic component T) held by the holding member (suction nozzle 42) and the number of pixels of the image sensor.
- the quantity of image data to be extracted is set based on the target resolution.
- the number of extractions can be set based on the relationship with the target resolution. Therefore, it is possible to prevent generation of high-resolution data having an excessively high resolution. Thereby, the efficiency of the super-resolution processing can be improved and the processing addition can be reduced.
- the reference mark 54 is configured by arranging four circular portions at equal intervals around the R axis as shown in FIG.
- the fiducial mark 54 has a size that occupies a specified range in the camera field of view Fv of the component camera 61 when captured by the component camera 61, its shape and color can be set as appropriate. is there.
- a shape having a plurality of line segments orthogonal to the direction may be used.
- the relative movement includes a rotational movement, it is conceivable to set a large interval between the four circular portions in order to suppress an angular error in the alignment process.
- imaging is performed with the electronic component T positioned with respect to the component camera 61.
- imaging is performed with the electronic component T moved relative to the component camera 61.
- the imaging process may be performed by combining them.
- the configuration in which the assembly machine is the component mounting machine 1 has been described as an example.
- the assembly machine is an assembly machine that transfers the part acquired at the supply position to the assembly position and assembles the part to the assembly target, the assembly is performed based on the holding state of the part recognized using the super-resolution processing. Control can be performed. Therefore, the assembly machine may constitute a manufacturing facility for assembling a power module or the like, for example. Even in such a configuration, the same effect as the present embodiment can be obtained.
- Component mounting machine (assembly machine) 2: Base 10: Board transfer device 20: Component supply device 30: Component transfer device 40: Mounting head (moving head) 41: Nozzle holder (holder member) 42: Suction nozzle (holding member) 54: Reference mark 61: Component camera (imaging device) 62: Substrate camera 70, 170: Control device 72, 172: Image processing unit 721: Displacement amount calculation unit, 722: Data determination Unit 723: alignment processing unit, 724: reconstruction processing unit 725: holding state recognition unit, 726: data extraction unit B: circuit board (assembly target), T: electronic component Ps: supply position, Pf: mounting position ( Assembly position) Fs: Part of reference data, F1 to F3: Part of auxiliary data ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3: Displacement amount, D: Diameter of circular part, Fv: Camera field of view
