WO2014190694A1 - 一种压滤机 - Google Patents

一种压滤机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014190694A1
WO2014190694A1 PCT/CN2013/087838 CN2013087838W WO2014190694A1 WO 2014190694 A1 WO2014190694 A1 WO 2014190694A1 CN 2013087838 W CN2013087838 W CN 2013087838W WO 2014190694 A1 WO2014190694 A1 WO 2014190694A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
plate
filter press
outer ring
sides
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/087838
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
庞仲达
Original Assignee
佛山市金凯地过滤设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 佛山市金凯地过滤设备有限公司 filed Critical 佛山市金凯地过滤设备有限公司
Priority to DE112013007126.6T priority Critical patent/DE112013007126B4/de
Priority to US14/893,959 priority patent/US9868078B2/en
Priority to JP2016512196A priority patent/JP6134060B2/ja
Publication of WO2014190694A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014190694A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D25/00—Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements
    • B01D25/12—Filter presses, i.e. of the plate or plate and frame type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D25/00—Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements
    • B01D25/12—Filter presses, i.e. of the plate or plate and frame type
    • B01D25/164—Chamber-plate presses, i.e. the sides of the filtering elements being clamped between two successive filtering plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D25/00—Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements
    • B01D25/12—Filter presses, i.e. of the plate or plate and frame type
    • B01D25/21—Plate and frame presses
    • B01D25/215—Construction of the filter plates, frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D25/00—Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements
    • B01D25/30—Feeding devices ; Discharge devices
    • B01D25/302—Feeding devices ; Discharge devices specially adapted for chamber filter presses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Chinese patent application filed on May 28, 2013, the application number is 201310205237.9, the applicant is Foshan Jinkaidi Filtration Equipment Co., Ltd., and the invention name is "a filter press”. Priority is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the invention relates to the technical field of presses, in particular to a filter press.
  • the filter press is an industrial equipment commonly used in the field of environmental protection technology.
  • the sludge-doped sewage is separated into relatively dry materials and relatively clean water after passing through a filter press.
  • the volume of the material is greatly reduced, which is convenient for disposal by burial or incineration, and the water is separated by various solid components, or directly recycled, or further processed for recycling, and direct discharge.
  • the filter plates When the filter press is used, the filter plates are pressed together and pressed against each other, and the filter cloth is sleeved on the surface of the filter plate, and a closed space is formed between the filter cloths of the adjacent filter plates.
  • the sewage enters the closed space between the various filter plates through the central hole of the filter press plate. Due to the strong pressure of the sewage, the water-permeable filter cloth enters the water-permeable hole opened inside the filter plate to discharge the filter press, but the sludge The filter cloth cannot be permeable, so it accumulates in the enclosed space between the filter cloths of adjacent filter plates.
  • the filter press can turn a huge volume of sewage into a mud cake with a reduced volume, which greatly reduces the cost of sewage treatment, and has very good economic and social benefits.
  • the former refers to how many tons of sewage can be filtered in a certain period of time, and the latter refers to the mud cake that is finally filtered. How low the water content is.
  • Everything about the filter press is a collection of the above problems.
  • the filter press has only one feed port, and the feed rate is not improved, which seriously restricts the work efficiency; and with the introduction of the large filter press, the length of the filter press region will greatly increase, and the injection
  • the sludge due to the weight, the sludge in the filter plate near the feed port has been filtered and the water content is greatly reduced, while the filter plate far from the feed port has not begun to receive the sludge. This results in uneven press and increased device losses.
  • the diameter of the filter plate is below 0.6 m. If a larger filter plate is made, more sludge can be filtered at one time to double the working efficiency. However, as the diameter of the filter plate becomes larger, two problems follow. First, as the diameter becomes larger, the circumference of the filter press plate also becomes longer, and in the state of the filter press, the sealing between adjacent filter plates becomes more difficult. Especially when the mud cake falls off, there are always some mud cakes that will fall on the seals of the adjacent filter plates. Each filter press has more than a dozen pressure filter plates, which are large in size. It is impossible to artificially apply mud every time.