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Abstract
Description
(1-1.部品実装機の全体構成)
部品実装機1の全体構成について、図1,2を参照して説明する。部品実装機1は、基板搬送装置10と、部品供給装置20と、部品移載装置30と、部品カメラ61と、基板カメラ62と、制御装置70とを備えて構成される。各装置10,20,30および部品カメラ61は、部品実装機1の基台2に設けられている。また、図1に示すように、部品実装機1の水平幅方向(図1の左上から右下に向かう方向)をX軸方向、部品実装機1の水平長手方向(図1の右上から左下に向かう方向)をY軸方向、鉛直高さ方向(図1の上下方向)をZ軸方向とする。
部品供給装置20は、回路基板Bに実装される電子部品Tを供給する装置である。部品供給装置20は、部品実装機1のY軸方向の前部側(図1の左下側)に配置されている。この部品供給装置20は、本実施形態において、複数のカセット式のフィーダ21を用いたフィーダ方式としている。フィーダ21は、基台2に対して着脱可能に取り付けられるフィーダ本体部21aとフィーダ本体部21aの後端側に設けられたリール収容部21bとを有する。フィーダ21は、リール収容部21bにより部品包装テープが巻回された供給リール22を保持している。
部品移載装置30は、供給位置Psに供給された電子部品Tを保持して、回路基板B上の装着位置Pf(本発明の「組立位置」に相当する)まで電子部品Tを移載する。本実施形態において、部品移載装置30は、基板搬送装置10および部品供給装置20の上方に配置された直交座標型としている。この部品移載装置30は、Y軸方向に延在する一対のY軸レール31にY軸方向に移動可能にY軸スライド32が設けられている。
部品カメラ61および基板カメラ62は、CCD(Charge Coupled Device)やCMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)等の撮像素子を有するデジタル式の撮像装置である。部品カメラ61および基板カメラ62は、通信可能に接続された制御装置70による制御信号に基づいてカメラ視野Fvに収まる範囲の撮像を行い、当該撮像により取得した画像データを制御装置70に送出する。
制御装置70は、主として、CPUや各種メモリ、制御回路により構成され、部品カメラ61および基板カメラ62の撮像により取得した画像データに基づいて回路基板Bへの電子部品Tの実装を制御する。この制御装置70は、図4に示すように、実装制御部71、画像処理部72、および記憶部73に、バスを介して入出力インターフェース75が接続されている。入出力インターフェース75には、モータ制御回路76および撮像制御回路77が接続されている。
制御装置70の画像処理部72の詳細構成について説明する。ここで、画像処理部72が行う種々の画像処理には、実装制御部71が吸着ノズル42の位置および角度を補正する際に用いられる電子部品の保持状態を認識する処理が含まれる。この保持状態の認識処理には、部品カメラ61の撮像による画像データが用いられる。ここで、部品カメラ61のレンズユニットは、上記のように、焦点距離が一定に設定され、且つ実装ヘッド40に支持された複数の吸着ノズル42が配置される範囲を考慮してカメラ視野を設定されている。
(1-3-1.電子部品Tの実装制御)
上記の部品実装機1による電子部品Tの実装制御について、図5を参照して説明する。この保持状態の認識処理は、実装制御部71による電子部品Tの実装制御において実行される。実装制御は、図5に示すように、先ず複数の吸着ノズル42に電子部品Tを順次吸着させる吸着処理(ステップ11(以下、「ステップ」を「S」と表記する))が実行される。
上記の電子部品Tの保持状態の認識処理について、図6および図7を参照して説明する。ここで、保持状態の認識処理は、超解像処理により生成された高解像度データを用いる。そして、この超解像処理は、複数の画像データを用いるマルチフレーム型を採用している。本実施形態では、電子部品Tに対する部品カメラ61の相対位置が互いに異なる4箇所の撮像位置において撮像された4つの画像データにより超解像処理を行うものとする。
本実施形態に係る組立機(部品実装機1)は、供給位置Psに供給された部品(電子部品T)を取得して保持する保持部材(吸着ノズル42)と、1または複数の保持部材(吸着ノズル42)を昇降可能に支持し、供給位置Psから被組立体(回路基板B)が位置決めされた組立位置(装着位置Pf)まで移動可能に設けられた移動ヘッド(実装ヘッド40)と、保持部材に保持された部品を撮像する撮像装置(部品カメラ61)と、撮像装置が部品を撮像する際に当該撮像装置の視野(カメラ視野Fv)に収まる移動ヘッドの規定位置に付された基準マーク54と、部品に対する撮像装置の相対位置が互いに異なる撮像位置において撮像された複数の画像データを用いた超解像処理により高解像度データを生成し、当該高解像度データに基づいて保持部材による部品の保持状態を認識する画像処理部72と、予め記憶されている制御プログラムと認識された部品の保持状態とに基づいて保持部材の移動を制御して、組立位置に部品を移載させる制御装置70と、を備える。
基準マーク54は、撮像装置により撮像された場合に撮像装置の視野において規定の範囲を占める寸法に設定される。画像処理部72は、複数の画像データのうち一の画像データを基準データとし、当該基準データの撮像位置に対する他の画像データの撮像位置の変位量Δ1~Δ3を、各画像データに含まれる基準マーク54に基づいてそれぞれ算出する変位量算出部721と、複数の画像データの各変位量Δ1~Δ3に基づいて、基準データに対する他の画像データの位置合わせを行う位置合わせ処理部723と、位置合わせされた複数の画像データに基づいて高解像度データを生成する再構成処理部724と、を有する。