  • the pressure applied to the filter plate is equal to the pressure of the sewage multiplied by the area of the filter plate. As the diameter of the filter plate becomes larger, the pressure of the sewage received by the filter plate becomes correspondingly larger. Therefore, in the process of pressure filtration, the pressure filter plate is shaken by the adjacent two sides of the sewage, and if the strength of the pressure filter plate is insufficient, it will be easily broken and shorten the service life of the filter plate.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a filter press which can improve the working efficiency and pressure filtration effect of the sewage filter press of the filter press.
  • the present invention employs the following technical solutions.
  • a filter press includes a hydraulic device, a pressing device, at least two pressure filter plates, a guide beam is fixed to both sides of the hydraulic device and the pressing device, and a front end of the hydraulic device is provided with a piston rod,
  • the piston rod is movably mounted on the guide beam, the front end of the piston rod is connected to the push plate, the filter plate is mounted on the guide beam, and the push plate and the pressing device are respectively located on both sides of the filter plate
  • the pressing device is provided with a first feeding port
  • the pushing plate is provided with a second feeding port
  • each of the filter plate sets has a material through hole, and two adjacent pressure plate
  • the group is connected end to end, and the material through hole constitutes a material passage, and the first feed port is in communication with the second feed port and the material passage.
  • the first feed port is horizontally disposed, and the second feed port is connected to the material by a vertical hole Through hole.
  • the first feed port and the second feed port are provided with a valve.
  • the outer ring positions of the two sides of the filter plate are respectively provided with closed ribs, and when the two filter plates are pressed, a gap is formed between the ribs on both sides of the plate.
  • the top surface of the rib of one side of the plate body is a flat surface, and the rib of the other side of the plate body is a pointed top or a curved top.
  • the width of the gap is 3 ⁇ to 5 ⁇ ; the two sides of the opposite body are provided with support columns uniformly distributed around the circumference. When the two filter plates are abutted, the corresponding support columns of the plate body abut each other.
  • the two sides of the plate body are evenly covered with columnar protrusions in the range of the ribs, and the top surfaces of all the columnar protrusions are flush with each other, and the base surface of the plate body which grows out of the columnar protrusion is thicker in the outer ring
  • the inner ring is thin, the height of the columnar protrusion located on the outer ring is small, and the height of the columnar protrusion located in the inner ring is large.
  • the support columns are divided into two groups according to whether the distribution circumference is located in the inner ring or the outer ring, and one set in the inner ring is four, each support column has a diameter of 30 mm to 50 ⁇ ; and one set on the outer ring is six. Each support column has a diameter of 50 mm to 70 mm.
  • the diameter of the distribution circumference of the support column on the outer ring is 40-60% of the diameter of the filter plate, and the diameter of the distribution circumference of the support column at the inner ring is 20 of the diameter of the filter plate -30%.
  • the two inlets are located on both sides of the whole filter plate, so that the materials are fed into the material at the same time, which not only makes the feed rate greatly improved, but also the filter is even and the effect is better;
  • the front of the filter plate A closed rib structure is provided on the opposite side, and a gap of a certain size is formed between the front and back ribs when the adjacent filter plates are pressed. Therefore, if material remains in the seal of the filter plate, when the filter plates are pressed against each other, the gap can accommodate a certain amount of residual material, thereby preventing the residual material from affecting the seal of the filter plate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of a filter press of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a plurality of filter press plates in abutment.
  • Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged structural view of a of Fig. 2, showing the structure in the vicinity of the void.
  • Figure 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the portion b of Figure 2, showing the base surface of the filter plate and the structure of the columnar projections 323.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the front side of the filter press plate of the present invention.
  • Hydraulic device 1 compacting device 2, pressure filter plate 3, material through hole 31, plate body 32, top surface 321, apex or curved top 322, void 33, cylindrical protrusion 323, base surface 324, support column 325, guide Beam 4, piston rod 5, push plate 6, first feed port 71, second feed port 72, material passage 8, diameter m of the filter plate, thickness n of the base of the filter plate, filter plate The maximum thickness X, the width y of the void 33.
  • the filter press of the present embodiment includes a hydraulic device 1, a pressing device 2, at least two pressure filter plates 3, and a guide beam 4 fixed to both sides of the hydraulic device 1 and the pressing device 2, as shown in FIG.
  • the front end of the hydraulic device is provided with a piston rod 5, and the piston rod 5 is movably mounted on the guide beam 4, and the front end of the piston rod 5 is connected to the push plate 6, and the pressure filter plate 3 is mounted on the guide beam 4,
  • the push plate 6 and the pressing device 1 are respectively located at two sides of the pressure filter plate 3, the pressing device 1 is provided with a first feed port 71, and the push plate 6 is provided with a second feed a port 72, each of the filter plate 3 groups has a material through hole 31, two adjacent filter plate 3 groups are connected end to end, and the material through hole 31 constitutes a material passage 8, the first The spout 71 corresponds to the second feed port 72 and the material passage.
  • the first feed port 71 is horizontally disposed, and the second feed port 72 is connected to the material through hole 31 by a vertical hole. Since the second feed port 72 is disposed in the push plate 6, the other end of the push plate 6 is the piston rod 5 and the hydraulic device 1, and the second feed port 72 is disposed to communicate with the vertical through hole 31 to the material through hole 31.
  • the space required for the feed pipe can be saved, the overall length of the device is greatly reduced, the space is saved not only, but also the material is saved; since the other end of the first feed port 71 There are no other devices, so using a simpler level setting can reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the first feed port 71 and the second feed port 72 are provided with a valve, and the valve can be set to close the valve after the feed is completed, and the connection between the filter press and the feed pipe can be cut off, and the valve can be enlarged.
  • the pressure of the filter press is better.
  • the hydraulic device 1 is started first, and the push plate 6 is driven by the piston rod 5 to close the end of the pressure filter plate 3 and hold the pressure, and then the sludge enters the material at the same time through the first feed port 71 and the second feed port 72.
  • the through holes 31 constitute a material passage 8 and enter each of the pressure filter plates 3, and then close the valves of the first feed port 71 and the second feed port 72, start the hydraulic device 1, and the hydraulic device 1 drives the piston rod 5 to push the plate 6 Squeeze the pressure filter plate 3 to dewater the material.
  • the hydraulic device 1 drives the piston rod 5 to drive the push plate 6 to retract, and the pressure filter plate 3 is reset. At this time, the material in the material chamber can be taken out.
  • the feed rate is doubled at the same time when entering the material, and the feed rate is doubled; the feed rate is increased, and the dirt is reduced.
  • the time during which the mud is filled to all of the filter plates 3 eliminates the problem of uneven filtration due to sludge deposition.
  • the pressure filter plate 3 of the present embodiment is as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, and the outer ring positions of the two sides of the plate body 32 are respectively provided with closed ribs, and when the two filter plate 3 are abutted, the plate body 32 is A gap 33 is formed between the ribs on both sides.
  • the plate body 32 may be circular or square. If it is circular, the rib is a circular boss. If it is a square plate, the rib is a square boss.
  • the adjacent filter press plates 3 are provided with a rubber ring for sealing at the outer ring positions on both sides, or a structure in which the front surface is an annular protrusion and the reverse surface is a corresponding annular groove. These structures appear to be tightly sealed but do not meet actual conditions.
  • the invention is deliberately designed to provide a closed rib structure on the front side and the back side of the plate body 32, and when the adjacent filter plate 3 is pressed, a certain size is formed between the front and back ribs. Void 33 ( Figure 3). Therefore, if materials remain in the seal of the filter plate 3, when the filter plates 3 are pressed against each other, the gaps 33 can accommodate a certain amount of residual material, thereby preventing the residual material from affecting the seal of the filter plate 3.
  • top surface 321 of the rib of one side of the plate body 32 is a flat surface, and the rib of the other surface of the plate body 32 is a pointed top or a curved top 322.
  • the top surface 321 is flat and has a stronger sealing effect.
  • the contact with the opposite plate surface of the pressure filter plate 3 is in surface contact; the structure of the apex or curved top 322 facilitates pushing the material away from the contact position of the adjacent plate 32 to avoid leakage due to pinching of the material.
  • a gap 33 is formed between the top surface 321 of the adjacent two filter plates 3 and the apex or curved top 322.
  • the structure actually forms a double-layer sealing structure, which enhances the sealing performance.
  • the front ribs and the ribs on the front side form a line of defense for the inner ring and the outer ring, and a gap 33 for accommodating the residual material between the two lines of defense. .
  • the top surface 321 is disposed on the inner ring, and the apex or curved top 322 is disposed on the outer ring.
  • the contact between the top surface 321 and the adjacent plate body 32 is in surface contact, and the sealing ability is stronger, so the inner ring is first subjected to the pressure of the sewage.