第二実施形態の部品実装機について、図8および図9を参照して説明する。第二実施形態の構成は、主として、第一実施形態の制御装置70における画像処理部72の構成、および電子部品Tの保持状態の認識処理が相違する。その他の共通する構成については、第一実施形態と実質的に同一であるため、詳細な説明を省略する。以下、相違点のみについて説明する。
本実施形態の制御装置170は、超解像処理に用いられる複数の画像データの取得方法が、第一実施形態の制御装置70の採用する方法と相違する。詳細には、制御装置170は、超解像処理に用いられる複数の画像データを取得するための撮像処理において、実装ヘッド40を部品カメラ61に対して相対移動させながら、部品カメラ61に対して複数回に亘り電子部品Tの撮像を行うように制御する。この撮像制御により取得される画像データの数量は、超解像処理に用いられる画像データの数量よりも多い。
本実施形態における電子部品Tの保持状態の認識処理について、図9を参照して説明する。制御装置170のデータ抽出部726は、現在、吸着ノズル42に保持されている電子部品Tに係る寸法情報を記憶部73から取得する。そして、データ抽出部726は、この寸法情報、および撮像素子の画素数に応じて目標解像度を算出する(S131)。
上述した部品実装機1によると、第一実施形態と同様の効果を奏する。また、本実施形態において、制御装置170は、移動ヘッド(実装ヘッド40)を撮像装置(部品カメラ61)に対して相対移動させながら、撮像装置に対して複数回に亘り部品(電子部品T)の撮像を行うように制御し、データ判定部722は、当該撮像の制御により取得した複数の画像データについて変位量算出部721によりそれぞれ算出された変位量Δ1~Δ3に基づいて超解像処理における適否を判定し、画像処理部72は、データ判定部722による判定結果に基づいて、撮像の制御により取得した複数の画像データから超解像処理に用いる所定数の画像データを抽出するデータ抽出部726をさらに有する。
第一、第二実施形態では、基準マーク54は、図3に示すように、4つの円形部をR軸周りに等間隔に配置して構成されるものとした。これに対して、基準マーク54は、部品カメラ61により撮像された場合に部品カメラ61のカメラ視野Fvにおいて規定の範囲を占める寸法であれば、その形状および色彩については適宜設定することが可能である。
10:基板搬送装置、 20:部品供給装置
30:部品移載装置
40:実装ヘッド(移動ヘッド)
41:ノズルホルダ(ホルダ部材)
42:吸着ノズル(保持部材)、 54:基準マーク
61:部品カメラ(撮像装置)、 62:基板カメラ
70,170:制御装置
72,172:画像処理部
721:変位量算出部、 722:データ判定部
723:位置合わせ処理部、 724:再構成処理部
725:保持状態認識部、 726:データ抽出部
B:回路基板(被組立体)、 T:電子部品
Ps:供給位置、 Pf:装着位置(組立位置)
Fs:基準データの一部、 F1~F3:補助データの一部
Δ1~Δ3:変位量、 D:円形部の直径、 Fv:カメラ視野
Claims (6)
- 供給位置に供給された部品を取得して保持する保持部材と、
1または複数の前記保持部材を昇降可能に支持し、前記供給位置から被組立体が位置決めされた組立位置まで移動可能に設けられた移動ヘッドと、
前記保持部材に保持された前記部品を撮像する撮像装置と、
前記撮像装置が前記部品を撮像する際に当該撮像装置の視野に収まる前記移動ヘッドの規定位置に付された基準マークと、
前記部品に対する前記撮像装置の相対位置が互いに異なる撮像位置において撮像された複数の前記画像データを用いた超解像処理により高解像度データを生成し、当該高解像度データに基づいて前記保持部材による前記部品の保持状態を認識する画像処理部と、
予め記憶されている制御プログラムと認識された前記部品の保持状態とに基づいて前記保持部材の移動を制御して、前記組立位置に前記部品を移載させる制御装置と、を備え、
前記基準マークは、前記撮像装置により撮像された場合に前記撮像装置の視野において規定の範囲を占める寸法に設定され、
前記画像処理部は、
複数の前記画像データのうち一の前記画像データを基準データとし、当該基準データの前記撮像位置に対する他の前記画像データの前記撮像位置の変位量を、各前記画像データに含まれる前記基準マークに基づいてそれぞれ算出する変位量算出部と、
複数の前記画像データの各前記変位量に基づいて、前記基準データに対する他の前記画像データの位置合わせを行う位置合わせ処理部と、
位置合わせされた複数の前記画像データに基づいて前記高解像度データを生成する再構成処理部と、を有する組立機。 - 前記画像処理部は、複数の前記画像データの各変位量と、前記撮像装置の撮像素子における画素の間隔とに基づいて、超解像処理における各前記画像データの適否を判定するデータ判定部をさらに有する、請求項1の組立機。
- 前記制御装置は、前記移動ヘッドを前記撮像装置に対して相対移動させながら、前記撮像装置に対して複数回に亘り前記部品の撮像を行うように制御し、
前記データ判定部は、当該撮像の制御により取得した複数の前記画像データについて前記変位量算出部によりそれぞれ算出された前記変位量に基づいて超解像処理における適否を判定し、
前記画像処理部は、前記データ判定部による判定結果に基づいて、前記撮像の制御により取得した複数の前記画像データから超解像処理に用いる所定数の前記画像データを抽出するデータ抽出部をさらに有する、請求項2の組立機。 - 前記データ抽出部は、
前記保持部材に保持された前記部品の寸法情報、および前記撮像素子の画素数に応じて前記高解像度データにおける目標解像度を算出し、
抽出する前記画像データの数量を前記目標解像度に基づいて設定する、請求項3の組立機。 - 前記移動ヘッドは、回転可能なホルダ部材により複数の前記保持部材を支持し、
前記撮像装置の視野は、前記移動ヘッドが支持する全ての前記保持部材が収まる大きさに設定されている、請求項1~4の何れか一項の組立機。 - 前記保持部材は、前記部品を吸着して保持する吸着ノズルであり、
前記組立機は、前記制御装置の制御によって前記被組立体である回路基板に前記吸着ノズルにより保持された前記部品を実装する部品実装機である、請求項1~5の何れか一項の組立機。
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