  • the apex or curved top 322 is located on the outer ring for further sealing and is subject to less effluent pressure and a secondary sealing effect.
  • the width y of the gap 33 is Smm-Sim.
  • the width is not too large. If the width is too large, the structural strength is insufficient, resulting in poor sealing performance; not too small, too small to be easily filled by the accumulated material, resulting in a decrease in sealing performance.
  • the width y of the void 33 refers to the difference between the innermost radius of the void 33 and the outermost radius, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the both sides of the plate body 32 are evenly covered with the columnar protrusions 323 in the range of the ribs (for the sake of clarity, the columnar protrusions 323 are not drawn in Fig. 5.
  • the top surfaces of all the columnar protrusions 323 are mutually Flush, the base surface 324 of the inverted body 32 that grows out of the columnar protrusion 323 is thicker in the outer ring and thinner in the inner ring, and the columnar protrusion 323 located in the outer ring is smaller in height, and the columnar protrusion is located in the inner ring.
  • the top surface of the columnar protrusions 323 is flush with each other, so that the material between the pressure filter plates 3 can be pressed into a dry material of the same thickness, and such a structure facilitates easy dropping of the material after pressing.
  • the two sides of the plate body 32 are provided with support columns 325 uniformly distributed around the circumference.
  • the corresponding support columns 325 of the plate body 32 abut each other.
  • the support column 325 protects the large-sized filter plate 3 from being subjected to strong pressure from the sewage, and the filter plate 3 does not shake from side to side.
  • the support columns 325 are divided into two groups according to the circumference of the distribution in the inner ring or the outer ring, four in the inner ring, each of the support columns 325 has a diameter of 30 mm to 50 mm, and one set in the outer ring is six. Each support post 325 has a diameter of 50 ⁇ to 70 mm.
  • the diameter of the distribution circumference of the support column 325 at the outer ring is 40-60% of the diameter of the filter plate 3, and the diameter of the distribution circumference of the support column 325 at the inner ring is the filter plate 3 20-30% of the diameter.
  • the support column 325 functions to prevent the swing of the filter plate 3 from being excessively large when the material pressure is excessively large.
  • the position that is most easily oscillated is the central position of the filter plate 3, so that each of the inner and outer rings is provided with a set of support columns 325 to more effectively reduce the sloshing of the filter plate 3 during the filter press.
  • the filter plate 3 has a circular shape and a diameter m of 0.6 m-l. 2 m.
  • the thickness n of the base surface of the filter plate 3 is 30 mm to 40 mm, and the maximum thickness x of the filter plate 3 is 50 mm to 70 mm.
  • the maximum thickness x of the plate body 32 refers to the maximum distance to the top surface of the rib of the front and back faces of the plate body 32.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

一种压滤机，包括液压装置（1）、压紧装置（2）和至少两块压滤板（3），液压装置（1）与压紧装置（2）的两侧固定有向导横梁（4），液压装置（1）的前端设置有活塞杆（5），活塞杆（5）活动安装于向导横梁（4），活塞杆（5）的前端连接推板（6），压滤板（3）安装于向导横梁（4），推板（6）和压紧装置（2）分别位于压滤板（3）的两侧，压紧装置（2）设置有第一进料口（71），推板（6）设置有第二进料口（72），每个压滤板（3）组均具有物料通孔（31），相邻的两块压滤板（3）组首尾相连，物料通孔（31）组成物料通道（8），第一进料口（71）与第二进料口（72）和物料通道（8）相连通。该压滤机由于设置了两个进料口（71，72），不仅大大提高了进料速率，而且提高了压滤效果。

Description

一种压滤机 本专利申请要求于 2013年 5月 28 日提交的、 申请号为 201310205237.9、 申请人为佛山市金凯地过滤设备有限公司、 发明名称为 "一种压滤机" 的中国 专利申请的优先权， 该申请的全文以引用的方式并入本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及压榨机技术领域， 尤其涉及一种压滤机。
背景技术
压滤机是在环保技术领域中常用的一种工业设备， 掺杂污泥的污水经过压 滤机之后被分离成比较干燥的物料和比较干净的水。 物料体积大为缩小， 方便 通过掩埋或者焚烧等形式进行处理， 而水则由于分离了各种固态成分， 或者直 接回收利用， 或者进行进一步处理后回收利用， 以及直接排放等。
压滤机使用时， 压滤板被挤压在一起， 相互靠紧， 滤布套在压滤板表面， 相邻压滤板的滤布之间形成封闭空间。 污水经过压滤板的中心孔进入到各个压 滤板之间的封闭空间内， 由于污水的强大压力， 水透过滤布进入到压滤板内部 开设的透水孔里排出压滤机， 但污泥无法透过滤布， 故积累在相邻压滤板的滤 布之间的封闭空间。 污泥沉积到达一定量后， 松开压滤板， 则积累的污泥像一 块一块的饼一样从压滤板的滤布之间掉落。 由于目前节能环保日益成为社会关 注的热点问题， 压滤机能够将体积巨大的污水变成体积缩小的泥饼， 极大地减 少了企业处理污水的成本， 具有非常好的经济效益和社会效益。 根据上述整个 过程可知， 压滤机的工作效率和工作效果是最重要的两个因素， 前者指的是一 定时间内可以压滤多少吨污水， 后者指的是最终压滤出的泥饼的含水率有多低。 一切关于压滤机的改进都是上述问题的集合。
现有技术中的压滤机都只有一个进料口， 进料速度得不到提升， 严重制约 了工作效率； 而且随着大型压滤机的面世， 压滤区域的长度将大大增长， 注入 污泥时， 受到重量的影响， 靠近进料口的压滤板中的污泥已经被过滤而且含水 率大大减低， 而远离进料口的压滤板还没开始接收污泥。 导致压榨不均， 器件 损耗加大。
压滤板直径都在 0. 6m以下， 假如制成更大尺寸的压滤板， 则可以一次压滤 出更多的污泥， 成倍提高工作效率。 但是随着压滤板直径的变大， 有两个问题 随之而来。 首先， 由于直径变大， 因此压滤板的周长也随之变长， 压滤状态时， 相邻压滤板之间的密封变得更加困难。 尤其是泥饼脱落时， 总有一些泥饼会落 在相邻压滤板的密封处， 每台压滤机有十几块压滤板， 尺寸又很大， 人工不可 能每次都将泥饼清理干净， 于是下次压滤时， 相邻压滤板可能无法严格密封， 从而污水带着污泥会直接从非密封处流走， 不会经过滤布进行过滤。 其次， 压 滤板承受的压力等于污水的压强乘以压滤板的面积，随着压滤板直径变大， 压滤 板承受的污水压力也相应变得更大。 所以， 在压滤的过程中， 压滤板被相邻两 侧的污水冲击得左右摇晃， 压滤板强度不够的话， 就会容易破损， 缩短压滤板 的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种压滤机， 其可以提高压滤机的污水压滤的工作 效率与压滤效果。
为达此目的， 本发明采用以下技术方案。
一种压滤机， 包括液压装置、 压紧装置、 至少两块压滤板， 所述液压装置 与压紧装置的两侧固定有向导横梁， 所述液压装置的前端设置有活塞杆， 所述 活塞杆活动安装于向导横梁， 所述活塞杆的前端连接推板， 所述压滤板安装于 所述向导横梁， 所述推板和所述压紧装置分别位于所述压滤板的两侧， 所述压 紧装置设置有第一进料口， 所述推板设置有第二进料口， 每个所述压滤板组均 具有物料通孔， 相邻的两块所述压滤板组首尾相连， 所述物料通孔组成物料通 道， 所述第一进料口与第二进料口和所述物料通道相连通。
所述第一进料口为水平设置， 所述第二进料口是由竖直孔连通至所述物料 通孔。
所述第一进料口与第二进料口设置有阀门。
所述压滤板的两面的外圈位置分别设置有封闭的凸棱， 两个所述压滤板靠 紧时， 板体的两面的凸棱之间形成空隙。
所述板体的一面的凸棱的顶面为平面， 所述板体的另一面的凸棱为尖顶或 弧面顶。
两个所述压滤板靠紧时， 相邻的两个压滤板的所述顶面和所述尖顶或弧面 顶之间形成空隙是封闭的； 所述顶面设置于内圈， 所述尖顶或弧面顶设置于外 圈。
所述空隙的宽度为 3匪至 5匪；所 反体的两面设置有圆周均匀分布的支撑 柱， 两个所述压滤板靠紧时， 所述板体相对应的支撑柱相互抵紧。
所述板体的两面在凸棱内的范围里均匀布满柱状突起， 所有的所述柱状突 起的顶面相互平齐， 所述板体的长出所述柱状突起的基面在外圈较厚、 内圈较 薄， 位于外圈的所述柱状突起高度较小， 位于内圈的所述柱状突起高度较大。
所述支撑柱按照分布圆周位于内圈还是外圈分为两组， 位于内圈的一组为 四个， 每个支撑柱的直径为 30mm至 50匪； 位于外圈的一组为六个， 每个支撑柱 的直径为 50mm至 70mm。
位于外圈的所述支撑柱的分布圆周的直径为所述压滤板的直径的 40-60% , 位于内圈的所述支撑柱的分布圆周的直径为所述压滤板的直径的 20-30%。
因为两个进料口分别位于全部压滤板的两侧， 所以使得进入物料的时候两 端同时进物料， 不但使得进料速率大大提升， 而且压滤均匀， 效果更好； 压滤 板的正面和反面分别设置一个封闭的凸棱的结构， 并且当相邻压滤板压紧时， 正面和反面的凸棱之间形成了一定尺寸的空隙。 所以， 若有物料残留在压滤板 的密封处， 当压滤板相互压紧时， 空隙能够容纳一定的残留物料， 从而避免残 留物料影响压滤板的密封。
附图说明 图 1是本发明的压滤机的其中一个实施例的示意图。
图 2是多个压滤板的靠紧时的结构示意图。
图 3是图 2的 a处局部放大结构示意图， 表明了空隙附近的结构。
图 4是图 2的 b处局部放大结构示意图， 表明了压滤板的基面和柱状突起 323的结构。
图 5是本发明的压滤板的正面的结构示意图。
其中：
液压装置 1, 压紧装置 2, 压滤板 3, 物料通孔 31, 板体 32, 顶面 321, 尖 顶或弧面顶 322, 空隙 33, 柱状突起 323, 基面 324, 支撑柱 325, 向导横梁 4, 活塞杆 5, 推板 6, 第一进料口 71, 第二进料口 72, 物料通道 8, 压滤板的直径 m, 压滤板的基面的厚度 n, 压滤板的最大厚度 X, 空隙 33的宽度 y。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
本实施例的压滤机如图 1所示， 包括液压装置 1、 压紧装置 2、 至少两块压 滤板 3, 所述液压装置 1与压紧装置 2的两侧固定有向导横梁 4, 所述液压装置 的前端设置有活塞杆 5, 所述活塞杆 5活动安装于向导横梁 4, 所述活塞杆 5的 前端连接推板 6, 所述压滤板 3安装于所述向导横梁 4, 所述推板 6和所述压紧 装置 1分别位于所述压滤板 3的两侧， 所述压紧装置 1设置有第一进料口 71, 所述推板 6设置有第二进料口 72, 每个所述压滤板 3组均具有物料通孔 31, 相 邻的两块所述压滤板 3组首尾相连， 所述物料通孔 31组成物料通道 8, 所述第 一进料口 71与第二进料口 72和所述物料通道相对应。
优选的， 所述第一进料口 71为水平设置， 所述第二进料口 72是由竖直孔 连通至所述物料通孔 31。 由于所述第二进料口 72设置在推板 6中， 推板 6的另 一端为活塞杆 5与液压装置 1, 第二进料口 72设置为竖直孔连通至所述物料通 孔 31, 便可以节约了由于需要预留给进料管道的空间， 大大地减少了设备的整 体长度， 不仅节约了占地空间， 而且节省了材料； 由于第一进料口 71的另一端 并没有其他装置， 所以采用较简单的水平设置， 可以减少制造成本。 优选的， 所述第一进料口 71与第二进料口 72设置有阀门， 设置阀门可以 在完成进料后把阀门关上， 截断压滤机与输料管道之间的连通， 可以加大压滤 机的压力， 压滤效果更好。
工作时， 先启动液压装置 1, 通过活塞杆 5带动推板 6将压滤板 3端部封闭 并保压， 然后污泥通过第一进料口 71与第二进料口 72同时进入由物料通孔 31 组成物料通道 8 , 并进入各个压滤板 3中， 然后关闭第一进料口 71与第二进料 口 72的阀门， 启动液压装置 1 , 液压装置 1 驱动活塞杆 5 使推板 6 挤压压滤 板 3, 从而使物料进行脱水， 压榨完成后， 液压装置 1 驱动活塞杆 5 带动推板 6 缩回， 压滤板 3 复位， 此时取出物料腔内的物料即可。 因为两个进料口分别 位于全部压滤板 3 的两侧， 所以使的进入物料的时候两端同时进物料， 进料的 速率将提高了一倍； 由于进料的速率提高， 减少了污泥填充至全部压滤板 3 的 时间， 消除了由于污泥的沉淀而导致的压滤不均的问题。
本实施例的压滤板 3如图 2至 4所的， 其板体 32的两面的外圈位置分别设 置有封闭的凸棱， 两个所述压滤板 3靠紧时， 板体 32的两面的凸棱之间形成空 隙 33。 板体 32可以为圆形也可以为方形， 若为圆形， 则凸棱是圆环形的凸台， 若为方板， 则凸棱是方形的凸台。 凸棱的封闭指的是凸棱为首尾相接围绕所述 压滤板 3的板体 32的外圈一周的环台。 现有技术中， 相邻的压滤板 3在两面的 外圈位置设置有用于密封的胶圈， 或者采取正面为环形突起， 反面为位置对应 的环形凹坑的结构。 这些结构看起来密封严格， 但却不符合实际工况。 因为滤 饼脱落时， 难免会有部分物料残留在压滤板 3的密封处， 导致压滤板 3下次压 紧时将残留的物料也压紧在两个压滤板 3之间， 从而密封失效。 本发明开创性 地设计了在板体 32的正面和反面分别设置一个封闭的凸棱的结构， 并且当相邻 压滤板 3压紧时， 正面和反面的凸棱之间形成了一定尺寸的空隙 33 (如图 3 ) 。 所以， 若有物料残留在压滤板 3的密封处， 当压滤板 3相互压紧时， 空隙 33能 够容纳一定的残留物料， 从而避免残留物料影响压滤板 3的密封。
进一步地， 所述板体 32的一面的凸棱的顶面 321为平面， 所述板体 32的 另一面的凸棱为尖顶或弧面顶 322。 顶面 321是平面， 具有更强的封闭作用， 他 与对面的压滤板 3的板面的接触为面接触； 尖顶或弧面顶 322的结构便于将物 料从相邻板体 32的接触位置推开， 避免夹住物料导致泄漏。
两个所述压滤板 3靠紧时， 相邻的两个压滤板 3的所述顶面 321和尖顶或 弧面顶 322之间形成空隙 33是封闭的。 本结构实际上形成了双层密封结构， 增 强了密封性能， 正面的凸棱和方面的凸棱形成内圈和外圈两道密封的防线， 在 两道防线之间为容纳残留物料的空隙 33。
所述顶面 321设置于内圈， 所述尖顶或弧面顶 322设置于外圈。 顶面 321 与相邻板体 32的接触是面接触， 封闭能力更强， 所以在内圈， 首先承受污水的 压力。 尖顶或弧面顶 322位于外圈， 起到进一步密封的作用， 受到的污水压力 较小， 承担次要的密封作用。
所述空隙 33的宽度 y为 Smm-Sim 该宽度不可太大， 太大则结构强度不足， 导致密封性能不好； 不可太小， 太小则容易被积存物料填满， 导致密封性能下 降。 空隙 33的宽度 y, 指的是空隙 33的最内半径与最外半径的差值， 如图 3。
所述板体 32的两面在凸棱内的范围里均匀布满柱状突起 323(为清晰起见， 图 5并未画满柱状突起 323。如图 4, 所有的所述柱状突起 323的顶面相互平齐， 所 反体 32的长出所述柱状突起 323的基面 324在外圈较厚、 内圈较薄， 位于 外圈的所述柱状突起 323高度较小， 位于内圈的所述柱状突起 323高度较大。 柱状突起 323的顶面相互平齐， 这样才能够将压滤板 3之间的物料压榨为相同 厚度的干燥物料， 而且这样的结构便于压榨之后的物料容易脱落。
所述板体 32的两面设置有圆周均匀分布的支撑柱 325 , 两个所述压滤板 3 靠紧时， 所述板体 32相对应的支撑柱 325相互抵紧。 支撑柱 325能够保护大尺 寸的压滤板 3在承受污水的强大压力时， 压滤板 3不会左右摇晃。
所述支撑柱 325按照分布圆周位于内圈还是外圈分为两组， 位于内圈的一 组为四个， 每个支撑柱 325的直径为 30mm至 50mm; 位于外圈的一组为六个， 每 个支撑柱 325的直径为 50匪至 70mm。
位于外圈的所述支撑柱 325 的分布圆周的直径为所述压滤板 3 的直径的 40-60% , 位于内圈的所述支撑柱 325的分布圆周的直径为所述压滤板 3的直径 的 20-30%。 支撑柱 325起到防止物料压力过大时压滤板 3的摆动过大的作用， 最容易摆动的位置是压滤板 3 的中部位置， 因此分别在内圈和外圈各设置一组 支撑柱 325能够更有效地减少所述压滤板 3在压滤过程中的晃动。
所述压滤板 3为圆形， 直径 m为 0. 6m-l . 2m, 压滤板 3的基面的厚度 n为 30mm-40mm, 压滤板 3的最大厚度 x为 50mm-70mm。 板体 32的最大厚度 x指的是 给板体 32的正面和反面的凸棱的顶面的最大距离。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。 这些描述只是为了解释本 发明的原理， 而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。 基于此处的 解释， 本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具 体实施方式， 这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种压滤机， 包括液压装置、 压紧装置、 至少两块压滤板， 所述液压装 置与压紧装置的两侧固定有向导横梁， 所述液压装置的前端设置有活塞杆， 所 述活塞杆活动安装于向导横梁， 所述活塞杆的前端连接推板， 所述压滤板安装 于所述向导横梁， 所述推板和所述压紧装置分别位于所述压滤板的两侧， 其特 征在于： 所述压紧装置设置有第一进料口， 所述推板设置有第二进料口， 每个 所述压滤板组均具有物料通孔， 相邻的两块所述压滤板组首尾相连， 所述物料 通孔组成物料通道， 所述第一进料口与第二进料口和所述物料通道相连通。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述的一种压滤机， 其特征在于： 所述第一进料口为水 平设置， 所述第二进料口是由竖直孔连通至所述物料通孔。
3.根据权利要求 1 所述的一种压滤机， 其特征在于： 所述第一进料口与第 二进料口设置有阀门。
4.根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的一种压滤机， 其特征在于： 所述压滤板 的两面的外圈位置分别设置有封闭的凸棱， 两个所述压滤板靠紧时， 板体的两 面的凸棱之间形成空隙。
5.根据权利要求 4 所述的一种压滤机， 其特征在于： 所述板体的一面的凸 棱的顶面为平面， 所述板体的另一面的凸棱为尖顶或弧面顶。
6.根据权利要求 5 所述的一种压滤机， 其特征在于： 两个所述压滤板靠紧 时， 相邻的两个压滤板的所述顶面和所述尖顶或弧面顶之间形成空隙是封闭的； 所述顶面设置于内圈， 所述尖顶或弧面顶设置于外圈。
7.根据权利要求 4所述的一种压滤机， 其特征在于： 所述空隙的宽度为 3匪 至 5匪；所述板体的两面设置有圆周均匀分布的支撑柱，两个所述压滤板靠紧时， 所述板体相对应的支撑柱相互抵紧。
8.根据权利要求 4 所述的一种压滤机， 其特征在于： 所述板体的两面在凸 棱内的范围里均匀布满柱状突起， 所有的所述柱状突起的顶面相互平齐， 所述 板体的长出所述柱状突起的基面在外圈较厚、 内圈较薄， 位于外圈的所述柱状 突起高度较小， 位于内圈的所述柱状突起高度较大。
9.根据权利要求 8 所述的一种压滤机， 其特征在于： 所述支撑柱按照分布 圆周位于内圈还是外圈分为两组， 位于内圈的一组为四个， 每个支撑柱的直径 为 30mm至 50mm; 位于外圈的一组为六个， 每个支撑柱的直径为 50mm至 7 Omm。
10.根据权利要求 9所述的一种压滤机， 其特征在于： 位于外圈的所述支撑 柱的分布圆周的直径为所述压滤板的直径的 40-60% , 位于内圈的所述支撑柱的 分布圆周的直径为所述压滤板的直径的 20-30%。
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JP6134060B2 (ja) 2017-05-24
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US9868078B2 (en) 2018-01-16
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